Step 2 介词详解
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《Unit 5 Languages Around the World》单元教案Unit 5 Languages Around the World-Listening and Speaking【教材分析】不同于旧教材,语言差异在必修一的第二单元,新教材设置在必修一最后一个单元,可以让学生在语言上有所储备,就是在前几个单元的学习中,既有语言知识,也有语音知识,到了这个时候学生就能够有话可说,有感可发,能够找到不同国家英语的区别。
让学生学习不同国家和地区的英语,就可以培养学生的国际视野,可以降低学习英语的恐惧感,也可以让学生明确自己的目标。
【教学目标与核心素养】1.语言能力目标新课标重视培养学生语言的使用能力,本单元通过听来带动说,和平时生活紧密相关,让学生可以体会到不同国家使用英语的过程中会有不同的口音,中式英语也肯定具有它的特点,但是作为语言学习者,我们应该尽量模仿英美国家使用语言的地道性,这样可以拓展学生的国际视野,有助于下一步的开展跨文化交流。
2.学习能力目标:在听力当中,学生应该有效规划学习方法,选择恰当的策略与方法。
这节课,教师可以侧重培养在听的过程中让学生记录关键信息,写下关键词的训练,让学生不是为了做题而听听力造成的紧张感,又不能在听的过程中只见树木不见森林。
【教学重点】(1)在听的过程中先听懂,然后快速记录下关键信息,并通过交换信息来获取更多信息;(2)明确自己要听的主要内容集中精力抓住重点。
【教学难点】(1)听力中涉及到数字一直是学生听力的难点,要让他们对于20以内的数字比较熟悉,才能听到之后立马反应过来;(2)听一次后能记住的信息并不多,在第二遍或者第三遍当中继续积累。
【教学过程】Unit 5 Languages Around the World-Reading and Thinking【教材分析】本节课是高中英语第一册的最后一个单元的阅读和思考部分,文章难度明显增加,体现在以下几个方面:文章题材是说明文,比较难理解;话题生疏,涉及到历史等知识;生词量增大,而且在语境中理解词汇的要求提高。
外研版小学英语三年级第二册Module9Unit2教材内容全解Module9Unit2教材内容全解Module9Unit2 Has Amy got a bike?埃米有一辆自行车吗?1. Listen and chant.听一听,并说唱。
【课文全译】He’s got a bike. 他有一辆自行车。
It’s a nice bike. 它是一辆漂亮的自行车。
She’s got a kite. 她有一只风筝。
It’s a nice kite. 它是一只漂亮的风筝。
【课文注解】①he’s=he has,he’s got=he has got他有。
she’s=she has,she’s got=she has got她有。
it’s=it is它是。
【注意】he’s还等于=he is他是,she’s 还等于she is她是。
例句:She’s(she is)a pupil.他是个小学生。
He’s got(has got )a book.她有一本书。
②a nice bike一辆漂亮的自行车,a nice kite一只漂亮的风筝。
2. Listen and say.听一听,说一说。
【课文全译】Lingling:Has Amy got a bike? 玲玲:埃米有一辆自行车吗?Daming:Yes,she has. 大明:是的,她有。
She goes to school by bike. 她骑自行车上学。
Lingling:Has Sam got a bike? 玲玲:萨姆有一辆自行车吗?Daming:No,he hasn’t. 大明:不,他没有。
He goes to school by bus. 他乘公共汽车上学。
Daming:Mr Smart has got a car. 大明:斯玛特先生有一辆汽车。
He goes to work by car. 他乘汽车上班。
Daming:Ms Smart hasn’t got a car.大明:斯玛特女士没有一辆汽车。
七年级上册英语Starter Unit 2知识点与语法精讲精练词汇梳理(一)完成单词梳理:名词:1. 地图 2. 杯子 3. 尺;直尺4. 笔;钢笔5. 橙子6. 夹克衫;短上衣7. 钥匙8. 被子;床罩动词:1. 是(单数) 2. 用字母拼;拼写代词:1. 这;这个 2. 它 3. 那;那个介词:1. (表示使用语言、材料等)用;以感叹词:1. (用于客气地请求或吩咐)请不定冠词:1. 、(用于单数可数名词前,表示未曾提到的)一(人、事、物)兼类词:1. (pron/adj)什么 2. (n)英语(adj)英格兰的;英语的缩略词:1. (美国)全国篮球协会 2. 停车场;停车位 3. 千克;公斤(二) 词汇变形小结:1. this (pron. 这;这个) — (对应词:那;那个)2. is (v. 是,用于第三人称单数) — (v. 用于第一人称I) — (v. 用于第二人称you)3. map (n.地图) — (复数)4. cup (n.杯子) — (复数)5. ruler (n. 直尺) — (复数)6. pen (n.钢笔) — (复数)7. orange (n.橙子) — (复数)8. jacket (n.夹克衫) — (复数)7. key (n.钥匙) — (复数)(三) 短语攻关:用英语一个橙子这把钥匙 这是…… 拼写它 那幅地图1. What’s this in English?这用英语怎么说? 【用法详解】(1)what 是特殊疑问词,引导特殊疑问句,意为“ ”,What’s 是 的缩写形式。
(2)☑重点:指示代词 this 这;这个(指近处或离说话者较近的人/事物) 【翻译】这是一张地图。
. that那;那个(指远处或离说话者较远的人/事物) 【翻译】那是一把尺子。
.注:this,that 均指代单数(3)in English 意为“ ”,其中in 为介词,表示“用”,in+语言,表示用某种语言(4)☑重点:“What's+ this / that + in + 语言?”,意为“这/那用某种语言怎么说?”,回答时用代词 代替this / that ;若名词为单数可数名词,名词前需加不定冠词a 或 an 。
Unit 3 All Can SucceedPart 1 Warming Up1. prosper[英]['prɒspə(r)][美][ˈprɑspɚ]vi.繁盛,成功;vt.使…成功; 使…昌盛;1.VERB兴旺;繁荣;昌盛;成功If people or businesses prosper, they are successful and do well.The high street banks continue to prosper...商业街上的银行仍旧一派繁荣景象。
Organizations dominated by geriatrics tend not to prosper.由老人主导的组织往往不会兴旺。
3.It will ultimately prosper again.最终,冰岛会再度繁荣。
4.Prosper our beloved city, arkalyk!繁荣我们心爱的城市,阿尔卡雷克!5.Both must make changes to prosper.要想繁荣发展,两国都必须进行改革。
2. shed light on为…提供线索; 对…透露情况; 使…清楚地显出; 阐明…;The work is also expected to shed light on intriguing studies that suggesthow we live today can have striking repercussions for the health andbehaviour of our grandchildren.这项工作也有望阐明一些有趣的研究,如我们今天的生活方式将对子孙的健康和行为产生哪些显著的影响。
2.However, the report also shed light on some grim realities of begging.然而,这项调查也揭示了一些乞讨行为中严酷的现实。
10分钟学会“括号法”,大家先来看两句话:①我是李辉。
(I am Li Hui.)②我爱你。
(I love you. )这两句话中只有“主干成分”而没有“修饰成分”。
这种简单句在中文和英文中的“语序”(单词排列顺序)基本是一致的,都是“主—系—表”或者“主—谓—宾”,理解起来so easy。
但是加上修饰成分后,中文与英文句子的语序就发生了变化。
例如:①我是有道的李辉。
(I am Li Hui from You Dao.)②我全心全意地爱你。
(I love you with all my heart.)从例子中可以看出,修饰成分在中英文中出现的位置是不一样的。
而当一个句子中有很多个修饰成分时,该句子就会变成让人头疼的长难句。
例如:After chatting with Laura on this matter for two hours from 2:00 to4:00 in the afternoon, I returned to my office.如果给这个句子中的全部介词短语加上括号,该句就会变成:(After chatting) (with Laura) (on this matter) (for two hours) (from2:00) (to 4:00) (in the afternoon), I returned (to my office).看到这里大家就明白啦,这个句子虽然很长,但是真正的主干只有I returned 两个单词而已。
所以不要害怕长难句,你看这里就是介词短语给英语句子多穿了几层衣服~当然,由于以上几个句子还比较简单,这些介词短语对句意理解的影响不大。
但是,当句子中加上更多类似介词短语的修饰成分时,又由于中英文语序的不同,英文句子会变得“面目全非”,令人难以理解。
Fortunately,尽管这些修饰成分数量可以很多、位置也不好把握,但是,它们的种类却是非常固定的。
Unit 4 Amazing ScienceTopic 1 When was it invented?Section AⅠ. Material analysis本课是九年级第四单元第一话题的第一课时。
主活动是1a和2。
1a 通过Kangkang 和Jane 谈论火箭模型,引入本课的语法:一般过去时的被动语态。
1b 是检查学生听1a的效果,1c则是检查学生阅读理解的能力。
2重点操练be made of,be made from和be used for。
3a 以听的形式让学生加深对2a的句型和1a的语法的理解。
3b 让学生能够把本课的句型和语法正确地说出来。
总之,本课把句型和语法充分地融合到听、读、说当中。
Ⅱ. Teaching aims1. Knowledge aims:掌握本课的重点词汇和短语,初步学习一般过去时的被动语态。
2. Skill aims:能够在听、说、读、写中正确运用一般过去时的被动语态。
3. Emotional aims: (optional)鼓励学生要勤思考、有理想、争做未来的发明家。
4. Culture awareness: (optional)了解其他国家的科技发明。
Ⅲ. The key points and difficult points1. Key points:Words and phrases: lock, metal, be made of, be made from, be made in, be used for, be allowed to do sth.Sentences:What’s it made of?It’s made from wood.What’s it used for?It’s used for locking the door.I wish I could go into space some day.I hope your dream will come true.Grammar: was/were +pp2. Difficult points:be made of和be made from的用法辨析。
高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配一.相近介词和介词短语1. With the help of 在~~帮助下under the leadership / care of 在~~领导/关心下2. be strict with sb. 对~人要求严格be strict in sth. 对~事要求严格3. at present=at the present time 目前for the present 暂时4. in the sun/sunshine 在阳光下under the sun 在世界上5. lie in 位于~~之内lie on 同~~接壤lie to 位于~~之外6. at least 至少in the least 丝毫,一点7. by name 名叫in the name of 以~~名义8. in the air 空中,在流传on the air 播出9. in the way 挡路,障碍,用~~方法in a way 在某点上,在某种程度上get one’s own way to do 随心所欲give way 让步,屈服lose one’s way 迷路by the way 顺便说一下on one’s way to 在去~~的路上Come this way 这边走10. at the corner 在拐角处(外角in the corner 在角落里(内角on the corner 在角落上(外角上11. judge by / from 根据~~来判断judge for oneself 由某人自己来判断12. at the end (of 在~~结束时at the beginning of 在~~开始时at the back of 在~~背后,支持at the age of ~~岁时at the foot of 在~~脚下at the bottom of 在~~底部at the top of 在~~顶上at/on the edge of 在~~边上13. in the course of 在~~过程中in the eyes of 从~~观点看来,在~~眼里in the face of 面对~~,尽管,纵使in the middle of 在~~中间in the end =at last=finally 最后14. on the eve of 在~~前夕on the side of 在~~一边15. after a time = after some time 过一段时间后for a time = for some time 一时,有一段时间16. behind time 迟到,过期behind the times 落在时代后面17. at no time 决不in no time 立即,马上18. at one time = once time 曾经at a time = each time 每次at times = sometimes 有时at all times 经常,一直,始终at the same time 同时at the time 在~~的时候by the time 到~~的时候19. for a moment 一会儿for the moment 暂时at the moment 当时the moment /minute /instance 正当~~一刹那20. once or twice 一两次more than once 不止一次once more 重新,又once upon a time 从前once in a while 偶尔二.归类记忆1. be on show / display / play / sale / strike / duty / trial2. be of value / importance / use / no use / color / age / size / height / weight / significance3. to one’s joy / surprise / pleasure / astonishment / sorrow / delight4. in surprise / wonder / alarm / terror / horror / delight5. by air / bicycle / boat / bus / car / letter / post / plane / telephone / train / wire6. at daybreak / sunrise / dawn / noon/ dark / night7. out of breath / control / question / sight8. in fact / reality / substance / nature / practice / theory / short / brief / a word / detail / all / average / full / time / fashion / existence / turn / vain / haste / appearance / common / sum/general / particular / public / secret / order / part / power / stock / case / bed / future / name / addition / sight9. on duty / shift / holiday / leave / business / purpose / time / sale / show / board / hand / record / request / root / earth / farm / principle10. for example / instance / all / good / nothing / convenience / short / fear / sale11. by weight ( volume size number~~ / profession / definition / rule / turn / chance/ accident/ mistake / hand / train ( bus ,taxi ,ship ,boat ~~ / air / land / force / day / nature / sight12. at most / least / best / worst / once / first / last / home / school / will ( at will:任意/ work / night / midnight / daybreak / dawn / present / length / large13. as above / below / following / over / usual / before / a matter of fact14. above all / measure / normal15. before all / long / time / now / then16. after all / class / school17. out of action / order / condition / use / operation / step / joint / repair/ gear / balance / range/ doubt / date / danger / hand / shape / place / question / stock /18. with caution / interest / difficulty / ease / advantage / effect / reason / vigor / reserve / success / confidence19. beyond comprehension / conception / description / expression / doubt / control / reach / power / measure / grasp / compare / controversy / dispute / hope / example20. under age / discussion / test / way / repair三.组合记忆(1由两个词组成的复合介词.1. 以of结尾ahead of , aside of , because of , east of , west of , instead of , short of , lack of , regardless of 2. 以to结尾according to , as to , counter to , due to , owing to , next to , previous to , prior to , apostle to , relative to , subject to , subsequent to , on to , thanks to3. 以with结尾along with , together with4. 以for结尾as for , but for , except for , save for5. 以from结尾from above , from below , from among , from between , from beneath , from behind ,from over(2由三个词组成的复合介词.1. 以in开头in addition to , in advance of , in agreement with , in case of , in charge of , in comparison within consequence of , in consideration of , in (the course of , in contrast with , in the face of ,in favor of , in front of , in honor of , in (the light of , in the middle of , in the name of ,in need of , in obedience to , in opposition to , in place of , in preference to , in (the process of in regard to , in reply to , in respect of2. 以by开头by means of , by order of , by reason of , by virtue of , by way of3. 以at开头at the beginning of , at the cost of , at the end of , at the hands of , at mercy of , at the point of , at the risk of4. 以with开头with an eye to , with the exception of , with the purpose of , with reference to , with regard to,with respect to , with a view to , with the view of5. 以for开头for the benefit of , for fear of , for lack of , for the good of , for the sake of6. 以under开头under cover of , under pain of , under the present of7. 以on开头on account of , on behalf of , on the occasion of , on the part of , on the point of , on top of四.省略介词,意义不变1. I will share (in the pleasure with him.2. I spent two hours (in reading the article.3. I’ll write (to you a l etter.4. He plays (on the piano every evening.5. Smith has traveled (through China.6. They are fighting (against their enemy.7. Please fill (in the blanks in the following.8. The houses face (to/on the south.9. She scolded (at her child yesterday.10. It is (of no use talking.11. There is no use (in talking.12. We couldn’t prevent them (from getting married.13. He is busy (in preparing for the exam.14. I have studied English (for ten years.15. This shirt doesn’t fit (for me.16. I want a place to live (in .17. You ought to break (off this habit.18. She always share (in my troubles as well as (in my jobs.五.动词词组及短语1. 以break为中心的词组break away from 脱离,逃离break down 破坏,粉碎;瓦解;出故障,抛锚break in 闯进,打断;使顺服break into 闯入;强行进入;突然开始break out 爆发,发生;准备使用;起锚break the law 违反法律break the record 破记录break one’s promise 失言break up 开垦,破碎;解散,分开,分解2. 以catch为中心的词组be caught doing 被发现做某事be caught in the rain 淋雨catch a bus/train 赶汽车/火车catch a cold 伤风,感冒catch one’s word 听懂某人的话catch sight of 发现,瞥见catch up with 赶上,追及,追上3. 以come为中心的词组come across 偶尔发现,想起;越过;偿付come along 一道来,陪伴;进步,进展;出现come at 达到,求得,得到;扑向,袭击come back 回来;恢复,复原come down 倒下;降落;跌落;病倒come from 来自,起源于,从~~产生,生于come in 进来,进入;流行起来;获名次come into being 发生,产生,出现,形成come into power 开始执政,当权,当选come into use 开始使用,获得应用come on 上演;开始;赶快;发展;登台;(问题被提出come out 出来,传出;出版;结果是;褪色;(秘密泄露come to 苏醒,复原;共计;达到;归结于come to an end 终止,结束come to know 开始了解到come true 实现,成为现实;证实come up 走近;上楼;长出,发芽4. 以do为中心的词组be done in 精疲力竭be done with 完全结束do a good deed 做一件好事do away with 去掉,废除;弄死;浪费do good to (=do sb. good 有益于do harm to (=do sb. good 有害于do its work 有效,有作用do much 极有用do wrong to 做错do one’s best 尽某人最大努力do one’s homework 做作业d o one’s utmost 尽力而为do proud 足以使~~骄傲do sb. justice 公平对待某人do some cleaning (V+ing,etc. 搞卫生do sb. a favor 帮助某人do well in 学得不错,干得漂亮do with 和~~相处,忍受,处理do without 不需要,不用do wonders 创造奇迹have much to do with 和~~很有关系have nothing to do with 与~~无关have something to do with 和~~有关in doing so=in so doing 这时,在这种情况下That will do. 行了;够了5. 以get为中心的词组get about 徘徊,走动,旅行;流传get above oneself 自视高傲get accustomed to 习惯于,对~~习以为常get across 度过,通过,横过;说服,使理解get ahead of 胜过,超过get along 前进,进步;同意;离去get along with 与~~相处get at 发现,了解;掌握;攻击get away 离开,逃脱get back 取回,回来;报复get behind 落后;识破get down 咽下;写下;使沮丧,使抑郁get down to 认真对待,静下心来get familiar with 熟悉get hold of 获得,取得get home 到家get in 进入,陷入;牵涉get off 送走;脱下(衣服;下车;动身get on 上车;穿上;进步,使前进;成功;相处 get upon with 进步;在~~方面获得成功get one’s hand in 熟悉;习惯 get out of 由~~出来,从~~得出;避免;退休get over 越过;恢复,痊愈;克服;完成 get ready for 为~~作准备 get rid of 除去,去掉;免除,摆脱 get through 到达,完成,通过;及格 get together 积聚,积累;商谈,取得一致意见 get up 起床,起立;研究,钻研;致力于;安排,组织 get used to 习惯于 have got to do 不得不,必须 6. 以 give 为中心的词组 be given to 沉溺于,癖好 give about 分配;传播 give and take 相互迁就 give away 赠送;牺牲;泄露;颁发 give back 归还 give cause 给予~~的理由 give ear to 侧耳倾听 give forth 发出,放出;发表 give in 屈服,让步,投降 give in to 同意,接受;向~~让步 give off 发出(烟,气味) give oneself out to be/as 自称为 give oneself up to 专心于;向~~自首 give out 分发,公布 give place to 让位于,被~~所替代 give rise to 引起,导致;使~~发生 give sb. to understand 通知某人 give up 放弃;停止 give way to 让步,退却;屈服于 7. 以 look 为中心的词组 look about 四下环顾;查看 look after 照顾,看管 look around 东张西望 look at 注视,着眼于 look back 回顾 look for 寻找;期待,期望 look down on 俯视;轻视 look forward to 盼望,期待 look into 窥视;调查;浏览 look like 看起来象 look on 旁观;面向 look out 向外看;注意;当心,堤防 look over 从上面看过去;检查 look through 透过~~看去;看穿;浏览 6/8look up to 仰望,尊敬 8. 以 make 为中心的词组 be made from 由~~原料制成 be made of 由~~材料制成 be made up of 由~~组成 make a fool of 愚弄,欺骗 make a mistake 弄错 make a point of doing 强调;认为~~重要;决心,坚持 make advantages/use of 使用,利用 make after 追求,追赶 make believe 假装 make certain 确信,把~~弄清楚 make contact with 接通,与~~接触,与~~联系 make for 去向,向~~前进;有利于 make friends with 和~~交友 make into 把~~制成,使~~转变为make much of 重视;理解;赏识make one’s mind on sth. 决定某事make one’s own 当作自己的看待 make oneself at home 随便,别拘束 make out 填写;开支票;理解;辨认 make the best of 尽量利用;极为重视 make up 弥补,修理;赔偿,补偿;起草;编造;化装 make up to 接近,巴结;向~~求爱 make way for 为~~让路,让路于 on the make 急求成功;增加 9. 以 put 为中心的词组 put aside 把~~放在一边;搁置;排除 put away 把~~放好,把~~收拾, 把~~收起来;储藏;吃喝,吃掉 put back 把~~放回原处;驳回 put down 放下;镇压;制止;记下;削减;降落 put forward 提出;拨快;建议,推荐;提倡,倡议 put ~~ into 把~~放入;插入;翻译成 put off 推迟,延期;消除;推脱,推辞 put on 上演;穿上,带上put one’s heart into 全神贯注,专心致志 put up 举起,挂起;提名,推荐;陈列 put up with 忍受,容忍 10. 以 take 为中心的词组 be taken aback 吃惊 take a seat 就坐 take a shower 淋浴,洗澡 take aim 瞄准,设立目标 take away 拿走,减去;夺去 take ~~ by surprise 出奇制胜 take care of 当心,注意;照顾;提防;谨慎;处理,对付;负责 take ~~ for 把~~当作 7/8take off 脱去,除去;离开;起飞;模仿;起程;致死;复制,作副本;减弱take office 就职,上任take one’s place 就坐,入坐take one’s temperature 量体温 take part in 参与,参加 take place = happen 发生,举行 take the place of 代替 take pride in 以~~为荣,对~~骄傲 take sb. by the arm 拉某人的胳膊 take it easy 别着急,慢慢来11. 以 turn 为中心的词组 give a new turn to 对~~予以新的看法in one’s turn 轮到某人做某事 out of turn 不按次序的,不合适宜的take one’s turn to do 轮到做 turn a blind eye to 对~~视而不见 turn against 背叛,采取敌对态度 turn back 折回,往回走 turn down 折叠,翻下,驳回,拒绝考虑 turn into 走进;变成,变为 turn to ~~for help 求助于 turn off 关上(自来水,电器开关);解雇,辞退;避开(问题);制造;生产 turn on 打开(自来水,电器开关);反对;依靠,依赖,取决于turn one’s attention to 把注意力转向 turn out 培养;证明是;制成;实际情况是 turn out to be 原来是,证明是,结果是 turn over a new leaf 翻开新的一页,重新开始,改过自新turn (around 旋转,转过身来;改变意见;采取新政策 turn to 变成;着手于 turn upside down 颠倒过来,翻过来;使陷入混乱 8/8。
常见介词用法常见介词用法:1)at,in,on在……范围at (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在……附近,旁边”in (1)表示在大地方; (2)表示“在…范围之内”。
on 表示毗邻,接壤to 表示在……范围外,不强调是否接壤He arrived at the station at ten.He is sitting at the desk. He arrived in Shanghai yesterday. Jiangsu lies in the east of China.Russia live on the north of China.Fujian is to the south of Jiangsu Province.2)above, over, on 在……上above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直,与below相对;over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间,不直接接触。
on表示某物体上面并与之接触。
The bird is flying abovemy head.There is a bridge overthe river.He put his watch on the3)below, under 在……下面under表示在…正下方below表示在……下,不一定在正下方There is a cat under the table.Please write your name below the line.介词短语组织形式及实例:一、介词+名词形式第一组by accident 偶然on account of 因为,由于in addition 另外in addition to 除…… 之外in the air 在流行中,在传播中on (the/an) average 平均,一般来说on the basis of 根据,在…… 的基础上at (the) best 充其量,至多for the better 好转,改善on board 在船( 车、飞机) 上out of breath 喘不过气来on business 因公,因事in any case 无论如何,总之in case of 假使,万一in case 假如,以防( 万一) 免得in no case 决不第二组by chance 偶然,碰巧in charge (of) 负责,主管(a) round the clock 昼夜不停地in common 共用,共有,共同in conclusion 最后,总之on condition that 在…… 条件下in confidence 信任in connection with/to 关于in consequence 因此,结果in consequence of 由于…… 的缘故on the contrary 反之,正相反in contrast with/to与…… 成对照out of control 失去控制under control 被控制住at all costs 不惜任何代价at the cost of 以…… 为代价第三组in the course of 在……过程中,在…… 期间of course 当然,自然,无疑in danger 在危险中,垂危out of danger 脱离危险out of date 过期( 时)的up to date 时新的in debt 欠债in detail 详细地in difficulties 处境困难in the distance 在远处off duty 下班on duty 值班,上班on earth 究竟,到底at all events 无论如何in any event 无论如何in effect 有效;实际上第四组in the event of 万一,如果发生for example 例如with the exception of除…… 之外in the face of 面对,不顾,即使in fact 其实,实际上on fire 烧着on foot 步行in force 有效;实施中in favo(u)r of 有利于,赞成,支持in front of在…… 面前in (the) future 今后,将来on guard 警惕,防范in general 通常,大体上in half 成两半at hand 在手边,在附近from tip to toe 彻头彻尾,完全by hand 用手hand down to 往下传,传给( 后代)第五组hand in hand 手拉手,携手in hand 在掌握中,在控制中on hand 在手边,临近on (the) one hand... 一方面…… ,on the other hand... 另一方面……at heart 在内心;实质上by heart 牢记,凭记忆at home 在家,在国内;自在,自如in honor of 以纪念,向…… 表示敬意on one's honor 以名誉担保in a hurry 匆忙地,立即for instance 例如,举例说at intervals 不时,时时at last 最终,终于at least 至少,最低限度in the least 一点,丝毫第六组at length 终于,最后;详细地in the light of 按照,根据in line 成一直线,排成一行in line with 与…… 一致,按照at a loss 困惑,不知所措as a matter of fact 其实,事实上by all means 无论如何,必定by means of 借助于,用by no means 决不in memory of 纪念at the mercy of 在……支配下by mistake 错误地for a moment 片刻,一会儿in a moment 立刻,马上第七组in nature 本质上onoccasion 有时,不时in order 秩序井然,整齐in group to 以便,为了in group that 以便out of order 发生故障,失调on one's own 独自地,独立地in particular 特别地,尤其,详细地in the past 在过去,以往in person 亲自in place 在适当的位置in place of 代替in the first place 起初,首先in the last place 最后out of place 不得其所的,不适当的on the point 即将……的时候第八组to the point 切中要害,切题in practice 在实际中,实际上out of practice 久不练习in proportion to( 与……) 成比例的in public 公开地,当众for (the) purpose of 为on purpose 故意,有意with the purpose of 为了in question 正在考虑at random 随意地,任意地at any rate 无论如何,至少by reason of 由于as regards 关于,至于with/in regard to 对于,就…… 而论第九组in/with relation to 关系到with respect to 关于as a result 结果,因此as a result of 由于……的结果in return 作为报答,作为回报on the road 在旅途中as a rule 规章,规则;通常,照例in the long run 最终,从长远观点看for the sake of 为了……起见on sale 出售;贱卖on a large scale 大规模地on a small scale 小规模地in secret 秘密地,私下地in a sense 从某种意义上说in shape 处于良好状态on the side 作为兼职,额外第十组at first sight 乍一看,初看起来in sight 被看到,在望out of sight 看不见,在视野之外in spite of 不管,不顾;尽管,虽然on the spot 当场,在现场in step 同步,合拍out of step 步调不一致,不协调in stock 现有,备有in sum 总而言之in tears 流着泪,含泪,哭in terms of 依据,按照;用…… 措词for one thing 首先,一则on the second thoughts 经重新考虑,一转念at a time 每次,一次at no time 从不,决不at one time 同时,曾经,从前曾二、动词+名词形式第一组have/gain access to 可以获得take...into account 考虑gain/have an advantage over 胜过,优于pay the way for 为……铺平道路take advantage of 利用,趁…… 之机pay attention to 注意do/try one's best 尽力,努力get the best of 胜过make the best of 充分利用,妥善处理get the better of 打败,致胜catch one's breath 屏息,歇口气take care 小心,当心take care of 照顾,照料take a chance 冒险一试take charge of 担任,负责keep company with 与…… 交往,与……take delight in 以……为乐with delight 欣然,乐意地第二组make a/the difference有影响,很重要carry/bring into effect使生效,使起作用put into effect 实行,生效come/go into effect 生效,实施take effect 生效,起作用catch one's eye 引人注目keep an eye on 留意,照看make a face 做鬼脸find fault 埋怨,挑剔catch fire 着火come/go into force 生效,实施make friends 交朋友,友好相处be friends with 对…… 友好,与…… 交上朋友make fun of 取笑,嘲弄keep one's head 保持镇静lost one's head 不知所措第三组lose heart 丧失勇气,失去信心get/learn by heart 记住,背诵get hold of 抓住,掌握keep house 管理家务,做家务throw/cast light on 使明白,阐明bear/keep in mind 记住have in mind 记住,考虑到,想到make up one's mind 下决心come/go into operation 使投入生产,使运转put in order 整理,检修keep/hold pace with 跟上,与…… 同步play a part 起作用take place 发生,进行take the place of 代替come to the point 说到要点,扼要地说bring/carry into practice 实施,实行第四组make progress 进步,进展give rise to 引起,使发生make sense 讲得通,有意义catch the sight of 发现,突然看见(go) on the stage 当演员take one's time 不急不忙,从容进行keep in touch 保持联系keep track 通晓事态,注意动向lose track 失去联系make use of 利用put to use 使用,利用give way 让路,让步lead the way 带路,引路make one's way 前进,进行make way 让路,开路keep one's word 遵守诺言第五组act on 作用appeal to 呼吁,要求attempt at 企图,努力attitude to/towards 态度,看法a great/good deal of 大量( 的) ,许多( 的) influence on 影响interference in 干涉interference with 妨碍,打扰第六组introduce to 介绍a lot (of) 许多( 的) ,大量( 的)lots of 大量,很多fall in love with 相爱,爱上a matter of( 关于……) 的问题a number of 若干,许多reply to 回答,答复a series of 一系列,一连串英语常考词语固定搭配(四) 第七组trolley bus 电车I. D. card 身份证credit card 信用卡no doubt 无疑,必定next door 隔壁out of doors 在户外face to face 面对面地as matter of fact 实际情况,真相a few 有些,几个quite a few 还不少,有相当数目的a little 一点,稍微,一些,少许little by little 逐渐地quite a little 相当多,不少no matter 无论the moment (that) 一…… 就no more 不再第八组fair play 公平竞赛;公平对待in demand 有需要,销路好rest room 厕所,盥洗室primary school 小学side by side 肩并肩,一个挨一个heart and soul 全心全意step by step 逐步ahead of time 提前all the time 一直,始终once upon a time 从前once in a while 偶尔,有时no wonder 难怪,怪不得word for word 逐字地decline with thanks 婉言谢绝三、介词+介词形式第一组account for 说明( 原因等)aim at 瞄准,针对allow for 考虑到appeal to 呼吁,要求arrive at 达成,得出ask after 询问,问候ask for 请求,要求attach to 附属于,隶属于begin with 从开始break into 闯入break off 断绝,结束break through 突破break up 中止,结束;打碎,折断bring about 带来,造成bring down 打倒,挫伤;降低bring forth 产生,提上第二组bring forward 提出bring out 使出现;公布;出版bring up 教育,培养,使成长build up 积累;堵塞;树立,逐步建立;增进;锻炼call for 邀请;要求;需求call forth 唤起,引起;振作起,鼓起call off 放弃,取消catch at 抓住( 东西)call on/upon 访问,拜访;号召,呼吁call up 召集,动员;打电话care for 照管,关心;喜欢,意欲carry off 夺去carry on 继续下去;从事,经营carry out 贯彻,执行;实现come to 总计,达到;苏醒,复原count on 依靠;期待,指望count up 把…… 相加第三组cover up 掩饰,掩盖cut across 走捷径,抄近路deal with 处理,对付,安排do without 没有…… 也行fill in/out 填充,填写get at 得到,接近;意思是get into 进入,陷入go after 追求go into 进入;研究,调查go for 竭力想取得;喜爱;支持,拥护go through 经历,经受;详细检查go with 伴随,与…… 协调go without 没有…… 也行improve on 改进keep to 保持,坚持lie in 在于live up to 不辜负第四组live on/by 靠…… 生活,以…… 为食live through 度过,经受过look after 照管,照料look at 看望,注视look for 寻找,寻求look into 调查,观察,过问;窥视look over 检查,查看,调查look through 仔细查看,浏览,温习make for 走向,驶向;有助于occur to 被想到,被想起play with 以…… 为消遣,玩弄refer to 参考,查阅,涉及,提到run for 竞选run into 撞上,偶然碰见see to 注意,负责,照料,修理send for 派人去请,召唤;索取第五组send in 呈报,递交,送来serve as 作为,用作set aside 挑出,拨出,留出;拒绝sit for 参加stand by 支持,帮助;袖手旁观stand for 代替,代表,意味着stand against 反抗,抵抗stick to 坚持,忠于,信守take after 与…… 相像take for 把…… 认为是,把…… 看成是take in 接受,吸收;了解,理解take to 喜欢,亲近touch on 关系到,涉及turn into 变成turn to 变成;求助于,借助于turn off 关上;出产;解雇四、动词+介词形式第一组break down 损坏,分解,瓦解break in 闯入;打断,插嘴break out 逃出;突然发生,爆发bring to 使恢复知觉burn out 烧掉burn up 烧起来,旺起来;烧完catch on 理解,明白check in 办理登记手续check out 结账后离开;检验,核查check up (on) 校对,检查,检验cheer up 使高兴,使振奋clear away 扫除,收拾clear up 收拾;澄清;放晴make it clear that 弄清楚come off 实现,成功,奏效come on 请,来吧,快点;开始,出场,上演come out 出版;出现,显露;结果是第二组come round (around) 来访,前来;苏醒,复原come through 经历,脱险come up 走近,上来;发生,被提出cross out 删去,取消cut back 削减,减少cut down 削减,降低cut in( 汽车) 抢道;插嘴,打断cut off 切断;删去;停止cut out 删除cut short 突然停止die down 渐渐消失,平息die out 消失,灭绝draw in( 火车、汽车) 到站draw up 写上,画上;草拟;停住dress up 穿上盛装,打扮得很漂亮drop by/in 顺便来访dry out 干透,使干dry up 干涸,枯竭第三组drop off 减弱,减少drop out 退出,离队fall behind 落后fall out 争吵;结果是fall through 落空,失败feed in 输入find out 查明get across 解释清楚,使人了解get around/round 走动,旅行;( 消息) 传开get away 逃脱,离开get by 通过,经过get down 从…… 下来;写下get in 进入;收获,收集get off 从…… 下来;离开,动身,开始get over 克服;( 从病中)恢复过来get through 结束,完成;接通电话have got to (do) 不得不,必须第四组get together 集合,聚集get up 起床;增加,增强give away 泄露;分送give back 送还,恢复give in 交上;投降,屈服give off 放出,释放give out 分发,放出give up 停止,放弃go ahead 开始,前进;领先go by 过去go down 下降,降低;被载入,传下去go off 爆炸,发射;动身,离开go out 外出;熄灭go over 检查,审查;复习,重温go round/around 足够分配go under 下沉,沉没;失败;破产go through 通过,审查,完成第五组go up 上升,增加;建起hand down 流传下来,传给,往下传hand in 交上,递交hand on 传下来,依次传递hand out 分发,散发,发给hand over 交出,移交,让与hang about 闲荡,徘徊,逗留hang back 犹豫,踌躇,畏缩hang on 抓紧不放;继续下去hang up 挂断( 电话)have back 要回,收回have on 穿着,戴着hold back 踌躇,退缩;阻止,抑制hold on 继续,握住不放hold out 维持,支持;坚持,不屈服hold up 举起,阻挡,使停止;抢劫第六组hurry up( 使) 赶快,迅速完成keep back 阻止,阻挡;隐瞒,保留keep down 控制,压制,镇压;压低keep off 不接近,避开keep up 保持,维持;继续,坚持let down 放下,降低;使失望let in 让…… 进入,放…… 进来let off 放( 烟,烟火) ,开( 枪)let out 放掉,放出,发出line up 排队,使排成一行look back 回顾,回头看look out 留神,注意,提防,警惕look on 旁观,观看;看待,视作look up 查阅,查考;寻找( 某人)look in 顺便看望make out 辨认,区分;理解,了解make out of 用…… 做,从…… 得出第七组make up 构成,拼凑;弥补,赔偿;化装mix up 混淆,混合,搞糊涂pass away 去世,逝世pass off 中止,停止pass to 转到,讨论,传到pass out 失去知觉,昏倒pay back 偿还,回报pay off 还清( 债)pay down 即时交付,用现金支付pay up 全部付清第八组pick out 选出,挑出,拣出;辨认,辨别出pick up 拾起,( 偶然)得到;( 车船) 中途搭( 人) ,学会pull down 拆毁,拉倒;拉下,降低pull in( 车) 停下,进站,船( 到岸)pull off 脱( 帽、衣)pull on 穿,戴pull out 拔出,抽出;( 车、船) 驶出pull together 齐心协力pull up( 使) 停下put across 解释清楚,说明put aside 储存,保留put away 放好,收好;储存put down 记下,放下;镇压,平定put forward 提出put in 驶进put on 穿上,戴上;上演;增加( 体重)put out 熄灭,关( 灯) ;出版,发布;生产put right 改正( 错误) ,整理第九组put up 提起,举起,提( 价) ;为…… 提供食宿,投宿ring off 挂断电话rub out 擦掉,拭去run down 撞倒,撞沉;追捕,追查run off 复印,打印run over 略读,略述;辗过,浏览,匆匆复习see off 给…… 送行see through 看穿,识破;干完,干到底set back 推迟,延缓,阻碍set down 卸下,放下,记下,记入set forth 阐明,陈述set off 出发,动身;引起,使发生set out 陈列,显示;动身,起程;制定set up 创立,建立,树立;资助,扶持show in 领入show off 炫耀,卖弄第十组show up 使呈现,使醒目shut out 排除sit in 列席,旁听sit up 迟睡,熬夜speed up 使加速stand out 突出,显眼stand up 站起来,耐用step up 提高,加快,加紧step in 插入,介入stick out 伸出,突出;坚持到底,继续take away 消除;消耗take down 记下,写下take off 拿走,脱下;起飞take on 呈现;接纳,承担,从事take over 接管,接办take up 占据;开始;拿起,接收take up with 和…… 交往,忍受,采用初中英语常用介词短语列举:1)at once 立刻2)at last 最后3)at first 起先,首先4)at the age of…在……岁时5)at the end of… 在……之末6)at the beginning of…在……之初7)at the foot of… 在……脚下8)at the same time 同时9)at night/noon 在夜里/中午10)with one's help 在某人的帮助下,由于某人的帮助11)with the help of …在……的帮助下12)with a smile 面带笑容13)with one's own eyes 亲眼看见14)after a while 过了一会儿15)from now on 从现在起16)from then on 从那时起17)far example 例如18)far away from 远离19)from morning till night 从早到晚20)by and by 不久21)by air mail 寄航空邮件22)by bike/air/train/bus 骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车23)by ordinary mail 寄平信24)by the way 顺便说25)by the window 在窗边26)by the end of… 到……底为止27)little by little 逐渐地28)in all 总共29)in fact 事实上30)in one's twenties 在某人二十几岁时31)in a hurry 匆忙32)in the middle of 在……中间33)in no time (in a minute) 立刻,很快34)in time (on time) 及时35)in public 公众,公开地36)in order to 为了……37)in front of 在……前面38)in the sun 在阳光下39)in the end 最后,终于40)in surprise 惊奇地41)in turn 依次42)of course 当然43)a bit (of) 有一点儿44)a lot of 许多45)a little 一点儿46)on one's way to 某人在去……的路上47)on foot 步行,走路48)a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告49)on the other hand 另一方面50)at/on the weekend在周末51)on the left (right) 在左(右)边52)on the other side of在……另一边53)on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播)54)to one's joy 使……高兴的是55)to one's surprise 使……惊讶的是介词的用法口诀:早、午、晚要用in,at黎明、午夜、点与分。
UNIT 1 Happy Family LifePart 1 Warming Up1.Architect[英][ˈɑ:kɪtekt] [美][ˈɑrkɪˈtɛkt]n.建筑师,设计师; 创造者,缔造者; 造物主;复数:architects1.N-COUNT建筑师;设计师An architect is a person who designs buildings.2.N-COUNT(景观美化、铁路等大型项目的)规划者,设计者You can use architect to refer to a person who plans large projects such as landscaping or railways....Merrick Denton-Thompson, the landscape architect for Hampshire county council.梅里克·登顿-汤普森,汉普郡议会的园林设计师3.N-COUNT(想法、事件或组织的)发起者,创立者The architect of an idea, event, or institution is the person who invented it or made it happen....Russia's chief architect of economic reform.俄罗斯经济改革的总规划师2.Fatigue1.N-UNCOUNT疲惫;疲劳;疲倦Fatigue is a feeling of extreme physical or mental tiredness.She continued to have severe stomach cramps, aches, fatigue, and depression...她仍然患有严重的胃痉挛,感觉疼痛、疲乏、抑郁。
2.N-UNCOUNT疲劳;厌倦You can say that people are suffering from a particular kind of fatigue when they have been doing something for a long time and feel they can no longer continue to do it.passion fatigue caused by endless TV and celebrity appeals.没完没了的电视节目和名人呼吁而导致的同情心疲劳3.N-UNCOUNT(金属或木材的)疲劳Fatigue in metal or wood is a weakness in it that is caused by repeated stress. Fatigue can cause the metal or wood to break.The problem turned out to be metal fatigue in the fuselage.问题原来是飞机机身出现金属疲劳。
七年级英语下册新版人教新目标版Section A 第2课时(2a~3c)自主学习方案1.自学生词,并记住拼读及拼写。
2.预习课本找出重点短语及句子。
(见学案自学导练内容)3.读记后完成自学导练内容。
课堂导学方案Step1 情景导入展示图片,然后师生进行对话。
(最后利用多媒体课件)T:Is there a library near here?S:Yes,there is.T:Where is it?S:It’s on Green Street.T:Yes,it is on Green Street,and it’s across from the pay phone. Is there a hotel near here?S:Yes,there is.T:Where is it?S:It’s on Center Street.T:Yes,it is on Center Street,and it’s in front of the bank.环节说明:通过师生互动问答复习了上节课的内容,同时又引出了本节课要求掌握的介词短语。
Step 2完成教材2a—2c的任务1.大声朗读2a的句子并标出其中的介词短语识记。
(3分钟)2.认真观察图片,将句子和图片匹配,小组订正答案,完成2a。
(3分钟)3.识记方框中的表示方位的词或短语,然后认真听录音,完成选词填空,集体核对答案。
学生识记句型,体会表示方位的介词或介词短语的用法,完成 2b。
(3分钟)4.根据43页1a图片上的建筑物位置,仿照2c形式来练习对话。
两人一组,根据图片和提示,自编对话,注意交换角色。
(5分钟)5.小结训练。
(3分钟)用介词填空:(1)The library is across from the bank.(2)The bank is between the supermarket and the hospital.(3)My house is on that small street.(4)The restaurant is next to the park.(5)There is a beautiful park in front of the bank.环节说明:通过2a的学习让学生了解介词短语的用法,通过2b、2c的学习有助于提高学生的听力和口语能力。
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解专题五介词与介词短语一、介词的句法功能1.作定语The key to the door is missing.2.作状语Her eyes were tired from long reading.3.作表语Japan is to the cast of China.4.作宾语补足语Make yourself at home.二.介词的宾语易错点名词、代词Don't forget to turn off the lights before leaving your classroom.Don't hide behind others.数词There was only one piece of cake, but we can cut it into two.The students began to show up by twos and threes.When we went in,we found his room at sixes and sevens.形容词、副词Her pronunciation is far from perfect. His uncle is from abroad. 动词-ing形式I succeeded in passing the driving test.On arriving in Venice, we knew that it was a city of water.动词不定式The plane is about to take off.宾语从句She got very angry because of what he had said.I am thinking of how I shall do more for the people.疑问词+ 不定式短语Marx gave us some advice on how to learn foreign languages. They are discussing how to sell the goods elsewhere.动词原形His father had nothing to do all day except play cards.介词短语The boy jumped from behind the door. The ball rolled out from under the table.三.介词的省略用法易错点1.of的省略The two girls are(of) the same age.2.from的省略Nobody can prevent us(from)getting married. You must stop her(from)telling such lies.3.in 的省略He spends nearly half of his monthly income(in)buying books.He wasted time(in)doing nothing.4.on的省略Keep(on)talking amongst yourselves.I'll be back in a minute.四.常用介词的用法比较集锦1.表示时间in/after in十时间段:一般用于将来时after+时间段:一般用于过去时He'll be back in a week. 他一周后回来。
英语常见介词短语(菁选4篇常用英语介词短语篇一1)at once 立刻2)at last 最后3)at first 起先,首先4)at the age of… 在……岁时5)at the end of… 在……之末6)at the beginning of… 在……之初7)at the foot of… 在……脚下8)at the same time 同时9)at night/noon 在夜里/中午10)be good at 擅长于11) at the top of 在……顶部12)be mad at 对……生气13)laugh at嘲笑14)at night在晚上15)at noon在中午16)be surprised at对……感到惊奇/诧异17)at least至少18)arrived at 到达(小地方)19)at dawn 在黎明20)point at 指着21)at a low price 以低价的22)at a high price 以高价的23)at the moment 此时此刻24)at that time 在那时25)at birth 出生26)at the same time 与此同时27)at home 在家28)at most 最后29) at one time 从前30)at sea 在海上英语常见介词短语篇二1. 表示次序和时间:first(ly), first of all, in the first place, first and foremost 首先second(ly), in the second place, next第二third(ly), then, in the third place第三finally, eventually, last of all, lastly, last but not the least 最后meanwhile=in the meantime(同时), gradually =step by step(逐渐地), in the future, in the past, recently (最近), presently, currently(目前), for the time being (暂时)on the one hand (一方面)…on the other hand (另一方面)before , since, as, until, at the moment, whenever, , just as, when, while, immediately, instantly, (一……就), as soon as2. 表示程度和附加severely=seriously, heavily, strongly,possibly=perhaps=maybe=probably, likely, obviously (显而易见),apparently, seemingly (好像), as well, may as well (不妨),rarely, hardly, seldom, also, in addition, addit ionally, furthermore, moreover, besides, what’s more, except for, except when, except that, apart from, as well as, as mentioned above (earlier)(如上所诉), including3. 表示相似或相反similarly, in the same way, as well as, again, both, neither,although, be that as it may (即使如此,尽管那样), but, even though, however, in contrast, nevertheless, on the contrary (相反),on the other hand, yet, in spite of, despite, in spite of the fact that, while, whereas (但是,然而), in other words, it seems that, it appears that, otherwise, notwithstanding4. 表示总结和结束to conclude, to sum up, all in all, in conclusion, in summary, in a word, in brief, on the whole, in general, by and large (总的。
Step 2 介词详解考点归纳介词是表示它后面的名词、代词、短语、从句等与句子其他成分的关系的词。
在句子中它不能单独使用,只能由名词、代词、数词、动名词等构成的介词短语作句子的成分。
介词分为简单介词、复合介词、双重介词、短语介词和分词介词五种类型。
介词后常用人称代词宾格和动词-ing形式。
1.介词种类(1) 简单介词,常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for, to, without等。
(2) 复合介词,如because of, in front of, instead of, by means of, along with等。
2.介词和其他词类的习惯搭配(1) 和动词的搭配,如listen to,laugh at,get to,look for,wait for,hear from,turn on,think of, look after, spend…on. look forward to, agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, take care of, try on等。
(2) 和形容词的搭配,如be interested in,be afraid of,be angry with,be different from,be late for, be full of, be sorry for, be good at等。
(3) 和名词的搭配,如answer to,key to,reason for,cause of,pay a visit to,with pleasure,on one's way to, in trouble, at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等。
3.方位介词上面:on(表面紧贴);over(正上方);above(抽象意义的上方)下面:under(正下面,正下方);below(抽象意义的下方)前面:in front of(在外部的前面);in the front of在内部的前面)穿过:across(从平面上);through(从空间中)在……的北方:in the north of(小行政区在大行政区的北部);on the north of(同等行政区接壤);to the north of(同等行政区不接壤)4.时间介词at,on,inin: 后面加时间段。
如:年in 2008,月in August,季节in spring,上午in the morning,晚上in the evening,下午in the afternoonon: 后面加某一天。
如:星期on Sunday,节日on Teachers' Day,前夜on the eve。
特别要注意的是当morning,afternoon,evening等有修饰成分的时候,表示特定一天的早上、下午和晚上所以也用on,例如:on a cold morning, on the afternoon of Teachers' Dayat: 后面加时间点。
如:时刻at 8:20,正午at noon,午夜at midnight。
另外有一些固定搭配:at the moment, at last, at first, at times, at once, at this time of the year, at the beginning of, at the end of this month, at the same time.注意:在表示时间的结构中,下列情况下一般不用介词。
词组里有:next,last,this,that, tomorrow, yesterday, one, every, all, tonight 以及the day before yesterday和the day after tomorrow前不用介词。
介词during和in后面都可以加一段时间,例如:during 3 days,in three days。
但是前者表示三天内,而后者表示3天后,这是考试时容易考到的难点,同学们要特别留心。
5.其他介词(1)by:表示用……方法,通过……人,可加交通工具bus,car,bike等,中间不加冠词;也可加动名词I learned a lot by making things.我通过做东西学到了很多。
(2) with: 表示“有着……,带着……,伴随着……”。
例如:He went out with a big smile.他面带笑容走了出去。
但当with表示“用”时要和in区别开来:with指“用工具、手、口等”,而in则指“用语言、话语、声音等”。
(3) like: 注意这里它可不是动词,它的意思是“像……一样”。
例如:You look like your father.你很像你爸爸。
(4) along,around,about:这三个单词长相相近都以a开头,along表示沿着,around表示绕着,about表示关于,大约。
(5) between,among(表位置)between仅用于两者之间,但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时,也用between,如The village lies between three hills.among用于三者或三者以上之间。
(6) across:(表面)跨过;through:(内部)穿过,贯穿(介词)。
(7) in the tree, on the treein the tree指动物或人在树上;而on the tree指果实、树叶长在树上。
(8) on the way, in the way, by the way, in this wayon the way指在路上;in the way指挡道by the way指顺便问一句;in this way用这样的方法。
(9) in the corner, at the cornerin the corner指在拐角内;at the corner指在拐角外。
6. 常见短语中介词的搭配考题精讲【例1】It happened ________ the morning ________ September 10, 2008.A. in; onB. on; ofC. in; ofD. on; in【解析】此题是考查时间介词的用法。
泛指“在早晨(上午、下午、晚上)”等情况时,常表达为in the morning/afternoon/evening,但如果指具体某一天的早晨、上午、下午或晚上,则不用介词in,而要用介词on。
答案:B。
【例2】The foreigners arrived ________ Shanghai late ________ night.A. at; atB. in; atC. in; inD. at; in【解析】此题是考查介词与其他词之间的搭配用法。
动词arrive常可与介词at或in搭配,意为“到达某地”,at后常接小地点,而in后常接大地方,且大小是相对的,这要根据具体的情况来确定。
此句中Shanghai属大地点,应用in。
与night搭配的是介词at,构成at night。
答案:B。
【例3】Mr. Smith is busy ________ some important work in his office now。
A. atB. forC. toD. with【解析】本题是考查介词与形容词间的固定搭配用法be busy with sth。
【例4】My father goes to work ________ his car.A. byB. inC. onD. off【解析】by,in,on都可以表示方式,后接交通工具的名词。
但by一般后面直接跟交通工具名词,不加任何的修饰词;表示“在……车里”不常用on。
因此只有B是正确答案。
练一练1. Simon was born in Thailand ________ July 4th, 1995.A. atB. inC. onD. from2. He retuned home ________ America last month, and he will leave ________ England tomorrow.A. to; fromB. from; toC. for; toD. from; for3. — Did you have breakfast this morning?— No, I got up late and went to school ________ breakfast.A. forB. inC. withoutD. after4. ________ the help of the teacher and his parents, he became a good student.A. UnderB. OnC. WithD. By5. Our country provides the poor in Africa ________ a lot of useful things.A. withB. forC. toD. by6. Mary cooked dinner ________ her parents while they were cleaning the yard.A. withB. forC. toD. by7. After class, I like playing computer games and chatting ________ my friends ________ the Internet.A. to; byB. with; onC. for; inD. about; through8. Doctor Bethune was famous ________ his kindness to the sick and wounded soldiers.A. asB. ofC. forD. to9. ________, I found a wallet ________ on the ground.A. On my way to home; lieB. On my way home; lyingC. On I way home; layD. On my way to school; lain10. The train leaves ________ 10:20 ________ every day.A. in; /B. at; onC. at; /D. at; in1-5 ADAAB 6-10 CCACB。