2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破-非谓语动词(含答案解析)

专题15 非谓语动词单选题和填空题---备战2023年中考英语精选考点专项突破题集（解析版）一、单选题1.(2022四川遂宁)3．—The art festival is coming. It’s a good chance to show ourselves.—You are very good at ________. And you will be the most popular star.A．singing B．sing C．to sing D．sang【答案】A【解析】句意：——艺术节要来了。

这是一个展示自己的好机会。

——你很会唱歌。

你将成为最受欢迎的明星。

考查非谓语动词。

be good at doing sth.“擅长做某事”，动名词作宾语。

故选A。

2.(2022重庆A)6．Mr. Brown told his son not ________ the paintings in the museum.A．touch B．to touch C．touching D．touched【答案】B【解析】句意：布朗先生告诉他的儿子不要碰博物馆里的画。

考查非谓语动词。

tell sb (not) to do sth表示“告诉某人（不）要做某事”，动词不定式作宾补，故选B。

3.(2022重庆B)6．The new year is coming. Teachers encourage us ________ new hobbies.A．develop B．developing C．to develop D．developed【答案】C【解析】句意：新的一年就要来了。

老师鼓励我们培养新的爱好。

考查非谓语动词。

encourage sb to do s th“鼓励某人做某事”，使用动词不定式作宾语补足语，故选C。

4.(2022四川泸州)5．As teenagers, we are not allowed ________ mobile phones into school so that we can focus on our schoolwork.A．bring B．to bring C．bringing D．brought【答案】B【解析】句意：作为青少年，我们不允许把手机带进学校，这样我们就可以集中精力学习。

中考英语一轮复习专题知识梳理及练习—非谓语（含解析）非谓语的三种形式一、不定式to do1.不定式结构作主语To see is to believe.It is better to see something once than to hear about it a hundred times.百闻不如一见。

a.在很多情况下，特别是在口语中，常采用先行it代替主语，而把不定式后置：It’s a great pleasure to be here.It is not an easy thing to master a language.★区分用法★1)直接用不定式做主语的句子显得更加正式。

2)如主语和表语都是to do，则只能采用第一种形式。

对敌人仁慈就是对人民残忍。

To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.3)如是疑问句或感叹句，则只能采用第二种形式。

如：What is it like to be there?What a joy it was to read Barak’s book!b.用It is+形容词作表语时，由于逻辑主语不同导致的for和of的区别。

(1)for sb.句型中的形容词一般为表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如：difficult,interesting,easy,impossible等。

.(2)of sb.句型中的形容词一般为表示性格、品德、心智能力，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如：good,kind,nice,clever,foolish等。

★小试身手★1)To be fond of dancing was a certain step towards falling in love.喜欢跳舞是谈情说爱的一个步骤。

2)对他来说，学两门外语是很困难的。

It’s very difficult for him to learn two languages.3)你能这么说很有礼貌。

非谓语动词中考考点 1．动词不定式作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语的用法。

2．动名词的用法。

3．现在分词和过去分词的用法。

优培孚奥动词不定式：知识点1:常用动词不定式作宾语的情况英语中常用动词不定式作宾语的一般有以下几种情况：(1) 在动词want，hope，would like，decide，wish，like等后常跟动词不定式作宾语。

How I wish to see my old friends again! 我是多么想再见到我的老朋友啊!I really like to watch football matches.我非常喜欢看足球赛！(2) 在find/feel+ it+形容词+to do sth 句型中，it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式。

I find it necessary to look into the world. 我发现放眼世界很有必要。

(3)有些动词，如tell, ask ，advise, show ，teach ．forget, remember ，see, wonder ，find out ，decide ，discuss 等，后面常用带连接词的动词不定式作宾语。

I don't know what to do.我不知道怎么办。

Let's discuss where to go first.咱们讨论一下先去哪里 【典型例题】1. The classroom was so dirty. I decided___________. A. clean it up B. to clean it upC. clean up it【参考答案】B【思路解析】题意：教室真脏，我决定打扫一下。

“决定做某事”是decide to do sth ；clean up 意为“打扫”若宾语是代词，需将其放在动词和副词之间，所以答案选B 。

知识点2：动词不定式作宾语补足语时to 何时该省略某些动词后面要求跟不带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语，这种情况主要有以下三类：(1) 感官动词see ，hear ，watch ，look at, listen to, feel ，notice 等， (2) 使役动词make ，let ，have 等；(3) 固定搭配及句型中接不带to 的不定式做宾补．why not (do sth.)．had better (do sth.)，would rather (do sth), Will/Would you please( do sth.).【典型例题】1. ---I'm very tired these days because of studying physics. ---Why not___________ music. It can make you___________.奥孚培优A. listen to; relaxingB. to listen to; to relaxC. listening to; relaxD. listen to;relax【参考答案】D【思路解析】题意：“最近因为学物理，我很累。

中考英语一轮复习—非谓语动词考点聚焦精讲及训练（含解析）不充当句子谓语的动词叫做非谓语动词。

它们不受主语限制，无时态与语态变化，又称非限定性动词。

非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种形式；其中分词又包含现在分词和过去分词两种形式。

1、动词不定式动词不定式的基本形式为：“to+动词原形”，有些动词可以不用to，这里的to为不定式符号，本身无词义；不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语，但能保持动词的特点。

动词不定式可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语，初中阶段应该掌握的是不定式作宾语、宾语补足语及目的状语的用法。

（1）动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语置于句末，这样可使主语不至显得太长，避免头重脚轻的现象。

动词不定式作主语的基本结构是：It+be+形容词(+for/of sb)+to do sth..To learn English well is not easy.=It is not easy to learn English well.学好英语不容易。

1.It’s easy(for me)to do that.我做这事太容易了。

2.It’s difficult for Jim to learn Chinese well.对于吉姆来说学好中文是困难的。

3.It’s important for us to protect the environment.保护环境对于我们来说是重要的。

1.It’s very kind of him to help us.他帮助我们，他真好。

2.It’s very nice of you to help me.你来帮助我，你真是太好了。

1.It’s our duty to take good care of the old.2.It took me half an hour to walk there.我走到那儿花了半小时的时间。

专项复习提纲——非谓语动词定义：非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，包括不定式(to do)，动名词(doing)和分词(现在分词doing和过去分词done)。

非谓语动词不能独立作谓语，但可以承担句子的其他成分，如主语、宾语、状语等。

一、to do 否定式: not to do1.作主语: To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.to do短语作主语时，为保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语。

It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.常用句式有: ①It takes sb. 时间to do. ②It+be+adj.(of/for sb.)+to do.2.作表语:One's job/task/purpose/dream/wish/plan/ is to do...Her job is to help people with eye problems.Our purpose is to teach students rules for eating.最高级:The most important thing is not to win a gold or a silver, but to take part.序数词: The first thing is to clean up your study.3.作宾语:▲+to do做宾语的动词want hope wish offer fail happen plan learn try forget decide →to . do sthhelp agree manage prefer like begin expect need choose promise...▲如果to do(宾语)后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语find/think/believe/make+ it+ adi.. to doI find it difficult to work with him. Wearing red makes it easier to take action.▲to do 可与疑问词连用(why 除外)I wonder what to do with the problem.4. 作宾语补足语：▲v+sb.+to do (to do 作宾语补足语)want wish ask tell order invite needhelp advise allow cause force wait for +sb.+to do sth▲有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear等与do连用,但改被动语态时,改为to doI often hear him sing in the park.→ He is often heard to sing in the park by me.5.作定语:名词/代词+to do, 有以下关系:①动宾关系: I have a meeting to attend.注意：to do 为vi时，修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等，要加介词He found a good house, to live in. The child has nothing to worry about.如果不定式修饰place 可省略介词He has no place to live (in).注意:如果中心词是adv, 不定式后无介词Pandas may have nowhere to live.注意:动宾关系不用被动The problem. is difficult to work out.②同位关系(不定式与所修饰的名词是一回事):We have made a plan to learn from Lei Feng.③主谓关系:She is always the last (person) to speak at the meeting.6.作状语:①表目的:What can we do to improve our study?②表结果(往往与预期愿望相反的结果)，常放在only后。

2023中考一轮复习语法知识专项突破专题09 非谓语动词【知识突破】1.动词的非谓语形式包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种形式；其中分词又包含现在分词和过去分词两种形式。

它们在句子中不能单独作谓语。

2.动词不定式①形式：动词不定式基本形式由“不定式记号to+动词原形”构成。

它的否定形式只要在“to”前面加上“not”。

它的疑问形式是：“wh-疑问词+to+动词原形”。

*它的被动形式：“to be +过去分词”。

*它的完成形式：“to have +过去分词”。

②动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,即可以在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。

但不定式也保留动词的某些特征,即不定式后面可以跟宾语、表语和状语。

动词不定式加上相关成分就构成不定式短语。

③动词不定式可以放在谓语前句子作主语。

但是通常将作主语的动词不定式或不定式短语放在谓语后面,而在主语位置用“it”作形式主语(有时在不定式的前面还会用for sb.表示不定式的逻辑主语)。

如：To help animals is helping people.(帮助动物就是帮助人)/ It is very difficult (for us) to learn Chinese well.((对于我们而言)学好汉语是非常的困难)/ It took me half an hour to work out this problem.(解出这道题花了我一个小时的时间)④动词不定式可以作谓语动词(及物动词)的宾语。

[A] 及物动词+不定式一般形式：I would like to have a rest at the moment./ They began tosearch the room for the thief.(他们开始在屋子里搜寻小偷)/ He liked to have a swim in the pool near his house.(他喜爱在靠家的水塘里面游泳)/ When did you learn to speak English?(你什么时候开始学英语的？)/ Don’t forget to close the door when you leave.(你离开时别忘了关门[比较] He forgot to turn off the light.(他忘了关灯.) (没关)/ He forgot turning off the light.(他忘记关过灯.)(关了) /Please remember to ring me up.(记得给我打电话.)(还没打电话) / I remember calling you yesterday but you forgot.(我记得昨天给你打电话了,但是你忘记了.)(打过电话)[B] 及物动词+疑问词+不定式：He does not know which one to take./ Tell me how to get to the station.(告诉我怎么样去火车站)/ She asked me what to do for today’s homework.(她问我今天家庭作业做什么)/ Can you teach me how to search the internet?(你能教我怎样上网吗？)[C] 不定式作宾语而后面又有宾语补足语时,通常用it代替作形式宾语,而不定式则后置。

2023年学校英语语法学习之非谓语动词用法解析与练习稳固1.概念和功能：做非谓语成分(主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补)的动词形式，包括ing分词，不定式和ed分词。

2.非谓语动词使用条件：一个简洁句里只能有一个谓语动词，是主要动作;假如还需要用动词，那么只能用非谓语动词作其它成分，表示次要动作(假如一个句子里面有两个或两个以上的谓语动词，必定各自有自己的主语，每一套主谓结构实际就是一个小简洁句，每两个小简洁句之间应当有连词来表达它们之间的规律关系，这样的大句子就不是简洁句，而是简单句了)。

3.各种非谓语动词的形式和意义(时间含义和时态)：1)不定式：(1)to do:A.意义：多表后时，后于主要动作(一般为谓语动作)发生;少数动词表示和主要动作相比是一个常态或者常常发生或者是一个泛指动作;多表示主动关系，少数表示和相关名词或代词有动宾关系B.句法功能：可作除谓语之外的任何成分(主，宾，表，定，状，宾补)C.例句：To be a teacher is my dream. (主)I don’t want to drink.(宾)Her intention is to advocate foreign language study.(表)I am advertising for a young woman to look after my baby.(定，主动关系)She has nobody to talk with.(定，动宾关系)She worked day and night to work out asolution.(状)Parents expect their children to succeed.(宾补)(2)to be done:A.意义：时间关系同to do;表示被动关系B.句法功能：同to do.C.例句: It’s nothing funny to be called a liar..(主,泛指动作)I don’t want to be made to eat dog food.(宾)My dream is to be accepted by Oxford University.(表)The meeting to be held is about environmental protection. (定)To be protected by the police, she has to report to them about her situation. (状) The children wanted their efforts to be appreciated.(宾补)(3)to be doing / to have done / to have been done / to have been doing:A.意义：与主要动作完全同时(正在进行);主动关系/先于主要动作发生;主动关系/先于主要动作发生;被动关系/在主要动作之前开头始终连续到主要动作或者在主要动作之前某一点时刻正在发生;主动关系B.句法功能：这四种形式的不定式一般只和固定搭配中使用，如：seem/appear/pretend/be likely/be said/bethought/be considered/ be reported/be believed /be supposed / turn out /mean/intend等+不定式C.例句：They pretended to be fighting when the police passed by. = They pretended that they were fighting…They are said to have cloned animals before. = It’s said that they have cloned…She is likely to have been trained as a zoo keeper. = It’s likely that she was trained as a zoo keeper.She is reported to have been working on the plan these days. = It’s reported that she has been working on…2)–ing分词(1)doingA.意义：与主要动作相比是同时关系，有时候表示是一个泛指动作;主动关系(表示泛指动作时是动作发出者是泛指的任何人)B.句法功能：可作除谓语之外的任何成分(主，宾，表，定，状，宾补)C.例句：Praising children can work better than criticizing them.(主/宾，泛指动作) Teachers enjoy pointing out their students’mistakes. (宾) Seeing is believing.(主/表，泛指动作) scientists pushing ahead with the research(定) Using up the Earth’s coal and oil reserves, the human race has to find alternative energy.(状) Keep the ball rolling(宾补)(2)being doneA.意义：时间关系同doing。

英语中考专项非谓语动词一：非谓语动词（Nonfinite verbs）是指在句子中不作为谓语动词使用的动词形式。

它们不表示时间、人称和数的变化，也不能独立充当主语，而是在句子中充当其他成分，例如名词的修饰语、定语、状语等。

构成：（to）+动词原形动词不定式非在句中的作用（除谓语动词外的任何成谓）构成：语动名词动用法（主、宾、表、定）词构成：V. ing / V.ed（规则变化）分词用法（表、补、定、状）常见的非谓语动词形式有：1. 不定式（Infinitive）：以"to"开头的动词形式，如"to eat" （吃），"to go" （去），"to study" （学习）等。

作主语：To learn new things is important.（学习新事物是重要的。

）作宾语：I want to visit my grandparents.（我想去拜访我的祖父母。

）2. 动名词（Gerund）：以"ing"结尾的动词形式，如"eating"（吃）、"going"（去）、"studying"（学习）等。

作主语：Eating healthy food is good for your body.（吃健康食物对身体有益。

）作宾语：I enjoy swimming in the sea.（我喜欢在海里游泳。

）3. 分词（Participle）：根据时态的不同可以分为现在分词（Present Participle）和过去分词（Past Participle）。

现在分词以"ing"结尾，过去分词通常以"ed"、"en"等形式结尾。

现在分词作定语：The running water is very refreshing.（流动的水非常清爽。