华东师大历年考博英语真题

2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.翻译题As soon as a woman has caught her man, she “gives up her career for love”一or, at least, that is what she will tell him. He could hardly be flattered by the thought that she had been saved in the nick of time from having to sweat her way through examinations, but he would much rather get drunk on the idea of the love 4【答案】女人一旦捕获了自己的男人，便会“为了爱情而放弃事业”，或者，至少她会对男人如是说。

虽说他大概不会既得意洋洋地认为，是他在紧要关头救了她，使她免受考试的煎熬，但他却宁愿陶醉于爱情“无法折衷”的想法，而这种想法是她故意装作对她才有的想法。

他甚至认为，也许她本来可以成为一名著名的外科医生或出色的新闻记者，而她却为了自己放弃了所有的一切。

但他永远不会想到，她更愿意当一个著名外科医生的太太，既不用上班，也不用承担责任，就能享有他那样的收入和地位。

因此，为了弥补她所做出的巨大牺牲，他决心让她在自己的身边过上舒舒服服的曰子。

2.单选题This young man,（）with a craving for materialistic gratification, cares about nothing but money.问题1选项A.obsessedB.negotiatedpromisedD.provided【答案】A【解析】动词辨析题。

obsessed with沉迷于；negotiated with与…协商；compromised with向（某人）妥协；provided with给…提供。

华东师范大学2006年招收攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题考试科目：英语Paper One注意：答案请做在答题卡上，做在试题上一律无效Part I Vocabulary and Structure (20%)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line throughthe center.1. Police believe that many burglars are amateurs who would flee if an alarm sounded orlights .A. came outB. came onC. came toD. came down2. Mr. Jenkins drove along at his usual high speed for police cars in his mirrorfrom time to time to make sure he was safe.A. pulling outB. running throughC. going aheadD. watching out3. Miss Tracy moved to New York in the early 1960s, apparently to escape jealous friendswho were becoming increasingly of her success.A. delightfulB. gracefulC. resentfulD. respectful4. In theory, governments are free to set their own economic policies; in practice, theymust conform to a global economic model or risk being by the market.A. replacedB. overlookedC. saturatedD. penalized5. Mrs. Black finds that her piano has always had the magic power of taking her awayfrom the grim realities of daily life and her to fairyland of her own once she started to play.A. transformingB. transportingC. transplantingD. transcending6. It is hard to think of a field in which it is not important to what is likelyto happen and act accordingly.A. look outB. figure outC. turn outD. point out7. At about the same time, some black Christians walked in protest out of churches wherethey were forced to worship in sections.A. segregatedB. sustainedC. connectedD. engaged8. San Francisco climbs and falls over numerous hills, which provides views of thewide bay and the Golden Gate Bridge.A. flashyB. transientC. breathtakingD. ambiguous9. Martin Luther King, Jr. persuaded his followers to bring the of the AmericanNegroes to the attention of the United Nations, but they did not act very effectively.A. conspiracyB. pledgeC. plightD. compulsion10. Even though strong evidence has proved the nicotine to be , the tobacco companystill insists that its products are harmless.A. solubleB. deficientC. addictiveD. skeptical11. Prof. Flynn found no students in the lecture hall when he arrived. Only then did he realizethat he came early.A. too muchB. so muchC. much tooD. much so12. I wanted to be sure a sudden emergency that we gave the right advice.A. on account ofB. in case ofC. at the risk ofD. in spite of13. in India, the banana was brought to the Americas by the Portuguese who foundit in Africa.A. Originally cultivatedB. Having originally cultivatedC. Originally being cultivatedD.Although it originally cultivated14. It was the end of my exhausting first day as a waitress, and I really appreciatedtime to relax.A. to haveB. havingC. to have hadD. of having15. We’ve just installed central heating, should make a tremendous difference tothe house next winter.A. whatB. thatC. itD. which16. So fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.A.has light traveledB.light travelsC.does light travelD.travels light17. she was living in Paris that she met her husband Terry.A. Just whenB. It was whileC. Soon afterD. During the time when18. While crossing the mountain areas, all the men had guns for protection lest theyby the local bandits.A. be attackedB. must be attackedC. were attackedD.would be attacked19. The police chief announced that the deaths of two young girls would soon be inquired .A. aboutB. ofC. intoD. after20. They were more than glad to leave their cars parked and walked a change.A. asB. forC. toD. byPart II Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet I with a single line through the center.(1)When the brash British raider Sir James Goldsmith calculated that U. S. timberland was a tempting prize, he launched a $500-million bid to take over San Francisco’s Crown Zellerbach paper company in order to grab the corporation’s vast forests. As a result, Goldsmith owns 1.9 million acres of forests in Washington State, Oregon, Mississippi and Louisiana.The United States seems to have become a country for sale. Foreign ownership in the United States, including everything from real estate to securities, rose to a remarkable $ 1.33 trillion last year, up 25.5 percent from the previous year. Foreign investors now own 46 percent of the commercial real estate in downtown Los Angeles, 39 percent in downtown Houston, 32 percent in downtown Minneapolis and 21 percent in downtown Manhattan.Esteemed U. S. corporate nameplates have been changing citizenship at a rapid clip. Smith & Wesson handguns have gone to the British. General Electric television sets have been bought by the French, Carnation foods by the Swiss, General Tire by the West Germans.In fact, the question of what is truly America has become befuddling. The British, who burned Washington in 1814, have built or bought an estimated $773 million in District of Columbia property, including ownership of the famed Watergate complex. And what about breakfast (or a diamond ring) at Tiffany, or drinks in the cultured atmosphere of Manhattan’s Algonquin Hotel? Those vintage landmark buildings are now Japanese possessions.The reasons for the rush to buy are abundantly clear. The U. S. dollar has plunged more than 50 percent in value during the past three years against such major foreign currencies as the Japanese yen, the West German mark and the British pound. The result is that everything with a dollar-denominated price tag has looked like a tremendous steal to holders of stronger currencies.Japanese bargain shoppers increasingly cover neglected American gambling casinos. In April last year, Ginji Yasuda, a Korean-born Japanese, bought the 1100-room Aladdin Hotel & Casino in Las Vegas for $ 54 million and reopened it after spending another $30 million to restore its glitzy décor. Says Yasuda: “You have a lot of dreams still available in this country that you don’t have in Japan.” He plans to shuttle customers from Japan in a posh jet equipped with sleeping cabins.Wile the Japanese have largely shied away from takeovers of major U. S. industrialcorporations, at least partly in fear of a public relations backlash, the least inhibited bidders have been the British. They committed more than $27 billions last year to U. S. takeovers.21. Sir James Goldsmith owns vast forests in the United States because .A. he is a relentless raiderB. he has been awarded a grand prizeC. he has taken over a U. S. paper companyD. he has a number of corporations in Washington State22. Foreign ownership of the commercial real estate in downtown Los Angeles was 14 percentmore than it was .A. in downtown San FranciscoB. in downtown HoustonC. in downtown ManhattanD. in downtown Minneapolis23. In the United States, the British have already come into possession of .A. the Watergate complex and General TireB. General Electric and General TireC. Manhattan’s Algonquin Hotel and the Watergate complexD. Smith & Wesson and the Watergate complex24. Judging from the context the phrase “a tremendous steal” in Paragraph 5 means.A. something extremely cheapB. something too expensiveC. something worth buyingD. something dangerous but profitable25. According to the passage, the Japanese investors .A. have been slow in making large investments in land in the United StatesB. have showed more interest in US major industrial corporations than in gambling housesC. are not so bold as the British in taking over major US industrial corporationsD. have proved themselves the least inhibited bidders in the United States(2)Ever since the Industrial Revolution brought workers from small shops into factories, supervision have been required. Only during the last hundred years, however, has industrial management grown into a highly organized set of modern methods for achieving efficiency. Thus, management is a new human history, and it has already become vitally important for the success of all kinds of businesses and of national economies.Efficiency means getting results with the least possible waste of time, effort, and money. Therefore, efficiency is the aim of all management, both puplic and private. In private business, efficiency can be measured by profit, the surplus of income over expenditures.The manager’s a job, then, is to get people to do things efficiently. The top manager manages other managers, chooses and trains them, plans their operations, and checks the results. All managers have practical complex problems, but they utilize methods based on a growing body of knowledge. Shop managers carry out time and motion studies to improve workers’efficiency, and foremen give on-the-job training to workers. Industrial managers employ specialists to keep machines working properly and to ensure the supply of spare parts. The flow of work is supervised to avoid any unplanned idleness of workers of equipment. Each step in manufacturing is planned in detail, and the cost of each step is carefully calculated. Supervisors consult experts regularly in order to master new techniques. Personnel managers have learned to obtain greater efficiency from workers by providing rest periods and by improving morale through better heating, lighting, safety devices, cafeterias, and recreation facilities – even when these have not been demanded by labor unions. The use of modern electronic devices had led to increasing automation, in which many automatic machines function without any need for human labor.Scientific management methods have spread to all branches of industry – not only manufacturing, but also accounting, finance, marketing, and other office work. There areplanning systems, organization systems and control systems. Within these there are other systems for delegation of authority, budgeting, information feedback for control, and so on. The essence of all the functions of management is coordination, the harmonious combination of all individual efforts for the achievement of the objectives of the enterprise.26. From the first paragraph, we know that .A. industrial management depends on the success of all kinds of businesses and ofnational economiesB. industrial management is indispensable to the successes of all kinds of businessesand of national economiesC. the success of all kinds of businesses and of national economies has nothing to dowith industrial managementD. industrial management did not develop until the last fifty years27. The top manager .A. is responsible for selecting other managers and help them do things efficientlyB. gets other managers to choose and train themselvesC. manages other managers’ operationsD. learns new techniques from other managers28. All managers employ .A. various methods to solve their practical and complex problemsB. specialists to keep machines working properlyC. workers who give on-the-job trainingD. advisers to handle practical and complex problems29. Personnel managers provide rest periods, safety devices, recreation facilities, etc. _______.A. because the labor unions demand themB. just to improve the workers’moraleC. to obtain greater efficiency from workersD. to ensure the good working conditions30. The essence of all management functions is .A. to combine individual efforts to achieve the objectives of the enterpriseB. the coordination of the functions of managementC. the harmonious coordination of organization efforts for the achievement ofindividual objectivesD. to coordinate the systems for planning, organization and control(3)The genetic characteristics of all life forms on earth are embodied in the chemical structure of DNA molecules. An organism’s DNA molecules provide a complete blueprint forits physical makeup. Genetic engineering is the process of altering the DNA genetic codeto change the characteristics of plants and animals. Through the process, scientists can literally build to order new life forms that perform desired functions. For hundreds of years, humans have engineered the development of food crops and domesticated animals through selective breeding practices. For example, the modern dairy cow is the result of centuriesof carefully breeding individual animals that carried the genetic trait for high milk production. However, new technology makes it possible for scientists to restructure the DNA molecules themselves and thus obtain more rapid and more radical genetic changes than were possible in the past. This new process is commonly called recombinant DNA technology or gene splicing because it involves disassembling the DNA molecule and then recombining or splicing the pieces according to a new pattern. The genespliced DNA molecule may have a genetic code that has never existed before.Although recombinant DNA technology is still in its infancy, it has already demonstratedits value. New crop breeds produced by his process are already growing in farmers’fields. Crops that are genetically engineered to resist pests, diseases, and drought could be important in efforts to alleviate starvation around the world. Scientists are trying to use genetic engineering to produce important drugs such as insulin and interferon cheaply. They are also working on a genetically engineered generation of wonder drugs to combat cancer and other killer diseases. However, the recombinant DNA technology brings with it problems our society has not previously faced. Gene splicing could produce new disease microorganisms, deadly to us or to the plants and animals upon which we depend. The possibility of altering human genetic structure raises serious moral, political, and social issues. Genetic engineering illustrates dramatically the promises and dangers of technological development. The decisions our society makes about genetic engineering will undoubtedly have tremendous consequences in the years to come.31. The best title for this passage is .A. The Basic Function of Genetic EngineeringB. New Applications of Genetic EngineeringC. Recombinant DNA Technology, A New Process in Genetic EngineeringD. The Promises & Dangers of Technological Development32. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about recombinant DNA technology?A. It can bring about rapid and radical genetic changes in life forms.B. It can be used to restructure DNA molecules to produce new desired plant and animalbreeds.C. It may increase the risk of producing some unexpected diseases.D. It proves an effective way to cure cancer and other incurable diseases.33. The word “alleviate” in paragraph 2 is nearest in meaning to .A. relieveB. avoidC. eliminateD. terminate34. It can be inferred from the passage that .A. there will inevitably be a heated debate over the general application of therecombinant DNA technologyB. the use of the recombinant DNA technology on human beings will be forbiddenC. the recombinant DNA technology can be traced back to hundreds of years agoD. serious dilemmas may be generated when it is used to modify human genetic code35. The author’s attitude towards genetic technologies is .A. enthusiasticB. indifferentC. criticalD. objective(4)The word for “The Da Vinci Code”is a rare invertible palindrome. Rotated 180 degrees on a horizontal axis so that it is upside down, it denotes the maternal essence that is sometimes linked to the sport of soccer. Read right side up, it concisely conveys the kind of extreme enthusiasm with which this riddle-filled, code-breaking, exhilaratingly brainy thriller can be recommended. That word is wow.The author is Dan Brown (a name you will want to remember). In this gleefully erudite suspense novel, Mr. Brown takes the format he has been developing through three earlier novels and fine-tunes it to blockbuster perfection. Not since the advent of Harry Potter has an author so flagrantly delighted in leading readers on a breathless chase and coaxing them through hoops. Consider the new book’s prologue, set in the Grand Gallery of the Louvre. (This is the kind of book that notices that this one gallery’s length is three times that of the Washington Monument.) It embroils a Caravaggio, an albino monk and a curator in a fight to the death. That’s scene leaving little doubt that the author knows how to pique interest, as the curator, Jacques Sauniere, fights for his life.Desperately seizing the painting in order to activate the museum’s alarm system, Sauniere succeeds in buying some time. And he uses these stolen moments? Which are his last? To take off his clothes, draw a circle and arrange himself like the figure in Leonardo’smost famous drawing, “The Vitruvian Man.”And to leave behind an anagram and Fibonacci’s famous numerical series as clues.Whatever this is about, it is enough to summon Langdon, who by now, he blushes to recall, has been described in an adoring magazine article as “Harrison Ford in Harris tweed.”Langdon’s latest manuscript, which “proposed some very unconventional interpretations of established religious iconography which would certainly be controversial,” is definitely germane.Also soon on the scene is the cryptologist Sophie Neveu, a chip off the author’s earlier prototypes: “Unlike the cookie-cutter blondes that adorned Harvard dorm room walls, this woman was healthy with an unembellished beauty and genuineness that radiated a striking personal confidence.”Even if he had not contrived this entire story as a hunt for the Lost Sacred Feminine essence, women in particular would love Mr. Brown.The book moves at a breakneck pace, with the author seeming thoroughly to enjoy his contrivances. Virtually every chapter ends with a cliffhanger: not easy, considering the amount of plain old talking that gets done. And Sophie and Langdon are sent on the run, the better to churn up a thriller atmosphere. To their credit, they evade their pursuers as ingeniously as they do most everything else.When being followed via a global positioning system, for instance, it is smart to send the sensor flying out a 40-foot window and lead pursuers to think you have done the same. Somehow the book manages to reconcile such derring-do with remarks like, “And did you know that if you divide the number of female bees by the number of male bees in any beehive in the world, you always get the same number?”“The Da Vinci Code”is breezy enough even to make fun of its characters’own cleverness. At one point Langdon is asked by his host whether he has hidden a sought-after treasure carefully enough. “Actually,” Langdon says, unable to hide his grin, “that depends on how often you dust under your couch.”36. Why does the author use the word “wow” to describe the novel The Da Vinci Code?A. Because the word reads the same backwards.B. Because it is also linked to the sport of football.C. Because the novel is imbued with perplexing enigmas and smartly wrought.D. Because the novel is a bestseller.37. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. Dan Brown, author of “The Da Vinci Code” has published so far four novels.B. The Da Vinci Code begins with a mysterious murder case in the Gallery of Luvre.C. In his earlier novels, Dan Brown has created characters like Sophie Neveu.D. The Da Vinci Code wins the popularity among women because Dan Brown is afervent feminist.38. It can be inferred from the passage that Harry Potter is all the following EXCEPT.A. It is also a bestseller around the worldB. It attracts readers with heart-throbbing suspenseC. It is characterized by hoax and unreliable plotsD. It has achieved immense popularity with readers39. The major factor that contributes to the success of The Da Vinci Code is .A. the engrossing prologueB. the depiction of the female protagonist Sophie NeveuC. the breakneck pace and a cliffhanger at the end of almost every chapterD. the colorful description of the cleverness of the characters40. The author’s attitude towards “The Da Vince Code” is .A. criticalB. indifferentC. affirmativeD. sarcasticPaper Two(注意：以下各题的答案必须写在Answer Sheet II上)Part III Cloze (10%)Directions: Fill in each of the following blanks with ONE word to complete the meaning of the passage. Write your answer on Answer Sheet II.It was during the nineteenth century that the rapid development of the heat engine took place, and with ever increasing power at the disposal of man, the mechanical age began. The demand 41 more and more power as new industries evolved created a great incentive for invention. At first, attention was solely devoted to practical improvement, but 42 the trend was more toward philosophical reasoning, with a result that engineers found 43 necessary to review their fundamental ideas. It was seen that the consideration of practical detail 44 was insufficient in the attempt to produce more efficient machines. Theoretical reasoning was also necessary, and it was through the work of men such as Carnot, Gibbs and others, 45 the theoretical study developed. The 46 of their philosophy and the skill of the craftsmen, together with the ingenuity of the practical engineers, resulted 47 progressively more efficient engines.48 with the prime movers of the nineteenth century, our present-day engines and power plants are very efficient. Nevertheless, design and development engineers are continually striving to produce even more efficient machines. In this task they must engage in conflict 49 the restrictions which Nature imposes upon energy conversion processes, and they must be 50 with the knowledge which is gained from the study of the subject of Thermodynamics. Part IV Translation (15%)Directions: Put the following passage into English.现在教育和就业的距离正在拉大。

2004年华东师大博士生英语入学试卷考1）本考卷共包括九大项，共 19 页。

考试时间为180分钟，满分100分。

试 2）试卷中 Paper One 各项答案按相应题号一律用铅笔划线填入答题卡。

须 3）Paper Two 各项用钢笔或圆珠笔答在答题纸上，字迹需清晰端正。

知Paper OnePart I. Listening Comprehension ( 15 % )Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D and decide which one is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line though the center.Example: You will hear:M: Is it possible for you to work late? Miss Grey?W: Work late? I suppose so, if you really think it is necessary.Q: Where do you think this conversation most probably took place?You will read:A. At the office.B. In the waiting room.C. At the airport.D. In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they have to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore a) At the office is the best answer. You should choose answer a. on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a pencil.1. A. The man better practice harder.B. The man should not give up.C. The man should stop trying to be a superstar.D. The man better practice a new style.2. A. Help the woman but only unwillingly.B. Not help move items for the woman.C. Help move things to Mr. Nelson’s office.D. Cancel his appointment at Mr. Nelson’s office.3. A. They are on a date.B. They are at a harmonious meeting.C. They are at a meeting with a controversy.D. They are late to the meeting.4. A. Ask for more money from the student loan.B. Find a job to earn some money.C. Be more realistic with his money.D. Stop worrying about his money.5. A. See both of them one after another.B. Phone the theater for opinion.C. Toss a coin to decide.D. Go somewhere else instead.6. A. Volunteering needs special skills.B. V olunteering needs physical work.C. V olunteering requires a time commitment.D. Volunteering requires a financial commitment.7. A. Dorms are not as cheap as he thinks.B. Dorms are not as spacious as he thinks.C. Dorms are not as available as he thinks.D. Dorms are not as convenient as he thinks.8. A. The amount of paper he used might be worth the cost.B. It will be a good lesson for him to study harder.C. The amount of effort he made will become useful.D. The preparation of the paper should be finished soon.9. A. Sleeping early is good for oneself.B. Rising early takes time to become easy.C. Jogging is difficult to be routine.D. Walking in the park is not as easy as it seems.10. A. It is sure to be ready on Thursday.B. It is still not ready.C. It was already ready on Thursday.D. It was too difficult to fix it.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b, c and d. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A. His friend bought them for him.B. He bought them himself.C. He booked them quite a while ago.D. He got them free of charge.12. A. Her husband was taking her out to the theater.B. Her husband had got her a job in his office.C. Her husband was going to buy her some nice gifts.D. Her husband had found his lost money.13. A. He had lost the tickets for the theater.B. He had lost his briefcase.C. He had left his briefcase at home.D. He had left the tickets in the office.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A. Lack of electricity.B. Shortage of books.C. Lack of clean water.D. Shortage of experts15. A. A system which trains doctors.B. A group of experts who can provide professional advice.C. A computer program which can provide professional advice.D. A system which trains computer experts.16. A. It is not easy to see the shortage of experts in the villages.B. Many doctors and engineers are sent to the villages to make up for the shortage of experts.C. Expert medical systems are widely used in developing countries.D. Expert systems are owned by wealthy farmers and businessmen.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A. The designer of the White House.B. The first resident of the White House.C. One of the U.S. presidents.D. A specialist of American history.18. A. To add to the beauty of the building.B. To follow the original design.C. To wipe out the stains left behind by the war.D. To make the building look more comfortable.19. A. Right after it was rebuilt.B. During the administration of John Adams.C. When Theodore Roosevelt was president.D. After many other names had been given to it.20. A. It has been changed several times.B. It has never been changed.C. It was changed after the War of 1812.D. It was changed during Roosevelt’s presidency.II. Vocabulary and Structure (15%)Directions:Below each sentence, there are four words marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or that is closest in meaning to theunderlined word in the sentence Write the corresponding letter on your AnswerSheet.21. After doing her usual morning chores, Elisha found herself ___ tired.A. interestinglyB. surprisinglyC. erraticallyD. forcibly22. Working frantically under the pressure of time, Edmond failed to notice his ___ mistakes.A. stupidB. inevitableC. carelessD. redundant23. The ___ objections of those who protested against the ruling finally got them thrown outof the stadium.A. viralB. vulnerableC. volubleD. vocal24. In the feudal society, landlords had the right to beat, ___ or even kill talents at will.A. abaseB. abashC. abateD. abuse25. All the colleagues said that the caprices of the willful manager had made him a ___ person.A. candidB. captiousC. cannyD. coy26. It was all right for the school administration not to ___ to the students' demand of canceling the terminal examinations.A. acceptB. accedeC. accessD. accessory27. In 1921 many people died in famine --- an extreme scarcity or ___ of food. That was reallya tragedy.A. deprivationB. exhaustionC. starvationD. dearth28. The world will be advancing with such great speed that our ___ will look back upon us and our time with a sense of superiority.A. antecedentsB. predecessorsC. descendantsD. contemporaries29. Before taking a standardized test, one should ___ himself or herself with all the items that constitute the test paper.A. acquaintB. fascinateC. acquitD. familiar30. Tom is always lack of self-confidence. His ___ character caused him to miss many goldenopportunities.A. diffidentB. ignorantC. proudD. conceited31. It has been announced that physicists from different countries will gather in New York fora ___ next month.A. symphonyB. symposiumC. symptomD. symmetry32. Manfred ___ with sure that nine out of ten gentlemen who danced with this charming young lady would fall in love with her.A. alludeB. adduceC. averredD. advert33. During the terrorist attacks, the authorities ordered to ___ the workers and residents ofhigh profile buildings from the constructions.A. evictB. evokeC. evacuateD. evade34. Johnson's business survived on a ___ relationship with only a few customers.A. tentativeB. salientC. lucrativeD. insubstantial35. After her marriage, the happy life ___ her appearance, making her look more beautifulthan ever.A. transfiguredB. disfiguredC. disheveledD. transformed36. Although Guthman was a ___ of several campaigns, he had never seen action on the frontlines.A. veteranB. volunteerC. victimD. villain37. The cheerful, lively melody of dance music ___ almost all the weary soldiers.A. drainedB. divertedC. renewedD. revived38. From Willink's ___ manner, people can tell that he is of royal birth.A. boorishB. regalC. rudeD. vulgar39. Since it was held up only by a single steel cable, the chairlift was ___ to carry only twopeopleA. instructedB. obligedC. intendedD. appointed40. 130 years later, this single wall still stands here in mute ___ to the Revolution of ParisCommune in 1873.A. testimonyB. memoryC. tributeD. evidence41.From his words I supposed that he was extremely delighted at your invitation.A. apprehendedB. concededC. envisionD. surmised42. As is reported, over seventy civilians lost their lives in the following explosion.A. ensuingB. engrossingC. enduringD. entangling43. After living in the same dormitory for half a year, Jane realized that Mary's oversen-sitivity was not acquired but inherent.A. insipidB. inordinateC. innateD. insane44. As a highly intelligent person, the diplomat had no difficulty searching for the right wordsto retort.A. askingB. gropingC. findingD. grouching45. The service at this restaurant was so slow that when the dishes were finally served we wereextremely hungry.A. ruthlessB. ravenousC. rashD. reckless46. He is my devoted friend, so I ___ tell him the truth.A. cannot helpB. cannot butC. may not helpD. could but47. No administrator or supervisor can enter a classroom unless ___ by the teacher.A. they are invitedB. he is invitedC. invitingD. having being invited48. I'd just as soon he ___ the party yesterday; he made a mess of it.A. didn't attendB. attendedC. had attendedD. hadn't attended49. ___ a certain doubt among the students as to the necessity of an oral English test at theend of the term.A. It is existedB. There having existedC. There existsD. There having been50. ___ Jenny lives next door to Robert, she ought to know him.A. IfB. Seeing thatC. AlthoughD. Just asIII. Error Detection (5%)Directions:There are four underlined words or parts marked A, B, C and D in each of the following sentences. Choose the one that you think incorrect, and write thecorresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.51. Learning a foreign Language is especially difficult for those who had never learned oneA B C Dbefore.52. The main stream of a river frequently is dividing into two or more branches near its mouth.A B C D53. For activating the fossilization in English learning, I practice reading, listening, speakingA B Cand writing as regularly as possibleD54. Little Jimmy was constantly being told not to scratch the paint off the bedroom wall, butA Bhe went on to do it all the same.C D55. It's a simple matter to have found the density of a gas from its formula.A B C D56. Upon questioning the suspect denied having stolen diamonds from the jewelry shop.A B C D57. Some of the research experiments to describe in the text book are easy to carry out.A B C D58. Quantum physics lies at a heart of the physical sciences.A BC D59. Despite their length, the horse's neck has the same number of vertebrae as a humanA B C Dbeing's.60. Night falls more faster in the tropics than in other latitudes.A B C DIV. Reading Comprehension (25%)Directions:Read the following five passages carefully, choose the best answer to each question from the four choices given, and then write the corresponding letteron your Answer Sheet.Passage OneIn Japan, some people play golf on weekends and some form long lines in the Ginza district to watch first-run foreign films. A knowing few go to the barbershop.A trip to a Japanese barbershop is an odyssey into the country's economic miracle, a glimpse at the same attention to detail that has made "Japan Inc." the envy of the capitalist world.It is more than simply getting a haircut. Customers go to escape the hustle and bustle of Tokyo's frenetic pace. They go to complain about local politics and catch up on the latest neighborhood scuttlebutt.But most of all, they go to be cranked up high in the barber's chair, to assume for at lest one precious moment – regardless of their walk of life---that honorific stature uniquely revered in Japan: that of okyakusama, or customer.So going to the barbershop here is an outing . The object is not to get it over with as quickly as possible, American-style, but to prolong the treatment and bask in its sensual pleasures.No one understands this better than Tanaka-san, who runs a state-of-the-art barbershop just up the street from where I live, in the Minami Azabu district. Like much else in Japan, Mr. Tankaka's shop has only recently gone upscale.Last year, he sold his small, old shop, located a few blocks from the new one, for a cool $15.3 million. With typical Japanese foresight for investing for the long pull, Mr. Tanaka plowed theproceeds into his spanking new premises.Mr. Tanaka, 54, has been in the barbering business for 38 years. Back in 1950, he charged only 35 yen --- not much compared with the 3,200 yen he receives today for a cut and shampoo. At today's exchange rates, $22 for a haircut might seem expensive, but I think it's one of the best deals in town.You always have to wait in line at Mr. Tanaka's shop : He doesn't take reservations because he doesn't need to. But when your time comes, Mr. Tanaka directs you to the seat of honor.Soon his wife is feverishly shampooing your hair, massaging your scalp with a special brush. While she scrubs, Mr. Tanaka is busy at the next chair, applying the finishing snips and snaps to another client. This tag-team approach keeps the shop running at full capacity.Mr. Tanaka typically spends about 45 minutes cutting your hair, scrutinizing the symmetry of the sideburns with the utmost care. His cutting skills are superb, but it is in conversation that he truly excels. He knows when to talk, when to listen and when to utter the drawn-out guttural grunt of approval so common in Japanese. These insightful yet subtle dialogues with his clients create the cornerstone of Mr.Tanaka's thriving business: the repeat customer, every retailer's dream.For the rare client not "hooked" by pleasant conversation , Mrs. Tanaka's shaving technique, with a straight-edged razor, is the showstopper. First, she places a hot towel over your face, then wipes your face with moisturizing oil.She applies another hot towel to remove the oil and lathers you up with warm shaving cream. Finally, she methodically spends fifteen minutes shaving off every last whisker---including any stray hairs that might have found their way to your forehead or earlobes. The oil and hot-towel procedure is repeated and the reclining customer is gently coaxed into returning to earth.Foreign businessmen trying to figure our what makes Japan's economy so successful might do well to visit a Japanese barbershop. Impeccable service isn't extra here, it's included the price of admission.61. An attention to detail has made "Japan Inc."A. a good place for touristsB. a land of many barbershopsC. a prosperous economic powerD. a famous resort62. In Japanese barbershops, barbersA. rush customers outB. never talk about politicsC. talk with customers and work leisurelyD. are rather impatient with customers63. Relaxation and sensual pleasure areA. admitted goals of customersB. not possible in the busy atmosphereC. not appreciated by hurried customersD. not available to customers64. Because Mr. Tanaka's shop is s popular,A. reservations are requiredB. people wait in lineC. he is opening another new storeD. he becomes famous for that65. Not only is Mr. Tanaka a good barber, but he is alsoA. skilled at conversationB. an expert in shaving techniquesC. a local politicianD. a psychologistPassage TwoMincerva was the goddess of wisdom, but on one occasion she did a very foolish thing; she entered into competition with Juno and Venus for the prize of beauty. It happened thus: At the nuptials of Peleus and Theetis all the gods were invited with the exception of Eris, or Discord. Enraged at her exclusion, the goddess threw a golden apple among the guests, with the inscription (题词), "For the fairest." Thereupon Juno, Venus, and Minerva each claimed the apple. Jupiter, not willing to decide in so delicate a matter, sent the goddesses to Mount Ida, where the beautiful shepherd Paris was tending his flocks, and to him was committed the decision. The goddesses accordingly appeared before him. Juno promised him power and riches, Minerva glory and renown in war, and Venus the fairest of women his wife, each attempting to bias his decision in her own favor. Paris decided in favour of Venus and gave her the golden apple, thus making the two other goddesses his enemies. Under the protection of Venus, Paris sailed to Greece, and was hospitably received by Menelaus. king of Sparta. Now Helen, the wife of Menelaus, was the very woman whom Venus had destined for Paris, the fairest of her sex. She had been sought as a bride by numerous suitors, and before her decision was made known, they all, at the suggestion of Ulysses, one of their number, took an oath that they would defend her from all injury and avenge her cause if necessary. She chose Menelaus, and was living with him happily when Paris became their guest . Paris aided by Venus, persuaded her to elope （私奔）with him, and carried her to Troy, whence arose the famous Trojan war, the theme of the greatest poems of antiquity, those of Homer and Virgil.Menelaus called upon his brother chieftains（首领）of Greece to fulfill their pledge, and join him in his efforts to recover his wife. They generally came forward, but Ulysses, who had married Penelope, and was very happy in his wife and child, had no disposition to embark in such a troublesome affair. He therefore hung back and Palamedes was sent to urge him. When Palamedes arrived at Ithaca Ulysses pretended to be mad. He yoked （用牛轭套住）an ass and an ox together to the plough and began to sow salt. Palamedes, to try him, placed the infant Telemachus before the plough, whereupon the father turned the plough aside, showing plainly that he was no madman, and after that could no longer refuse to fulfill his promise. Being now himself gained for the undertaking, he lent his aid to bring in other reluctant chiefs, especially Achilles. This hero was the son of that Thetis at whose marriage the apple of Discord had been thrown among the goddesses. Thetis was herself one of the immortals, a sea-nymph (海仙女), and knowing that her son was fated to perish before Troy if he went on the expedition, she endeavoured to prevent his going . She sent him away to the court of King Lycomedes, and induced him to conceal himself in the disguise of a maidenamong the daughters of the king. Ulysses, hearing he was there, went disguised as a merchant to the palace and offered for sale female ornaments, among which he had placed some arms. While the king's daughters were engrossed with the other contents of the merchant' s pack, Achilles handled the weapons and thereby betrayed himself to the keen eye of Ulysses, who found no great difficulty in persuading him to disregard his mother's prudent counsels and join his countrymen in the war.66. Bulfinch describes Jupiter as u nwilling to “decide in so delicate a matter” (lines 6), implyingthatA. Jupiter is usually heavy-handedB. any decision is bound to offend someoneC. Jupiter to overly sensitive.D. the problems are so obscure that no one can judge them.67. The word disposition (line 22) is used to meanA. inclinationB. natureC. integrityD. value68. The sowing of salt is used by Bulfinch to showA. Ulysses's attempt to be found insaneB. the difficulty of cultivating in rocky soilC. how the tears of the gods created the seaD. the god's punishment of those who disobey them69. Bulfinch reveals that Thetis is a sea-nymphy in order to explainA. why she married PeleusB. why she dislikes the idea of warC. the effect of the apple of DiscordD. her ability to predict the future70.. Among the chieftains of Greece apparently areA. Juno, Venus, and MinervaB. Paris and LycomedesC. Ulysses, Achilles, and MenelausD. Eris and ThetisPassage ThreeOn the whole, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration has always treated Mars with respect. American spacecraft have flown by, orbited and even landed on the Red Planet. What they've never done is wound it. If scientists ever hope to understand Mars fully, however, they are going to have to puncture the dry Martian crust to sample the planetary pulp below. Next week NASA will launch a ship that will begin that process.The first ship of the two-spacecraft mission --- set to fly Dec. 10---is the Mars Climate Orbiter.Arriving in September 1999, the spacecraft will enter an orbit of the planet that traces a path over the Martian poles, allowing it to study the local atmosphere. Its orbit will position it perfectly to act as a relay satellite for a ny later ship that may land on the surface. That’s a good thing, since three weeks or so after the orbiter leaves Earth, NAS will launch another spacecraft, the more ambitious Mars Polar Lander.A spindly machine standing 107 cm tall, the lander is set to arrive in December 1999, aiming to touch down near Mars’ south pole, one of the few sports on the freeze-dried planet that is likely to contain some water. Just before reaching the Martian atmosphere, the lander will release a pairs of tapered pods(锥形分离舱) , each about the size of a basketball, made of brittle silica. Plunging ahead of the ship , the projectiles will free-fall to the surface and strike the ground at 650 km/h.The pods are designed to shatter on impact, releasing a pair of 18-cm probes. Slamming into the surface, the probes are supposed to drive themselves 120 cm into the Martian crust. Once buried, they will deploy tiny drills and begin sampling the chemical makeup of the soil around them. Scientists believe that chemistry could be remarkably rich. "The surface of Mars has been pretty well sterilized(消毒) by ultraviolet radiation," says Sam Thurman, the missions flight-operations manager.Only minutes after the probes hit the ground, the lander will follow, descending by parachute and braking engine. Bristling with cameras and sensors, it will study Mars' terrain and weather, snapping pictures both during its descent and on the surface. It will also carry a microphone to record for the first time the sound of the Martain wind. More important, the ship will be equipped with a robotic arm and scoop , much like the arms carried aboard the Viking landers in the 1970s. Unlike the Vikings, though, which were able to paw just a few feeble cm into the Martian topsoil, the new ship will dig out a trench nearly 90 cm deep.How long all this otherworldly hardware will operate is uncertain. The probes, powered by batteries, should wink out within three days. The lander, with robust solar panels to keep it humming, could last three months. But even if the systems do not survive that long, their work could be profound. After all, scientists have spent years studying just the Martian skin; this will be their first chance to dig a little deeper.71. We learn from the first paragraph that, in order to have a thorough knowledge of Mars, weneed ___.A. to treat Mars with more respect than everB. to have more spacecraft orbit the Red PlanetC. to protect the Red Planet more carefully and not to wound itD. to penetrate the crust of the Red Planet to take Martian samples72. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. The spacecraft that is to arrive in September 1999 contains a pair of tapered pods.B. Mars Polar Lander will carry out more important missions than Mars Climate Orbiter.C. The difference between Viking landers and Mars Polar Lander is that the former was unableto land on Mars.D. The mission of Mars Climate Orbiter is to study the local atmosphere and Mars terrain,snapping pictures both during its descent and on the surface.73. The primary purpose of the passage is to ___.A. stress the importance of exploring MarsB. outline the general features of MarsC. describe in detail the way of landing of Mars Polar LanderD. introduce the mission of the two spacecraft which are due to launch in 1999.74. We learn from the passage that ___.A. Mars Climate Orbiter will serve as a space base for any later ship that may land on thesurface of MarsB. Mars' south pole is more likely to contain life because it contains waterC. Mars Polar Lander will strike the surface of Mars at 650 km/hD. the chemical makeup of the soil on the surface of Mars will be similar to that of the earth75. From the context, we can infer the meaning of "bristling" (line 2, para. 4 ) may be ___.A. abundant inB. sending outC. reactingD. taking upPassage FourAn outsider approaches the subject lively, lest civic(市民的；城市的) feelings be bruised. Los Angeles gives the impression of having erased much of its history by allowing the city's development to run unchecked. Insiders like Dolores Hayden...pull no punches: "It mon," she wrote, "for fond residents to quote Gertrude Stein's sentence about Oakland when summing up urban design in Los Angeles: "There's no there, there.'" Hayden has also acknowledged that Los Angles is generally "the first (American city) singled out as having a problem about sense of place." Both statements come from a handsome brochure-cum-itinerary, drawn up by Hayden, Gail Dubrow, and Carolyn Flynn to introduce The Power of Place, a local nonprofit group with a mission to retrieve some of the city's misplaced" there."Founded by Hayden in 1982, The Power of Place lays special emphasis on redressing an imbalance in memory---and memorials. As Hayden has pointed out, in 1987 less than half the population of Los Angeles was Anglo-American; yet almost 98 percent of the city's cultural historic landmarks were devoted to the history and accomplishments of Anglo-Americans. Even these personages(名人，要人) come from a narrow spectrum of achievers---in Hayden's phrase, "a small minority of landholders, bankers, business leaders, and their architects" ----almost all of whom were male...The likeliest explanation for this under-representation may be an urban variation on thegreat-man theory of history: History is what public figures do, and by their civic monuments shall you know them ---especially the structures they designed or built. In Hayden's view, however, "The task of choosing a past for Los Angeles is a political as well as historic and cultural one, " and the unexamined preference for architecture as the focus of historic preservation efforts can slight less conscious but perhaps equally powerful human forces. Hayden's goal has been to supplement the city's ample supply of mono-cultural landmarks and memorials with others representing its ethnic and gender-based diversity. Accordingly, some sites need new status as official land-marks, others need reinterpretation. Other sites no longer contain structures emblematic(作为标志的) of their histories or are located in blighted neighborhoods; these do not readily lend themselves to。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Our generation has made such immense discoveries and achieved such undreamed enrichments of the outside of life, that it has lost touch with the inside of life. It has forgotten the true riches and beauties of its spiritual inheritance: riches and beauties that go far beyond our modern chatter about values and ideals. The mind's search for more breadth has obscured the heart's craving for more depth. Once again man has become the dupe of his own cleverness. And because it is difficult to attend to more than a few things at a time, we leave out a great range of experiences which comes in by another route and tells us of another kind of life. Our interest rushes out to the farthest limits of the universe, but we seldom take a sounding of the ocean beneath our restless keels. We get, therefore, a queer feeling that we are leaving something out. Knowledge has grown; but wisdom, savoring the deep wonder and mystery of life, lingers far behind. Thus the life of the human spirit, which ought to maintain a balance between the world visible and the world invisible, is thrown out of gear.1.Which of the following may best serve as the title of the passage?2.The author of this passage implies his concern over man's （）3.The author suggests that man needs to（）4.Which of the following is implied in the passage?5.What is something that we are leaving out according to the author?问题1选项A.Man's Need for Wisdom.B.The Invisible World.C.The Heart and Mind of Man.D.The Growth of Knowledge.问题2选项A.inhumanity to other menB.emphasis on the materialistic in lifeC.explorations in the farthest limits of the universeck of knowledge of the visible world问题3选项A.be cleverer.B.learn to do more than one thing at a timeC.give more attention to the spiritD.become more social问题4选项A.The soul of men is restless.B.People spend too much time in idle talk.C.Man is too concerned with things of the spirit.D.Man should search for more breadth in his life.问题5选项A.Immense discoveriesB.Undreamed enrichments of the outside of lifeC.WisdomD.Knowledge【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:C第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.主旨大意题。

2012年华东师范大学考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】2012年华东师范大学考博英语真题及详解时间：180分钟Paper One注意：答案请做在答题卡上，做在试题上一律无效Part I Vocabulary and Structure(15%)Directions:There are30incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer SheetⅠwith a single line through the center 1.The concept of vocational or professional identity differs______between the United Sates and Japan.A.clearB.markedlyC.outstandinglyD.greedily【答案】B【解析】句意：美国和日本在职业或专业身份的概念定义上存在明显差异。

markedly明显地；显著地。

clear清楚的；明显的。

outstanding杰出的；突出的。

greedily贪婪地；贪食地。

此处需要的是具有“明显，显著”含义的副词。

2.Now that her son was old enough to support the family,Mr.Williams decided to leave everything at his______.A.handB.advocacyC.tacklingD.disposal【答案】D【解析】句意：既然她的儿子已长大到足以支撑整个家庭，威廉姆斯先生决定将所有事都交给他来处理。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The growth of population during the past few centuries is no proof that population will continue to grow straight upward toward infinity and doom. On the contrary, demographic history offers evidence that population growth has not been at all constant. According to paleo-ecologist Edward Deevey, the past million years show three momentous changes. The first, a rapid increase in population around one million B.C., followed the innovations of tool-making and tool-using. But when the new power from the use of tools had been exploited, the rate of world population growth fell and became almost stable.The next rapid jump in population started perhaps 10.000 years ago, when men began to keep herds, plow and plant the earth. Once again when initial productivity gains had been absorbed, the rate of population growth abated.These two episodes suggest that the third great change, the present rapid growth, which began in the West between 250 and 350 years ago, may also slow down when, or if technology begins to yield fewer innovations. Of course, the current knowledge revolution may continue without foreseeable end. Either way—contrary to popular belief in constant geometric growth—population can be expected in the long run to adjust to productivity. And when one takes this view, population growth is seen to represent economic progress and human triumph rather than social failure.1.In the passage, when did the first significant demographic change occur?2.What did human beings learn to do when the 2nd demographic change took place?3.What is found to have close relationship with rapid increase in population?4.What can be concluded when the current tide of knowledge revolution ebbs?5.What is the concept most people have on population growth?问题1选项A.Three to four centuries ago.B.Ten thousand years ago.C.At a time when steamed engine was invented.D.At a time when human beings began to use tools.问题2选项A.To use stone.B.To plant the earth.C.To build aircraft.D.To derive automobiles.问题3选项A.War between 2 centuries.B.Ways discovered to increase productivity.C.Migration from a continent to another continent.D.A new religion beginning to be accepted by people.问题4选项A.Productivity will rise.B.Productivity will receive no impact.C.Population growth will slow down.D.Population growth will become accelerated.问题5选项A.The population is always in constant geometric growth.B.Rapid growth is followed by stable growth.C.Decelerated growth is followed by a declineD.No growth at all.【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:B第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。

2013年华东师范大学考博英语真题试卷(总分156, 做题时间90分钟)1. Structure and Vocabulary1.A good teacher must know how to______his students to work hard at the subject he teaches.SSS_SINGLE_SELA mortifyB motivateC multiplyD muster该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:B解析：A项mortify“抑制，约束”；B项motivate“激励，激发”；C项multiply“乘，增加”；D项muster“召集”。

根据词意辨析可知B正确。

2.We need all information______to the economic aspects of **pany's activities.SSS_SINGLE_SELA perceptibleB pertainingC periodicD persistent该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:B解析：A项perceptible“可察觉的，可感知的”；B项pertaining“附属的，与……有关的”，常与to连用，意为“与……有关”；C项periodic“周期的”；D项persistent“固执的”。

3.Our hotel can______double the number of guests participating in your conference.SSS_SINGLE_SELA ascribeB accommodateC assertD avert该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:B解析：A项ascribe“归因于”；B项accommodate“容纳”；C项assert“维护”；D项avert“避免”。

4.Most adults do not feel______to deal with a medical emergency involving a child.SSS_SINGLE_SELA compatibleB considerateC competentD confidential该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:C解析：A项compatible“能共处的”；B项considerate“体贴的”；C项competent“胜任的，足够的”；D项confidential“机密的”。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Life insurance is financial protection for dependents against loss（）the breadwinner's death.问题1选项A.at the cost ofB.on the verge ofC.as a result ofD.for the sake【答案】C【解析】短语辨析。

at the cost of 以…为代价；on the verge of接近于, 源临于；as a result of 因为, 由于；for the sake of为了…的缘故。

句意：人寿保险可以在养家糊口的人死后, 为抚养其家属提供经济保障。

选项C符合句意。

2.单选题In trying to solve the problem we seem to have exhausted all the（）that the brain of man could suggest.问题1选项A.ingenuityB.nuancesC.ingenuousnessD.nourishments【答案】D【解析】名词辨析题。

ingenuity精巧、独创性；nuances细微差别；ingenuousness正直、老实；nourishments 食物、营养品。

句意：在试图解决这个问题的过程中，我们似乎耗尽了人类大脑所能提供的所有营养。

这里引申为“绞尽脑汁”。

选项D符合句意。

3.单选题Economics involves the study of topics like wealth and poverty, money and banks, incomes, taxes, prosperity and depression, big business and labor unions, and hundreds of other matters that intimately affect the way we live. Economic forces surround our daily lives, influencing how easy or how hard it is to get a job, how much we can earn in our chosen occupations, and how much our paychecks will buy after we receive them.Economic factors are major concerns in government’s decisions about how much to spend and for what purposes, and how much to raise in taxes and who should be taxed as well as in their evaluations of the consequences of war, peace, and disarmament. Urban slums, job discrimination, unequal educational opportunities, and civil rights have important consequences for all of us for both those who are discriminated against and those who are not. At a still more global level economic factors are involved in birth, health, death, population growth, and the dynamics of history.In fact, probably without exception, each topic in economics not only touches somewhere on your own personal life but is also important to some current economic problems of government on social policy and is, at the same time, involved in the long-range concerns of human history.The common thread that runs through all of these topics, binding them together into a coherent body of study, is that one way or another each deals with the way society produces and uses goods and services. Practically nothing that we eat, wear, or use comes to us directly from nature. A loaf of bread is the end result of long series of operations that begins with planting and harvesting grain and proceeds through milling, baking, and shipping to the point at which the housewife can pick the loaf off the grocer’s shelf. The driver filli ng his tank at a services station is taking the final step in a long chain of activities: drilling oil wells, moving petroleum in ships and pipelines, chemical treatment, refining and storage. The same is generally true of all goods.The process of bridging the gap between the original resources of nature and needs of the final consumer is production. Production includes any activity that makes goods and services available to people. It is not restricted to work on tangible physical commodities, but encompasses services as well. Doctors, lawyers, teachers, and barbers are productive, as are actors, musicians, entertainers, and others who perform services for our benefits.1.Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?2.We may infer from the con text that the word “encompass” (Line 4, Paragraph 5) means（）3.According to the passage, economics is the study of （）4.Which of the following statements is TRUE?5.Which of the following can be learned from the passage?问题1选项A.Economic factors influence our daily life.B.Economic factors are major concerns in government’s decisions about some policies.C.What we study in economics is how governments influence the use of land, labor, capital, etc.D.The services of wholesalers, retailers and bankers are an important part of the productive process.问题2选项A.surroundB.encloseC.encircleD.include问题3选项A.production and consumptionernment’s policyC.activities that make goods available to peopleD.consequences of war and peace.问题4选项A.The services of doctors, lawyers and teachers are unproductive.B.Economic factors are involved in the development of history.C.All that we eat, wear, or use comes to us directly from nature.D.Job discrimination and unequal educational opportunities have important consequences only for those who are discriminated against.问题5选项A.Urban slums, job discrimination, unequal educational opportunities, and civil rights are excluded from economic factors.B.Each topic in economics deals with the way society produces and uses goods and services.ernment policies determine the link between the resources of nature and needs of the consumer.D.A housewife cannot pick a loaf of bread off the grocer’s shelf unless there is a good harvest.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:A第4题:B第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。

2009年华东师范大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. Chinese-English Translation 6. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．Mr. Smith is supposed______for Italy last week.A．to have leftB．having leftC．to leaveD．to be leaving正确答案：A解析：句子大意为：史密斯先生上周就——动身去意大利了。

本题考查常用动词suppose的用法。

sb．be supposed to do sth．相当于sb．should do sth．，意为“某人应该做某事”；sb．be supposed to have done sth．相当于sb．should have done sth．，意为“某人本应该做某事”。

由于本题涉及过去的时间，故须使用完成时态，表示虚拟语气。

所以，正确答案是A。

2．With an initial investment of only ten thousand dollars, both partners have increased their money______.A．by two thousand moreB．by two thousandC．for two thousand moreD．for two thousand正确答案：B解析：句子大意为：由于初始投资只有一万美元，双方各自又——了两千美元。

本题考查常用动词的搭配用法。

动词increase常和介词by搭配，表示具体增加的量。

副词more在本题中属于累赘。

所以，正确答案是B。

3．A______from every person, no matter how small, will help the Red Cross reach its goal of $100,000.A．contractB．concentrationC．contributionD．construction正确答案：C解析：句子大意为：不论多么微小的个人——都有助于红十字会实现其十万美元的募捐目标。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题Put the following into English.十九世纪末, 中国开始举办师范教育。

1949年中华人民共和国成立之后, 在各级政府的关心和支持下, 中国师范教育进入了前所未有的发展阶段。

在科学技术迅猛发展的今天, 振兴经济的希望在教育, 教师队伍的数量和质量对教育发展具有决定性的影响。

在中国这样一个拥有世界教师总量五分之一的庞大教师队伍的国家,人民教师的地位和作用直接关系到教育事业乃至整个国家的发展。

师范教育(teacher education)【答案】At the end of 19th century, the teacher education began in China. Since the foundation of People’s Republic of China in 1949, it has undergone an unprecedented development thanks to solicitude and support of the central and local government With the rapid development of technology and science nowadays, education becomes vital to the growth of economy. Its development, however, is determined by the number an professional expertise of teachers. China owns one-fifth of the teachers of the whole world, and the development of the educational issues and even the whole country are directly affected by the status and function of the teachers.2.单选题The Anti-Japanese War（）in 1937.问题1选项A.was happenedB.broke outC.was brokenD.was broken out【答案】B【解析】语法题。