逐句精讲新概念英语第二册：第30课足球还是水球？

Lesson30 Football or polo？

课⽂内容：

The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home. I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons. It waswarm last Sunday,so I went and sat on the river bank as usual. Some children were playing games on the bank and there

were some people rowing on the river. Suddenly,one of the children kicked a ball very hard and it went towards a passing

boat. Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat， but he did not hear them. The ball struck him so hard that

he nearly fell into the water. I turned to look at the children,but there weren‘t any in sight: they had all run away! The man

laughed when he realized what had happened. He called out to the children and threw the ball back to the bank.

语法归纳：定冠词the的⽤法

⼀句话总结：定冠词the可⽤于单数可数名词、复数可数名词和不可数名词前表⽰特指。

⽤于表⽰世界上独⼀⽆⼆的事物和江、河、海洋、⼭等，如：the earth 地球 the moon ⽉亮 the Yellow River 黄河 theAtlantic Ocean ⼤西洋 the Rocky Mountains 落基⼭脉

特别注意：在海岛、⼭峰、湖泊前不⽤冠词，如：Lake Honghu 洪湖 Hainan Island 海南岛

2)由普通名词构成的专有名词前要加定冠词：the People’s Republic of China 中华⼈民共和国 Ae United States ofAmerica 美利坚合众国 the New York Times 纽约时报 the Palace Museum故宫博物馆 the British Broadcasting Corporation

英国⼴播公司

3)在乐器前⾯要加定冠词：play the violin 拉⼩提琴 play the piano 洋钢琴 play the drum 敲⿎

4)⽤在部分形容词前表⽰特有的⼀类⼈：the strong 强者the sick 病⼈ the ugly丑陋的⼈ the poor穷⼈ the stupid 傻⼦ thewise 聪明⼈

5)⽤在序数词或形容词最髙级前

逐句精讲：

1. The Wayle Is a small river that cuts across the park near my home.

烕尔河是条横穿我家附近公园的⼀条⼩河。

语⾔点1 本句中that引导限制性定语从句，修饰river。

语⾔点2 small”⼩的”，常⽤于以下短语：feel small感到惭愧 speak small低声说话 small potato ⼩⼈物 small years ⼩时

候small talk 闲聊small nature ⼩⼼眼

⽐较学习：small, little, diminutive, minute, tiny

1) small指⾯积、体积等⼩的，如：

This suit is too small for my father.这件西装我⽗亲穿着太⼩了。，

2) little指具体⼈或物⼩时，常有赞赏、爱怜等感情⾊彩，如：

Mary is a smart little girl.玛丽是⼀个聪明的⼩姑娘。

3) diminutive指较通常来说为⼩的，有时指很⼩的，如：

My grandmother’s feet are diminutive.我奶奶的脚长得很⼩.

4) minute指微⼩的，如：

a minute observer ⼀位细⼼的观察者

5) tiny指极⼩的，如：

In towns that are near the sea, the tiny lanterns…are placed into the water when the festival is over.在滨海城镇中，这些

⼩灯笼在节后就放在了⽔⾥。

语⾔点3 cut across = cut through 横穿

2. I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons.

我喜欢在天⽓明朗的下午到河边坐坐。

like “喜欢，爱好”，常见的⽤法如下：

1) like sth./to do/doing 喜欢(做)

I like lobster but it does not like me.我喜欢吃龙虾，但它不宜于我的健康。

He likes swimming.他喜欢游泳。

I don’t like to bother you.我不想打扰你。

2) should / would like 想，希望

1 should like to stay in bed.我想躺在床上。

语⾔点2 by和beside作“在……旁边”讲时有细微的区别：beside多⽤于靠近某⼈，⽽by多⽤于靠近某物。

Please sit beside your brother.请坐在你弟弟旁边。

I am standing by the desk.我站在桌⼦旁。

语⾔点3 fine afternoons晴朗的下午

表达“晴朗的”的词汇：fine, fair, serene, sunny, sunshiny

3. It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual.

上星期⽇很暖和，我和往常⼀样⼜去河边坐着：

语⾔点1 这是⼀个由so连接的并列句，请参考Lesson 25。

语⾔点2 as usual = as per usual和往常⼀样

4. Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river.

河岸上有些孩⼦正在玩耍，河⾯上有些⼈正在划船。

语⾔点1 本句为and连接的并列句，两个分句前后呼应。例： A couple of students are reading books in the classroom and there are several workers digging road on the street.

三两个学⽣正在教室⾥读书，外⾯有⼏个⼯⼈在街上枕路。

语⾔点2 some常⽤于肯定句中，any常⽤于否定句和疑问句中。有两种特例情况some可⽤在疑问句中代替any：

1) 表达希望知道时：

Could you give me some water ? 你能给我点⽔喝吗?

2) 表达热情邀请时：

Would you like some apples ? 你想不想吃点苹果?

5. Suddenly, one of the children kicked a bail very hard and it went towards a passing boat.

突然，⼀个⼩孩猛踢了⼀脚球，球便向着⼀只划过来的⼩船飞去。

语⾔点1 suddenly = abruptly突然地，唐突地(多⽤于书⾯语中)

语⾔点2 one of the children作主语，这是“ one of+范围”表⽰“其中之⼀”的结构。

语⾔点3 passing在此为现在分词，相当于形容词作前置定语。

6. Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, but he did not hear them.

河岸上的⼀些⼈对着⼩船上的⼈⾼喊，但他没有听到。

语⾔点1 on the bank修饰people, in the boat修饰man,类似的介词短语作后置定语均起限定修饰 作⽤。

语⾔点2 call out to朝……⼤声叫喊

7. The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.

球重重地砸在他的⾝上，使他差点⼉落⼊⽔中。

语⾔点1 fell v.跌落，倒下(过去式fell,过去分词fallen)

fell n.秋天(美式英语);autumn n.秋天(英式英语)

falls = waterfall n.瀑布 Niagara Falls尼亚加拉⼤瀑布

相关短语：fall ill 病倒 fall in love 陷⼊爱河

谚语学习：A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.吃⼀堑，长⼀智。

语⾔点2 ...that he nearly fell into the water.这是⼀个结果状语从句。

8. I turned to look at the children, but there weren‘t any in sight: they had all run away!

我转过头去看那些孩⼦，但⼀个也不见，他们全都跑了!

语⾔点1 sb. be in sight.某⼈在视线⾥→可以看到某⼈sb. be not in sight.某⼈不在视线⾥→看不到某⼈

语⾔点2 turned to look at转过⾝去看，turned为谓语动词。

语⾔点3 冒号后的内容⼀般为解释说明前⾯的内容。

9. The man laughed when he realized what had happened.

当那个⼈明⽩了发⽣的事情时，笑了起来。

语⾔点 本句中when引导时间状语从句，其中⼜包含⼀个宾语从句：what had happened 为 realized 的宾语。