2011年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析

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专业技术.整理分享 The outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on June 11,

2009. It is the first worldwide epidemic_____1_____ by the World Health Organization in 41 years.

The heightened alert _____2_____an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that convened after

a sharp rise in cases in Australia, and rising_____3_____in Britain, Japan, Chile and elsewhere.

But the epidemic is "_____4_____" in severity, according to Margaret Chan, the organization's

director

general, _____5_____ the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and a full

recovery, often in the _____6_____ of any medical treatment.

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Section I Use of English

Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered

black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

"The Internet affords anonymity to its users — a boon to privacy and freedom

of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cybercrime that

has 1 across the Web.

Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing a semblance of safety and security to a

world that seems increasingly 3 ?

Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyberczar, offered the Obama

government a 4 to make the Web a safer place — a “voluntary identify” system

that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, fingerprint and a photo ID card,

all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital

2011年全国硕士研究生入学考试(英语二)真题及参考答案

Section I Use of English

Directions：

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark

A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of

speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that

has 1 across the Web.

Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing safety and security to a world that seems

increasingly 3 ?

Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyber-czar, offered the federal government

a 4 to make the Web a safer place-a “voluntary trusted identity” system that

would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card,

all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital

credential 7 to a specific computer .and would authenticate users at a range

2011 Text 3（英语⼆）少即是多We tend to think of the decades immediately following as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G. I. Bill, and lining up at the marriage bureaus.But when it came to their houses, it was a time of and a belief that less could truly be more.During and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small,efficient housing positively stylish.Economic condition was only a stimulus for the trend toward efficient living.The phrase "less is more" was actually first popularized by a German, the architect , who like other people associated with , a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War II and took up posts at schools.These designers came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so than Mies.Mies's signature phrase means that less decoration, properly organized, has more impact than a lot.World War II我们⼀般认为⼆战之后的⼏⼗年是繁荣和成⻓的时期，数以百万计的⼠兵返回家园，按照军⼈安置法案去上了⼤学，并登记结婚。common sense但，谈到房⼦的问题，当时⼈们的常识和想法是利⽤有限空间创造出更⼤空间。the Depression在⼤萧条和战争期间，美国⼈早就学会了在空间有限的房⼦中居住，美国⼈⺠的这种⾃我约束以及战后对未来⽣活的⾃信，使得⼩⽽有效的房⼦成为流⾏趋势。经济情况当时只是有效居住的⼀个因素。Ludwig Mies van der Rohethe BauhausAmerican architecture“少即是多” 的说法原先实际上⾸先是因⼀位名叫 Ludwig Mies van der Rohe 的德国建筑师才得以流⾏起来的。他和其他建筑⼤师⼀样也来⾃德国包豪斯设计学院。他们在⼆战前移⺠到美国，并在美国各建筑学院任教就职。这些设计师对美国的建筑业产⽣了巨⼤的影响，但 Mies 的影响⼒却⽆⼈能及。Mies 的⼝头禅的意思是简洁，紧凑会⾮常有影响⼒。Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance.Like other modern architects, he employed metal, glass, and — materials that we take for granted today but that in the 1940s symbolized the future.Mies's sophisticated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty.The apartments in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicago's Lake Shore Drive, for example, were smaller — two-bedroom units under 1,000 — than those in their older neighbors along the city's .But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded, and the elegance of the buildings' details and proportions, the architectural equivalent ofthe so popular at the time.The trend toward "less" was not entirely foreign.In the 1930s, started building more modest and efficient houses— usually around 1,200 square feet — than the spreading two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century.The "Case Study Houses" commissioned from talented modern architects by Arts And Architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influence on the "less is more" trend.他相信优雅不是来⾃琳琅满⽬的装饰。laminated wood和其它现代建筑⼀样，他当时使⽤了⾦属，玻璃和复合⽊材料，这在今天是理所当然的，但在⼆⼗世纪40 年代却象征着未来的发展。Mies 的精巧展示让⼈们忘记了他所设计的空间并不⼤但很有效，⽽不是那种⼤⽽空的⻛格。square feetGold Coast⽐如说，建在芝加哥湖滨⼤道上的公寓，是两个⼩卧室，⽐那些坐落于⻩⾦海岸的⽼建筑⼩ 1000 平⽅英尺。abstract art但它们因通透的玻璃墙、室外的视野以及房⼦细节和⽐例的优雅备受欢迎。当时，楼房建筑相当于抽象艺术作品被⼈⼴为欢迎。空间⼩的趋势不是泊来品。Frank Lloyd Wright20 世纪 30 年代，Frank Lloyd Wright 就开始致⼒于设计更加⼤⼩适中，⽣活更有效的房⼦——通常只有 1200 平⽅英尺——⽐他早在 19 世纪 90年代和 20 世纪初设计的两层建筑更⼩更有效。California在 1945 年到 1962 年，由《加州艺术和建筑》杂志中的现代建筑天才所委任的 “房⼦个案⻛格研究” 活Aesthetic effect came from the landscape, new materials, and forthright detailing.In his Case Study House, Ralph Rapson may have mispredicted just how the mechanical revolution would impact — few American families acquired helicopters, though most eventually got clothes dryers — but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared.动则是另⼀个美国本⼟的⼒量，该活动推动了 “少即是多” 的建筑趋势。美学影响来⾃房⼦的景观，新材料和直观明快的细节。everyday life在他研究的个案中，Ralph Rapson 可能错误预测机械⾰命对⽇常⽣活的影响——极少美国家庭拥有直升机，但⼤多数家庭有⾐服烘⼲机——但他相信⾃给⾃⾜是⼈们的向往和不可回避的⽬标，他的这⼀信仰得到⼈们的⼴泛认可。