表将来的各种表达及区别

英语中可以用来表示将来的各种时态表示将来时的常见用法：1. will/shall do (一般将来时)2.. be going to do3. be doing （现在进行时）4. do/does （一般现在时）5. be about to do6. be to do及区别:一．一般将来时：will/shall do表示单纯的将来事实定做某事e.g. We shall have a lot of rain next month.或表示某个意图没有经过事先考虑,而是在说话的时候才决--You forget to close the door.--Oh, I’ll close it at once.--Ann is in hospital.--Oh,really? I didn’t know. I’ll go and visit her.二．be going to do有迹象表明要发生某事e.g. Look at the dark clouds. It’s going to rain.或强调主观想法或意图:e.g. I’m going to wash the car if I have time.或强调某个意图是事先考虑好的:--Ann is in hospital.--Yes, I know. I’m going to visit her tomorrow.三．现在进行时(be doing)表将来常有“意图”“安排”或“打算”的含义。

这种现在进行时比较生动，给人一种期待感。

它常表最近或较近的将来，所用动词多是转移动词。

如：(1) I’m going. 我要走了。

(2) When are you starting? 你什么时候动身？亦可用于某些非转移动词。

如：(1) I’m meeting you after class. 课后我找你。

(2) What are you doing next Sunday? 下星期你打算干什么？但偶尔也表示较远的将来。

如：When I grow up, I’m joining the army. 我长大了要参军。

有时含有“决心”的意思，多用在否定结构中。

如：(1) I’m not going. 我不走了。

(2) I’m not waiting any longer. 我不再等了。

有时也用在肯定结构中。

如：I’m backing out. 我要打退堂鼓了。

用这种现在进行时与对方讲话时可变成命令，不过语气比较温和。

如：(1) You are staying. 你留下吧。

(2) D on’t forget: you are taking part too. 不要忘记：你也要参加。

四．一般现在时(do/does)表示将来：表示时间表上已经确定好或安排好的事情，在规定的时间里会发生的事情，常用来表示生日, 日历, 课时安排,交通时刻表(车次、航班何时出发或到达)、电视节目何时开始等。

e.g The train leaves at 7 o’clock tomorrow morning.The bus starts in ten minutes.The summer term begins on the 15th of February.The planes arrives early in the evening.或在时间或条件句中, 用一般现在时表示将来的动作e.g. I'll write to you when I arrive there.四．be about to do:表示动作之快的将来,其后不能接时间状语,它与be on the point of doing sth.相似e.g. Autumn is about to start. (不能带soon/ at once等任何时间状语)They are on the point of starting.(牢记一个句型：be about to do sth when …..: 正要做某事这时…….)e.g. I was about to go out when it began to rain.五．be to do:表命中注定的事/命运, 隐含在未来之中的事,e.g. I think we are to meet again many years later.或父母让子女,上级让下级做的事,表示命令,e.g. You’re to do your homework before you watch TV.或表征求意见,用于问句,e.g, Are we to hand in the papers at 10:30?Unit 3 Travel journal1. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane_____. (2006全国高考题)A. takes offB. is taking offC. has taken offD. took off2. —Are you still busy? (2005年浙江卷)—Yes, I______ my work, and it won’t take long.A. just finishB. am just finishingC. have just finishedD. am just going to finish3. －What would you do if it _____ tomorrow? (2005全国高考题)－We have to carry it on, since we’ve got everything ready.A. rainB. rainsC. will rainD. is raining4. --- Did you tell Julia about the result?---Oh, no, I forgot. I her now. (2005全国III )A. will be callingB. will callC. callD. am to call5. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn't stopped ringing. People ____to ask howI am going to spend the money. (2005湖南卷)A. phoneB. will phoneC. were phoningD. are phoning6. I will visit you if Father ______ me.A. letB. letsC. is lettingD. will let7. Look out! That tree _____ fall down.A. is going toB. will beC. shallD. would8. My uncle _____ to see me. He'll be here soon.A. comesB. is comingC. had comeD. came9. " When ______ school begin?"" Next Monday. "A. hasB. doesC. didD. is going to10. Every time I _____ there, I will buy him something nice.A. wentB. will goC. goD. have gone11. We won't go unless you ______ soon.A. had comeB. cameC. will comeD. come12. The air liner from Beijing _____ at 3:00 p.m.A. is about to arriveB. has arrivedC. arrivesD. is going to arrive13. I don't know when he ______, but when he ______, I'll let you know.A. will come/comesB. comes/will comeC. comes/comesD. will come/will come14. ---Did you write to Grace last summer?---No, but I'll ______ her over Christmas vacation.A. be seenB. have seenC. be seeingD. to see15. ---I’m going to the States?---How long ___ you___ in the States?A. are; stayedB. are; stayingC. have; stayedD. did; stay16. I’ve won a holiday for two weeks to Florida. I ____ my mum.A.am takingB. have takenC. takeD. will have taken17. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy take because technology ____ so rapidly.A.will changeB. has changedC. will have changedD. is changing18. --- You’ve left the light on.---Oh, I have. ___ and turn it off.A.I goB. I’ve goneC. I’ll goD. I’m going19. --- Is this raincoat yours?.---No, mine____ there behind the door.A.is hangingB. has hungC. hangsD. hung20. --- What’s that terrible noise?---The neighbours____ for a party.A.have preparedB. are preparingC. prepareD. will prepare21. Because the shop ____, all the T-shirts are sold at half prices.A.has closed downB. closed downC. is closing downD. had closed down22. --- Can I join the club, Dad?--- You can when you ___ a bit old.A.getB. will getC. are gettingD. will have got23. I feel it is your husband who ___ for the spoiled child.A.is to blameB. is going to blameC. is to be blamedD. should blame24. At this time tomorrow, ____ over the Atlantic.A.we’re going to flyB. we’ll be flyingC. we’ll flyD. we’re to fly25. ---Are you still busy?--- Yes, I my work, and it won’t take long.A.just finishB. am just finishingC. have just finishedD. am just going to finish26. ---Did you tell Julia about the result?--- Oh, no, I forgot. I ____ her now.A.will be callingB. will callC. callD. am to call27. ---What are you going to do this afternoon?--- I’m going to the cinema with some friends. The film ___ quite early, so we ___ to the bookstore after that.A.finished; are goingB. finished; goC. finishes; are goingD. finishes; go答案：1—5 BBBBD 6—10 BABBC 11—15 DCACB16—20 ADC AB 21—27 CAABB BC。