修筑翻译金桥,构建和谐语言生活doc

Facebook、Digg、Twitter、美味书签()……很多名声大噪且已逐渐步入主流的网络服务都是从国外开始引爆的,而即便是抛却技术上的前瞻性,仅从资源上来看“外域”的也更丰富.当网友们浏览国外网站时,即使有些英文基础,也大都或多或少要使用到翻译工具.在线翻译显然是最便捷的方式,目前提供此类服务的网站有不少,但机器智能翻译尤其考验真功夫,翻译质量的优劣直接影响着用户的阅读效果.在这里我们将全面网罗十个颇有些关注度的在线翻译服务,试炼其翻译质量、速度等各方面的表现.参评在线翻译1、Google翻译网址：/language_tools?hl=zh-CN2、Windows Live在线翻译网址：/Default.aspx3、雅虎翻译网址：/4、爱词霸网址：/trans.php5、百度词典网址：/6、海词在线翻译网址：/7、金桥翻译网址：/8、谷词在线词典网址：/9、木头鱼在线翻译网址：/translation/10、nciku在线词典网址：/一、翻译质量比拼单词翻译测试项1：日常用语翻译单词：boil参考释义：煮沸测试结果：1、Google翻译：沸腾、煮沸等2、Windows Live在线翻译：煮沸3、雅虎翻译：沸腾、开、滚等4、爱词霸：达到沸点、沸腾、煮沸等5、百度词典：沸腾、煮沸、烹煮等6、海词在线翻译：沸腾、煮沸7、金桥翻译：沸腾、煮沸等8、谷词在线词典：沸腾、煮沸等9、木头鱼在线翻译：煮沸10、nciku在线词典：煮沸、沸腾蒸发、达到沸点、(波浪)象沸水般翻腾等测试项2：专业术语翻译单词：Universiade参考释义：世界大学生运动会测试结果：1、Google翻译：世界大学生运动会2、Windows Live在线翻译：未能翻译为中文3、雅虎翻译：世界大学生运动会4、爱词霸：世界大学生运动会5、百度词典：世界大学生运动会6、海词在线翻译：世界大学生运动会7、金桥翻译：世界大学生运动会8、谷词在线词典：世界大学生运动会9、木头鱼在线翻译：词典查询链接无效;文本翻译未能翻译为中文10、nciku在线词典：世界大学生运动会单项评测总结：在单词翻译方面词典类在线工具具有先天优势，即便是有些生僻的词也不在话下，而且释义周详，不同词性的释义都一一列举。

Golden Gate Bridge1.Introduction: The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the GoldenGate, the opening of the San Francisco Bay into the Pacific Ocean. As part of both U.S. Route 101 and California State Route 1, it connects the city of San Francisco on the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula to Marin County. The Golden Gate Bridge was the longest suspension bridge span in the world when it was completed in 1937, and has become one of the most internationally recognized symbols of San Francisco, California, and of the United States.2.History2.1 Ferry service:Before the bridge was built, the only practical short route between SanFrancisco and what is now Marin County was by boat across a section of San Francisco Bay.Ferry service began as early as 1820, with regularly scheduled service beginning in the 1840s for purposes of transporting water to San Francisco. The Sausalito Land and Ferry Company service, launched in 1867, eventually became the Golden Gate Ferry Company, a Southern Pacific Railroad subsidiary, the largest ferry operation in the world by the late 1920s.Once for railroad passengers and customers only, Southern Pacific‘s automobile ferries became very profitable and important to the regional economy. The ferry crossing between the Hyde Street Pier in San Francisco and Sausalito in Marin County took approximately 20 minutes and cost US$1.00 per vehicle, a price later reduced to compete with the new bridge. The trip from the San Francisco Ferry Building took 27 minutes.Many wanted to build a bridge to connect San Francisco to Marin County. San Francisco was the largest American city still served primarily by ferry boats. Because it did not have a permanent link with communities around the bay, the city's growth rate was below the national average. Many experts said that a bridge couldn’t be built across the 6,700 ft (2,042 m) strait. It had strong, swirling tides and currents, with water 500 ft (150 m) in depth at the center of the channel, and frequent strong winds. Experts said that ferocious winds and blinding fogs would prevent construction and operation.2.2Conception:Although the idea of a bridge spanning the Golden Gate was not new, theproposal that eventually took place was made in a 1916 San Francisco Bulletin article by former engineering student James Wilkins. San Francisco's City Engineer estimated the cost at $100 million, impractical for the time, and fielded the question to bridge engineers of whether it could be built for less. One who responded, Joseph Strauss, was an ambitious but dreamy engineer and poet who had, for his graduate thesis, designed a 55-mile (89 km) long railroad bridge across the Bering Strait.At the time, Strauss had completed some 400drawbridges—most of which were inland—and nothing on the scale of the new project.Strauss's initial drawings were for a massive cantilever on each side of the strait, connected by a central suspension segment, which Strauss promised could be built for $17 million.Local authorities agreed to proceed only on the assurance that Strauss alter the design and accept input from several consulting project experts.[citation needed] A suspension-bridge design was considered the most practical, because of recent advances in metallurgy.Strauss spent more than a decade drumming up support in Northern California.The bridge faced opposition, including litigation, from many sources. The Department of War was concerned that the bridge would interfere with ship traffic; the navy feared that a ship collision or sabotage to the bridge could block the entrance to one of its main harbors.Unions demanded guarantees that local workers would be favored for construction jobs. 2.3Finance: The Golden Gate Bridge and Highway District, authorized by an act of theCalifornia Legislature, was incorporated in 1928 as the official entity to design, construct, and finance the Golden Gate Bridge. However, after the Wall Street Crash of 1929, the District was unable to raise the construction funds, so it lobbied for a $30 million bond measure. The bonds were approved in November 1930, by votes in the counties affected by the bridge. The construction budget at the time of approval was $27 million. However, the District was unable to sell the bonds until 1932, when Amadeo Giannini, the founder of San Francisco–based Bank of America, agreed on behalf of his bank to buy the entire issue in order to help the local economy.2.4Opening festivities:The bridge-opening celebration began on May 27, 1937 andlasted for one week. The day before vehicle traffic was allowed, 200,000 people crossed by foot and roller skate. On opening day, Mayor Angelo Rossi and other officials rode the ferry to Marin, then crossed the bridge in a motorcade past three ceremonial "barriers", the lasta blockade of beauty queens who required Joseph Strauss to present the bridge to theHighway District before allowing him to pass. An official song, "There's a Silver Moon on the Golden Gate", was chosen to commemorate the event. Strauss wrote a poem that is now on the Golden Gate Bridge entitled "The Mighty Task is done." The next day, President Roosevelt pushed a button in Washington, D.C. signaling the official start of vehicle traffic over the Bridge at noon. When the celebration got out of hand, the SFPD had a small riot in the uptown Polk Gulch area. Weeks of civil and cultural activities called "the Fiesta"followed. A statue of Strauss was moved in 1955 to a site near the bridge.3.Design and Construction3.1 Designer:Joseph Strauss, Alvin Mauro, Charles Rhys Evans, Leon Moisafe.3.2Structure: The weight of the roadway is hung from two cables that pass through thetwo main towers and are fixed in concrete at each end. Each cable is made of 27,572 strands of wire. There are 80,000 miles (129,000 km) of wire in the main cables. The bridgehas approximately 1,200,000 total rivets.3.3Construction: Construction began on January 5 1933. The project cost more than $35million. The Golden Gate Bridge construction project was carried out by the McClintic-Marshall Construction Co., founded by Howard H.McClintic and Charles D. Marshall, both of Lehigh University.Strauss remained head of the project, overseeing day-to-day construction and making some groundbreaking contributions. A graduate of the University of Cincinnati, he placed a brick from his alma mater's demolished McMicken Hall in the south anchorage before the concrete was poured. He innovated the use of movable safety netting beneath the construction site, which saved the lives of many otherwise-unprotected steelworkers. Of eleven men killed from falls during construction, ten were killed (when the bridge was near completion) when the net failed under the stress of a scaffold that had fallen. Nineteen others who were saved by the net over the course of construction became proud members of the (informal) Halfway to Hell Club. The project was finished by April 1937, $1.3 million under budget.4.Description4.1Specifications: Wildlife is abundant near the bridge. A photograph of the bridge from aboat. Fog at the Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco. The center span was the longest among suspension bridges until 1964 when the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge was erected between the boroughs of Staten Island and Brooklyn in New York City, surpassing the Golden Gate Bridge by 60 feet (18 m).The Golden Gate Bridge also had the world's tallest suspension towers at the time of construction and retained that record until more recently.4.2Aesthetics: Despite its red appearance, the color of the bridge is officially an orangevermillion called international orange. The color was selected by consulting architect Irving Morrow because it complements the natural surroundings and enhances the bridge's visibility in fog. Aesthetics was the foremost reason why the first design of Joseph Strauss was rejected. Upon re-submission of his bridge construction plan, he added details, such as lighting, to outline the bridge's cables and towers. In 1999, it was ranked fifth on the List of America’s Favorite Architecture by the American Institute of Architects.4.3Traffic: As the only road to exit San Francisco to the north, the bridge is part of both U.S.Route 101.and California Route 1. The median markers between the lanes are moved to conform to traffic patterns. On weekday mornings, traffic flows mostly southbound into the city, so four of the six lanes run southbound. Conversely, on weekday afternoons, four lanes run northbound. Although there has been discussion concerning the installation of a movable barrier since the 1980s, the Bridge Board of Directors, in March 2005, committed to finding funding to complete the $2 million study required prior to the installation of a movable median barrier. The eastern walkway is for pedestrians and bicycles during the weekdays and during daylight hours only (6:30 am to 3:30 pm), and the western walkway isopen to bicyclists on weekday afternoons (after 3:30 pm), weekends, and holidays (3:30 pm to 6:30 am). The speed limit on the Golden Gate Bridge was reduced from 55 mph (89 km/h) to 45 mph (72 km/h) on 1 October 1996.4.4Paintwork: The bridge was originally painted with red lead primer and a lead-basedtopcoat, which was touched up as required. In the mid-1960s, a program was started to improve corrosion protection by stripping the original paint and repainting the bridge with zinc silicate primer and vinyl topcoats. Since 1990 Acrylic topcoats have been used instead for air-quality reasons. The program was completed in 1995 and it is now maintained by 38 painters who touch up the paintwork where it becomes seriously eroded.5.Influence5.1Suicide: The Golden Gate Bridge is the most popular place to commit suicide in theentire world. The deck is approximately 245 feet (75 m) above the water. After a fall of approximately four seconds, jumpers hit the water at some 76 miles per hour (122 km/h).At such a speed water has been determined to take on properties similar to concrete.Because of this, most jumpers die on their immediate contact with the water. The few who survive the initial impact generally drown or die of hypothermia in the cold water.5.2Symbol: The Golden Gate Bridge is a symbol of San Francisco's majestic majesticmomentum, attracting countless visitors.5.3Films: X-MEN, Fantastic 4, I am Legend and etc.5.4Torch relay: The torch relay get through the Golden Gate Bridge in 2008 BeijingOlympic Games. The meaning of life, to be fortitude.6.Current issues6.1Economics: The last of the construction bonds were retired in 1971, with $35 million inprincipal and nearly $39 million in interest raised entirely from bridge tolls .In November 2006, the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District recommended a corporate sponsorship program for the bridge to address its operating deficit, projected at $80 million over five years. The District promised that the proposal, which it called a "partnership program", would not include changing the name of the bridge or placing advertising on the bridge itself. In October 2007, the Board unanimously voted to discontinue the proposal and seek additional revenue through other means, most likely a toll increase. On 2 September 2008, the auto cash toll for all southbound motor vehicles was raised from $5 to $6, and the FasTrak toll was increased from $4 to $5. Bicycle, pedestrian, and northbound motor vehicle traffic remain toll free. For vehicles with more than two axles, the toll rate is $2.50 per axle. In an effort to save $19.2 million over the following 10 years, the Golden Gate District voted in January 2011 to eliminate all toll takers by 2012 and strictly use open road tolling only.6.2Wind: Air show over Golden Gate Bridge. Since its completion, the Golden Gate Bridgehas been closed due to weather conditions only three times: on 1 December 1951, because of gusts of 69 mph (111 km/h); on 23 December 1982, because of winds of 70 mph (113 km/h); and on 3 December 1983, because of wind gusts of 75 mph (121 km/h).6.3Seismic retrofit: Modern knowledge of the effect of earthquakes on structures led toa program to retrofit the Golden Gate to better resist seismic events. The proximity of thebridge to the San Andreas Fault places it at risk for a significant earthquake. Once thought to have been able to withstand any magnitude of foreseeable earthquake, the bridge was actually vulnerable to complete structural failure (i.e., collapse) triggered by the failure of supports on the 320-foot (98 m) arch over Fort Point.A $392 million program was initiated to improve the structure's ability to withstand such an event with only minimal (repairable) damage. The retrofit's planned completion date is 2012.6.4Doyle drive replacement project:The elevated approach to the Golden GateBridge through the San Francisco Presidio is popularly known as Doyle Drive, dating back to 1933, was named after Frank P. Doyle, director of the California State Automobile Association. The highway carries approximately 91,000 vehicles each weekday between downtown San Francisco and suburban Marin County. However, the road has been deemed "vulnerable to earthquake damage", has a problematic 4-lane design, and lacks shoulders. For these reasons, a San Francisco County Transportation Authority study recommended that the current outdated structure be replaced with a more modern, efficient, and multimodal transportation structure. Construction on the $1 billion replacement, known as the Presidio Parkway, began in December 2009and is expected to be completed in 2013.7.Summary:Golden Gate Bridge is one of the world-famous bridge, a bridge projectas a modern miracle. It is located in California, on the Golden Gate Strait. The bridge at either end of a 1124 feet high steel tower, steel tower above the water surface of 746 feet for some, which is equivalent to 70-story building; two steel tower between the two hanging with a diameter of 36.5 inches of steel cables, the bridge is With two steel cables hanging mid-air.Steel tower between the bridge span to 4200 feet, is one of the world's longest bridge span in one of the rare. Bridge opening 200 feet high, large ships can pass unimpeded.Also be extended at both ends of the bridge to go out, the entire bridge to reach a total length of 6500 feet, and end the construction of the two auxiliary steel towers, the bridge so that the more magnificent. It is considered a symbol of San Francisco.。

Chapter16Building Bridges16.1Setting the StageA bridge is a structure built over a river,etc.to connect one shore to another.The simplest bridge is a beam bridge.Other bridge types include truss,arch,and sus-pension.A truss bridge uses a series of triangles(trusses)for support.This activity provides an opportunity to design,make,and test your own bridges.16.2Science/Engineering1.Problem:Each team of at least two students will design and build a bridge(made of unbendable plastic straws)with a span of6.5in.(16.25cm)that will hold as much weight as possible.Washers will be added to a small plastic container(placed in the center of the bridge)until the bridge collapses or bends at least1in.from its original position(whichever comesfirst).Problem posed as a question:What type of bridge will you design and build to hold as many washers as possible?16.3Science2.Hypothesis:Make an educated guess as to the number of washers that your bridge will hold.Write your answer in the space provided.Students design,build,and test their own bridges to determine which one can support the most weight.©Springer International Publishing Switzerland2016113 H.Kanematsu and D.M.Barry,STEM and ICT Educationin Intelligent Environments,Intelligent Systems Reference Library91,DOI10.1007/978-3-319-19234-5_1611416Building Bridges 3.Materials:15non bendable plastic straws(at least8in.long),tape,scissors, ruler,balance,washers,plastic container(example:plastic cup),graph paper, computer,iPad,camera,iPhone,and Bridge Design Chart.16.4Technologyputer Use:Do a Google search tofind out about the different types of bridges and how they work.Write this information in the space provided.List your references in the reference section at the end of this lesson.Beam Bridge Information:Truss Bridge Information:Suspension Bridge Information:Other Bridge Information:2.iPad Use:Use the Google Earth App on the iPad to locate and observe in detail various bridges such as the Golden Gate Bridge in California.Write the useful information(that you obtained)in the space provided.Useful Bridge Information:16.5Engineering115 16.5Engineering2.Identify Design RequirementsThe bridge must span at least6.5in.(16.25cm).The bridge cannot be taped to a support structure(examples:table,books).The bridge must have a spot in its center to hold a small plastic container(for the added washers).Washers will be added to the bridge until it bends1in.from its original position or collapses,whichever comesfirst.The depth of bending can be measured with a ruler.Materials are limited for this activity.No additional straws will be provided.3.Design the Bridge:Make a pattern for your bridge.Draw a sketch or diagram of your bridge in the space e graph paper to draw a side,top,and bottom view of your bridge.Add dimensions(such as length and height)to your drawings.municate the Selected Design:In order to share the bridge design with others,write a step by step procedure for making your bridge in the space provided. Keep in mind that you can cut the straws to desired lengths using scissors.Also you can connect straw sections together using tape.Procedure1.2.3.4.5.5.Implement the Design:Use the pattern to build the bridge.6.Test the Product:Test the bridge.11616Building Bridges 16.6Technology3.Camera or iPhone Use:Use a camera or an iPhone to take photos of your bridge.16.7Mathematics1.Measurementa.When building bridges,engineers must consider loads(which are weightsand forces)that a structure must withstand.The dead load is the weight of the structure e a balance to determine the dead load(weight of the bridge).Record this value which can be expressed in ounces,pounds or Newtons.One Newton is about0.224811b.Record this value on the Bridge Design Chart.The live load is the weight that is added to the bridge.For this activity it would be the weight of the plastic container and the added e a balance to determine the live load for your bridge.Add this value to the Bridge Design Chart.b.Count the number of washers that your bridge held and record this value onthe Chart.2.Calculationa.Determine the success of your bridge by solving the following equation.PERCENT OF WHOLE EQUALS PART(dead load) (live load)In other words:LIVE LOAD DIVIDED BY DEAD LOAD AND THEN MULTIPLIEDBY 100 IS THE PERCENT OF THE BRIDGE WEIGHT THAT THEBRIDGE COULD HOLD (AS ALIVELOAD).Write your answer in the space provided. ______________________16.8Science117 16.8Science4.Analysis:a.Was your hypothesis correct? _______________. How many washersdid your bridge hold? ___________. Enter this value ony our BridgeDesign Chart. Complete the Bridge Design Chart.5.Conclusion:a. Based on your overall results, write a concluding statement (in the spaceprovided) about the success of your bridge. ________________________b. If you had an opportunity to design another bridge, what would you dodifferently?11816Building Bridges 16.9Bridge Design ChartType of bridge built:Number of straw sections used for bridge:Number of triangles included in the bridge:Hypothesis (estimated number of washersheld bybridge):Actual number of washers held by bridge:Dead Load(in ounces, pounds, or Newtons)Live Load (in ounces, pounds, or Newtons)QUESTIONS:1. Did you build a successful bridge? ___________. Explain. ____________2. Bridges are subject to stress. The download force (of the weight of the bridge itself) creates a stress called compression, which pushes a material together. Asecond type of stress is called tension, which pulls a material apart. Howdoes the use of triangle sections affect the stress on a bridge? ___________16.10AssessmentIn order to successfully carry out this activity the students must perform certain tasks,which we refer to as Performance Goals.The students will be assessed on how well they meet these goals.The three main Performance Goals for this lesson are provided.16.10Assessment119 Three Main Performance Goals1.Were the students able to use a computer,etc.to obtain information aboutdifferent types of bridges?(Hint:Check their list of references at the end of this lesson.)2.Were the students able to design a bridge with a span of6.5in.?3.Were the students able to build a successful bridge?(Hint:Did the bridge holdzero washers,a few washers,or many washers?)16.11Additional Activities1.Repeat this activity by designing,building,and testing a modified and improvedbridge.2.Repeat this activity using different materials to make the bridge(examples:spaghetti,toothpicks).3.More advanced students can calculate the internal force in truss bridge membersthat are arranged in interconnected triangles.They need to use vectors and concepts from Trigonometry.References1.(Students list their references.)。

Building a Beautiful China: Our Responsibilityand VisionAs a junior high student in China, I am deeply aware of the significance of contributing to the construction of a beautiful China. This vision encompasses not only the environmental protection but also the cultural, economic, and social aspects of our country. Beautiful China is not just about having clear skies and green landscapes; it's about fostering a harmonious society where everyone can thrive.Environmentally, building a beautiful China means taking care of our planet. With the ever-increasing pollution and deforestation, it's crucial that we, as young people, take the initiative to protect our environment. We should avoid littering, conserve water, and reduce our carbon footprint by cycling or walking instead of taking cars whenever possible. Furthermore, we should encourage our peers and families to adopt sustainable practices and reduce waste.Culturally, Beautiful China represents the rich heritage and traditions of our country. We should respectand uphold our cultural values, whether it's throughlearning and practicing traditional arts like painting, calligraphy, or music, or by participating in cultural events and festivals. By doing so, we not only preserve our cultural identity but also promote it to the world.Economically, a beautiful China is one that is prosperous and equitable. We should aim to learn andacquire skills that will contribute to the development of our country. Whether it's through science, technology, or other fields, we can all play a part in making China aglobal leader. Additionally, we should strive for fairness and inclusivity, ensuring that everyone has equal opportunities to succeed.Socially, building a beautiful China means fostering a harmonious and inclusive society. We should treat everyone with respect and kindness, regardless of their background, beliefs, or abilities. By promoting unity and understanding, we can create a society where everyone feels valued and belongs.In conclusion, building a beautiful China is a responsibility that we all share. It requires our efforts,dedication, and commitment to making our country a better place. As junior high students, we have the potential and the power to shape the future of China. Let us work together to create a beautiful China that we can all be proud of.**建设美丽中国：我们的责任与愿景**作为中国的一名初中生，我深知为建设美丽中国贡献力量的重要性。

建筑与自然环境的和谐共生（英文中文双语版优质文档）The harmonious coexistence of architecture and the natural environment is a concept that pursues the coexistence of human life and natural ecology. It aims to create buildings that can be in harmony with the surrounding environment and provide a good experience of living and working in such an environment. Such buildings can not only bring a comfortable and healthy living environment, but also reduce the damage to the natural environment caused by human activities. How to realize the harmonious coexistence of architecture and natural environment?First of all, the harmonious coexistence of architecture and natural environment needs to consider the natural characteristics of the surrounding environment. Architects need to understand the climate, topography, vegetation and other characteristics of the surrounding natural environment, and make full use of these characteristics in the design. For example, designing a building with an organic shape to fit the topography of the surrounding natural environment. At the same time, by greening and preserving the natural landscape, the building can be integrated into the surrounding natural environment, blurring the boundary between the building and the natural environment.Secondly, the harmonious coexistence of buildings and the natural environment needs to consider the energy consumption and environmental protection of buildings. The use of environmentally friendly materials and energy-saving technologies can reduce the impact of buildings on the natural environment. For example, using solar panels to provide energy for buildings, using water recycling systems to save water resources, etc.In addition, the harmonious coexistence of buildings and the natural environment also needs to consider the impact of human activities on buildings. Architects need to consider the impact of human activities on the surrounding natural environment, such as noise from buildings, light pollution, etc. These impacts on the surrounding environment can be reduced through the proper design of building structures and environmental control systems.Finally, the harmonious coexistence of architecture and the natural environment also needs to consider the interaction between human beings and the natural environment. Architects need to design the space and layout of buildings so that people can fully contact and feel the natural environment. At the same time, designers also need to consider the impact of buildings on the surrounding environment, so that people can enjoy a comfortable life while protecting the surrounding environment.To sum up, the harmonious coexistence of buildings and the natural environment is a concept that pursues the coexistence of human life and natural ecology. It needs to consider the natural characteristics of the surrounding environment, the energy consumption and environmental protection of buildings, the impact of human activities on buildings, and the relationship between humans and nature. interaction between environments. Architects need to start from the perspective of environmental protection, integrate into the natural ecosystem, and minimize the damage of buildings to the surrounding environment. Such buildings can not only provide people with a comfortable living and working environment, but also contribute to the protection of the natural environment and realize the harmonious coexistence of human beings and nature.建筑与自然环境的和谐共生是一个追求人类生活与自然生态共存的理念。

论文之家搜集整理17个自考英语语言文学毕业论文题目，仅供参考。

006语言教学研究（如：语言研究与语言习惯、教学方法和技巧研究、教材分析和评估研究、测试与评估研究、课堂教学管理研究、教育技术的使用与开展研究）007翻译学理论研究008翻译方法个案研究（如：“从海明威的短篇小说一个干净、明亮的地方看简洁句的翻译”）009中外翻译比较010文化与外语学习011中西方文化比较012地域文化研究（如：“美国六十年代的摇滚学??社会的晴雨表”）013国外教学法研究014教学方法和技巧研究（如：语法教学就一定枯燥无味吗？交际教学法和学习效果的探讨研究）015教学管理研究016学生个体差异研究（转载自论文之家，请保留此标记。

）（如：不同性格的学生的口语能力有何不同？）017其他（如：国际关系类论文等）001国别文学研究和地域文学研究（如：英国文学、美国文学、澳大利亚文学、加拿大文学、新西兰文学/西方文学、大洋洲文学等）002文学流派研究（如：浪漫主义、现实主义、自然主义、超现实主义、存在主义、黑色幽默、意识流、女性主义文学等）003作家研究和文本分析（如：阿瑟.米勒研究、海明威研究、狄更斯研究；论莎士比亚的“威尼斯商人”等）004中外比较文学研究（如：尤金.奥尼尔和曹禺戏剧作品之比较）005语言学研究（如：语言研究、文字研究、词汇研究、短语和句子研究、语篇研究、语言与文化等）(本文作者:未知，来源:网络，责任编辑:fanwen123)您可以访问论文之家（）查看更多《2010年自考英语语言文学毕业论文题目》相关文章。

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璞”的意思是含玉的石头，也指没有雕琢的玉；“宗”乃万物之根本之意。

“宗璞”就是万物之宗，未经雕琢解释】:盘：盘旋，弯曲。

虬：古代传说中有角的小龙：龙。

盘曲的虬，卧居的龙。

比喻隐藏的人才。

【近义词】:藏龙卧虎盘龙卧虎 ...盘绕横卧着的...聒聒：声音嘈杂鹤唳云端词语:鹤唳云端读音:hè lì yún duān 单独解释:鹤,白鹤;唳,鸟鸣;云端,云上,云中释义:白鹤在云端飞鸣。

凹者为壑就是凹下去的地方是沟,壑就是沟的意思慧心未泯慧心未泯:指人虽然经过滚滚红尘的洗练。

但是心灵深处的良知并未因此而泯灭。

仍然有成道的希望。

也指智慧没有丧失基本信息慧心未泯(huì xīn wèi mǐn) 慧心:原指佛教用语,指能够领会佛理的心,现在泛指智慧。

...蜕作蜕作tuìzuō巧夺天工的文章。

另一个解释蛇类等脱去身上的老皮,叫蜕。

蜕作===改头换面,以另类形象出现。

险象迭生【拼音】xiǎn xiàng dié shēng 【释义】危险的事情一个接一个地发生。

迭:一个接一个的【字义】“迭”是“屡次、多次”的意思。

生:发生。

【近义词】险象环生、岌岌可危、危在旦夕杂糅把两种不同的句法结构混杂在一个表达式中,结果造成语句结构混乱、语义纠缠,这样的语病就叫杂糅。

10月15日第三单元1.酝;酿【部首】酉【结构】左右【笔画】11画;14画【拼音】yùn niàng 【解释]】1, 造酒材料加工后的发酵过程,比喻事前考虑或切磋协商使条件成熟。

2.黄晕黄晕拼音:huáng yùn 【近义词】:黄昏。

【解义】:指从太阳落山到天黑的一段时间。

3.抖擞拼音:dǒu sǒu 词义:焕发、振作、旺盛的样子。

英文:enliven 例句:精神抖擞。

施加外力抖动或振动。

例句:它们在霞光中抖擞着翅膀,从草地上飞起。

4.澄澈澄澈chéng chè形容词该词语的信息[transparently clear and limpid] ①水清见底:澄澈可鉴/澄澈见底。

搭起国家之间“有声”的桥梁作者：刘煜来源：《留学》2022年第06期全球化进程的不断发展促进了世界各国的交流，如今中国在全世界范围内的影响力日益扩大。

其中一项极为突出的外在表现就是，近年来喜爱中国文化的外国人越来越多，把汉语作为第二语言学习的外国人也在与日俱增。

这使得对外汉语教学的发展迎来了新机遇，也让很多中国人选择成为对外汉语教师，将中文传播到世界各个角落。

对外汉语是对外汉语教学的简称，通常指对外国人的汉语教学，英语全称为Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language（TCFL）。

对外汉语教学是让外国朋友学习汉语、了解中国的重要方式，也是将中华文化传播至全世界的重要途径。

随着我国综合国力的不断增强和国际地位的日益提升，我国同国际社会的交往日益密切，汉语的使用也更加频繁。

汉语在世界范围内影响力有目共睹，对外汉语教学也得到发展。

自1978年起，对外汉语确立为一门独立的学科，在教学理论、教学体制、教学法研究、教材编写、水平测试和师资培养等方面，对外汉语教学体系不断完善且成果斐然，正在成为一种具有显著国际性的语言教学模式。

对于不曾了解过中国的外国人来说，中国悠久的历史和独特的文化是颇具吸引力的，而汉语传播、文化交流的任务除了身处海外的留学生、居住者以及旅行者的个人行为之外，在国家层面政策的支持下更加具有指向性。

1999年12月，第二届全国对外汉语教学工作会议在京召開，会议提出了今后我国对外汉语教学的目标和任务，为我国对外汉语教学指明了方向。

自2004年以来，我国开始在海外设立以教授汉语和传播中国民族文化为宗旨的孔子学院，第一所孔子学院设立在韩国，之后如雨后春笋般孔子学院在世界五大洲相继设立。

短短几年间，已有80多所孔子学院和孔子课堂在世界30多个国家和地区落户，新的孔子学院仍在国外不断增多。

截至2019年12月，已有162个国家和地区建立了550所孔子学院和1172个孔子课堂。

经典演讲稿(15篇)经典演讲稿1尊敬的各位领导、老师：大家好，我今天演讲的题目是《传承国学经典争当有志青年》。

“滚滚长江东逝水，浪花淘尽英雄”。

泱泱中华，五千年文明。

悠久的岁月，积淀了深厚的文化底蕴；漫长的历史，凝成了经久不蓑的传统文化。

中华民族用自己的智慧演练了楚辞汉赋、唐诗宋词。

每当我们徜徉其中，感受国学的博大与精深，品味中华文化的优美时，我们都禁不住深深的陶醉。

在传统文化的海洋里，有岳飞的《满江红》，有曹操的《观沧海》,还有李清照的《夏日绝句》。

瞧，那精忠报国的岳飞，力抗金兵，保家卫国，但即使皇帝昏庸，奸臣当道，却依然唱出“三十功名尘与土，八千里路云和月。

”！看那，一代枭雄曹操，东临碣石，以观沧海，即使岁月染白了他的须发，仍旧高唱“老骥伏枥，志在千里。

”！还有那乱世漂泊的李清照，纵然帘卷西风，瘦比黄花，仍旧吟出“生当做人杰，死亦为鬼雄。

”！那或铿锵或柔美的词章，溅落在历史的长河里，激起了遥远的绝响！作为新时代的一名青年教师，我肩负着传承中华经典文化、启迪祖国未来的重任。

而在工作中，我要把国学经典作为教学内容的一部分，每天早晨来到教室，面对天真的孩子们，我带着他们背一段三字经，演一段千字文，或者讲一段历史故事，让自己和孩子们伴随着清新的晨风在古书的海洋里收获一份世外的宁静，让国学经典拉近我们与古人的距离，启迪我们的心灵，充实我们的思想。

老师们，让我们从今天做起，拂去历史的尘埃，共同打开一本国学经典，用心去细细品味那古老却不陈旧、遥远却不陌生、高雅却不脱俗的国学经典吧！经典演讲稿2尊敬的各位领导、老师们：我们都知道万物离不开阳光的普照，有了阳光，花儿才能绽放，有了阳光，万物才能生长，所以有了阳光，才有了灿烂的世界。

在我们生活中，爱，就像阳光一样，温暖了我们孤独的心，照亮了我们前行的路。

今天，我演讲的题目是《爱是永远的阳光》。

作为一名老师，站在三尺讲台上，日复一日，年复一年为学生传授着知识，我们倾其所有，我们不求回报，我们放弃奢华，我们选择平淡，这一切似乎十分平淡，也十分平凡。

建设和谐世界The Building of a Harmonious World我们提出推动建设和谐世界，符合当今世界发展潮流和各国人名的共同利益与愿望，体现了中国政府和人民致力于世界和平与进步的坚定信念。

We call for and promote the building of a harmonious world, which is in line with the trend of the times in the world today and reflects the common interests and aspirations of people across the globe. This embodies a firm commitment on the part of the Chinese government and people to work for world peace and progress.建设和谐世界，就是要在政治上平等明珠，经济上互利合作，文化上交流共进，通过国与国之间的友好合作，共同应对全球性的传统和费创痛安全挑战，实现世界的持久和平与共同繁荣。

In order to build a harmonious world, there must be political equality and democracy, mutually beneficial economic cooperation, and cultural exchanges that promote common progress, and countries of the world must work together in friendly cooperation to address traditional and non-traditional global security threats and bring about lasting peace and common prosperity for the whole world.面对复杂多变的国际形势，我们要高举和平、发展、合作的旗帜，坚定不移地走和平发展道路，坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，坚定不移地在和平共处五项原则基础上同世界各国和睦相处，捍卫国家的主权、安全和利益，维护我国发展的重要战略机遇期，为全面建设小康社会、加快推进社会主义现代化营造良好的外部环境。