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高三英语复习：定语从句北师大版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：定语从句二. 教学过程：〔一〕定语从句的意义〔二〕定语从句的引导词：who, whom, which, that, as, when, where, why, whose. 〔三〕定语从句引导词选用原如此：1. 先行词是人是物2. 先行词在从句中的成分或作用She is a girl who is eight years old.Xi’an, which I visited last year, is a very beautiful city.I will never forget the days when we stayed together.〔四〕定语从句的使用1. 先行词是物This is a historical museum which /that I visited last month.This is a historical museum in which / where you can enjoy yourself.I like this book of which the cover / the cover of which / whose cover is green.I didn’t believe the reason which / that you gave me.I didn’t believe the reason why / for which you were late.I will never forget the day which / that I spent by the sea.I will never forget the day when / on which I met you.2. 先行词是人He is a gentleman who / that is loved by his students.He is a gentleman who/ whom/ that his students love very much.Do you know the girl who is in red?Do you know the girl whose coat/ of whom the coat/ the coat of whom is red?3. 引导词只能用that 的情况A 先行词是不定代词或有不定代词修饰时You can take any seat that is free.I will help anyone that are in trouble.I have read all the magazine that you lend to me.There is still much that can be important.Tell us all that you know.B 先行词是序数词或有序数词修饰时Changjiang River is the largest river that I have ever seen.This is the first composition that I have written in English.He is the first to hand in his homework.C 先行词是最高级或有最高级修饰时This is the best that has been used to fight against pollution.He asked for the best book that there was on the subject.D 先行词既指人又指物Everyone wants to see the spaceship and the spacemen that flew around the earth.I like the writer and his works that is popular with teenagers nowadays.E 先行词在从句中作表语时My hometown is not the place that it used to be.比拟：He is not what he used to be.F 先行词有the only / the very 修饰时He is the very person that I am looking for.You are not the only student that can do it well.G which / that 引导的特殊疑问句中的定语从句Which of the two cows that you keep produces more milk?Who is the boy student that is reading over there?H 定语从句中又套有定语从句，其中一个已经用了which / who 时He built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.I 先行词有the same 修饰时He is wearing the same coat that I bought for him yesterday.比拟：He is wearing the same coat as I lost yesterday.4. 引导词只能用which 的情况A 非限定性定语从句中All the books are written by him, which have beautiful pictures in them.B 引导词指逗号前整句话的意思时He said the work would be done by July, which I personally doubt.She is always speaking highly of her role, which makes other unhappy.The earth is round, which /as is known to all.C 介词后Do you know the house in which the lady lived?Do you know the man from whom you can learn a lot?5. 引导词只能用as 的情况I have never seen such kind of people as they are.I received as nice a gift as my mother promised.She was wearing the same dress as I lost yesterday.As is reported, talks between the two countries are making progress.Mary was late for school, as is often the case.注意与which 的区别She has married again, which is unexpected.as is expected.6. 先行词是专有名词或独一无二的物质名词时，通常都用非限定性定语从句The sun, which gives us light and heat, is very big.7. 先行词和从句之间有无逗号会引起句子意思的变化He said nothing that made me unhappy.He said nothing, which made me unhappy.8. 容易混淆的句型9. 定语从句的主谓一致问题。
第一课时一．语法定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
前者起限定作用，去掉则句子不完整，例：I visited the school where I study.后者起补充说明的作用，去掉句子依然完整，例：His mother ,who loves him very much ,is strict with him.限制性定语从句：关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。
1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。
而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句，当先行词为point/case/activity/sport/business时可能用其引导6. when引导定语从句表示时间〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格8.只能用that的情况：(1)当先行词被the only,the very,the same 等修饰时；（2）当先行词是不定代词时，如：all,few,little,no,any,much,every,something,angthing,everything等；（3）当人和物同时作先行词时；（4）当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时；（5）在问句以who/which/that开头的句中。
