德国弗赖堡大学基本概况
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德国弗赖堡大学基本概况
德国弗赖堡大学创办于1457年，位于弗赖堡市中心，目前在QS世界排名第171位。下面是整理并翻译的弗赖堡大学基本概况，希望能增加同学们对这所学校的了解。
一、关于弗赖堡大学
Not only is Albert-Ludwig University physically located in
the heart of the
city of Freiburg - its students, professors, and staff are
also an integral part
of daily life in the Capital of the Black Forest. This is
also one of the
reasons why Freiburg has become such a popular place to
study. Aside from the
numerous leisure activities which may be enjoyed in and near
the city and its
proximity to the Alsace and Switzerland, it is above all the
variety of academic
progams which attracts so many students to Freiburg. The
university boasts a
variety of degree programs in any of more than 60 fields in
11 faculties. Upon
its foundation in 1457, the university already offered
courses of study at the
Faculties of Theology, Law, Medicine, and Humanities.
Matthäus Hummel, the first 本文来源：网络收集整理\word可编辑
rector of the university, chose the leitmotif, wisdom has
built itself a house,
for his inaugural address. Archduke Albrecht VI of Western
Austria, on the other
hand, had the education of young law and theology students
for governmental
posts and the church in mind when founding the university.
弗赖堡大学位于弗赖堡市中心，其学生、教师和员工也是这座有“黑森林之都”之称的城市日常生活的一部分。这可以解释为什么学生们那么喜欢来弗赖堡大学学习。吸引学生来弗赖堡大学学习的，不仅是因为其大量的分布于弗赖堡市及附近的文娱活动以及其毗邻法国阿尔萨斯和瑞士的地理关系，而且主要是因为弗赖堡大学提供的各种专业课程。弗赖堡大学有引以为豪的学位课程。这些课程涵盖60多个领域，分布在11个院系。自1457年成立以来，弗赖堡大学已经有了涵盖神学、法学、医学和人文学科的课程。弗赖堡大学的第一任校长
Matthäus
Hummel在就职演说中选择了“智慧建造自己的居所”作为主题。而奥地利大公阿尔布莱希特六世在建校之初已有了为政府公职和教会培养年轻法律和神学人才的教育理念。
Faculty staff and students (by QS)
NumberofacademicfacultystaffNumberofstudentsNumberofinternationalstudents
Intotal1966Intotal23214Intotal3897
International413Postgraduate43%Postgraduate51%
Undergraduate57%Undergraduate49%
师生人数(QS数据) 本文来源：网络收集整理\word可编辑
专业教员人数学生人数国际学生人数
总共1966总共23214总共3897
国际教员413研究生占比43%研究生占比51%
本科生占比57%本科生占比49%
二、弗赖堡大学的历史
Beginnings (15th Century)
In 1457 the Freiburg Cathedral was the site of the
foundation of a
university. The financier and figure after whom the
institution was named was
Archduke Albert VI, of whose dominion, Western Austria,
Freiburg was then a
part. The “Albertina” was founded as a comprehensive
university, including all
important faculties of the time: Theology, Law, Medicine,
and Philosophy. Its
purpose was to educate young theologians and administrators.
Some of the first
students lived in “Bursen” (hostels) on the site of what
is now known as the
“Old University,” where the first lectures also took place.
Classes were held in
Latin.
15世纪：初期 本文来源：网络收集整理\word可编辑
弗莱堡大学建校时尚属于奥地利，因而以其资助人奥地利大公阿尔布莱希特六世命名。时为奥地利哈布斯堡王朝继维也纳大学后的第二所大学。
1457年，弗莱堡大教堂曾是某所大学的所在地。在大学成立之前的金融家和人物即大公阿尔布莱希特六世。当时，在大公阿尔布莱希特六世的统治下，弗赖堡还是奥地利西部的一部分。阿尔贝蒂娜大学即弗赖堡大学的前身，是一所综合大学，有那个时代所有重要的学院：神学院、法学院、医学院和哲学院。当时，学校的目的是培养年轻的神学家和管理员。在第一批学生中，有一部分学生是住在招待所，即现在所谓的“老大学”。最早的讲座也在这里展开。课程用拉丁语授课。
Success (16th Century)
A number of well-known humanists studied and taught at
Freiburg’s
university. They were dedicated to the ideals of education
and tolerance and
understood the invention of the printing press as a signal.
One of them was
Martin Waldseemüller, the first person ever to use the name
“America” for the
recently discovered continent in his world atlas. The
Reformation was a topic of
heated debate at the University of Freiburg, the authorities
finally opting for
Catholicism and loyalty to Austria. Aristocrats and
bourgeois who sent their
sons to the university to prepare for a diplomatic or
military career ushered in 本文来源：网络收集整理\word可编辑
new trends: French became popular, the university hired
fencing and dancing
teachers.
16世纪：成功
许多著名的人文主义这都曾在弗赖堡大学学习或上课过。他们致力于教育和宽容的理念，得到印刷机作为讯号的发明的重要性。在这些著名的人文主义者中，就有马丁·瓦尔德泽米勒。他是第一个在世纪地图集中使用“美洲”一词描述新大陆的人。宗教改革在当时的弗赖堡大学是一个热门话题，当局最终为天主教义和忠诚选择了奥地利。贵族和资本家在将他们的孩子送到大学接受外交或军事教育的同时，也引入了新的风尚：法语变得流行起来，弗赖堡大学甚至还聘用了击剑和舞蹈教师。
Jesuit Influence (17th Century)
The 17th century was marked by the rivalry between the
confessions. In 1620
the Catholic rulers introduced the Jesuit Order at the
faculties of theology and
humanities. Although the order was regarded as modern and
strong in education,
its influence also led to severe restrictions in the
curriculum. The Jesuits
introduced theater to the University of Freiburg and
strengthened the tradition
of debating (How many angels fit on the tip of a needle?).
The building known
today as the “Old University” (after its destruction in
