及物和不及物动词的用法

obviously hoping to _____ to answer
the teacher’s question.
A. rose, rise
B. raised ,rise
C. rose ,raise
D. raised, raise
2. His words on my improper behavior are strongly ____ at my memory. A. impressed B. established C. fixed D. stricken 解析：be impressed by/at/with表示 “对……印象深刻”的意思。
3. The visiting minister expressed his
satisfaction with the talks, _____ that
he had enjoyed his stay here.
A. having added B. to add
误：refer sth. 正：refer to sth. 查阅（参考)某物
误：reply a letter 正：reply to a letter 回信 误：agree sb 正： agree with sb同意某人的话、观点
注：在某些其他用法中，以上有的动 词也可能及物，如insist, reply等动词 后可接宾语从句，operate表示“操 作”、“管理”等时则及物。
They built a new bus station.
A new bus station was built (by them.)
但有些及物动词或词组虽然能带宾语，但不 能用于被动语态中：cost, fit , have, own, hold(容纳），agree with, belong to, add up to, consist of, suffer from…

英语中及物动词与不及物动词的用法区分按照是否能够接宾语，英语的实义动词可以分为及物动词和不及物动词两类。

下面针对这两个种类进行详细说明，希望对大家有帮助。

一、及物动词1.及物动词后面必须跟宾语，单词后用vt.表示它的词性。

例如：He speaks English very fluently .(speak 后接了宾语English ,它就是及物动词。

)又如：We often help each other .2. 及物动词也可以接双宾语。

也就是它后面接了sb. 又接了sth. ,接了两个宾语。

如：She teaches us English .My mom gave me a book .注意：能接双宾语的动词有：give ,teach , buy , find , sell , show , bring ,tell 等。

二、不及物动词1.不及物动词本身意义完整，后面不跟宾语。

单词后用vi.表示它的词性。

例如：His watch stopped.The bell rings at nine .这两个句子中的stop 与ring 就是不及物动词。

2. 不及物动词后面可以接介词，再接宾语。

如：Tom lives in Beijing .Everybody should listen to the teacher carefully .由上可知，不及物动词不接宾语。

要接宾语，不及物动词后必须先接适当的介词，再接宾语。

三、英语中有些动词即能做及物动词又能做不及物动词，需要看句子具体分析。

如：They left last week .(不及物动词)When did Peter leave America ?（及物动词）。

1不及物动词 vi ：是不能直接跟宾语的动词, 可以添加一个介词后再跟宾语，主+vi My watch stopped.主+vi +adv( 状) It is raining now.主+vi +介+名词/代词 Everybody lisened to the lecture .主+vi +介词短语 It happened at midnight.不及物动词无被动 The accident was happened last week . 错The accident happened last week . 对2，及物动词 vt ：其后能直接跟宾语。

主+vt +宾语 I love you .主+vt + 宾+宾 He told me a secret =He told a secret to me.Mary bought me a dictionary .=Mary bought a dictionary for me . 主+vt +宾+宾补 we consider him an honest boy .The doctor advised me to have a good rest .I smell something burning in the kitchen.I often hear the song sung by the children .Keep all the clothes in the closet.主 +be done 被动一定是及物动词，视为不缺宾语。

Rome was not built in a day. 伟业非一日之功。

3.既可以用作及物动词又可用作不及物动词，其意义不变。

begin vi/vtEverybody ,our game begins.Let’s beg in our game.4. .既可以用作及物动词又可用作不及物动词，其意义完全不同。

We saw the mountain when the clouds lifted.消散He lifted his glass and drank.举起类似：beat vi 跳动 vt 敲，打Grow vi 生长 vt 种植Play vi 玩耍 vt 打，演奏Smell vi 发出气味 vt 嗅Ring vi 响，vt 打电话Speak vi 讲话 vt 说语言Hang vi 悬挂 vt 绞死Operate vi 动手术 vt 操作练习 A：I was at the dentist’s last Sunday to have my teeth checked ( ). I had bought ( ) myself a magazine since I had ample time to wait. I was sitting ( ) in the waiting room when a young man entered. He had also come to see ( ) the dentist. We had a casual conversation in the waiting room. We talked ( ) about many things, basketball, music, medical insurance, etc. Then our topic turned( ) to our teeth. He told me he had a hole in one of his teeth and wanted to have it filled. ‘It hurts ( ) a lot,’ he told me, ‘whenever I eat something hot or cold.’ It was obvious that he was suffering ( ) great pain when he talked. I thought ( ) it better to comfort him in some way, so I told him not to worry, because I had exactly the same experience. After the hole in my tooth was filled, I felt quite all right. Hearing this, he smiled ( ) happily.B1. answer/answer fora. Hearing the bell, Jane got up from her chair and went to __________ the door.b. If you continue to behave like this, you’ll have to ____________ your behavior.2. benefit/benefit froma. The project has __________ the country in many aspects.b. It is expected that both countries will ___________ this agreement.3. decide/decide againsta. Have you _________ what to do aftergraduation?b. To our surprise, they ________________ the plan without any explanation.4. pay/pay fora. He thanked the repairman and ______ him twenty dollars.b. To ________ the ticket for the concert, my sister decided to take a part-time job.5. adjust/adjust toa. I’m afraid we have to _________ the development of computer technology.b. The monitor needs to be ________ so that everyone can read what is on the screen.。

及物动词与不及物动词的区别从是否需要宾语来分，实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词两类。

及物动词和不及物动词，可以结合汉语来理解，及物动词都有动作的承受者。

所有的及物动词都可以翻译成“被”字句型。

例如：我打了他，I hit him,翻译成“被”字句型为：He was hit by me，他被我打了。

不及物动词则不可以，如：他死了，He died. 此处died 为不及物动词，则不可以说，He was died，他被死了。

1.及物动词1)及物动词后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词，叫做及物动词(transitive verb)。

可以用于："主＋谓＋宾"；"主＋谓＋双宾"；"主＋谓＋宾＋宾补"结构。

如：单宾语He's reading a magazine.他正在读一本杂志。

双宾语Mr.Zhang teaches us English.张老师教我们英语。

复合宾语必须接一个宾语同时接一个补语We often hear him sing in the park.我们经常听到他在公园里唱歌。

及物动词不必靠介词，就可以带宾语，如：John is giving a book to me.Who will answer this question?如果无意中把介词加上，就错了，如：Who will answer to this question?下列这句从房地产广告中看到的句子，也犯了同样的错："We have many buyers awaiting for available units here.""Awaiting"是个及物动词，后面的介词"for"是多余的，要去掉；不然把"awaiting"改为"waiting for"也行。

许多人习惯上喜欢把介词加到及物动词后面，然后才带出宾语。