英语专业八级考试试题附听力 1

专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷200(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.听力原文：Meaning in LiteratureGood morning, everyone. Today, we are going to talk about “meaning” in literature. “Meaning” is a difficult issue, and what I have to say today only scratches the surface of a complex and contested area. How do we know what a work of literature is “supposed” to mean, or what its “real” meaning is? There are three ways to approach this: that meaning is what is intended by the author; that meaning is created by and contained in the text itself; and that meaning is created by the reader.First of all, about the author. Does a work of literature mean what the author “intended” it to mean, and if so, how can we tell? If all the evidence we have is the text itself, we can only speculate on what the priorities and ideas of the author were from our set of interpretive practices and values. We can expand this:[1]by reading other works by the same author, by knowing more and more about what sort of meanings seem to be common to works in that particular tradition, time and genre, by knowing how the author and other writers and readers of that time read texts—what their interpretive practices were, and[2]by knowing what the cultural values and symbols of the time were.Any person or text can only “mean” within a set of preexisting, socially supported ideas, symbols, images, ways of thinking and values. In a sense there is no such thing as a “personal” meaning; although we have different experiences in our lives and different temperaments and interests,[3]we will interpret the world according to social norms and cultural meanings—there’s no other way to do it.We may have as evidence for meaning what the author said or wrote about the work, but this is not always reliable. Authorial intention is complicated not only by the fact that an author’s ways of meaning and of using literary conventions are cultural, but by the facts that the author’s work may very well have taken in directions she did not originally foresee and[4]have developed meanings which she did not intend and indeed may not recognize. The works may embody cultural or symbolic meanings which are not fully clear to the author herself and may emerge only through historical or other cultural perspective,[5]and persons may not be conscious of all of the motives that attend their work.Secondly, about the text. Does the meaning exist “in”the text?[6]There is an argument that the formal properties of the text—[7]the grammar, the language, the uses of image and so forth—contain and produce themeaning, so that any educated reader will inevitably come to essentially the same interpretation as any other. Of course, it becomes almost impossible to know whether the same interpretations are arrived at because the formal properties securely encode the meaning, or because all of the “competent” readers were taught to read the formal properties of texts in roughly the same way. As a text is in a sense only ink marks on a page, and as all meanings are culturally created and transferred, the argument that the meaning is “in” the text is not a particularly persuasive one.[8]The meaning might be more likely to be in the conventions of meaning, the traditions, the cultural codes which have been handed down, so that insofar as we and other readers might be said to agree on the meaning of the text,[9]that agreement would be created by common traditions and conventions of usage, practice and interpretation. In different time periods, with different cultural perspectives, or with different purposes for reading, no matter what the distance in time or cultural situation, competent readers can arrive at different readings of texts.[10]On the one hand, a text is a historical document, a material fact, and on the other hand, meaning is inevitably cultural and contextual. Therefore, the question of whether the text “really means”what it means to a particular reader, group or tradition can be a difficult and complex one.Finally, about the reader. Does the meaning then exist in the reader’s response, her processing or reception of the text? In a sense this is inescapable: meaning exists only insofar as it means to someone, and art is composed in order to evoke sets of responses in the reader. But this leads us to three essential issues.Meaning is “social”, that is,[11]language and conventions work only as shared meaning, and our way of viewing the world can exist only as shared. When we read a text, we are participating in social, or cultural, meaning.[12]Response is not merely an individual thing, but is part of culture and history.Meaning is contextual. Change the context, you often change the meaning. Texts constructed as literature or art, have their own codes and practices, and the more we know of them, the more we can decode the text, that is, understand it—[13]consequently, in regard to the question of meaning there is the matter of reader competency, as it is called, the experience and knowledge of decoding literary texts.As meanings are cultural and as art is artifact, you may see that this idea that meaning requires competency in reading can bring us back to different conventions and ways of reading and writing,[14]and to the historically situated understandings of the section on the author.[15]At the least, “meaning”requires a negotiation between cultural meanings across time, culture, gender and class.OK Let me recap my talk today. The point of this brief talk is that “meaning” is a phenomenon that is not easily ascribed or located, that it is historical, social, and derived from the traditions of reading and thinking and understanding the world that you are educated about and socialized in.Meaning in LiteratureI. AUTHOR—Interpret author’s intended meaning bya)Reading other works by【T1】_____【T1】______b)Knowing common meanings in a particular parameterc)Knowing how authors and readers of that time interpreted textsd)Knowing cultural【T2】_____ of that time【T2】______—Personal meaning are influenced by【T3】_____ and cultural meanings【T3】______—Authorial intention is complicateda)Cultural constraintsb)Develop meanings not originally【T4】_____by the author【T4】______c)Cultural or symbolic meanings unclear to authord)Not realise all of the【T5】_____ in the work【T5】______II. TEXT—【T6】_____ of the text【T6】______a)Grammarb)Languagec)Uses of【T7】_____【T7】______—Meanings are agreed upon based on the factors ofa)Conventions of meaningb)Traditionsc)【T8】_____【T8】______d)Conventions of usage, practice and 【T9】_____【T9】______—Meanings are complicateda)A text is a(n)【T10】_____【T10】______b)Meanings are cultural and contextual III. READER—Meaning is sociala)Language and conventions work as meanings are【T11】_____【T11】______b)Readers participate in social or cultural meaningc)【T12】_____ is part of culture and history【T12】______—Meaning is contextuala)Codes in literatureb)Reader competency:the experience and knowledge of【T13】_____texts 【T13】______—Meaning is culturala)Different conventions and ways of reading and writingb)Understand the【T14】_____ of the author【T14】______c)Negotiation across time,【T15】_____, etc.【T15】______1．【T1】正确答案：the same author解析：本题询问我们可以通过什么方式来诠释作者的作品。

专八听力考试题及答案1. 听下面一段对话，回答以下问题：(1) 男人为什么去图书馆？(2) 女人建议男人做什么？答案：(1) 男人去图书馆是为了借阅一本关于历史的书籍。

(2) 女人建议男人可以在网上查找相关信息。

2. 根据所听短文，完成下列句子：(1) The speaker mentioned that ________ is the most important aspect of a successful business.(2) According to the speaker, ________ can significantly impact the growth of a company.答案：(1) innovation is the most important aspect of a successful business.(2) employee satisfaction can significantly impact the growth of a company.3. 听下面一段新闻报道，回答以下问题：(1) What is the main topic of the news?(2) What measures are being taken to address the issue?答案：(1) The main topic of the news is the increasing pollution levels in major cities.(2) The government is implementing stricter emission standards for vehicles to address the issue.4. 根据所听讲座内容，回答以下问题：(1) What is the speaker's opinion on the role oftechnology in education?(2) What example does the speaker give to illustrate the point?答案：(1) The speaker believes that technology can greatly enhance the learning experience in education.(2) The speaker gives the example of using interactive software in classrooms to make lessons more engaging.5. 听下面一段对话，完成下列句子：(1) The woman is planning to ________ for her vacation.(2) The man suggests ________ as a possible destination.答案：(1) The woman is planning to go hiking for her vacation.(2) The man suggests visiting the national park as a possible destination.6. 根据所听短文，回答以下问题：(1) What is the main reason for the decline in the population of the species discussed?(2) What conservation efforts are mentioned in the article?答案：(1) The main reason for the decline in the population is habitat loss due to urban development.(2) The conservation efforts mentioned includeestablishing protected areas and raising public awareness.7. 听下面一段对话，回答以下问题：(1) Why is the woman upset?(2) What does the man offer to do?答案：(1) The woman is upset because she missed her flight.(2) The man offers to help her rebook another flight.8. 根据所听讲座内容，完成下列句子：(1) The speaker argues that ________ is crucial for maintaining a healthy lifestyle.(2) The speaker also mentions that ________ can lead to various health issues.答案：(1) The speaker argues that regular exercise is crucialfor maintaining a healthy lifestyle.(2) The speaker also mentions that a sedentary lifestyle can lead to various health issues.9. 听下面一段新闻报道，回答以下问题：(1) What is the main focus of the news report?(2) What is the current status of the situation?答案：(1) The main focus of the news report is the ongoing negotiations between two countries.(2) The current status of the situation is that both sides have agreed to continue talks next month.10. 根据所听对话，回答以下问题：(1) What is the man's opinion about the new restaurant?(2) What does the woman think about the food?答案：(1) The man's opinion about the new restaurant is that it is overpriced.(2) The woman thinks the food is delicious but not worth the high price.。

专业英语八级（政治类新闻听力）模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.听力原文：Democracy was born in Greece and many still consider it the cradle of Western civilization. But in 2011 the bedrock of democracy in Greece, its parliament, has been defended by armed police against battalions of citizens who say their voice has been forgotten. The root of this crisis is money. After years of borrowing, Greece is in debt. Faced with a massive deficit and under pressure from the international community, the government has revved up taxes and put the brakes on spending. That’s been bad news for most Greeks. Business profits are low and poverty rates are high. Babis Papadimitriou, a journalist with the daily paper Kathimerini, says some Greeks conclude that the country would be better to default on its debt and leave the eurozone. Many protestors say the rights and well-being of Greek citizens are not at the heart of government policy. They say their government is making decisions that serve the interests of global economic powers and wealthy nations, while Greek people suffer the costs. Many though still believe that Greece is made stronger by its partners in the EU. And with street battles raging in the Greek capital, without a compromise it’s unclear if the government can maintain its authority. If it fails to do so, Greece may be forced to bid farewell to its membership of the eurozone, whether it wants to or not.1．What is the main idea of the news item?A．Street protests against parliament in Greece.B．The root of the economic crisis in Greece.C．The cause of political crisis in Greece.D．The origin of democracy.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：政治类2．Which of the following is CORRECT?A．EU partners are trying their best to help Greece finally.B．Raising taxes and reducing spending are the way out for Greece.C．Greek government does not concern the interests of Greek people.D．The protestors finally compromised with government authorities.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：政治类听力原文：The court’s ruling says Britain would be in violation of the European Convention on Human Rights if it sent the two men back to Somalia. The men have been convicted of burglary, drug dealing and threatening to kill people. British authorities sought to deport them. But the Strasbourg-based court said while their actions were “undesirable,” they would be at risk of mistreatment in Somalia and therefore they cannot be forced to go there. It ordered the British government to pay the men’s legal fees, totaling more than $ 30,000. The court analyzed each man’s personal and family situation before making its decision, suggesting it might approve the forced return of some people if they had the means to keep themselves safe. British media say the ruling could affect more than 200 other Somali convicts held in the country. The director of the European Institute at University College London, Professor Richard Bellamy, says when there is a risk of mistreatment, the cost to the British government of holding the men and the danger they might pose if they are released from prison someday are not relevant. Bellamy says under the European Convention on Human Rights, a person’s protection from torture is absolute. Bellamy says the Convention is designed, in part, to provide incentive to European countries to take action to help improve the human rights situation in other parts of the world so that foreign criminals can be sent home.3．Which of the following is NOT the crime committed by the men?A．Threatening to kill people.B．Drug dealing.C．Burglary.D．Robbery正确答案：D 涉及知识点：政治类4．According to Richard Bellamy, what is the partial goal of the European Convention on Human Rights?A．To improve human rights around the world.B．To threaten foreign criminals in European countries.C．To legally hold the foreign criminals of other counties.D．To make the British government not to violate the Convention.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：政治类听力原文：The nurses came from across the United States to Wall Street to lead a national organized labor movement against what they consider the inequities of Wall Street traders and banks. They are advocating a new fee on financial transactions that they say should be used for health care, jobs, national infrastructure and education. National Nurses United Executive Director Rose Ann DeMoro says such a tax could raise $ 350 billion—money, she says, belongs to the people. One of the nurses union co-directors, Deborah Burger, says it is time to share. Why are the nurses taking the lead in this transaction tax proposal? Diane Brady, senior editor of the magazine Bloomberg-Businessweek, has written about the nurses’ movement.Brady says Sweden and Japan had to ditch such a tax after a few years. She says the reality is that financial products more than any other products in the world are mobile, so if you add a tax in one jurisdiction all the trades will go somewhere else. New York University business and economics professor Joe Foudy says such a proposal has also come up in Congress during the past two years, but it is dead in the water. Foudy adds there is a huge disconnect between the culture of Wall Street and the rest of the country. The rest of the country looks at Wall Street as having helped to create the financial crisis in the United States, while people on Wall Street view this as, “It was someone who had my job four years ago and it is not my problem.”And he believes there will be rising popular anger as long as the disconnect is there.5．What is the main idea of the news item?A．National Nurses United negotiated with Wall Street to share tax money.B．The nurses protested against the inequities of Wall Street traders and banks.C．The public held a street demonstration against Wall Street traders and banks.D．Wall Street traders and banks are going to charge a new fee on financial transactions.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：政治类6．The likely cause for the disconnect between the culture of Wall Street and the rest of the country is______.A．who raised heavy taxB．who advocated a new feeC．who triggered the public angerD．who created the financial crisis正确答案：D 涉及知识点：政治类听力原文： A two-day meeting of the G8 foreign ministers ended without agreement on establishing a no-fly zone against Libya, with reservations expressed by Russia and Germany. The flight restrictions had been pushed by France and Britain, but even before the meeting ended, French Foreign Minister Alain Juppe acknowledged that support was far from unanimous. In an interview on France’s Europe 1 radio, Juppe said that if such a no-fly zone had been agreed to last week, the Libyan opposition might not have experienced its recent setbacks against the forces of Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi. He said G8 ministers had agreed to relaunch discussions at the United Nations on ways to increase pressure against the Gadhafi government, including a possible air exclusion zone. But German Foreign Minister Guido Westerwelle described any military intervention, as difficult and dangerous. Westerwelle said a no-fly zone amounted to military intervention, and the international community had to be careful not to provoke the opposite effect of what it intended.7．Which of the following country does NOT agree on establishing a no-fly zone against Libya?A．Russia.B．France.C．Britain.D．the US正确答案：A 涉及知识点：政治类8．According to German Foreign Minister, what is difficult and dangerous?A．Military intervention.B．Establishing a no-fly zone.C．The reservations of Russia.D．The toppling of Gadhafi government.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：政治类听力原文：US President Barack Obama pledged assistance for what he called a potentially catastrophic disaster in Japan. Mr Obama called Japan one of America’s strongest allies and said the US is offering whatever assistance is needed. US Defense Secretary Robert Gates said a preliminary assessment indicates that American troops, ships and military facilities were not seriously damaged by the quake or tsunami. Gates says the military, which has enormous assets in the Pacific, is ready to assist in rescue and recovery efforts. The US military newspaper Stars and Stripes is reporting a carrier group led by the USS Ronald Reagan was diverted to Japan as it sailed toward South Korea for military exercises. British Prime Minister David Cameron, arriving in Brussels for a European summit, sent his sympathies and condolences to the Japanese people. Also in Brussels, Swedish Prime Minister Fredrik Reinfeldt said his country stands ready to help the Japanese people. French President Nicolas Sarkozy also offered his country’s assistance, saying France is planning to send planes and other resources to assist in Japan. Chinese Prime Minister Wen Jiabao also expressed deep sympathy for the Japanese people and officials from China’ s Earthquake Administration told the Xinhua news agency that rescuers are prepared to travel to those areas affected by the quake.9．According to US Defense Secretary Robert Gates, American______.A．ships were heading for Japan for helpB．troops were ready for cooperation with JapanC．air force was sending planes to Japan for helpD．military facilities were not seriously damaged by the quake正确答案：D 涉及知识点：政治类10．Who said his country stands ready to help the Japanese people?A．Swedish Prime Minister Fredrik Reinfeldt.B．British Prime Minister David Cameron.C．Chinese Prime Minister Wen Jiabao.D．French President Nicolas Sarkozy.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：政治类听力原文：Prime Minister Gillard delivered what she called a “simple message”as she became the first head of state to address Congress since new members were elected in November. Prime minister Gillard said she stands firm in support of the US-led strategy in the decade-long war against the Taliban and is “cautiously optimistic” about the future of Afghanistan. Australia is the strongest non-NATO US ally, with more than 1,500 troops in Afghanistan. Ms Gillard also pledged cooperation in the Asia Pacific region, where she said the global order is changing the most. She acknowledged both countries’complex relationship with China, but said the United States should not fear China’s rapid growth as it bares the burden of its own tough economic times. In a direct appeal to lawmakers, Prime Minister Gillard urged them to make tough economic reforms and to pass legislation opening the door for more free trade in the Asia-Pacific region. The Australian prime minister also noted what she called the “momentous” upheaval in the Middle East, and pledged her alliance with the United States in condemning Iran’ s nuclear program, and in a call for an Israeli-Palestinian resolution.11．What is the main idea of the news item?A．Australian Prime Minister stands firm in support of the US-led strategy.B．The history of American and Australian alliance in world issues.C．The summit meeting among non-NATO US allies.D．The cooperation in the Asia Pacific region.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：政治类12．Which of the following did Prime Minister Gillard NOT do?A．She urged lawmakers to make tough economic reforms.B．She acknowledged complex relationship with China.C．She pledged cooperation in the Asia Pacific region.D．She condemned North Korea’s nuclear program.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：政治类听力原文：Russians turned out on a sunny Saturday afternoon in Moscow for two rival protests against corruption, the top issue on voters’ minds in this election year according to polls. This tale of two protests speaks volumes about the state of democracy in Russia—20 years after the fall of the Soviet Union. The state threw its weight fully behind the official anti-corruption protest. One day in advance Moscow officials blocked off a one kilometer long avenue for the demonstration. The avenue was conveniently located between a 10-lane highway and transit center with two subway and three commuter rail stations. Chartered buses brought in participants, who were issued flags, banners and crisp white “anticorruption” aprons. Numbering in the thousands, they then marched in groups into the protest zone. There, eight massive video screens and a powerful music system thumped out techno music and anti corruption messages. Each unit chanted its place of origin, in this case Moscow. The protest was organized by Nashi, widely seen as a youth wing of the ruling United Russia party.13．What is the main idea of the news item?A．Russians protest corruption.B．Russians fight for democracy.C．Russians elect their new leaders.D．Russians organize two rival parties.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：政治类14．Which of the following is CORRECT?A．Participants number in the thousands.B．Nashi is a youth wing of the ruling party.C．Some Moscow officials joined the protest.D．The election is on a sunny Saturday afternoon.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：政治类听力原文：NATO foreign ministers offered a show of unity in calling for the departure of Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi, but they ended their meeting in Berlin still apparently at odds over ways to add to their Libyan air operation. The leaders of the US, France and Britain published a joint opinion piece in several newspapers Friday saying a future with Mr Gadhafi in power was unthinkable. They said NATO operations must continue so long as the Libyan leader remained in power to protect civilians and keep up the pressure against the Libyan regime. NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen reacted to the letter at a final press conference Friday afternoon. But only half of the 28 NATO members are actively participating in the airstrikes. France and Britain, which have taken leading roles in the operation, are calling on other NATO members to do more. Following talks with Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, British Foreign Secretary William Hague said the two saw “eye to eye” on what was required in the Libya campaign.15．What is the main message of the news item?A．NATO launches a new air strike on Libya.B．NATO asks other members to do more in Libya.C．NATO fails to add the pressure against the Libyan regime.D．NATO Secretary General answers questions at a press conference.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：政治类16．The news item implies that______in the Libya campaign.A．several newspapers have reported differently on Mr. Gadhafi’s futureB．NATO foreign ministers continue to discuss Libyan civilians’ situationC．US Secretary of State and British Foreign Secretary share the same ideasD．the 28 NATO members are actively supporting US, France and Britain正确答案：A 涉及知识点：政治类听力原文：Thousands of Syrian protesters marched in the streets of a Damascus suburb Friday, shouting and chanting against the government. Witnesses say security forces used tear gas against the protesters who were marching towards the capital after Friday prayers. A Facebook website supporting change in Syria showed videos of protesters marching in the streets of nearly a dozen Syrian cities. In the mostly Sunni Muslim city of Horns, witnesses say protesters dispersed as security forces fired automatic rifles. In the flashpoint port city of Banias, scores of protesters marched towards the city center to demonstrate against the government, despite the presence of army troops. In a move to appease protesters, the government announced the release Friday of some prisoners arrested during recent sectarian strife.A video released by the opposition Sham TV showed dozens of protesters in Banias being beaten by what appeared to be Syrian secret police. Media figures and academics sympathetic to the government tried to downplay the violence and alleged government brutality in interviews with two pan-Arab television networks.17．What is the main idea of the news item?A．Unrest engulfs parts of Syria.B．Security forces appease protesters.C．A Facebook website witnesses a government change.D．Government brutality shows on two pan-Arab television networks.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：政治类18．What does the news item say about Syrian secret police?A．They beat dozens of protesters in Banias.B．They fired automatic rifles in the city of Homs.C．They arrested scores of protesters the city center.D．They used tear gas against the protesters in a Damascus suburb.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：政治类听力原文：Anti-government protesters shouted, jeered and ran for cover after government security forces attacked their protest camp Saturday close to Sana’ a University. The attack, which took place during dawn prayers, caught the mostly young protesters off-guard. Eyewitnesses said that police used live ammunition to try and disperse the crowd, along with tear-gas and batons. The protesters threw rocks and bottles at police to try and stop their advance. Arab satellite channels showed dozens of young anti-government protesters being carried away on stretchers, some with blood pouring from their faces. Others appear to have passed out and laysprawled on the ground. Doctors also reported treating numerous victims of gas-inhalation. Stephen Steinbeiser of the American Institute for Yemeni Studies in Sana’ a says that the attack on the anti-government protesters is causing a backlash among the public and that activity appears to have ground to a halt in many places. The attack on the anti-government protest camp comes two days after President Saleh offered a vast series of political reforms to opposition political leaders and to the protesters. The protest movement is demanding that Mr. Saleh, who has ruled the country since 1978, resign.19．According to Stephen Steinbeiser, the attack on the anti-government protesters______.A．caught the mostly young protesters off-guardB．will lead to a vast series of political reformsC．offered opposition political leaders chancesD．is causing a backlash among the public正确答案：D 涉及知识点：政治类20．Which of the following is NOT used by the police?A．Live ammunition.B．Tear-gas.C．Blocks.D．Batons.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：政治类。

2021年英语专八听力真题和原文答案PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]2021英语专八真题音频.mp3SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section, you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, please complete the gap-fulling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammaticallyand semanticallyacceptable.You may use the blank sheet for note taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.Current Challenges Confronting U.S. Higher EducationSection B InterviewThis is the end of Part Two of the interview. Questions 6 to 10 are based on what you have just heard. Question 6, what did Maureen think about socializing with writers?Question 7, what was Maureen's view about a community for poets?Question 8, why did her sections have concluding stanzas?Question 9, what did Maureen think about her way of poetry reading?Question 10, what is the interview mainly about?This is the end of Part One of the interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based on what you have just heard. Question 1, what is Maureen McLean, according to the interviewer?Question 2, when did Maureen first begin to read poetry?Question 3, who were the most important teachers to Maureen?Question 4, which of the following did Maureen feel more strongly about when she returned to teach at Harvard?Question 5, why did Maureen bring recordings to class?答案解析和原文1、MINI-LECTURE 录音原文Current Challenges Confronting U.S. Higher EducationGood morning, everyone. In our last lecture, we discussed challenges that face universities and colleges worldwide. Today, we'll take a special look at U.S. higher education and see what challenges U.S. higher education is facing. OK, let's get started.The first challenge we are examining in today's lecture is the force of the marketplace on higher education. Many people believe that the marketplace has overtaken state government as the dominant external force, shaping and reshaping American higher education, even for public colleges and universities. You may ask, why is it so? Well, as is always the case, government support is not keeping pace with educational expenditures. So, in many ways the market is having more bearing on higher education than government. In order to create more flexibility, many public colleges and universities are now asking for less government regulation and supervision. In some instances, they are even asking for less state money in return for more autonomy. And, their argument is that the current structures and accountability requirements have hindered their capacity to be effective and efficient. The ability to set their own tuition fees and secure freedom from state policies and regulations in areas, such as purchasing and building, represent just some of the additional autonomy that public institutions are seeking. And many are pressing for new legislation to provide this freedom through a range of innovations, including public corporations, charter colleges, state enterprise status and performance contracts.So, what is the result of these efforts? Well, the result is that activities and research in certain fields and disciplines, for example, engineering, applied natural science and agricultural science become higher institutional priorities because they have stronger market value than other programs such as humanities do. So, what has happened is that institutions create new programs, alter academic calendars and pursue differentfinancial aid policies to capture more and better students, in particular those who can afford to pay high tuition. For instance, executive MBA programs are increasingly popular. Also, institutions seek contracts and partnership agreements and enhance research programs with practical applications that have large financial payouts. In order to do so, they are changing their institutional structures. And how do they do it? Let me tell you, institutions would add new units that focus on generating external grants and bringing new technology to market. They would build conference centers and create for profit subsidiaries. All of these are done to generate more revenue for institutions. What are the implications of this? Well, the implications are that academic research is increasingly focused on marketable knowledge. Entrepreneurial priorities are taking precedence, services are being outsourced, and students are carrying an increasing burden to pay higher tuition fees for their education.Then how do university administrators view this trend? That is, the marketplace is showing stronger impact on how institutions are run. In fact, university administrators see little option except to respond to the marketplace. The reason is if their institution does not react effectively, it will not have the necessary resources to offer high quality and diverse academic programs. Institutions unable to compete may face hard circumstances because government support continues to fall, students become better informed consumers and advances in technology also widen the number and reach of competitors. In turn, the ability to compete for students, resources, faculty and prestige becomes a driving strategic force. At its extreme, competition can overtake more traditional academic values. However, the downside of pursuing market goals without appropriately balancing them against the public good is, is that institutions will no longer be able to fulfill their social responsibility to produce well-educated citizens and face the threat of losing their privileged place in society as they resemble more closely other market driven organizations.Now, let's move on to the second challenge facing U.S. higher education, that is the tension between competition and equality in admissions decisions. Since World War Two, U.S. higher education has been engaged in a process of massification, that is expanding to serve students from all walks of life. Motivating this effort is a widespread belief in the power of education to create social and economic mobility, and a belief in the morality and social value of making higher education accessible to everyone. Research data bear out public perceptions. When young people from low-income backgrounds complete a bachelor's degree. Their income and employment characteristics after graduation are equivalent to their peers from more affluent backgrounds. So, education can truly be the great equalizer.Although there is widespread public faith in the value of higher education, the progress of massification has been slow and uneven. And why is it slow and uneven? Well, one, higher education did not admit significant numbers of racial and ethnic minorities until after the civil rights of the 1960s forced change. Second, despite significant expenditures on financial aid, minority and low-income individuals are still less likely to attend college than whites or students from middleand upper-income families. Although access gaps have nowadays narrowed somewhat, large gaps remain between completion rates. Low-income students come to college less prepared and must balance academic demands with work and family responsibilities.Finding ways to increase the enrollment rates of low-income students and encourage their success once enrolled are two of the most important problems facing American higher education. One of the challenges to meet these goals is that they can conflict with the other central tenets of American higher education, that is, market competition and resistance to government control. As I said before, for example, institutional competition for the most academically talented students is likely to encourage increased use of tuition discounting for students who have no financial need. And this could divert resources away from low-income students who need financial aid. Similarly, institutions may seek to distinguish themselves in the academic marketplace by becoming more selective in admissions decisions, thus reducing the number of low-income students admitted. However, a primary role of government is to mediate the potentially negative effects of competition by insisting that institutions adhere to their missions, and that institutions provide need-based financial assistance to students. So, a constant preoccupation of American higher education is this tension between the competitive, ambitious natureof institutions and the interests of government in promoting important public goals, primary among them, broad access and widespread success for all students.OK, for today's lecture, we have briefly discussed some of the major challenges facing U.S. higher education, such as the impact of the marketplace on institutions and the tension between competition and promoting public goals.2、MINI-LECTURE 答案解析1. dominant / prevailing / governing 等解析：美国高等教育所面临的两大挑战之一便是市场的力量。

英语专业八级考试真题2023年2023年英语专业八级考试真题Part I Listening Comprehension (15 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.1. A) She has already booked a table for dinner.B) She will not attend the party tonight.C) She is still unsure about going out tonight.D) She will be late for the dinner appointment.2. A) The woman is determined to become a scientist.B) The woman still feels uncertain about her future career.C) The man is encouraging the woman to apply for a job.D) The woman must work diligently to achieve her goals.3. A) A black dress.B) A blue bag.C) A green umbrella.D) A red jacket.4. A) In a store.B) In a cafe.C) In a hotel.D) In a park.5. A) The man prefers to go by bus.B) The man has no interest in going to a party.C) The woman is willing to give the man a ride.D) The woman advises the man to take a taxi.6. A) The man does not believe the manager.B) The man thinks the manager is right.C) The man agrees with the woman.D) The man misunderstands the woman.7. A) The man enjoyed the movie.B) The man did not like the movie.C) The man only watched part of the movie.D) The man left the movie halfway through.8. A) A refund.B) A replacement.C) A discount.D) An upgrade.9. A) A cleaner's.B) A bookstore.C) A library.D) An office.10. A) At 4:30.B) At 4:45.C) At 5:00.D) At 5:15.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Passage One11. A) He got a better job offer.B) The company refused to renew his contract.C) He wants to retire early.D) He decided to focus on his writing career.12. A) Freelance writer.B) Full-time reporter.C) Newspaper editor.D) College lecturer.13. A) He enjoys the flexibility of his jobs.B) He pays his bills with the money from his job.C) He writes articles for the local newspaper.D) He struggles to make a living as a freelancer.Passage TwoQuestions 14-17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) Educators should not assign summer homework.B) Students should focus on reading during the summer.C) Students need a long break from their studies.D) Educators should encourage students to do voluntary work.15. A) The majority of students do not like reading.B) Teachers should encourage students to read more.C) Reading improves students' academic performance.D) Students hate being assigned compulsory reading.16. A) Read novels by contemporary authors.B) Share their reading experiences with classmates.C) Ask their teachers for book recommendations.D) Visit the library regularly during the summer break.17. A) To improve students' reading skills.B) To keep students occupied during the summer.C) To prepare students for the upcoming school year.D) To provide students with intellectual challenges.Passage ThreeQuestions 18-20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) He is curious about the woman's cooking skills.B) He wants to know the woman's favorite recipe.C) He suggests the woman try a new cuisine.D) He hopes the woman will share her recipe with him.19. A) She dislikes cooking.B) She run a restaurant.C) She follows a strict diet.D) She enjoys experimenting with recipes.20. A) To try out the woman's recipe.B) To watch a cooking show on TV.C) To cook his favorite dish for the woman.D) To learn how to cook from the woman.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21-25A weather forecast is a prediction of future weather conditions, such as rain, snow, temperatures, and wind. Meteorologists use complex computer models and historical data to help them forecast the weather.One of the most important tools meteorologists use is radar, which is a device that can detect precipitation, like rain or snow, in the atmosphere. By tracking the movement of precipitation, meteorologists can predict where and when it will rain or snow. Another important tool is a weather satellite, which orbits the Earth and provides images of clouds and weather patterns.Meteorologists also use weather stations to collect data, such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and air pressure. Thisdata is used to create weather maps and forecasts. Meteorologists might also use weather balloons or drones to collect data in the atmosphere.Some weather phenomena, like hurricanes and tornadoes, are particularly difficult to forecast. Meteorologists use satellite data, radar, and computer models to predict the path and intensity of these storms.Meteorologists have made significant advancements in weather forecasting in recent decades. Improved technology and data collection methods have led to more accurate forecasts and faster warning times for severe weather events.21. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The tools meteorologists use to predict the weather.B) The history of weather forecasting.C) The impact of climate change on weather patterns.D) The difficulty of forecasting severe weather events.22. How do meteorologists predict where and when it will rain or snow?A) By tracking the movement of precipitation.C) By analyzing past weather patterns.D) By relying on historical data.23. What do weather satellites provide images of?A) Temperature and humidity.B) Weather balloons.C) Clouds and weather patterns.D) Air pressure and wind speed.24. What are some of the challenges meteorologists face when forecasting the weather?A) Collecting data from weather stations.B) Predicting the path and intensity of hurricanes.C) Using complex computer models.D) Increasing warning times for severe weather events.25. What has led to more accurate weather forecasts in recent years?A) Improved technology and data collection methods.B) A decrease in severe weather events.D) Satellite data.Passage TwoQuestions 26-30The concept of time is a fundamental aspect of human existence. Time governs our daily routines, decisions, and interactions with others. However, the way we perceive and measure time can vary across cultures.In Western cultures, time is often viewed as linear and precise. People are expected to arrive at appointments on time and adhere to schedules. Time is seen as a valuable resource that should not be wasted.In contrast, some cultures have a more fluid and flexible view of time. For example, in many African and Latin American cultures, time is seen as circular rather than linear. Meetings and events may start late or last longer than scheduled.The perception of time can also vary within a single culture. For example, different generations or social groups may have different views on punctuality and time management. Younger generations might prioritize efficiency and timeliness, while older generations might value tradition and patience.The impact of technology on our perception of time is also significant. Digital devices and social media have created a culture of instant gratification and constant connectivity. People are expected to respond to messages and emails quickly, blurring the boundaries between work and personal time.26. What is the main focus of the passage?A) The concept of time in Western cultures.B) The influence of technology on our perception of time.C) The variations in how time is perceived across cultures.D) The importance of punctuality in different cultures.27. How is time viewed in many African and Latin American cultures?A) As a linear and valuable resource.B) As circular and flexible.C) As a social construct.D) As an abstract concept.28. How might different social groups within a single culture perceive time differently?A) Younger generations prioritize tradition and patience.B) Older generations value efficiency and timeliness.C) Different social groups have the same view on punctuality.D) Younger generations might prioritize efficiency and timeliness.29. What impact has technology had on our perception of time?A) It has created a culture of instant gratification.B) It has made people less connected.C) It has increased the importance of tradition.D) It has made people less reliant on schedules.30. Which of the following best summarizes the passage?A) Different cultures have different views on time, and technology has influenced our perception of time.B) Time is an abstract concept that varies across cultures and social groups.C) Punctuality is valued in all cultures, regardless of their perception of time.D) Digital devices have made people more focused on personal time and less on work.Passage ThreeQuestions 31-35The modern workplace is undergoing significant changes due to technological advancements, globalization, and shifting demographics. Employers must adapt to these changes in order to attract and retain top talent.One major trend in the workplace is the rise of remote work. Advances in technology have made it easier for employees to work from anywhere, leading to a growing number of remote workers. This trend has benefits for both employees and employers, such as increased flexibility and reduced overhead costs.Another important trend is the emphasis on diversity and inclusion in the workplace. Companies are recognizing the importance of creating a diverse workforce that reflects the perspectives and backgrounds of their customers. Diversity and inclusion initiatives can lead to greater innovation, better decision-making, and improved employee engagement.The gig economy is also reshaping the way people work. More workers are choosing to work on a freelance or contract basis, rather than traditional full-time employment. This trend provides workers with flexibility and autonomy, but it also presents challenges, such as income instability and lack of benefits.Automation and artificial intelligence are transforming the nature of work by replacing manual tasks and augmenting human capabilities. While this can lead to increased efficiency and productivity, it also raises concerns about job displacement and the future of work.31. What is one major trend in the modern workplace?A) The rise of outsourcing.B) The emphasis on traditional full-time employment.C) The increase in remote work.D) The decline of diversity and inclusion initiatives.32. What are some benefits of remote work for employees and employers?A) Increased oversight and micromanagement.B) Flexible work hours and reduced costs.C) Limited communication and collaboration.D) Strict enforcement of office dress codes.33. Why are companies emphasizing diversity and inclusion in the workplace?A) To reduce innovation and decision-making.B) To reflect the perspectives and backgrounds of their customers.C) To limit employee engagement.D) To promote traditional workforce initiatives.34. What is the gig economy?A) A term used to describe the decline of contract work.B) A trend in traditional full-time employment.C) The emphasis on automation and artificial intelligence.D) More workers choosing freelance or contract work.35. What impact has automation and artificial intelligence had on the nature of work?A) Increased manual tasks and reduced human capabilities.B) Improved job stability and decreased income instability.C) Concerns about job displacement and the future of work.D) A decline in productivity and efficiency.Passage FourQuestions 36-40The hospitality industry plays a vital role in the global economy by providing services such as accommodation, food and beverage, and entertainment. The industry encompasses a wide range of businesses, from hotels and restaurants to airlines and cruise ships.One of the key drivers of growth in the hospitality industry is the rise of international tourism. Travelers from around the world are increasingly seeking unique and personalized experiences, driving demand for high-quality hospitality services.Technological innovation is also transforming the hospitality industry by enhancing customer experiences and improving operational efficiency. For example, hotels are using mobile check-in apps and keyless entry systems to provide convenience and security for guests.Sustainability is another important trend in the hospitality industry. Consumers are becoming more environmentally conscious and are seeking eco-friendly options when traveling.Hotels and restaurants are implementing green practices, such as energy-efficient lighting and waste reduction initiatives, to appeal to environmentally conscious guests.The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the hospitality industry, with travel restrictions and safety concerns leading to a decline in tourism. Hotels and restaurants have had to adapt to new health and safety protocols to ensure thewell-being of guests and employees.36. What services does the hospitality industry provide?A) Entertainment and transportation.B) Accommodation, food and beverage, and entertainment.C) Transportation and energy.D) Food and beverage and accommodation.37. What is driving growth in the hospitality industry?A) A decline in international tourism.B) Increased focus on traditional customer experiences.C) Enhanced operational efficiency.D) Demand for personalized experiences.38. How is technological innovation changing the hospitality industry?A) By eliminating the need for personalized experiences.B) By reducing operational efficiency.C) By enhancing customer experiences.D) By decreasing security for guests.39. Why is sustainability an important trend in the hospitality industry?A) Consumers are seeking more environmentally conscious options.B) Hotels and restaurants want to increase waste production.C) It has no impact on the industry.D) It does not appeal to guests.40. How has the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the hospitality industry?A) It has led to an increase in tourism.B) It has had no impact on the industry.C) It has resulted in new health and safety protocols.D) It has not affected the well-being of guests and employees.Part III Translation (30 minutes)41. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.42. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from English to Chinese. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.Part IV Writing (30 minutes)43. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Technology and Human Relationships. You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:假设你是一名大学生，针对科技时代人际关系的变化，请谈谈你的看法。

英语专业八级试题英语专业八级练习题一、听力理解（1道题）You will hear a short news report. Listen carefully and answer the following question.What is the main topic of this news report?A. A new scientific discovery.B. A political event.C. A natural disaster.D. A cultural festival.二、阅读理解（3道题）Read the following passage and answer the questions.Passage:The concept of "time poverty" has emerged as a significant concern in modern society. With the increasing demands of work, family, and social obligations, many individuals feel that they have less and less time forthemselves. This phenomenon is not only affecting people's mental health but also their overall quality of life.Question 1: What is "time poverty" according to the passage?A. Being poor and having no time.B. The feeling of having insufficient time due to various demands.C. A new economic concept related to time management.D. The lack of time for work.Question 2: Which of the following is NOT affected by "time poverty" according to the passage?A. Mental health.B. Physical health.C. Quality of life.D. Social relationships.Question 3: The author's attitude towards "time poverty" can be best described as:A. Optimistic.B. Pessimistic.C. Concerned.D. Indifferent.三、语言知识（3道题）1. Choose the correct word to fill in the blank.The committee has made a ______ decision regarding the new project.A. conscienceB. consciousC. consecutiveD. consensus2. Identify the error in the following sentence.I have been waiting here from two hours, but no one has come yet.A. have been waitingB. fromC. butD. has come3. Which of the following sentences uses the subjunctive mood correctly?A. If I was you, I would study harder.B. She demanded that he leaves immediately.C. It is important that we be on time for the meeting.D. I wish I have more money.四、翻译（2道题）1. Translate the following Chinese sentence into English.中国的城市化（urbanization）将会充分释放潜在内需（domestic demand）。

专业英语八级（听力）练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION B INTERVIEWDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.听力原文：W: Today I’d like to welcome Edward Fox, a seasoned real estate agent, who is going to talk to us about buying a house. Hello, Edward.M: Hello.W: Now Edward, for most people buying a house is a major life event, and probably the single most expensive item they are ever likely to buy. What precautions do they have to take before a real purchase? Can you give some suggestions?M: You are right in saying buying a house costs a lot. But as to me, the most important thing to consider before buying any property is the location.W: Location?M: Right. Because it is where you plan to spend a large part of your life. Or, indeed, the rest of your life in some circumstances. (1) Therefore, consider the type of life you enjoy leading. If you are a very sociable person who enjoys nightclubs and discos, you may consider something close to a city. Anyway, a city is convenient for all types of nightlife.W: Then, for those who seek a quiet life, do you recommend a house in the countryside?M: Well, countryside is a tranquil place. However, do remember that proximity to the place of work also counts. Indeed, we spend most of our life at work, and you don’t want to have to spend two or more hours every day traveling to work, do you? Therefore, transport is of the utmost importance. (2) City suburbs, however, are often conveniently located for commuting to work, or for shopping, without being in the heart of a busy city.W: But houses in the suburbs are far more expensive than those in cities.M: They seem to be. But actually houses located in cities can often exceed the price of suburban houses. So cheek out the prices. You may be surprised.W: Really?(1) So we should consider our places of work and personalities in choosing the location. Is that so?M: I’m afraid you have to take family into consideration as well. You may prefer a house that is away from a busy street or main road. (1) And, of course, remember that children have to attend school: is there a good school in the area, or would your children have to travel a long distance to get to school? Therefore, if you have children, or you plan to have children, location is a very important factor. And, of course, remember that a family influences the size of the property.W: Oh, I see. How many types of houses can we choose?M: There are various types of houses. The first is called detached houses, which stand alone, and are not joined by another building. (3) Then there are semi-detached houses, which are the most common. This is because they are, in fact, two houses joined together, and therefore take up lessspace. And there are town houses, too, which are many houses joined together to form a hmg row. But don’t think that town houses are less expensive than semi-detached houses. They rarely are. This is because they are usually built in cities where the price of property is very expensive.W: Then what about old houses? (4) They must be cheaper than new ones.M: (4) Maybe they are. But if the house is too old, you may be faced with expensive repairs and renovation bills. So have a house thoroughly checked by a professional surveyer before you decide to buy. But then again there are things you can look for yourself. Things such as the condition of the woodwork, especially doors and windows that can be expensive to replace. But more importantly make sure all the fixtures and fittings, things such as cupboards, sinks, taps and bath tubs arc all in good working order because replacing kitchens and bathrooms can he very costly.W: I agree. It’s economical to buy old houses only when they are in good condition. By the way, a lot of property has a garden attached to it. Do you think it’s a good choice?M: It’s true that a lot of property has a garden. If you enjoy gardening, that’s fine. But if you don’t enjoy gardening then you may prefer a small garden, as opposed to a big one. But even if you do enjoy gardening it is important to remember that gardens take up a lot of your time. (5) So keeping a garden in good order may be veU difficult if you work long hours.W: You are quite right. Any other suggestions?M: One final thing is the general feel of the place. Does it have a good atmosphere? And most important of all, would you feel comfortable living there?W: Edward, I never knew I had to consider so many things while buying a house. Thank you very much for talking with us.M: My pleasure.1．According to Edward, in deciding the location of a house, people should consider all the following EXCEPTA．the type of life they enjoy.B．the price of the house.C．the distance between the house and the place of work.D．the school their children can attend.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力2．Which of the following is an ideal place for quiet people to live in?A．City.B．Downtown.C．Countryside.D．Suburb.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力3．According to the interview, ______ are the most common type of houses.A．detached housesB．semi-detached housesC．town housesD．old houses正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力4．What does Edward think of old houses compared to new ones?A．They are definitely cheaper.B．They are too old to live in.C．They may be cheaper but repairs and renovation cost much.D．They need to he checked professionally from time to time.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力5．Edward shows ______ when talking about gardens attached to houses.A．disapprovalB．excitementC．uncertaintyD．indifference正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.听力原文：Foreign pilots are to be drafted into Chinese airlines to relieve the shortage of qualified flyers. CAAC statistics show that about 11, 000 pilots are employed to fly more than 770 aircraft operated by the major Chinese commercial airlines, which industry experts consider as inadequate to cope with the rocketing demand for passenger services. Around 145 new aircraft will be delivered for operation this year in China, and the new planes alone will push aircraft numbers beyond the capacity of training schools to supply new pilots. (6) Industry experts estimate China needs between 1, 200 and 1, 600 new pilots every year since 2000, while the nation’s major training schools for commercial airline pilots can provide a maximum of 600 pilots annually.6．Industry. experts estimate China needs between ______ and ______ new pilots annually since 2000.A．770; 1,200B．1,200; 1,300C．1,200; 1,600D．1,300; 1,600正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：West Aft’lean leaders say they are cautiously in favor of using genetically modified crops. But non-governmental organizations are calling for a five-year moratorium so more research can be done. The issue is being discussed at a U. S. -sponsored conference in Burkina Faso. During the three-day conference, which started Monday, West African leaders said they want assurances that genetically modified products are safe for the people who eat or use them, and for the environment. (7) But the leaders say that in general they believe the genetically modified crops will lead to higher agricultural productivity and therefore should be used. But non-governmental organizations in West Africa remain unconvinced. A protest by non-governmental organization is planned for Wednesday, when the conference ends.7．West African leaders who want assurances believe the genetically modified crops will lead toA．higher financial earnings.B．more genetically modified crops.C．higher agricultural productivity.D．more genetically modified products.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：China’s automobile revolution is accelerating; (8) despite efforts by the government to slow what many economists believe is an overheating of its economy. China is the fastest growing ear market in the world, and sales next year are expected to climb 20 percent from last year. Meanwhile, the world’s automakers have announced they will launch massive expansion projects in China. In recent months, banks have started to tighten their lending criteria, in part a response to what analysts say are the government’s efforts to stop China’s rapidly growing economy from overheating, but ear sales are skyrocketing, with many Chinese using their savings to purchase new cars.8．Many economists believe that the fast-paced growth of car market in China is A．a proof of abundance.B．an overheating of its economy.C．an attraction of investment.D．a result of foreign expansion projects.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：(9) A 12-storey building has collapsed in the Egyptian capitalCairo after a fire in the lower floors. A number of people are trapped in the wreckage and about 30 people were injured. The fire broke out in the ground floor of the 12-storey building in the modern suburb of Cairo. Police officials say it started in a fast food restaurant or possibly in an adjacent home appliances shop. Hundreds of residents lived in the apartment block. They were able to leave before the building collapsed 3 hours after the fire started. (10) Policemen and firemen, however, were trapped when the upper floors came crashing down. Working under floodlights, their colleagues have been battling to free them from the rabble. The governor of Cairn said the collapsed building had planning permission for 4 floors only. But at least 7 other floors were added on illegally.9．The fire broke out in ______ of the 12-storey building.A．the ground floorB．the second floorC．the fourth floorD．the seventh floor正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力10．Who were the majority in the people trapped in the wreekage?A．Residents nearby.B．Clients in the fast-food restaurant.C．Shoppers.D．Policemen and firemen.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力。

2023年英语专业八级考试全真试卷试卷一(95 min)Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension (40 min)In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY.Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Mark the correct answer to each question on your Coloured Answer Sheet.SECTION A TALKQuestions 1 to 5 refer to the talk in this section .At the end of the talk you w ill be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the talk.1.According to the passage, during the 18th and 19th centuries cities we are small in size mainly because ___.A.the urban population was stableB.few people lived in citiesC.transport was backwardD.it was originally planned2.Cities survived in those days largely as a result of ___.A.the trade activities they undertookB.the agricultural activities in the nearby areasC.their relatively small sizeD.the non-economic roles they played3.City dwellers were engaged in all the following economic activities EX CEPT ___.merceB.distributionC.processingD.transportation4.Urban people left cities for the following reasons EXCEPT ___.A.more economic opportunitiesB.a freer social and political environmentC.more educational opportunitiesD.a more relaxed religious environment5.Why did the early cities fail to grow as quickly as expected through out the 18th century?A.Because the countryside attracted more people.B.Because cities did not increase in number.C.Because the functions of the cities changed.D.Because the number of city people was stable.SECTION B INTERVIEWQuestions 6 to 10 are based on an interview .At the end of the interview you will be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.6.According to Janet, the factor that would most affect negotiations is ___.A.English language proficiencyB.different cultural practicesC.different negotiation tasksD.the international Americanized style7.Janet’s attitude towards the Americanized style as a model for business negotiations is ___.A.supportiveB.negativeC.ambiguousD.cautious8.Which of the following can NOT be seen as a difference between Brazilian and American negotiators?A.Americans prepare more points before negotiations.B.Americans are more straightforward during negotiations.C.Brazilians prefer more eye contact during negotiations.D.Brazilians seek more background information.9.Which group of people seems to be the most straightforward?A.The British.B.Germans.C.Americans.D.Not mentioned.10.Which of the following is NOT characteristic of Japanese negotiators?A.Reserved.B.Prejudiced.C.Polite.D.Prudent.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestion 11 is based on the following news.At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.11.The news item is mainly about ___.A.a call for research papers to be read at the conferenceB.an international conference on traditional Tibetan medicineC.the number of participants at the conference and their nationalitiesD.the preparations made by the sponsors for the international conference Questions 12 and 13 are based on the following news.At the end of the news item , you will be given 30 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.12.The news item mainly concerns ___ in Hong Kong.A.Internet centresB.an IBM seminarC.e-governmentD.broadcasting13.The aims of the three policy objectives include all the following EXCEPT ___.A.improvement of government efficiencyB.promotion of e-commerceC.integration of service deliveryD.formulation of Digital 21 StrategyQuestions 14 and 15 are based on the following news .At the end of the news item , you will be given 30 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.14.Which of the following records was the second best time of the year by Donovan Bailey?A.9.98.B.9.80.C.9.91.D.9.95.15.The record shows that Bailey was ___.A.still suffering from an injuryB.getting back in shapeC.unable to compete with GreeneD.less confident than beforePart Three 答案部分英语专业八级考试历年全真试卷2023录音文字材料、参考答案及具体解答听力原文PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALKThe first area in American urban history extended from the early 17th cent ury to about 1840.Throughout those years the total urban population remained sm all and so with the cities.At the first federal census in 1790, city dwellers made upnearly 5.1% of the total population and only two places had more than 25 ,000 inhabitants.Fifty years later only 10.8% of the national population fell i nto the urban category and only one city, New York, contained more than 250,000 rgely because of the unsophisticated modes of transportation, even the more populous places in the early 19th century remained small enough that peop le could easily walk from one end of the city to the other in those days.Though smaller in modern standards these walking cities, as it were, perfor med a variety of functions in those days.One was economic.Throughout thepre-mod ern era, this part of urban life remained so overwhelmingly commercial that almo st every city owed its development to trade.Yet city dwellers concerned themsel ves not only with promoting agricultural activities in their own areas, they als o collected and processed goods from these areas and distributed them to other c ities.From the beginning line and increasingly in the 18th and early 19th centu ries, cities served as centres of both commerce and simple manufacturing.Apart from the economical functions, the early cities also had important no n-economic functions to play.Since libraries, museums, schools and colleges wer e built and needed people to go there to visit or to study, cities and the large early towns with their concentration of population tended to serve as centres o feducational activities and as places from which information was spread to th e countryside.In addition, the town with people of different occupational, ethn ic, racial and religious affiliations became focuses of formal and informal organi zations which were set up to foster the security and to promote the interests an d influence of each group.In those days the pre-industrial city in America func tioned as a complex and varied organizing element in American life, not as a sim ple, heterogeneous and sturdy union.The variety of these early cities was reinforced by the nature of their loc ationand by the process of town spreading.Throughout the pre-industrial period of American history, the city occupied sites on the eastern portion of the the largely under-developed continent, and settlement on the countryside generally followed the expansion of towns in that region.The various interest groups in e ach city tended to compete with their counterparts in other cities for economic, social and political control first nearby and later more distant and larger are as.And always there remained the underdeveloped regions to be developed through the establishment of new towns by individuals and groups.These individuals and groups sought economic opportunities or looked for a better social, political o r religious atmosphere.In this sense, the cities better developed a succession of urban frontiers.While this kind of circumstance made Americans one o f the most prolific and self-conscious city-building peoples of their time, it d id not retard the steadily urbanizing society in the sense that decade by decade an ever larger proportion of the people lived in cities.In 1680 an estimated 9 to 10 percent of American colonists lived in urban s ettlements.A century later, that was the end of the 18th century, though 24 pla ces had 2500 persons or more, city dwellers accounted for only 5.1% of the total population.For the next thirty years, the proportion remained relatively stabl e and it was not until 1830 that the urban figure moved back up to the level of 1690.In short, as the number of cities increased after 1680, they sent large num bers of people into the countryside and their ratainers.Nonetheless the continuous movement of people into and out of the cities made life in the many but relativ ely small places lively and stimulating.SECTION B INTERVIEWM: I’m talking to Janet Holmes who has spent many years negotiating fo r several well-known national and multi-national companies.Hello, Janet.W: Hello.M: Now Janet, you’ve experienced and observed the negotiation strategies used by people from different countries and speakers of different languages. So befor e we comment on the differences, could I ask you to comment, first of all, on what such encounters have in common?W: OK, well, I’m just going to focus on the situations where people are speakin g English in international business situations.M: I see.Now, not every one speaks to the same degree of proficiency.Maybe tha t affects the situation.W: Yes, perhaps.But that is not always so significant.Well, because, I mean, n egotiations between business partners from different countries normally mean we have negotiations between individuals who belong to distinct cultural traditions M: Oh, I see.W: Well, every individual has a different way of performing various tasks in eve ryday life.M: Yes, but, but isn’t it the case that in the business negotiation, they must c ome together and work together to a certain extent.I mean, doesn’t that level up the style of, the style of differences or somewhat?W: Oh, I am not so sure.I mean there’re people in the so-called Western World w ho say that in the course of the past 30 or 40 years, there are a lot of things that have changed a great deal globally, and that as a consequence, national differences had diminished, giving way to some sort of international Amer icanized style.M: Yeah, I’ve heard that.Now some people say this Americanized style has acted as a model for local patterns.W: Maybe it has, maybe it hasn’t.Because on the one hand, there does appear to be a fairly unified even uniform style of doing business with certain basic pri nciples and preferences, you know, like “time is money”, that sort of thing.B ut at the same time, it is very important to remember the way all retain aspects of national characteristics.But it is the actual behaviour that we will talk a bout here.We shouldn’t be too quick to generalize that to national characteris tic and stylistic type.It doesn’t help much.M: Yeah. You mentioned Americanized style.What is particular about American st yle of business bargaining or negotiating?W: Well, I’ve noticed that, for example, when Americans negotiate with people f rom Brazil, the American negotiators make their points in a direct, sophistical way.M: I see.W: While Brazilians make their points in a more indirect way.M: How?W: Let me give you an example.Brazilian importers look at people they’re talki n g to straight in the eyes a lot.They spend time on what some people thinks to b e background information.They seem to be more indirect.M: Then, what about the American negotiators?W: American style of negotiating, on the other hand, is far more like that of point-making; first point, second point, third point, and so on.Now of course, th is isn’t the only way in which one can negotiate and there’s absolutely no reason why t his should be considered as the best way to negotiate.M: Right.Americans seem to have a different style, say, even from the British, do n’t they?W: Exactly, which just show how careful you must be about generalizing.I mean,how about asking you explain how the American negotiators are seen as informal, and so metimes much too open.For British eyes, Americans are too direct even blunt.M: Is that so?W: Yeah, at the same time, the British too. German negotiators can appear direc t and uncompromising in the negotiations, and yet if you experience Germans and Americans negotiating together, it often is the Americans who are too blunt for the German negotiators.M: Fascinating! So people from different European countries use different styles , don’t they?W: That’s right.M: OK.So what about the Japanese then? I mean, is their style different from th e Americans and Europeans?W: Oh, well, yes, of course.Many Europeans nod its extreme politeness of their Japanese counterpart, the way they avoid giving the slightest defense, you know. They’re also very reserved to people they don’t know well.At the first meeti ng s American colleagues have difficulties in finding the right approach sometimes. But then when you meet the Japanese negotiators again, this initial impression tends to disappear.But it is perhaps true to say the average Japanese business person does choose his or her words really very carefully.M: So can we say that whatever nationalities you are dealing with, you need to r emember that different nationalities negotiate in different ways?W: Well it’s perhaps more helpful to bear in mind that different people behave i n negotiating in different ways.And you shouldn’t assume that everyone will be have in the same way that you do.M: Right.It is definitely a very useful tip for our businessman who often negot iatewith their overseas partners, OK, Janet, thank you very much for talking wi th us. W: Pleasure.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTNews Item 1(For Question 11)The first International Tibetan Traditional Medicine Conference will be hel d July 15th to 17th in Lasa, capital city of Tibet autonomous region.China’s E thnic Medicine Institute, Tibetan Bureau and Tibetan Medical College will co-hos t the conference.The conference has received more than 500 research papers from China and abroad. The organizing committee primarily selected 290 articles to be discussed at the conference.More than 50 foreign guests from the United States, Russia, Britain, India, Germany, France, Italy and Nepal will attend themeeting .The China mainland has sent a delegation consisting of 250 Tibetan medicine expe rts to the conference.News Item 2(For Questions 12-13)The government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region was actively adopting information technology and building an electronic government, a senior Hong Kong official said yesterday.This is an integral part of Hong Kong’s Digi t al 21 Strategy formulated in 1998 to make Hong Kong both a regional and world-wi de internet centre, said Carrion, secretary for information technology and broad casting.She outlined three policy objectives in developing an E-government in H ong Kong at the IBM Asian E-government Executive Seminar.The first policy objec tive is to develop an electronic and peopleless government so as to improve the efficiency,cost-effectiveness and quality of public service.The second is to p romote the wide adoption of E-commence with the government setting a leading exa mple.The third is, through the E-government program, to integrate service deliv ery across motorable departments and agencies.News Item 3(For Questions 14-15)Canadian Olympic 100-meter champion Donovan Bailey showed he was on his w ay back to top form on Tuesday by winning the 100-meters at the athletic mee ting in Switzerland in the time of 9.98 seconds.Despite unfavorable windy co nditions, Bailey recorded the second best time of the year short of the 9.91 se t by double world champion Moris Greene of the United States on May 13th in Noso ka, Japan.“I would have run 9.80 if I’d really pushed myself.”said Bailey , 1 996 Olympic and 1995 world champion.The Canadian has been fighting for form since before the Sidney Olympics, following a long-term injury which resulted in a disappo inting series of starts in the season.SECTION D NOTE-TAKING AND GAP-FILLINGStudy Activities in UniversityGood morning, today we’ll look at some study activities carried out in universi t y.As we know, students in colleges or universities are expected to master some academic materials that are fairly difficult to understand.However, some of the m find it hard to learn some complex, abstract or unfamiliar subject matters.As a result, a central problem in higher education is how to internalize academic k nowledge, that is how to make knowledge your own.In order to do so we must conv ert knowledge from being other’s knowledge to being part of our own way of think ing.Then how are we going to do it? What’s the means available to help us in t h e process of learning? There are four key study activities currently used in hig her education to encourage students to internalize knowledge.They are the ones we are familiar with: writing essays, going to classes and seminars, having indi vidual tutorials and listening to lectures.The four activities are long-establi shed features of our higher education, and they are as important now as they wer e a hundred years ago.Now let’s look at the features of them one by one.First, essay writing.The central focus of university work, especially in h umanities, for example in literature, history or politics, is on students’prod u cing regular essays or papers which summarize and express their personal underst anding of the topic.Then what is good about essay writing? Firstly, writing ess ays forces you to select what you find interesting in books and journals and to express your understanding in the coherent form.Individual written work also pr ovides teachers with the best available guide to how you are progressing in the s ubject, and allows them to give advice on how to develop your strengths or count eract your stly, of course, individual written work is still the b asis of almost all assessment in higher education.Written assignments familiari ze you with the form your exams will take.The second key activity in colleges and universities is seminars and class discussions.Their role is to help you to internalize academic knowledge by pro viding such contexts so that you can talk about such difficult problems as the treatment of inflation and the unemployment in economic policy or the use of the metaphors in Shakespeare’s plays.Talking is more active than written work.In conversation you know immediately how effective you are in expressing your point and can modify what you are saying in response to people’s reaction s .In addition, a normal program of between 10 to 25 classes covers far more topic s than one subject.Thenyou can hope to manage your written work.Participating in flexible conversations across this range of issues also allows you to practi se using the broader knowledge gained from other key activities such as lecturesNow let’s take a look at another activity, individual tutorials.Discussi o ns between the teacher and one or two students are used in many colleges as a su bstitute for or supplement to group discussion in classes like those mentioned b efore. Tutorials can range from direct explanation by teachers and are subject to flexible conversational sessions which at their best are very effective in stimu lating students’mastery of a body of knowledge.The one-to-one quality of the pe r sonal interaction is very important in stimulating acceptance of ideas and produ cing fruitful interaction. In order to make individual tutorial really work, st udents should make good preparation beforehand, and during the tutorial they als o should ask questions to keep the ball rolling rather than let the teachers tal k the vacuum.The last activity is lectures.As we all know, lectures play a large part o f most students’timetable and occupy considerable proportion of teachers’eff orts.However the major difficulty with lectures is that they are not interactive like discussions or tutorials.The lecturer normally talks for the whole time wi th minimal feed-back from questions.The science and making notes and the lecture while-con centrating on the argument being developed is often difficult to some students, especially when the argument is very complicated.We have said that lectures are clearly valuable in several specific ways.They can provide a useful overview i n every map, as it were, to familiarize you with the mainland features to be enc ountered during the course.Lectures typically give much more accessible descrip tions of theoretical perspectives in their oral presentations than can be found in the academic literature.Whenever there is a rapid pace of progress in theory or practice, lectures play an indispensable part in letting students know the d evelopmentimmediately, usually several years before the new material is include d in stly lectures are often very useful in allowing you to see dir ectly how exponents of different views build up their arguments.The cues provid ed by someone talking in person may seem irrelevant, but these cues are i mportant aids to understanding the subject matter better later.So far we’ve discussed four study activities and their respective features and roles in higher education.Of course study activities are not limited to jus t these four types.They’re other activities that are equally important, such, a s general reading, project learning, etc.We will cover them during our next lecture.答案与详解PAPER ONEPART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALK1.答案: B【问句译文】根据该短文, 十八、十九世纪城市小的因素是什么？【试题分析】本题为细节理解题。

英语八级听力试题及答案I. 短对话理解（共10题，每题1分，满分10分）根据所听材料，选择最佳答案。

1. A) He is a writer.B) He is a teacher.C) He is a student.D) He is a doctor.2. A) The woman has lost her way.B) The man is not familiar with the area.C) The woman is asking for directions.D) The man is giving directions.3. A) The man is not interested in the movie.B) The movie has been canceled.C) The woman is looking for a movie ticket.D) The man has already seen the movie.4. A) The woman is too busy to go out.B) The man is inviting the woman to dinner.C) The man is asking the woman to work overtime.D) The woman is reluctant to accept the invitation.5. A) The woman is a new employee.B) The man is the woman's supervisor.C) The woman is asking for a raise.D) The man is giving the woman a promotion.6. A) The man is worried about the exam.B) The woman is confident about the exam.C) The exam is very difficult.D) The exam results are not important.7. A) The woman is going to the library.B) The man is looking for a book.C) The library is closed today.D) The woman is returning a book.8. A) The man is late for the meeting.B) The woman is waiting for the man.C) The meeting has been postponed.D) The man is on his way to the meeting.9. A) The woman is a vegetarian.B) The man is allergic to seafood.C) The woman is ordering a meal.D) The man is suggesting a restaurant.10. A) The woman is going to the airport.B) The man is leaving for a trip.C) The woman is taking a taxi.D) The man is asking for a ride.II. 长对话理解（共5题，每题2分，满分10分）根据所听材料，回答以下问题。

英语专八听力真题及答案Part I Reading Comprehension (2x20 points) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1People and the sources of air pollution are found in the same places. This means that cities with large population have the biggest problem of dirty air. Air pollution is caused by many different things. A major source of air pollution is the gas fumes from cars. Statistics show that 93 percent of all auto trips are within cities. Another major source of dirty air is the burning of coal and oil for energy. This energy is needed to make electricity. Of course, much moreelectricity is used in the city than in the country.On the average, we throw away more trash and garbage than the year before. The burning of garbage contributes to air pollution. Many major industries are also responsible for the dirty air in the around cities. The fumes from iron, steel, chemical, and petroleum(石油) production add particles to the air.The effects of air pollution range from mild headaches to death. The levels of pollution found in heavy for traffic may cause headaches for loss of clear vision. Wherever coal and oil are used for fuel, fumes may kill trees and plants and cause metal to corrode. In some of the larger cities, these fumes endanger the live of human beings by contributing to lung diseases and causing early death.1. From the passage, we know that_____. [单选题] *A. air pollution is caused by electricityB. the cause of air pollution is not peopleC. air pollution is caused by many different sources(正确答案)D. headaches and death are not related to air pollution2. What is stated in the passage? [单选题] *A. How cars produce fumesB. Why so many people to live in citiesC. What the causes and effects of air pollution are(正确答案)D. How people in cities feel about polluted air3. Which of the following is NOT the cause of air pollution? [单选题] *A. Trucks.B. Headaches.(正确答案)C. Burning garbage.D. Burning coal and oil.4. What are the major sources of air pollution in cities? [单选题] *A. Trash and garbageB. Major industriesC. Cars and populationD. Cars fumes and the burning for energy(正确答案)5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? [单选题] *A. Heart diseases(正确答案)B. Lung diseasesC. Loss of clear sightD. Serious headachePassage 2Everyone has got two personalities---the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real. You don’t show your secret personality when you are awake because you can control your behavior, but when you are asleep, your sleeping position shows the real you. In a normal night, of course, people frequently change their positions. The important position is the one that you go to sleep in.If you go to sleep on your back, you’re a very open person. You normally trust people and you are easily influenced by fashion or new ideas. You don’t like to displease people. So you never express your real feelings. You’re quite shy and you aren’t quite sure of yourself.If you sleep on your stomach, you are a rather secretive person. You worry a lot and you’re always easily upset. You always stick to your own opinions or judgment, but you don’t raise your hope too much. You usually live for today not tomorrow. This means that you enjoy having a good time.If you sleep curled up, you are probably a verynervous person. You have a low opinion of yourself and so you’re often defensive. You’re shy and you don’t normally like meeting people. You prefer to on your own. You’re easily hurt.If you sleep on your side, you have usually got a well---balanced personality. You know your strengths and weakness. You’re usually careful. You believe in yourself. You sometimes feel anxious, but you don’t often get sad. You always say what you think even if it annoys people.6. According to the writer, you naturally show your secret and real personality _______. [单选题] *A. in a normal nightB. when you are asleep(正确答案)C. when you are daydreamingD. when you refuse to show yourself7. What can be said about one’s personality according to the passage? [单选题] *A. Everyone has one personality.B. Everyone has two personalities.(正确答案)C. One’s personality is unchangeable.D. One’s personality is popular.8. What kind of personality do they have if they sleep on their stomach? [单选题] *A. They are open with others.B. They like new ideas earlier than others.C. They are secretive and easily upset.(正确答案)D. They live only for tomorrow.9. The writer tends to think highly of the people who sleep on their side because________ . [单选题] *A. they are strongerB. they are careful and confident(正确答案)C. they often like annoying peopleD. the always show sympathy for people10. What is the best title of the passage? [单选题] *A. Sleeping Position and Personality(正确答案)B. Feelings and PersonalityC. Types of PersonalitiesD. Types of Sleeping PositionsPassage 3Steve and Yaser first met in their chemistry class at an American university. Yaser was an international student from Jordon. He wanted to learn more about American culture. Yaser hoped that he and Steve wouldbecome good friends.At first, Steve seemed very friendly. He always greeted Yaser warmly before class. Sometimes he offered to study with Yaser. He even invited Yaser to eat lunch with him. But after the semester was over. Steve seemed more distant. The two former classmates didn’t see each other very much at school. One day Yaser was hurt by Steve’s change of attitude; he thought they were friends forever.Yaser is a little confused. He is an outsider to American culture. He doesn’t understand the way Americans view friendship. Americans use the word “friend” in a very general way. They may call both casual acquaintances (相识的人) and close companions (伴侣) “friends” . Americans have school friends, work friends, sports friends and neighborhood friends. These friendships are based on common interests. When the shared activity ends, the friendship may fade.In some cultures friendship means a strong life-long bond (关系) between two people. In these culturesfriendships develop slowly, since they are built to last. American society is one of rapid change. Studies show that one out of five American families moves frequently. American develop friendships quickly, and they may change just as quickly.People from the United States may at first seem friendly. American often chat easily with strangers. They may smile warmly and say, “Have a nice day” or “see you later” . Schoolmates may say, “let’s get together sometime” . But American friendliness is not always an offer of true friendship.11. Where did Steve and Yaser first meet? [单选题] *A. In their history classB. In their English classC. In their chemistry class(正确答案)D. In their Chinese class12. What is the style ofAmerican friendship? [单选题] *A. Americans value strong life-long friendships.B. American friendship is not a life-long one.(正确答案)C. Americans develop friendship slowly.D. Americans do not make friends with strange people.13. The word “fade” (Para. 3) probably means “_____”. [单选题] *A. disappear gradually(正确答案)B. increase sharplyC. become closeD. last forever14. In the eyes ofAmericans, Steve and Yaser are_____. [单选题] *A. neighborhood friendsB. classmates foreverC. sports friendsD. school friends(正确答案)15. “Let’s get together sometime” (Para. 5) is a way to_____. [单选题] *A. be just friendly(正确答案)B. learn from each otherC. care about each otherD. be unfriendlyPassage 4Newspapers, along with reporting the news, instruct, entertain, and give opinions. An important way for reading a large, big city newspaper is knowing how to take it apart. Can you find these separate sections: world news, national and local news, sports, business,entertainment, opinions, classified ads? Does your paper have other sections?News stories give facts, not the author’s opinions. Editorials do the opposite; you can expect an editorial to take sides. Some newspaper editorials have a by-line with the author’s name, but many newspapers have unsigned editorials. These reflect the opinions of the publisher or editor.You can be a better reader if you know what to expect in a newspaper. For example, you can expect headlines to omit unnecessary words. You can expect to find the most important facts in the lead paragraph (the first paragraph) of a news story. You can expect important news items to be on the front page. You can expect less important items to be on the inside pages.Most of all, the more you know about current news, the more you will understand what is in the newspaper; important stories are generally presented one day and followed up on following days. So, an important way for reading newspapers is reading one frequently.16. When reading a large newspaper, one should _____. [单选题] *A. read it from cover to coverB. do some paper cuttingC. find separate sections(正确答案)D. predict what is inside the newspaper17. Which of the following statements about news stories is TURE? [单选题] *A. News stories tell the facts without any comments.(正确答案)B. News stories contain both facts and opinions.C. News stories reflect the opinions of the publisher and editor.D. News stories express the writers’ opinions.18. If you expect the most important facts of a news story, you can go to _____. [单选题] *A. the first paragraph(正确答案)B. news items on each pageC. the author’s opinions on the front pagesD. the headlines on the inside pages19. The best way to read newspapers is to read _____. [单选题] *A. extensively and thoroughlyB. occasionally and carefullyC. frequently and with certain skills(正确答案)D. in details every day20. The main idea of this passage is _____. [单选题] *A. how to read newspapers(正确答案)B. how to read stories and editorialsC. how to find important news storiesD. how to find the author’s opinionsPart II Cloze (1x20 points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passages. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide in the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet.Last Friday, after doing all the family shopping in the town, I wanted to have a rest before catching the rain. I ___21___ a newspaper and some chocolate and went ___22___ the station coffee shop. ___23___ was a cheap self-service place with long tables to sit at. I put my heavy bag ___24___ on the floor, put the newspaper and the chocolate on the table and then went to___25___ a cup of coffee.When I came back with the coffee, there was___26___ sitting in the next seat. It was a boy, with darkglasses and old clothes. He had started to ___27___ my chocolate!Naturally, I was rather uneasy (不爽) about him, but I didn’t want to have any ___28___. I just read the newspaper, ___29___ my coffee and took a ___30___ of chocolate. The boy looked at me in ___31___. Then he took a second piece of my chocolate. I could ___32___ believe it. Still I didn’t say ___33___ to him. When he took a third piece, I felt more angry than uneasy. I___34___, “Well, I shall have the last piece.” And I got it.The boy gave me a strange look, then ___35___ up. As he left, he shouted out, “There’s something ___36___ with that woman!” Everyone looked at me, ___37___ I didn’t want to quarrel ___38___ the boy, so I kept quiet.I did not realize that I had ___39___ a mistake until I finished my coffee and was ready to leave. My face turned red ___40___ I saw my unopened chocolate under the newspaper. The chocolate that I had been eating was the boy’s!21. A. stole B. bought C. sold D. wrote [单选题] * AB(正确答案)CD22. A. into B. near C. beside D. back [单选题] *A(正确答案)BCD23. A. It B. What C. Which D. Each [单选题] *A(正确答案)BCD24. A. below B. up C. down D. towards [单选题] * ABC(正确答案)D25. A. get B. reach C. do D. want [单选题] *BCD26. A. none B. anybody C. someone D. nobody [单选题] * ABC(正确答案)D27. A. cut B. wash C. help D. eat [单选题] *ABCD(正确答案)28. A. coffee B. trouble C. chocolate D. case [单选题] * AB(正确答案)CD29. A. entered B. tasted C. sole D. attracted [单选题] *ACD30. A. bit B. number C. few D. lots [单选题] *A(正确答案)BCD31. A. carelessness B. danger C. surprise D. happiness [单选题] * ABC(正确答案)D32. A. seldom B. hardly C. interestingly D. greatly [单选题] *AB(正确答案)CD33. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing [单选题] * A(正确答案)BD34. A. recalled B. thought C. learned D. knew [单选题] * AB(正确答案)CD35. A. stood B. took C. cried D. looked [单选题] *A(正确答案)BCD36. A. fine B. nice C. ok D. wrong [单选题] *ABCD(正确答案)37. A. and B. but C. so D. while [单选题] *AB(正确答案)C38. A. with B. in C. up D. on [单选题] *A(正确答案)BCD39. A. spelt B. corrected C. made D. expressed [单选题] *ABC(正确答案)D40. A. that B. when C. although D. if [单选题] *AB(正确答案)CDPart Ⅲ True or False (2x5 points)Directions: Read the following passage. There are 5 complete sentences in this part. For each sentence youshouldjudge whether it is true(A) orfalse (B)，and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.The U.S. Travel Association confirmed in a survey what many frustrated fliers already know: The No. 1 airport headache is passengers who pull too many carry-on bags through security and onto flight.That number has skyrocketed in recent years---86 million more bags were carried on in the year than during the same period two years earlier, the Transportation Security Administration estimated.The reason for the carry-on jump is no mystery: All the major domestic airlines now charge to check (托运)even one bag, generally $25. To save money and time at the baggage claim, passengers carry as much as they can on board, with predictable consequences.At the security checkpoints, these millions of extra bags, many of them densely packed, means longer lines. Once pass security, the fun continues at boarding. On a typical flight, there is a fierce fight for scarce overhead bin space, extending the boarding process. Bags that arestuffed under seats make passengers even more uncomfortable.There has got to be a better way. In fact, there is. Here’s what a more sensible system would look like: No fee for the first piece of checked luggage. It would be better if airlines simply raised fares (机票) instead of fees. Limit the carry-on size and charge for large carry-ons. Use templates (标尺) at the security checkpointsto cut off the monster bags that now often escape airlines staffs’ notice until they’re right at the door of the plane. Tax the airlines’ income from fees the same way that fares are taxed. Currently, the fees are tax free, encouraging airlines to generate income through fees rather than fare increases.We’re sympathetic to the airline industry’s need to make money, but the baggage fees---previously intended to offset rising fuel costs---have become an interrupt that slows down the security check, offloads costs onto fliers and makes the boarding process even more unpleasant than it already is.41. The number of bags the air travelers carry on board frustrated them most. [单选题] A(正确答案)B42. The fee for the first piece of checked baggage is the main cause of increasing number of carry-on. [单选题]A(正确答案)B43. Passengers often feel relieved after passing security. [单选题]AB(正确答案)44. To tax luggage fees is to discourage airlines from profiting from fees. [单选题]A(正确答案)B45. The writer is sympathetic to the airline industry. [单选题]AB(正确答案)Part Ⅳ Translation (40 points)Directions: There are 5 sentences in this part. Each sentence isfollowed by some statements. For each of them there are three choices marked A, B, C and D.You should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. (2x5 points)46. It is obvious that the development of science and technology is vital to the modernization of China . [单选题] *A. 显而易见，科学技术的发展对中国的现代化是至关重要的。