倒装句、省略句和强调句
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1 倒装、省略和强调
一、倒装
种类 倒装条件 例句
完全倒装 here,there,up,down,in,out,off,away等副词开头的句子表示强调 Out rushed the children.
表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首 Under the tree stood two tables and
four chairs.
强调表语，置于句首，或为保持句子平衡 Present at the meeting were 1,000
students.
部分倒装 never,hardly,scarcely,seldom,little,not
until,not等表示否定意义的副词放于句首 Hardly did I know what had
happened.
only和修饰的状语放于句首 Only then did he realize the
importance of English.
not only...but also连接并列的句子，前倒后不倒 Not only does he know it, but also I
care about it.
neither...nor...连接并列的句子，前后都倒装 Neither do I know it, nor do I care
about it.
so...that,such...that中的so和such及修饰的成分放于句首时前倒后不倒 So busy is he that he can not go on a
holiday.
as引导的让步状语 Child as he is, he has learned a lot.
so,neither或nor表示前句内容，也适于另外的人或事 He can play the piano.So can I.
用于表示祝愿的祈使句中 May you be in good health.
省略if的虚拟条件 Were I you, I would not do it in this
way.
二、省略
省
略
替代省略 用代词one,it,that,so,neither,nor代替前面所说之人、物或事。例如：
---I want to have a rest now.
---So do I.
---Is it going to rain this afternoon?
---I think so.
结构省略 为了避免与前面的内容重复或是为了表达的需要而产生的一种省略现象。例如：
---Would you like to go on with your work this evening?
---Yes,I would like to.
三、强调
强调 It is...that It was in the park that she lost her necklace.
do/does/did Do be careful next time.
2 四、There be 句型
概念 要点 举例
There存在句表示“在某地方或时间里存在某东西或事物”
此结构中，there是引导词，be是谓语动词，be后面是名词作主语，且主谓语的数必须一致，结尾是地点状语。
1、There is a tall tree in front of the classroom.教室前面有一棵大树。
2、There are many desks and chairs in the room.房间里有许多桌椅。
3、There is a pen, two books and many pencils on
the desk.桌上有一支钢笔、两本书和许多铅笔。
There存在句的否定和疑问。其否定结构须在be动词后加not(any),no构成；疑问句将there与be次序颠倒即可。 1、---What is there on the wall？墙上有什么？
----There is a picture on the wall.墙上有一幅画。
2、---Are there some schools in your hometown?在你家乡有一些学校吗？
----Yes,there are.(No, there aren’t.).对，有一些。（不，没有。）
There存在句中的be可以有多种时态，且可以与各种助动词或情态动词连用。 1、There were many students waiting for the bus
at the bus stop then.
当时，有许多学生在汽车站等公共汽车。
2、There will be a flower show here next week.
下周这儿有一个花展。
3、There must be a mistake somewhere.
一定有什么地方有错误。
There存在句中的be动词，有时可用生动的描绘性动词如：
lie,stand,live,enter,remain,fly,flow,come等替代，也可以用seem
to be（似乎有），happen to be(碰巧有)want there to be
(想要...)等替代。 1、Once upon a time there lived an old fisherman
in the village.
很久很久以前，在这个村子里住着一位老渔夫。
2、There stands a mountain near the lake.
在湖边矗立着一座大山。
3、There seems to be something wrong with me.
我好像有些不舒服。
