约克安特卫普规则(中英对照)

约克安特卫普规则1974（Y O R K-A N T W E R P R U L E S,1974）RULE OF INTERPRETATION 解释规则In the adjustment of general average the following lettered and numbered Rules shall apply to the exclu sion of any Law and Practice inconsistent therewith.共同海损理算，适用下列字母规则和数字规则，凡与这些规则相抵触的法律和惯例都不适用。

Except as provided by the numbered Rules, general average shall be adjusted according to the lettered Rules.除数字规则已有规定者外，共同海损应按字母规则理算。

RULE A规则AThere is a general average act when, and only when, any extraordinary sacrifice or expenditure is intenti onally and reasonably made or incurred for the common safety for the purpose of preserving from peril t he property involved in a common maritime adventure.只有在为了共同安全，使同一航程中的财产脱离危险，有意而合理地做出特殊牺牲或支付特殊费用时，才能构成共同海损行为。

RULE B规则BGeneral average sacrifices and expenditures shall be borne by the different contributing interests on the basis hereinafter provided.共同海损牺牲和费用，应按下列规定，由各分摊方分摊。

NYPE'93（中文对照）租约代号：“NYPE 93”波罗的海国际航运公会推荐美国国家船舶经纪人与代理人协会联合会定期租船合同纽约土产交易所格式美国船舶经纪人与代理人协会发行1913年11月6日制定,经1921年10月20日，1931年8月6日,1946年10月3日，1981年6月12日，1993年9月14日修订本租船合同于-—-——--—-—-年———-———-月—---————日由下述-———---—-———船舶的所有人-—--—--—-与承租人————--—----签订。

船舶说明船名:——--—--—--—；船旗：-—-—-—---————；于——-—--—--——-年建造；登记港-—-----—-；登记号—--—-——-；船舶在—-—--———-入级，船级为———--—-——;按夏季干舷高度,船舶海水吃水为---—-——-—，载重量(货物和燃料，包括不超过——-—---—-——长吨*/公吨*的淡水和物料）为-——---——-—-长吨*/公吨＊；散装容积为-——--—-—-—-——-立方英尺；包装容积为——-—--—————-—--立方英尺；船舶吨位为-——-—-————总吨/总登记吨；在良好天气条件下，风力达到包括最大风力蒲福—-———----—级，船舶满载航行时船速大约--—---—-———节,消耗大约-—--—-———-—长吨＊/公吨*的—--————-（燃油）.*适当地删除。

1．租期上述出租人同意出租，上述承租人同意租用上述船舶，从交船时起算,租期为—-—--——，并在下述航行区域内使用船舶.2．交船船舶在————-—-—(地点）置于承租人控制之下。

在交船时，船舶应作好接受货物的准备，货舱须打扫干净，船体紧密，坚实，牢固,并在各个方面适合于普通货物的运输。

船舶应装备有压载水舱,同时具有启动所有装货设备的足够的动力。

出租人应在—--—----—天之前向承租人递交预计交付船舶的日期的通知。

约克-安特卫普规则求助编辑2004年5月31日至6月4日，国际海事委员会在加拿大温哥华举行第38届大会，对《一九九四年约克―安特卫普规则》进行修改，修改后的规则称为《二○○四年约克―安特卫普规则》，该规则将于今年12月31日后尽快适用。

如果新规则被采用，由于扩大了船方的赔偿额，减少了货方的共同海损分摊，船舶保险人将要求增加、而货一九九四年约克-安特卫普规则物保险人则可能降低保险费。

这样，在船方和货方及其保险人之间将发生费用的转移。

此外，新规则如果能普遍适用，则会影响到运输和保险合同的条款，保险法规和海商法也可能需要做相应的修改。

这次对规则的修改主要有如下几个方面：一、规则六将大部分救助报酬排除在共同海损之外原来规则六（1）规定：“航程中各有关方支付的救助费用，不论救助是否根据合同进行，都应认入共同海损，但以使在同一航程中的财产脱离危险而进行的救助为限。

”修改后的规则对此规定如下：“救助款项，包括所生利息和相关的法律费用，应由付款方自行承担而不得认入共同海损，除非与救助有关的一方已支付应由另一方承担的（根据获救价值而不是按共同海损分摊价值计算的）全部或部分救助费用（包括利息和法律费用）。

在理算中，应由另一方支付但该方未付的救助费用应贷记付款方，借记由他方代其付款的一方。

”二、规则十一规定船舶在避难港停留期间的船员工资和给养不得确认为共同海损根据以前的规定，如果为了共同安全或为了安全完成航程进行修理，船舶进入和停留在避难港以及其后驶离该地期间的船员工资和给养、船舶消耗的燃料和物料均可作为共同海损。

现修改成船舶在避难港额外停留期间的船员工资和给养不得认入共同海损，但船舶消耗的燃料和物料却可以受偿。

驶入和驶离避难港期间所产生的所有费用，则和过去一样处理。

新规则的规则十一（3）（i）规定如下：“由于意外事故、牺牲或其他特殊情况，船舶驶入或停留在任何港口和地点，如果是为了共同安全的需要，或是为了船舶因牺牲或意外事故所造成的损坏得以修理，且此项修理是安全完成航程所必需的，则在此港口或地点额外停留期间，直至该船舶完成或应完成继续航行的准备工作之时止所消耗的燃料和物料，应作为共同海损，但为进行不属于共同海损的修理所消耗的燃料和物料除外。

1974年约克——安特卫普规则中规则Ⅵ的1990年修正
案
文章属性
•【缔约国】法国
•【条约领域】贸易
•【公布日期】1990.06.29
•【条约类别】其他
•【签订地点】
正文
1974年约克——安特卫普规则中规则Ⅵ的1990年修正案（签订日期1990年6月29日生效日期1990年10月1日）
简介
本修正案于1990年6月29日在巴黎召开的国际海事委员会第三十四届大会上制定，1990年10月1日起供当事人自愿采纳。

规则Ⅵ救助
（a）航程中有关方因救助所支付的费用，不论救助是否根据合同而进行，只要进行救助作业的目的是为了使共同海上航程中涉及的财产脱离危险，便应作为共同海损。

作为共同海损的费用，应包括考虑诸如1989年国际救助公约第13条第1款第（b）项所述的救助人在防止或减轻环境污损方面的技能与努力后的任何救助报酬。

（b）根据上述公约第14条，应由船舶所有人支付给救助人的特别补偿，在该条第4款或任何其他实质性相似的规定所确定的范围内，不得作为共同海损。

解释规则共同海损的理算，适用下列字母规则和数字规则，凡与这些规则相抵触的法律和惯例都不适用。

除首要规则和数字规则已有规定者外，共同海损应按字母规则理算。

首要规则牺牲或费用，除合理作出或支付者外，不得受到补偿。

规则A只有在为了共同安全，使同一航程中的财产脱离危险，有意而合理地作出特殊牺牲或支付特殊费用时，才能构成共同海损行为。

共同海损牺牲和费用，应按下列规定，由各分摊方分摊。

规则B如果船舶拖带或顶推其他船舶而它们都从事商业活动而不是救助作业，则处于同一航程之中。

如果所采取的措施是为了使这些船舶及其货物(如果有)脱离共同危险，则应适用本规则。

如果一艘船舶只要脱离其他船舶便能获得安全，则同其他船舶不处于共同的危险之中，但如果脱离本身是共同海损行为，则共同航程继续存在。

规则C只有属于共同海损行为直接后果的损失或费用，才应作为共同海损。

环境损害或因同一航程中的财产漏出或排放污染物所引起的损失或费用不得认作共同海损。

不论是在航程中或其后发生的滞期损失、行市损失和任何因迟延所遭受的损失或支付的费用以及任何间接损失都不得认作共同海损。

规则D即使引起牺牲或费用的事故，可能是由于航程中一方的过失所造成的也不影响要求分摊共同海损的权利，但这不妨碍非过失方与过失方之间就此项过失可能提出的任何索赔或抗辩。

规则E提出共同海损索赔的一方应负举证责任，证明所索赔的损失或费用应作为共同海损。

所有提出共同海损索赔的关系方应于共同航程终止后12个月内将要求分摊的损失或费用书面通知海损理算师。

如不通知或经要求后12个月内不提供证据支持所通知的索赔或关于分摊方的价值的详细材料，则海损理算师可以根据他所掌握的材料估算补偿数额或分摊价值。

除非估算明显不正确，否则不得提出异议。

规则F凡为代替本可作为共同海损的费用而支付的额外费用，可作为共同海损并受到补偿，无需考虑对于其他有关方有无节省，但其数额不得超过被代替的共同海损费用。

规则G共同海损损失和分摊的理算，应以航程终止的时间和地点的价值为基础。

A -A - ALWAYS AFLOAT 永远漂浮BENDS BOTH ENDS 装卸港A / C ACCOUNT 计算ACCT ACCOUNT 账目账户ACPT ACCEPTANCE 接受M ADDRESS COMMISSION 订舱佣金，租船佣金ADV. ADVISE 通知A -F -ADVANCED FREIGHT 预付运费AFMT AFTER FIXING MAIN TERMS 主要（租船）条款确认以后AGRT AGREEMENT 协议AGW ALL GOING WELL （取决于）一切顺利AM MORNING 上午AMT AMOUNT 金额、数额A/ P ADDITIONA PRI MIUM 额外保险费老船加保费APPROX APPROXIMATE 大约A/S AFTER SIGHT/A LONGSIDE 见票后/船边ASF AS FOLLOWS 如下ATL ACTUAL TOTAL LOSS 实际全损AUTO AUTOMATIC 自动的AVG AVERAGE 平均，海损BAF BUNKER ADJUSTMENT FACTOR 燃油附力口费BUTC BALTIME UNIFORM TIME CHARTER 统一定期租船合同，波尔的摩”期祖合同BD BANKING DAYS 银行工作日BDI BOTH DATES INCLUSIVE 包括首尾两日B/E BILL OF EXCHANGE / BILL OF ENTRY 汇票/进口报告书B / G BONDED GOODS 保税货物B / H BILL OF HEALTH 健康证明书BIZ BUSINESS 业务BL BLADING BILL OF LADING 提单BLK BULK 散装BLT BUILT （船舶）建造（年月）B. O. BUYER'S OPTION 买方选择B/P BILLS PAYABLE 应付票据B. RGDS BEST REGARDS 致敬，致意（电传尾常用结束语）BS / L BILLS OF LADING 提单（复）B. T. BERTH TERMS/LINER TERMS 班轮条款CANCL CANCELLING 解约，解除合同CC CARBON COPY 抄送C. C. CONTINUATION CLAUSE 连续条款CCIC CHINA COMMODITEIS INSPECTION CORPORATION 中国商检总公司C&D COLLECTED AND DELIVERED 运费收讫和货物交毕CERT CERTIFICATE 证书C&F COST AND FREIGHT 货价加运费CFMD CONFIRMED 已确认、已证实CFS CONTAINER FREIGHT STATION 集装箱货运站CHGES CHARGES 费用，责任C/ I CERTIFICATE OF INSURANCE 保险证明书C丄C CHINA INSURANCECLAUSE 中国保险条款CIF & C COST,INSURANCE，FREIGHT AND COMMISSION 货价加保险费运费及佣金CL. CLAUSE条款、条文CLP CONTAINER LOAD PLAN 集装箱装箱单CO. COMPANY 公司C / O CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN 原产地证明书C. O.D. CASH ON DELIVERY 现金交货COMM. COMMISSION 佣金CONGEN CONFERENCE GENBILL ERALCARGO BILL OF LADING 公会杂货提单CONT CONTINENT OF EUROPE 欧洲大陆CORP. CORPORATION 公司COSTACO CHINA OCEAN SHIPPING TALLY COMPANY 中国外轮理货公司C. P.D. CHARTERERS PAY DUES 租船人负担税捐CQD CUSTOMARY QUICK DESPATCH 按港口惯常速度快速装卸，不计滞/速费CST CENTISTOKE 厘拖，表云燃油浓度C. T. L. O . CONSTRUCTIVE TOTAL LOSS ONLY仅承保推定全损CUB CUBIC 立方CUFT CUBIC FEET 立方英尺CY CONTAINER YARD 集装箱码堆场D206 DIESEL OIL 206 TONG 柴油206 吨D / A DOCUMENTS AGAINST ACCEPTANCE 承兑交单D. B. DEALS AND BATTENS （TIMBER ）垫板和板条DD DATED 日期D / D DEMAND DRAFT 汇票、银行汇票D. D. O DlSPATCH DICHARGING ONLY 仅在卸货时计算速遣费DDU DELIVERED DUTY UNPAID 目的地约定地点交货（未完税）价DEM DEMURRAGE 滞期费DEPT DEPARTURE （船舶）离港DEQ DELIVERED EX QUAY 目的港码头交货价DESP DESPATCH MONEY 速遣费DEST DESTINATION 目的地（港）DFL DRAFT FULL LOAD 满载吃水DHD DEMURRAGE AND HALF DESPATCH 滞期费，速遣费为滞期费的一半DHDWTS DESPATCH MONEY BENDS HALF DEMURRAGE AND FOR WORKING TIMESAVED AT BOTH ENDS 装卸港口的速遣费均按滞期费的一半，并按节省的工作时间计算DISCH D1SCHARGE 卸货D. L.O DlSPATCH LOADING DELIVERY ONLY仅在装货时计算速遣费DO DITTO 同上，同前D.O. DIESEL OIL 柴油DOZ DOZEN （一）打DP DIRECT PORT 直达港D.S. DIRECT SURCHARGE 直航附加费D.T.A. DEFINITE TIME OF ARRIVAL 船舶确切抵港时间D.W. DOCK WARRANT 码头收货单DWC DEADWEIGHT CAPACITY 受载量DWT DEAD WEIGHT TONNAGE 载重吨EFF EFFICIENCY 效率EIU EVEN IF USED 即使用也不计算ENCL ENCLOSURE OR ENCLOSED 附件或所附的ENG ENGINE发动机，（主）机EQ EQUAL 等于EST ESTIMATED 估计的，预计的ETAD EXPECTED TIME OF ARRIVAL AND DEPARTURE （船舶）预计到达和离开时间ETC EXPECTED TIME OF COMMENCEMENT 预计开始时间ETCD ESTIMATED TIME OF COMMENCING DISCHARGING （船舶）预计开始卸货时间ETE ESTIMATED TIME ENROUTE 预计（在海上）航行时间ETS ESTIMATED TIME OF SAILING （船舶）预计开航时间EXP EXPORT 出口EXT EXTENSION 电话分机，延长F FUEL OIL 燃油FAQ FAIR AVERAGE QUALITY 中等货FC FLOATING CRANE 浮吊FCA FREE CARRIER 货交承运人F. D. FREE DISCHARGE （船方）不负担卸货费用F.&D. FREIGHT AND DEMURRAGE 运费和延滞费FEU FOURTY EQUIVALENT UFIT 40 英尺标准箱F. I. B. FREE INTO BUNKERS （燃料）交至U船上燃料舱价格FILO FREE IN AND LINER OUT （船方）不负担装货费，但负担卸货费FIO FREE IN AND OUT 船方不负担装卸费FIOST FREE IN，AND OUT，STOWED AND TRIMMED 船方不负担装卸、理舱、平舱费FLT FULL LINER TERMS 全班轮条款FM FROM从……，来自F / N FIXTURE NOTE 订舱确认书FO FUEL OIL 燃油FO FIRM OFFER 实盘FOD FREE OF DAMAGE 损害不赔F. P. FLOATING （OROPEN）POLICY 船名未定保险卑FR FROM 自从F. R. O.F FIRE RlSK ON FREIGHT 货物火灾险FT FOOT OR FEET 英尺F. T. FULL TERMS 全部条款FWD FORWARD 前部FWDET FRESH WATER DRAFT 淡水吃水FYI FOR YOUR INFORMATION 供你参考，供你掌握情况GA GENERAL AVERAGE 共同海损GMT GREENWICH MEAN TIME 格林威治标准时间GRD GEARED带吊杆的GSP GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES普惠制HA HATCH 舱口HATUTC HALF TIME USED TO COUNT （AS LAYTIME ）实际所使用时间的一半应计算（为作业时间）HO / HA HOLD / HATCH 货舱、舱口HRS HOURS 小时HWL HIGH WATER LEVEL 高潮水位I.C.C INSTITUTE CARGO CLAUSES, LONDON INTERNATIONAL 伦敦协会货物条款保险）国际商会IMMEDLY IMMEDIATELY 立即IMP IMPORT 进口INC. INCLUDING 包括INSP INSPECTION INSPECTOR 检验，检验员INT INTENTION 意下，企图IOP IRRESPECTIVE OF PERCENTAGE 不管百分比IU IF USED 如果使用KATT KIND ATTENTION 请转，请交KILO （S）KILOGRAMS 公斤KT KNOT 节，海里（约合1. 852公里）LADEN THE DRAFT WHEN DRAFTR VESSEL IS LADEN （船舶）满载吃水LBP LENGTH BETWEEN PERPENDICULARS （船舶）垂线间高L / C LETTER OF CREDIT 信用证LD LIGHT DIESEL 轻柴油LDT LIGHT DEADWEIGHT 轻载重吨LH LOWER HOLD 底舱L/L LOADING LIST 装货清单LMPS LUMP SUM 包干费总额LOA LENGTH OVER ALL 船舶全长LONG LONGITUDE 经度LT LETTER TELEGRAM 书信电报L. T. LOCAL TIME 当地时间LTD LOWER TWEEN DECK 下二层柜L. W. LOWER WATER 低潮M. MINUTE，METRE 分（钟），米MDM MADAME 夫人，女士M.H.W.S. MEAN HIGH WATER SPRINGS 大潮平均高潮面M丄P. MARINE INSURANCE POLICY 海险保险单M.L.W.S. MEAN LOW WATER SPRINGS 大潮平均低潮面MOLOO MORE OR LESS AT OWNEROPTION溢短装由船东选择MPH MILES PER HOUR 海里/ 小时MR. MISTER 先生MRS MISTRESS 夫人M. S MOTOR SHIP 内燃机船M/T MOTOR TANKER 内燃机油轮MTON MEASUREMENT TON 尺码吨N AND 和NAUT- M NAUTICAL MILE 海里NDW NET DEADWEIGHT 净载重量NM NAUTICAL MILE 海里N -O-E NOT OTHERWISE ENUMERATED 未列名N. O. S. NOT OTHERWlSE SPECIFIED 未列名NR NUMBER 数字，号码NT.WT. NET WEIGHT 净重OAP OVERAGE ADDITlONAL PREMIUM 老船加保O . C. OPEN CHARTER，OPEN COVER 货港未定租船合同，预定保险OFF OFFICE办公室，办事处OS ORDINARY SAILOR 普通水手OWISE OTHERWISE 否贝UPA PARTICULAR AVERAGE 单独海损PCS PIECES 件（复数）P. D. PORT DUES 港务费PDPR PER DAY OR PRORATA 按天计算，不足一天者按比例计算PICC PEOPLE S INSURANCE COMPANY OF CHINA中国人民保险公司PKG PACKAGE 包装P& L PROFIT AND LOSS 盈亏，损益PM PREMIUM AFTERNOON 保险费下午P. O.D. PAID ON DELIVERY 交货时付讫PPT PROMPT LOADING 即期装船P/S PUBLIC SALE 公开出售Q. C. QUANTITY AT CAPTAIN ' OPTION 数量由船长确定RCVD RECEIVED 收至UR -D -C • RUNNING DOWN CLAUSE 两船碰撞条款REF REFERRING TO 提及、参阅RF REFERENCE 参考RGDS REGARDS致敬，致意（电传尾常用结束语）ROT WITH REREFENCE TO OUR TELEX 参阅我方电传RYL WITH REFERENCE TO YOUR LETTER 参阅贵方来信SB SAFE BERTH 安全泊位S. D. SHORT DELIVERY 短卸SF SAFE FACTOR 安全系数SHEX SUNDAYS，HOLLDAYS EXCEPTED 星期日和节假日除外SHPR SHIPPER托运人，发货人SINO-TRANS CHINA NATIONAL FOREIGN TRADE TRANSPORTATION CORPORATION 中国对外贸易运输总公司S/L.C. SUE AND LABOUR CLAUSE 损害防止条款SNP SALES AND PURCHASE 销售买卖部S.O. SENIOR OFFICER 高级船员S.O.L SHIPOWNER S LIABILITY 船舶所有人的责任义务SP SPRING TIDE 大潮S/P STOWAGE PLAN，CARGO PLAN 货物积载图，船图S.R.D. STEAMER PAYS DUES 船方负担税金SPSB SAFE PORT AND SAFE BERTH 安全港口，安全泊位SRCC STRIKE , RIOTS AND CIVIL COMMOTION 罢工，暴乱，内哄（险）S. S. SUEZ SURCHARGE苏伊士运河附加费SUBCHARTERER THIRD OWNER OF THE SAME VESSEL再租人，三船东SUBS SUBSTITUTE 代替S/W SHIPPER S WEIGHTS发货人提供的重量SWDFT SALT WATER DRAFT 海（咸）水吃水TB TO BE将要TC TYPE CRANES 单杆吊（船舶呆杆类型）T. C.T. TIME CHARTER ON TRIP BASIS 航次期WOG WITHOUT GUARANTEE 没有保证TD TIME OF DEPARTURE 开航时间TDY TODAY 今天TEU TWENTY EQUIVALENT UNIT 20 英尺标准集装箱T.L. TOTAL LOSS 全损TLX TELEX 电传T.P」TONS PER INCH 每一英寸吃水吨数T / S TRANSHIPMENT SURCHARGE 转船附力口费T / T TURBINE TANKFR 蜗轮机油轮U YOU你，你们ULCC ULTRA-LARGE CRUDE CARRIER 特大型油轮UTD UPPER TWEENDECK 三层的V VOYAGE 航程，航次VLBC VERY LARGE BULK CARRIER 大型散装船V.O.P. VALUE AS IN ORIGINAL POLICY 价值如原保险单所载VSL VESSEL 船舶WA WITH PARTICULAR AVERAGE 水渍险WCCON WHETHER CUSTOMS CLEARANCE OR NOT不管通关与否WHF WHARF 码头WICCON WHETHER IN CUS TOMSCLEARANCE OR NOT （船舶）不管通关与否WIPON WHETHER IN PORT OR NOT （船舶）不管抵港与否WL WATER LINE 水线WPA WITH PARTICULAR AVERAGE 水渍险W.R.O. WAR RISKS ONLY 仅保战争险WTS WORKING TIME SAVED 节省的工作时间WW WAREHOUSE TO WAREHOUSE（CLAUSE ）仓至仓条款（保险）WWDSHEX WEATHER WORKING DAY SUNDAYS , HOLIDAYS EXCEPTED 晴天工作日，星期日和节假日除外YAR YORK-ANTWERP RULES 约克-安特卫普规则（1974）（共同海损理算规则）YLET YOUR LETTER 你的信YR YEAR 年英文缩略语英文原文中文译文ABT ABOUT 大约，关于A / C ACCOUNT CURRENT 账户A •& C-P-ANCHORS &CHAINS 锚和锚链试验台ADCOM ADDRESS COMMIS SION 订舱佣金，租船佣金ADFT AFT DRAFT 艉吃水ADV ADVANCE 提前A-F B-AIR FREIGHT BILL 空运运单AGRD AGREED 同意AGT AGENT 代理A -H - AFTER HATCH 后舱A -M- ABOVE MENTIONED 上述的A -N -ARRIVAL NOTICE 至U达通知APPR APPROXIMATE 大约租船A/R ALL RISKS AGAINST ALL RISKS 一切险、承保一切风险ASAP AS SOON AS POSSIBLE 尽，决、尽速ASST ASSISTANT 助理，援助ATTN ATTENTION 由•收阅A.V AD VALOREM 从价费率BA BALE CAPACITY 包装容积BAL BALANCE 平衡、余额、差额BB BELOW BRIDGES 桥楼以下（容积）B / D BAR DRAUGHT （河口）沙洲吃水BDL BUNDLE 捆BEAM BREADTH OF THE VESSEL 船宽BFI BALTIC FREIGHT INDEX 波罗的海运价指数BG BAGS 袋BIMCO BALTIC INTERNATIONAL MARITIME CONFERENCE波罗的海国际航运公会B / L BILL OF LADING 提单BLFT BALE FEET 包装尺码（容积）BLKR BULKER 散装船BM BEAM横梁（船舶型宽）BOC BANK OF CHINA 中国银行B/R BILLS RECEIVABLE 应收票据B/S BILL OF SALE /BILL OF STORE 抵押证券/船上用品免税单CCPIT CHINA COUNCIL FOR PROMOTION OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE 中国国际贸易促进委员会C/ E CHIEF EFGINEER 轮机长C. F. CUBIC FEET 立方英尺CFM CONFIRM 确认、证实CFR COST AND FREIGHT 货价加运费（运费付至目的港）C. G.A CARGO'S PROPORTION OF GENERAL AVERAGE共同海损货物分摊额C」.CONSULAR INVOICE 领事签证C&l COST AND INSURANCE 货价加保险CIF COST OF INSURANCE AND FREIGHT 货价加保险和运费CIP CARRIAGE AND INSURANCE PAID TO 货价加付至指定目的地的运、保费CL. B /L CLEAN BILL OF LADING 清洁提单C/N CONSIGNMENT NOTE / COVER NOTE CREDIT NOTE发货通知书/认保单贷方通知单C/O （IN ）CARE OF 转交COA CONTRACT OF AFFREIGHTMENT 包运合同B / ST BILL OF SIGHT 临时起岸报关单，见票即付汇票C. A. L CURRENCY ADJUSTMENT FACTOR 货币附加费CAPT CAPTAIN 船长C.C CIVIL COMMOTIONS 内舌LCCIB CHINA COMMODLTIES INSPECTION BUREAU 中国商检总局COM COMMISSION 佣金CONBILL CONFERENCE BILL OF LADING 公会提单CONSEC CONSECUTIVE 连续的CO-OP CO-OPERATION 合作COSCO CHINA OCEAN SHIPPING COMPANY 中国远洋公司C/P CHARTER PARTY 租船合同CPT CARRIAGE PAID TO 货价加付至指定目的地的运费C. R. CURRENT RATE 现行费率C. T. L. CONSTRUCTIVE TOTAL LOSS 推定全损CTR CONTRACT 合同CUD COULD能、可（过去式）CUM CUBIC METER 立方米D DIESEL OIL 柴油D / A DIRECT ADDITIONAL 直航附加费DAF DELIVERED AT FRONTIER 边境指定地点交货价D / C DEVIATION CLAUSE 绕航和条款D / D DELIVERED AT DOCKS 码头交货D/D DAYS AFTER DATE 至U期后••…日DDP DELIVERED DUTY PAID 目的地约定地点交货（完税后）价DEL DELIVERY 交船（期），交货DEP DEPARTURE （船舶）离港DEPT DEPARTMENT 处、部（门）DES DELIVERED EX SHIP 目的港船上交货价DESPO-SECOND OWNER OF NENT IHE SAME VESSEL OWNER 二船东DF DEAD FREIGHT 空船费DFT DRAFT 吃水、汇票、草稿DHDWTS DESPATCH MONEY HALF DEMURRAGE AND FOR WORKING TIMESAVED速遣费为滞期费的一半，并按节省的工作时间计算DIA. DIAMETER 直径DIST DISTANCE 距离DLVY DELIVERY 交货D / O DELIVERY ORDER 提货单DOCS DOCUMENTS 单证D/P DOCUMENTS AGAINST PAYMENT 付款后交付单据D / S DEVIATION SURCHARGE 绕航附加费D. S. SEA DAMAGE 海上损害DTLS DETAILS 详情D. W. DEADWEIGHT 载重吨DWCT DEADWEIGHT CARGO TONNAGE 载重吨，受载吨DWTC DEAD WEIGHT TONNAGE OF CARGO货物载重吨E. G. EXAMPLE GRATIA , FOR EXAMPLE 例如E/M EXPORT MANIFEST 出口载货清单，出口舱单ENG ENGINEER工程师，轮机员E. &O .E. ERRORS AND OMMISIONS EXCEPTED有错当查/错误和遗漏不在此限E.R. EN ROUTE （船舶）在途中ETA ESTIMATED TIME OF ARRIVAL （船舶）预计抵港时间ETB EXPECTED TIME OF BERTHING （船舶）预计靠泊时间ETC. ET CETERA 等等ETD ESTIMATED TIME OF DEPARTURE （船舶）预计离港时间ETL ESTIMATED TIME OF LOADING （船舶）预计开装时间EX EXCLUDING 除外，扣除EXW EX WORK 产地交货价FAA FREE OF ALL AVERAGE 一切海损均不赔偿FAS FREE ALONGSIDE SHIP 船边交货价F/ C FORECAST 预报FCL FULL CONTAINER LOAD 整箱货FDFT FORE DRAFT 吃水、艏吃水FEFC FAR EAST FREIGHT CONFERENCE 远东水脚公会F. I. FREE IN （船方）不负担装货费F. I. B. FREE INTO BARGE （燃料）交到油驳价FILSD FREE IN LASHED , SECURED AND DUNNAGED 船方不负担装货、捆扎、加固、隔垫（料）等费用FIOS FREE IN , OUT AND STOWED 船方不负担装卸费和理舱费FIW FREE IN WAGON 船方不负担装人货车费FLWS FOLLOWS跟随，下面F/ M EXPORT FREIGHT MANIFEST 出口载货运费清单，运费舱单FO FREE OUT船方不负担卸货费FO FOR ORDERS 等待指示FOB FREE ON BOARD 船上交货\离岸价格F.O.W FIRST OPEN WATER 解冻后首次派船FPA FREE OF PARTICULAR AVERAGE 平安险F. R. & C. C. FREE OF RlOTS AND CIVIL COMMOTIONS ***** 和内乱不保条款FRT FREIOHT 运费FW FRESH WATER 淡水F.W.D FRESH WATER DAMAGE 淡水损害FYG FOR YOUR GUIDANCE 供你参考，供你掌握情况FYR FOR YOUR REFERENCE 供你参考GENCON UNIFORM GENERAL CHARTER 统一杂货（程）租船标准合同，金康程租合同”GR GRAIN CAPACITY GROSS （船舶）散装容积毛（重）GRT GROSS REGISTER TONNAGE 总登记吨GW GROSS WEIGHT 毛重HADIM HATCH DIMENSION 舱口尺寸HD HEAVY DIESEL 重柴油HP HORSE POWER 马力H.W. HIGH WATER 高潮IAC INCLUDING ADDRESS COMMISSlON 包括租船人佣金IFO INTERMEDIATE FUEL OIL 中燃油IMO INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION 国际航海机构IN INCH 英寸IND INDEX 指数INST INSTANT 本月的，立即INV INVOICE 发票ITWF INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORTWORKERS FEDERATION 国际运输劳工协会J.&W.O. JETTISON AND WASHINGEXPS EXPENSES （费用）支出 F / T FREIGHT TON 运费吨OVERBOARD投弃货物和甲板，货物被冲KG KILOGRAM 公斤KM KILOMETER 公里K / T KILO-TONS 公吨LAT LATITUDE 纬度LBS POUNDS 磅LCL LESS THAN CONTAINER LOAD （集装箱）拼箱货L. D. LOADED DRAFT 满载吃水L/G LETTER OF GUARANTEE 保证书，保证信LDG&BKG LEAKAGE ANDBREAKAGE 漏损和破损L. M.C. LLOYD ' S MACHINERY CERTIFICATE 劳合氏船机证书LO LINER OUT 由船方负担卸货费LOAD-READY FOR LOADREADYING ，READYTO LOAD已备妥，可装货LT LINER TERMS 班轮条款L /T LONG TON 长吨（约合1.016公吨）LTD LIMITED （有限）公司LW LIGHT WEIGHT 轻载重量M. MEASUREMENT 运价标记，按货物体积计算运价MAX MAXIMUM 最大（多）MDO MARINE DIESEL OIL 船用重柴油MIN MINIMUM 最小（少）MISC. MISCELLANEOUS 杂项MME MADAME 夫人，女士MOLSO MORE OR LESS AT SELLERS OPTION溢短装由卖方选择MPP MULTI-PURPOSE （VESSEL ）多用途（船）M/R，M. R. MATE' S RECEIPT 大副收据MS MISS，MISTRESS 小姐，夫人，女士M/T,MT，METRIC TON 公吨（易与尺码吨相混，故尽量用K/T表示）MTD METRIC TON DELIVERY ON B0ARO 每吨船上交货价MV MOTOR VESSEL 内燃机船N.A.A. NOT ALWAYS AFLOAT 不经常漂浮N.C.V NO COMMERCIAL VALUE 无商业价值N-H-P - NOMINAL HORSEPOWER 定额马力N/M NO MARK 无唛头，无标记NOR NOTICE OF READTNESS 装卸准备就绪通知书N / R NOTICE OF READINESS 装卸准备就绪通知书NRT NET REGISTER TONNAGE 净登计吨NVOCC NON-VESSEL OPERATIONS COMMON CARRIER无船公共承运人OBO OIL BULK AND ORE （CARRIER OR SHIP ）石油，散货，矿砂（船）OCP OVERLAND COMMON POINTS 内陆共同点O/P OVERAGE PREMIUM 老船加保费OTLX OUR TELEX 我方电传OWRS OWNERS 船东PCE PIECE 一件PCT PERCENT 百分比P.&l. PROTECTION AND INDEMNITY 保赔协会PENAVICO CHINA OCEAN SHIPPINGAGENCY中国外轮代理总公司P & I CLUB PROTECTION AND INDEMNITYCLUB船东保赔协会P/ L PARTIAL LOSS 部分损失PLsPLEASE 请P/N PROMISSORY NOTE 期票P.P. PICKED PORTS 选定港PPO RATA IN PROPORTION 按比例（计算）PWWD PER WEATHER WORKING DAY 每晴天工作日R A - REFER TO ACCEPTOR 交付接受人（汇票）RD RUNNING DAYS 连续日RE-DEL RE-DELIVERY 还船（期）REVERT- WE（I）SHALL TELLING YOU ABOUT IT AGAIN （OR LATER）详情后告RF. N0. REFERENCE NUMBER （函电）参考号码ROC WITH REFERENCE TO OUR CABLE 参阅我方电报RYC WITH REFERENCE TO YOUR CABLE 参阅贵方电报RYT WITH REFERENCE TO YOUR TELEX 参阅贵方电传S C - SALVAGE CHARGES 救助费用SEC SECOND 秒S/ F STOWAGE FACTOR 积载因素SHINC SUNDAYS , HOLIDAYS INCLUDED 星期日和节假日包括在内SINOCHART CHINA NATIONAL CHARTERING CORPORATION中国租船公司S.L. SALVAGE LOSS 救助损失S/N SHIPPING NOTE 装船通知单S/O SHIPPING ORDER 装货单，关单，下货纸SOONEST AS SOON AS POSSLBLE 尽决，尽速SOS SAVE OUR SHIP , A MESSAGE FORHELP （船舶遇难）呼救信号，救命SP SAFE PORT 安全港SPACETONS MEASUREMENT TONS INCLUDING BROKEN STOWAGE SPACE 包括亏舱在内的尺码吨SPEC. SPECIFICATIONS 规格，说明书SR SIGN AND RELEASE 签发和放行SS STEAM SHIP 蒸汽机船S/T SHORT TON 短吨（约等于0. 907公吨）SUBLET TRANSFER THE CHARTERSHIP 转租SURCH SURCHARGE 附加费SWAD SALT WATER ARRIVAL DRAFT 抵港海水吃水T / A TRANSHIPMENT ADDITIONAL 转船附力口费TBN TO BE NOMINATED 待派船，待指定T / C TIME CHARTER 期租TD TYPE DERRICKS 双杆吊（船吊类型）T. D. TWEENDECK 二层柜TEMP TEMPORARY 临时的TKS THANKS 感谢T.L.O. TOTAL LOSS ONLY 仅保全损T.P.CM. TONS PER CEN（TPC） TIMETER 每厘米吃水吨数TPND THEFT，PILFERAGE AND NONDELIVERY 偷盗和提货不着（险）T / S TANKER SHIP 油轮TV TANKER VESSEL 油轮UD UPPER DECK 上甲板ULT ULTIMO , LAST MONTH , ULTIMATE 上SUNDAYS , HOLIDAYS INCLUDED 晴天工作日,月的，最后的UU UNLESS USED 除非使用星期日和节假日包括在内YC YOUR CABLE 你的电扌报V / C VOYAGE CHARTER 程租船YR. YOUR 你的VLCC VERY LARGE CRUDE OIL CARRIER 巨型油轮VOY VOYAGE 航程、航次W GROSS WEIGHT运价标记，按货物毛重计算运价W.B.S. WITHOUT BENEFIT OF SALVAGE 无救助利益W.G. WEIGHT GUARANTEE 保证重量WIBON WHETHER IN BERTH OR NOT （船舶）不管靠泊与否WIFPON WHETHER IN FREE PRATIQUE ORNOT （船舶）不管检疫与否WKG WORKING 正在做W / M GROSS WIGHT OR MEASUREMENT 运价标记，按货物的毛重与体积分别计算，按高者收费W.P. WEATHER PERMITS 如果气候条件许可WRTING WE （I ）SHALL WRITE TO YOUABOUT IT ALTER 详情函告WTON WEIGHT TON 重量吨WTSBENDS WORKING TIME SAVED AT BOTHENDS装卸港均以节省的工作时间计算（速遣费）WWD WEATHER WORKING DAY 晴天工作日WWDSH WEATHER WORKINC ING DAYYTLX YOUR TELEX 你的电传。

约克·安特卫普规则要点分析《1974年约克·安特卫普规则》（The York Antwerp Rules1974）是由国际海事委员会（International Maritime Committee）1974年5月修订的、并从同年7月1日起生效。

规则共30条，分为3组。

第一组称为解释规则，对规则的适用范围作了规定。

第二组对共同海损的定义、范围、补偿和分摊作了规定。

由于它是按英文字母排列，从A至G共7条，故又称为字母规则。

第三组对处理共同海损理算的一些手续和计算方法作了规定。

该规则属于一种国际贸易的惯例规则，适用范围较广。

运载国际贸易商品的海轮发生共同海损事故，大多数都按该规则进行理算。

中国国际经济贸易促进委员会海事仲裁委员会进行海损理算时，除使用《北京理算规则》外，也可使用该规则。

2介绍《约克·安特卫普规则》是一个国际上广泛采用的共同海损理算规则，该规则最初是由英、美和一些欧洲大陆国家的理算、海运、贸易和保险等方面的代表于1860年在英国格拉斯哥召开会议共同制订的，称为格拉斯哥决议。

这个决议在1864年英国约克城召开的会议上和1877年比利时安特卫普召开的会议上两次进行重大修改和补充，并于1877年正式定名为《约克·安特卫普规则》。

此后，这项规则又经过多次修改，但仍保留原名称，只是在规则名称前冠以修改的年份，由于每次修改都不废止旧规则，如1890年、1924年、1950年和1974年的规则并存，供有关方面选择使用，但在实际业务中，在1994年前各国几乎都采用《1974年约克·安特卫普规则》共同海损共同海损是指载货船舶在航行中遇到危难，船方为了维护船舶和所有货物的共同安全或使航程得以继续完成，有意并且会理地做出某些特殊牺牲或支付一定的特殊费用。

例如，载货船舶因狂风巨浪搁浅在哨礁上，船货仍在狂风巨浪威胁下处于危难之时，船长为了使船、货脱险，.指挥将船上一部分货物抛入海中，以减轻船的负荷，从而转危为安，这批货物损失就是共同海损。

约克安特卫普规则1994（YORK-ANTWERP RULES, 1994）In the adjustment of general average the following Rules shall apply to the exclusion of any Law and Practice inconsistent therewith.共同海损理算，适用下列规则，凡与这些规则相抵触的法律和惯例都不适用。

Except as provided by the Rule Paramount and the numbered Rules, general average shall be adjusted according to the lettered Rules.除首要规则和数字规则已有规定者外，共同海损应按字母规则理算。

RULE PARAMOUNT首要规则In no case shall there be any allowance for sacrifice or expenditure unless reasonably made or incurred.牺牲或费用，除合理做出或支付者外，不得受到补偿。

RULE A规则AThere is a general average act when, and only when, any extraordinary sacrifice or expenditure is intentionally and reasonably made or incurred for the common safety for the purpose of preserving from peril the property involved in a common maritime adventure.只有在为了共同安全，使同一航程中的财产脱离危险，有意而合理地做出特殊牺牲或支付特殊费用时，才能构成共同海损行为。

York Antwerp Rules 19942Rule of Interpretation3In the adjustment of general average the following Rules shall apply to the exclusion of any Law and Practice inconsistent therewith.4Except as provided by the Rule Paramount and the numbered Rules, general average shall be adjusted according to the lettered Rules.5Rule Paramount6In no case shall there be any allowance for sacrifice or expenditure unless reasonably made or incurred.7Rule A8There is a general average act when, and only when, any extraordinary sacrifice or expenditure is intentionally and reasonably made or incurred for the common safety for the purpose of preserving from peril the property involved in a common maritime adventure.9General average sacrifices and expenditures shall be borne by the different contributing interests on the basis hereinafter provided.10Rule B11There is a common maritime adventure when one or more vessels are towing or pushing another vessel or vessels, provided that they are all involved in commercial activities and not in a salvage operation.When measures are taken to preserve the vessels and their cargoes, if any, from a common peril, these Rules shall apply.13A vessel is not in common peril with another vessel or vessels if by simply disconnecting from the other vessel or vessels she is in safety; but if the disconnection is itself a general average act the common maritime adventure continues.14Rule C15Only such losses, damages or expenses which are the direct consequence of the general average act shall be allowed as general average.16In no case shall there be any allowance in general average for losses, damages or expenses incurred in respect of damage to the environment or in consequence of the escape or release of pollutant substances from the property involved in the common maritime adventure.17Demurrage, loss of market, and any loss or damage sustained or expense incurred by reason of delay, whether on the voyage or subsequently, and any indirect loss whatsoever, shall not be admitted as general average.18Rule D19Rights to contribution in general average shall not be affected, though the event which gave rise to the sacrifice or expenditure may have been due to the fault of one of the parties to the adventure; but this shall not prejudice any remedies or defences which may be open against or to that party in respect of such fault.20Rule EThe onus of proof is upon the party claiming in general average to show that the loss or expense claimed is properly allowable as general average.22All parties claiming in general average shall give notice in writing to the average adjuster of the loss or expense in respect of which they claim contribution within 12 months of the date of the termination of the common maritime adventure.23Failing such notification, or if within 12 months of a request for the same any of the parties shall fail to supply evidence in support of a notified claim, or particulars of value in respect of a contributory interest, the average adjuster shall be at liberty to estimate the extent of the allowance or the contributory value on the basis of the information available to him, which estimate may be challenged only on the ground that it is manifestly incorrect.24Rule F25Any additional expense incurred in place of another expense which would have been allowable as general average shall be deemed to be general average and so allowed without regard to the saving, if any, to other interests, but only up to the amount of the general average expense avoided.26Rule G27General average shall be adjusted as regards both loss and contribution upon the basis of values at the time and place when and where the adventure ends.28This rule shall not affect the determination of the place at which the average statement is to be made up.29When a ship is at any port or place in circumstances which would give rise to an allowance in general average under the provisions of Rules X and XI, and the cargo or part thereof is forwarded to destination by other means, rights and liabilities in general average shall, subject to cargo interests being notified if practicable, remain as nearly as possible the same as they would have been in the absence of such forwarding, as if the adventure had continued in the original ship for so long as justifiable under the contract of affreightment and the applicable law.30The proportion attaching to cargo of the allowances made in general average by reason of applying the third paragraph of this Rule shall not exceed the cost which would have been borne by the owners of cargo if the cargo had been forwarded at their expense.31Rule I - Jettison of Cargo32No jettison of cargo shall be made good as general average, unless such cargo is carried in accordance with the recognised custom of the trade.33Rule II - Loss or Damage by Sacrifices for the Common Safety34Loss of or damage to the property involved in the common maritime adventure by or in consequence of a sacrifice made for the common safety, and by water which goes down a ship's hatches opened or other opening made for the purpose of making a jettison for the common safety, shall be made good as general average.35Rule III - Extinguishing Fire on Shipboard36Damage done to a ship and cargo, or either of them, by water or otherwise, including damage by beaching or scuttling a burning ship, in extinguishing a fire on board the ship, shall be made good as general average, except that no compensation shall be made for damage by smoke however caused or by heat of the fire.37Rule IV - Cutting away Wreck38Loss or damage sustained by cutting away wreck or parts of the ship which have previously been carried away or are effectively lost by accident shall not be made good as general average.39Rule V - Voluntary Stranding40When a ship is intentionally run on shore for the common safety, whether or not she might have been driven on shore, the consequent loss or damage to the property involved in the common maritime adventure shall be allowed in general average.41Rule VI - Salvage Remuneration42(a) Expenditure incurred by the parties to the adventure in the nature of salvage, whether under contract or otherwise, shall be allowed in general average provided that the salvage operations were carried out for the purpose of preserving from peril the property involved in the common maritime adventure.43Expenditure allowed in general average shall include any salvage remuneration in which the skill and efforts of the salvors in preventing or minimising damage to the environment such as is referred to in Article 13 paragraph 1(b) of the International convention on Salvage, 1989 have been taken into account.44(b) Special compensation payable to a salvor by the shipowner under Article 14 of the said Convention to the extent specified in paragraph 4 of that Article or under any other provision similar in substance shall not be allowed in general average.45Rule VII - Damage to Machinery and Boilers46Damage caused to any machinery and boilers of a ship which is ashore and in a position of peril, in endeavouring to refloat, shall be allowed in general average when shown to have arisen from an actual intention to float the ship for the common safety at the risk of such damage; but where a ship is afloat no loss or damage caused by working propelling machinery and boilers shall in any circumstances be made good as general average.47Rule VIII - Expenses lightening a Ship when Ashore, and Consequent Damage48When a ship is ashore and cargo and ship's fuel and stores or any of them are discharged as a general average act, the extra cost of lightening, lighter hire and reshipping (if incurred), and any loss or damage to the property involved in the common maritime adventure in consequence thereof, shall be admitted as general average.49Rule IX - Cargo, Ship's Materials and Stores used for Fuel50Cargo, ship's materials and stores, or any of them, necessarily used for fuel for the common safety at a time of peril shall be admitted as general average, but when such an allowance is made for the cost of ship's materials and stores the general average shall be credited with the estimated cost of the fuel which would otherwise have been consumed in prosecuting the intended voyage.51Rule X - Expenses of Port of Refuge, etc.52(a) When a ship shall have entered a port or place of refuge or shall have returned to her port or place of loading in consequence of accident, sacrifice or other extraordinary circumstances which render that necessary for the common safety, the expenses of entering such port or place shall be admitted as general average; and when she shall have sailed thence with her original cargo, or a part of it, thecorresponding expenses of leaving such port or place of refuge consequent uponsuch entry or return shall likewise be admitted as general average.53When a ship is at any port or place of refuge and is necessarily removed to another port or place because repairs cannot be carried out in the first port or place, the provisions of this Rule shall be applied to the second port or place as if it were a port or place of refuge and the cost of such removal including temporary repairs and towage shall be admitted as general average. The provisions of Rule XI shall be applied to the prolongation of the voyage occasioned by such removal.54(b) The cost of handling on board or discharging cargo, fuel or stores whether at aport or place of loading, call or refuge, shall be admitted as general average, whenthe handling or discharge was necessary for the common safety or to enable damageto the ship caused by sacrifice or accident to be repaired, if the repairs werenecessary for the safe prosecution of the voyage, except in cases where the damageto the ship is discovered at a port or place of loading or call without any accident or other extraordinary circumstances connected with such damage having taken place during the voyage.55The cost of handling on board or discharging cargo, fuel or stores shall not be admissible as general average when incurred solely for the purpose of restowage due to shifting during the voyage, unless such restowage is necessary for the common safety.56(c) Whenever the cost of handling or discharging cargo, fuel or stores is admissibleas general average, the costs of storage, including insurance if reasonably incurred, reloading and stowing of such cargo, fuel or stores shall likewise be admitted as general average. The provisions of Rule XI shall be applied to the extra period of detention occasioned by such reloading or restowing.57But when the ship is condemned or does not proceed on her original voyage, storage expenses shall be admitted as general average only up to the date of the ship's condemnation or of the abandonment of the voyage or up to the date of completion of discharge of cargo if the condemnation or abandonment takes place before that date.58Rule XI - Wages and Maintenance of Crew and other expenses bearing upfor and in a port of refuge, etc.59(a) Wages and maintenance of master, officers and crew reasonably incurred andfuel and stores consumed during the prolongation of the voyage occasioned by aship entering a port or place of refuge or returning to her port or place of loadingshall be admitted as general average when the expenses of entering such port orplace are allowable in general average in accordance with Rule X(a).60(b) When a ship shall have entered or been detained in any port or place in consequence of accident, sacrifice or other extraordinary circumstances whichrender that necessary for the common safety, or to enable damage to the ship causedby sacrifice or accident to be repaired, if the repairs were necessary for the safe prosecution of the voyage, the wages and maintenance of the master, officers andcrew reasonably incurred during the extra period of detention in such port or placeuntil the ship shall or should have been ready to proceed upon her voyage, shall be admitted in general average.61Fuel and stores consumed during the extra period of detention shall be admitted as general average, except such fuel and stores as are consumed in effecting repairs not allowable in general average.62Port charges incurred during the extra period of detention shall likewise be admitted as general average except such charges as are incurred solely by reason of repairs not allowable in general average.63Provided that when damage to the ship is discovered at a port or place of loading or call without any accident or other extraordinary circumstance connected with such damage having taken place during the voyage, then the wages and maintenance of master, officers and crew and fuel and stores consumed and port charges incurred during the extra detention for repairs to damages so discovered shall not be admissibleas general average, even if the repairs are necessary for the safe prosecution of the voyage.64When the ship is condemned or does not proceed on her original voyage, the wagesand maintenance of the master, officers and crew and fuel and stores consumed and port charges shall be admitted as general average only up to the date of the ship's condemnation or of the abandonment of the voyage or up to the date of completion of discharge of cargo if the condemnation or abandonment takes place before that date.65(c) For the purpose of this and the other Rules wages shall include all paymentsmade to or for the benefit of the master, officers and crew whether such payments be imposed by law upon the shipowners or be made under the terms of articles of employment.66(d) The cost of measures undertaken to prevent or minimise damage to theenvironment shall be allowed in general average when incurred in any or all of the following circumstances:67(i) as part of an operation performed for the common safety which, had it beenundertaken by a party outside the common maritime adventure, would have entitled such party to a salvage reward;68(ii) as a condition of entry into or departure from any port or place in thecircumstances prescribed in Rule X(a);69(iii) as a condition of remaining at any port or place in the circumstances prescribed in Rule X(a), provided that when there is an actual escape or release of pollutantsubstances the cost of any additional measures required on that account to prevent or minimise pollution or environmental damage shall not be allowed as general average;70(iv) necessarily in connection with the discharging, storing or reloading of cargowhenever the cost of those operations is admissible as general average.71Rule XII - Damage to Cargo in Discharging, etc.72Damage to or loss of cargo, fuel or stores sustained in consequence of their handling, discharging, storing, reloading and stowing shall be made good as general average, when and only when the cost of those measures respectively is admitted as general average.73Rule XIII - Deduction from Cost of Repairs74Repairs to be allowed in general average shall not be subject to deductions in respect of "new or old" where old material or parts are replaced by new unless the ship is over fifteen years old in which case there shall be a deduction of one third. The deductions shall be regulated by the age of the ship from the 31st December of the year of completion of the construction to the date of the general average act, except for insulation, life and similar boats, communications and navigational apparatus and equipment, machinery and boilers for which the deductions shall be regulatedby the age of the particular parts to which they apply.75The deductions shall be made only from the cost of the new material or parts when finished and ready to be installed in the ship.76No deductions shall be made in respect of provisions, stores, anchors and chain cables.77Drydock and slipway dues and costs of shifting the ship shall be allowed in full.78The costs of cleaning, painting or coating of bottom shall not be allowed in general average unless the bottom has been painted or coated within the twelve months preceding the date of the general average act in which case one half of such costs shall be allowed.79Rule XIV - Temporary Repairs80Where temporary repairs are effected to a ship at a port of loading, call or refuge, for the common safety, or of damage caused by general average sacrifice, the cost of such repairs shall be admitted as general average.81Where temporary repairs of accidental damage are effected in order to enable the adventure to be completed, the cost of such repairs shall be admitted as general average without regard to the saving, if any, to other interests, but only up to the saving in expense which would have been incurred and allowed in general average if such repairs had not been effected there.82No deductions "new for old" shall be made from the cost of temporary repairs allowable as general average.83Rule XV - Loss of Freight84Loss of freight arising from damage to or loss of cargo shall be made good as general average, either when caused by a general average act, or when the damage to or loss of cargo is so made good.85Deduction shall be made from the amount of gross freight lost, of the charges which the owner thereof would have incurred to earn such freight, but has, in consequence of the sacrifice, not incurred.86Rule XVI - Amount to be made good for Cargo Lost or Damaged by Sacrifice87The amount to be made good as general average for damage to or loss of cargo sacrificed shall be the loss which has been sustained thereby based on the value atthe time of discharge, ascertained from the commercial invoice rendered to the receiver or if there is no such invoice from the shipped value. The value at the time of discharge shall include the cost of insurance and freight except insofar as such fright is at the risk of interests other than the cargo.88When cargo so damaged is sold and the amount of the damage has not been otherwise agreed, the loss to be made good in general average shall be the difference between the net proceeds of sale and the net sound value as computed in the first paragraph of this Rule.89Rule XVII - Contributory Values90The contribution to a general average shall be made upon the actual net values of the property at the termination of the adventure except that the value of cargo shall be the value at the time of discharge, ascertained from the commercial invoice rendered to the receiver or if there is no such invoice from the shipped value. The value of the cargo shall include the cost of insurance and freight unless and insofar as such freight is at the risk of interests other than the cargo, deducting therefrom any loss or damage suffered by the cargo prior to or at the time of discharge. The value of the ship shall be assessed without taking into account the beneficial or detrimental effect of any demise or time charterparty to which the ship may be committed.91To these values shall be added the amount made good as general average for property sacrificed, if not already included, deduction being made from the freight and passage money at risk of such charges and crew's wages as would not have been incurred in earning the freight had the ship and cargo been totally lost at the date of the general average act and have not been allowed as general average; deduction being also made from the value of the property of all extra charges incurred in respect thereof subsequently to the general average act, except such charges as are allowed in general average or fall upon the ship by virtue of an award for specialcompensation under Article 14 of the International Convention on Salvage, 1989 or under any other provision similar in substance.92In the circumstances envisaged in the third paragraph of Rule G, the cargo and other property shall contribute on the basis of its value upon delivery at originaldestination unless sold or otherwise disposed of short of that destination, and theship shall contribute upon its actual net value at the time of completion of dischargeof cargo.93Where cargo is sold short of destination, however, it shall contribute upon the actualnet proceeds of sale, with the addition of any amount made good as general average.94Mails, passenger's luggage, personal effects and accompanied private motor vehicles shall not contribute in general average.95Rule XVIII - Damage to Ship96The amount to be allowed as general average for damage or loss to the ship, her machinery and/ or gear caused by a general average act shall be as follows:97(a) When repaired or replaced,98The actual reasonable cost of repairing or replacing such damage or loss, subject to deductions in accordance with Rule XIII;99(b) When not repaired or replaced,100The reasonable depreciation arising from such damage or loss, but not exceeding the estimated cost of repairs. But where the ship is an actual total loss or when the cost of repairs of the damage would exceed the value of the ship when repaired, the amount to be allowed as general average shall be the difference between the estimated sound value of the ship after deducting therefrom the estimated cost of repairing damagewhich is not general average and the value of the ship in her damaged state which may be measured by the net proceeds of sale, if any.101Rule XIX - Undeclared or Wrongfully Declared Cargo102Damage or loss caused to goods loaded without the knowledge of the shipowner orhis agent or to goods wilfully misdescribed at time of shipment shall not be allowedas general average, but such goods shall remain liable to contribute, if saved.103Damage or loss caused to goods which have been wrongfully declared on shipmentat a value which is lower than their real value shall be contributed for at the declared value, but such goods shall contribute upon their actual value.104Rule XX - Provision of Funds105A commission of 2 per cent. on general average disbursements, other than the wages and maintenance of masters, officers and crew and fuel and stores not replacedduring the voyage, shall be allowed in general average.106The capital loss sustained by the owners of goods sold for the purpose of raisingfunds to defray general average disbursements shall be allowed in general average.107The cost of insuring general average disbursements shall also be admitted in general average.108Rule XXI - Interest on Losses made good in General Average109Interest shall be allowed on expenditure, sacrifices and allowances in generalaverage at the rate of 7 per cent. per annum, until three months after the date of issueof the general average adjustment, due allowance being made for any payment on account by the contributory interests or from the general average deposit fund.110Rule XXII - Treatment of Cash Deposits111Where cash deposits have been collected in respect of cargo's liability for general average, salvage or special charges, such deposits shall be paid without any delay into a special account in the joint names of a representative nominated on behalf of the shipowner and a representative nominated on behalf of the depositors in a bank to be approved by both.112The sum so deposited, together with accrued interest, if any, shall be held as security for payment to the parties entitled thereto of the general average, salvage or special charges payable by cargo in respect to which the deposits have been collected. Payments on account or refunds of deposits may be made if certified to in writing by the average adjuster. Such deposits and payments or refunds shall be without prejudice to the ultimate liability of the parties.。

《2004年约克·安特卫普规则》概述中文名《2004年约克·安特卫普规则》中文简称英文名The York Antwerp，2004 英文简称原文生效时间中国签署时间修改历史1950年约克·安特卫普规则的基础上，国际海事委员会于1974年在汉堡召开的会议上通过《1974年约克·安特卫普规则》《1994年约克·安特卫普规则》是在国际海事委员会于1994年10月在澳大利亚悉尼召开的第35届大会在《1974年约克·安特卫普规则》的基础上修改通过2003年5月31日至6月4日的国际海事委员会第38届大会通过了《2004年约克·安特卫普规则》本协议当前有效《2004年约克·安特卫普规则》（The York Antwerp，2004），最近的一次修订是国际海上保险联盟（货物保险人）对《1994年约克·安特卫普规则》不满，认为共同海损范围太广，理算过于烦琐，于1999年正式向国际海事委员会（CMI）提出要求修改规则，但船东和理算师反对。

国际海事委员会（CMI）成立专门工作组再次修改该规则。

在2003年5月31日至6月4日的国际海事委员会第38届大会通过了《2004年约克·安特卫普规则》。

《2004年约克·安特卫普规则》由四组不同性质的条文组成，全文共32条，扩大了船方的赔偿额，减少了货方的共同海损分摊。

修改主要有如下几个方面：（1）规则六将大部分救助报酬排除在共同海损之外；（2）规则十一规定船舶在避难港停留期间的船员工资和给养不得确认为共同海损；（3）规则十四将临时修理费用确认为共同海损，应减除船方的节省；（4）规则二十规定共同海损费用不给予手续费；(5)规则二十一规定采用浮动年利率计算利息；（6）规则二十三增加了索赔共同海损分摊请求权的时效规定。

《约克·安特卫普规则》不是强制性的，它只有在合同规定时才适用。