Srs-049C Enhanced Abuse Test

SRSSRSSRS由⽣成序列。

通过⾼层配置周期和传输偏移可以确定⼩区SRS⼦帧的时间位置，通过⼦帧周期和偏移量可以确定该⽤户的发送时间。

物理层⽀持8种不同的SRS带宽配置，在每种⼩区配置中4种带宽选项，通过两级的结构来完成⽤户SRS带宽的指⽰。

在序列向物理资源的映射上，SRS采⽤了2个⼦载波的频率间隔，形成“梳状”的频域结构。

时域上采⽤TDM时分多址的⽅式来实现不同SRS的复⽤，相同的“梳状”内可以通过基序列不同的循环移位（8种），以码分的⽅式进⾏更多的复⽤。

SRS序列被乘以⼀个幅度缩放因⼦，然后从开始按如下⽅式映射到资源单元上：SRS在普通上⾏⼦帧（除了特殊⼦帧）的最后⼀个符号传输。

在TDD帧结构，UpPTS长度为两个符号的情况下，两个符号都可以配置⽤于SRS传输。

当有⼀个SC-FDMA符号位于UpPTS中时，该符号可以⽤于SRS传输；若UpPTS中有两个SC-FDMA 符号，他们均可以⽤于SRS传输，并且可以分配给同⼀个UE。

终端两个天线都需要发送SRS的情况下，SRS的传输在两个天线间来回切换，同时刻只有⼀个天线发送SRS。

LTE上⾏采⽤单载波FDMA技术，参考信号和数据是采⽤TDM⽅式复⽤在⼀起的。

上⾏参考信号⽤于如下两个⽬的。

(1)上⾏信道估计，⽤于eNode B端的相⼲检测和解调，称为DRS。

(2)上⾏信道质量测量，称为SRS。

DRS随同PUSCH或PUCCH⼀起传输，在PUSCH⼦帧的每个时系中，DRS占据倒数第4个符号的位置，DRS在PUCCH中的位置随着PUCCH传输格式的不同⽽不同。

⼀般来说，信道估计只需要针对PUSCH，PUCCH的传输带宽来进⾏，因此，参考信号的带宽，也就是参考信号序列的长度，应该等同于PUSCH/PUCCH中的⼦载波数⽬。

也就是说，在PUSCH 传输的情况下，不同的UE，在不同的⼦帧内，PUSCH 的带宽可能不同，对应DRS序列的长度就可能不同（但都是12的整数倍，因为是按照RB来分配资源的）。

SEPT 15, 2003BY: WONDER WONG APPROVED: KEVIN WOODATE 0, 1998PAGE 1 OF 4: OCTOBER 2ASSURANCE PROCEDURE1.0 PURPOSETo standardize a unique and metric measurement of test quantity of pilot sample in product development and to ensure adequate sample size to reflect better manufacturability of product in production.2.0 SCOPE It is applicable to all Hasbro manufactured products from VSP to 6 months re - QN stage.Unless otherwise stated by requester, pilot sample (VSP, EP, FEP) are sampled and submitted byvendor, but QN are randomly sampled by HFE QC. 3.0 REQUIREMENTSSample Size RequirementSection Description Remarks Quantity1.0 Master carton 2 shipper (at least quantity)-(solid pack)or 4 units per sku -(asst.pack) 2.0Individual packageSRS-033-3pcs 2 shipper (at least quantity)-(solid pack)SRS-035-3pcsor 4 units per sku -(asst.pack)3.0Product aesthetic req’t3.1 Molded plastic parts 20 X sku 3.2 Soft parts 20 X sku 3.2.1 Hair wt-3pcs 3.2.2 stuffed toys Stuffing wt-3pcs 3.3Decoration3.3.1 Stuffed toys 20 X sku 3.3.2 Labels 20 X sku 3.3.3 Surface coating 6 pcs h/a 3.4Identification20 X sku (*For transit test, Sample size peractual quantities which is packed in sub.master carton). 4.0 Safety requirement 4.1* Sufficient to run accurate test. Sample size perQuality engineer’s comment. 4.2 Flammability 4.2.1 Textile12 pcs h/w X 2 cutting 24 X NO. Of fabric direction 4.2.2Finished productTotal: 8 pcs h/wSEPT 15, 2003BY: WONDER WONG APPROVED: KEVIN WOODATE 0, 1998PAGE 2 OF 4: OCTOBER 2 ASSURANCE PROCEDURE4.3Hazardous* Sufficient to run accurate test. Sample size perSubstances quality engineer’s comment.4.4 Heavy metals * Sufficient to run accurate test. Sample size per quality engineer’s comment. 4.5 Food & cosmetics * Per reliability engineering,SRS-037-6pcs4.6 Stuffed toy fillers * Sufficient to run accurate test, sample size per Quality engineer’s comment.4.7Electrical electronic* At least 4 pcs or sufficient to run accurate test perQuality engineer’s comment. 4.8 Noise 12pcs h/p 4.9Cords & elastics12pcs h/w. or h/a, or h/p4.10 Sharp points & edges 20 X sku 4.11 Rigid projections 20 X sku 4.12 Small parts 20 X sku 4.13 Mouth-actuated toys 20 X sku 4.14 Pacifiers 20 X sku 4.15Rattles, teeters and squeeze toys20 X sku4.16 Balls 20 X sku 4.17 Appendage entrapment 20 X sku 4.18 Ride-on toys and seats 20 X sku 4.19 Projectiles 10 pcs h/p 10 X sku 4.20 Confined spaces 20 X sku 4.21Labeling20 X sku (*For transit test, Sample size peractual quantities which is packed in sub.master carton). 4.22 Crib and playpen toys 20 X sku 4.23 Toy guns 20 X sku 4.24 Pen / Marker Caps 20 X sku 4.25 Hemispherical Objects Specification 20 X sku 5.0Normal use and reasonably foreseeable abuse test5.1 Temperature preconditioning 6 X skuSEPT 15, 2003: OCTOBER 2BY: WONDER WONG APPROVED: KEVIN WOODATE 0, 1998PAGE 3 OF 4ASSURANCE PROCEDURE5.2 Environmental testing *Aging 6 X sku Humidity 3 X skuOther 4 X sku5.3 Washability 6 X sku 5.4 Impact 5.4.1 <= 18 months 16 b/a + 16a/a + 16 a/p * 48 X sku 5.4.2 > 18 < 36 months 16 b/a + 16 a/a + 16 a/p * 48 X sku 5.4.3 >= 36 months 8 b/a + 8 a/a + 8 a/p * 24 X sku 5.4.4 Large bulky toys 4 b/a + 4 a/a + 4 a/p 12 X sku 5.4.5 Wheeled toys 4 b/a + 4 a/a + 4 a/p 12 X sku 5.4.6 Ride -on toys4 b/a + 4 a/a + 4 a/p 12 X sku 5.4.7 Toys entering face 4 b/a + 4 a/a + 4 a/p 12 X sku 5.4.8 Flying vehicle 4 b/a + 4 a/a + 4 a/p 12 X sku 5.5 Bite test 12 pcs h/p12 X sku5.6/5.7 Torque/tension 12 pcs h/a, or h/p, or h/w12 X sku 5.8 Compression12 pcs h/a, or h/p, or h/w 12 X sku 5.9 Flexure 12 pcs h/a, or h/p, or h/w12 X sku5.10Structural Integrity 1/3 of abuse sample size 6.0 Function12 pcs h/a, or h/w, or h/pIf no specification on test plan7.0 Life6 pcs h/a, or h/w if noSpecification on test plan* The following number of samples must be subjected to the respective tests indicated below by the conclusion of development pilot testing.Test age <3 years Test age >= 3 years Impact 144 72 T/T3636Aging 12 12 Humidity- Electronics 9 9SEPT 15, 2003BY: WONDER WONG APPROVED: KEVIN WOODATE 0, 1998PAGE 4 OF 4: OCTOBER 2ASSURANCE PROCEDURE4.0 REVISION HISTORY 4.1 Revision 034.1.1 Sample size requirement revised as: 1.0/2.0 add “-(solid pack)” and “-(asst.pack)”; 3.4/4.21 add “(*For transittest, Sample size per actual quantities which is packed in sub.master carton)”; 4.24 changed as the requirement of Pen/Marker Caps from the requirement of Surface temperature; Add 4.25; 5.4.1/5.4.2/5.4.3 doubled each sample size. * (Asterisk clause) Changed the sample size of impact test in both age grading and T/T test in >=3years age grading.4.1.2 Revised the sample size in SAMPLE SIZE ALLOCATION CHART, and stick it in the form of the Microsoft ExcelWorksheet.。

SAFETY DATA SHEET1. IdentificationMotor Medic Universal Power Steering Fluid with Stop Leak Product identifierOther means of identificationM2713SDS numberM2713, M2732, M2734, M2713ES, M2734ES Part No.3819.00.0090Tariff code Power Steering Fluid Recommended use None known.Recommended restrictionsManufacturer/Importer/Supplier/Distributor information Manufacturer RSC Chemical Solutions Address600 Radiator Road Company name Website TelephoneCustomer Service:(704) 821-7643Technical:(704) 684-1811Emergency phone numberEmergency Telephone:(303) 623-5716Emergency Contact:RMPDC (877) 740-5015E-mailUnited States *****************Indian Trail, NC 280792. Hazard(s) identificationNot classified.Physical hazards Category 1Aspiration hazardHealth hazards Category 3Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazardEnvironmental hazardsCategory 3Hazardous to the aquatic environment,long-term hazardNot classified.OSHA defined hazardsLabel elementsSignal word DangerHazard statement May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways. Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects.Precautionary statementPreventionAvoid release to the environment.Response If swallowed: Immediately call a poison center/doctor. Do NOT induce vomiting.Storage Store locked up.DisposalDispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations.Hazard(s) not otherwise classified (HNOC)None known.Supplemental information86.75% of the mixture consists of component(s) of unknown acute dermal toxicity.3. Composition/information on ingredientsMixturesCAS number %Chemical nameCommon name and synonyms 64742-52-5Distillates (petroleum),Hydrotreated Heavy Naphthenic 80 - < 9064742-95-6Solvent Naphtha (petroleum), Light Arom.1 - < 325551-13-7Trimethylbenzene < 195-63-61,2,4-Trimethylbenzene < 0.364742-81-0Kerosene (petroleum)Hydrodesulfurized < 0.3526-73-81,2,3-trimethylbenzene < 0.2108-67-8Mesitylene;(1,3,5-trimethylbenzene)< 0.21330-20-7BENZENE, DIMETHYL < 0.198-82-8BENZENE,1-METHYLETHYL-< 0.110 - < 20Other components below reportable levels91-20-3NAPHTHALENE < 0.1*Designates that a specific chemical identity and/or percentage of composition has been withheld as a trade secret.4. First-aid measuresMove to fresh air. Call a physician if symptoms develop or persist.Inhalation Wash off with soap and water. Get medical attention if irritation develops and persists.Skin contact Rinse with water. Get medical attention if irritation develops and persists.Eye contact Call a physician or poison control center immediately. Rinse mouth. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, keep head low so that stomach content doesn't get into the lungs.IngestionAspiration may cause pulmonary edema and pneumonitis.Most importantsymptoms/effects, acute and delayedProvide general supportive measures and treat symptomatically. Keep victim under observation.Symptoms may be delayed.Indication of immediatemedical attention and special treatment needed Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, and take precautions to protect themselves.General information5. Fire-fighting measuresWater fog. Foam. Dry chemical powder. Carbon dioxide (CO2).Suitable extinguishing media Do not use water jet as an extinguisher, as this will spread the fire.Unsuitable extinguishing mediaDuring fire, gases hazardous to health may be formed.Specific hazards arising from the chemicalSelf-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing must be worn in case of fire.Special protective equipment and precautions for firefighters Move containers from fire area if you can do so without risk.Fire fightingequipment/instructions Use standard firefighting procedures and consider the hazards of other involved materials.Specific methods No unusual fire or explosion hazards noted.General fire hazards6. Accidental release measuresKeep unnecessary personnel away. Keep people away from and upwind of spill/leak. Wearappropriate protective equipment and clothing during clean-up. Ensure adequate ventilation. Local authorities should be advised if significant spillages cannot be contained. For personal protection,see section 8 of the SDS.Personal precautions,protective equipment and emergency procedures Prevent product from entering drains. Stop the flow of material, if this is without risk. Absorb in vermiculite, dry sand or earth and place into containers. Following product recovery, flush area with water.Small Spills: Wipe up with absorbent material (e.g. cloth, fleece). Clean surface thoroughly to remove residual contamination.Never return spills to original containers for re-use. For waste disposal, see section 13 of the SDS.Methods and materials for containment and cleaning upAvoid release to the environment. Inform appropriate managerial or supervisory personnel of all environmental releases. Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Avoid discharge into drains, water courses or onto the ground.Environmental precautions7. Handling and storageAvoid prolonged exposure. Provide adequate ventilation. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Avoid release to the environment. Observe good industrial hygiene practices.Precautions for safe handlingStore locked up. Store in original tightly closed container. Keep out of the reach of children. Store away from incompatible materials (see Section 10 of the SDS).Conditions for safe storage,including any incompatibilities8. Exposure controls/personal protectionOccupational exposure limitsThe following constituents are the only constituents of the product which have a PEL, TLV or other recommended exposure limit.At this time, the other constituents have no known exposure limits.US. OSHA Table Z-1 Limits for Air Contaminants (29 CFR 1910.1000)Value Components FormType PEL435 mg/m3BENZENE, DIMETHYL (CAS 1330-20-7)100 ppm PEL245 mg/m3BENZENE,1-METHYLETHY L-(CAS 98-82-8)50 ppm PEL 5 mg/m3Mist.Distillates (petroleum),Hydrotreated Heavy Naphthenic (CAS 64742-52-5)2000 mg/m3500 ppm PEL50 mg/m3NAPHTHALENE (CAS 91-20-3)10 ppm PEL400 mg/m3Solvent Naphtha(petroleum), Light Arom.(CAS 64742-95-6)100 ppmUS. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values Value ComponentsFormType TWA 25 ppm 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene (CAS 526-73-8)TWA 25 ppm 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene (CAS 95-63-6)STEL 150 ppm BENZENE, DIMETHYL (CAS 1330-20-7)TWA 100 ppm TWA 50 ppm BENZENE,1-METHYLETHY L-(CAS 98-82-8)TWA5 mg/m3Inhalable fraction.Distillates (petroleum),Hydrotreated Heavy Naphthenic (CAS 64742-52-5)TWA 200 mg/m3Non-aerosol.Kerosene (petroleum)Hydrodesulfurized (CAS 64742-81-0)TWA 25 ppm Mesitylene;(1,3,5-trimethylbenzene)(CAS 108-67-8)TWA 10 ppm NAPHTHALENE (CAS 91-20-3)TWA25 ppmTrimethylbenzene (CAS 25551-13-7)US. NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards Value Components FormType TWA125 mg/m31,2,3-trimethylbenzene (CAS 526-73-8)25 ppm TWA125 mg/m31,2,4-Trimethylbenzene (CAS 95-63-6)25 ppm TWA245 mg/m3BENZENE,1-METHYLETHY L-(CAS 98-82-8)50 ppmCeiling1800 mg/m3Distillates (petroleum),Hydrotreated Heavy Naphthenic (CAS 64742-52-5)STEL 10 mg/m3Mist.TWA 100 mg/m3Kerosene (petroleum)Hydrodesulfurized (CAS 64742-81-0)TWA125 mg/m3Mesitylene;(1,3,5-trimethylbenzene)(CAS 108-67-8)25 ppm STEL75 mg/m3NAPHTHALENE (CAS 91-20-3)15 ppm TWA50 mg/m310 ppm TWA400 mg/m3Solvent Naphtha(petroleum), Light Arom.(CAS 64742-95-6)100 ppmBiological limit valuesACGIH Biological Exposure Indices ValueComponents Determinant Specimen Sampling Time1.5 g/g Methylhippuric acids Creatinine inurine*BENZENE, DIMETHYL (CAS 1330-20-7)* - For sampling details, please see the source document.Exposure guidelinesUS - California OELs: Skin designationBENZENE,1-METHYLETHYL- (CAS 98-82-8)Can be absorbed through the skin.NAPHTHALENE (CAS 91-20-3)Can be absorbed through the - Minnesota Haz Subs: Skin designation appliesBENZENE,1-METHYLETHYL- (CAS 98-82-8)Skin designation - Tennessee OELs: Skin designationBENZENE,1-METHYLETHYL- (CAS 98-82-8)Can be absorbed through the ACGIH Threshold Limit Values: Skin designationKerosene (petroleum) Hydrodesulfurized (CAS 64742-81-0)Can be absorbed through the skin.NAPHTHALENE (CAS 91-20-3)Can be absorbed through the NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Skin designationBENZENE,1-METHYLETHYL- (CAS 98-82-8)Can be absorbed through the . OSHA Table Z-1 Limits for Air Contaminants (29 CFR 1910.1000)BENZENE,1-METHYLETHYL- (CAS 98-82-8)Can be absorbed through the skin.Good general ventilation (typically 10 air changes per hour) should be used. Ventilation rates should be matched to conditions. If applicable, use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation,or other engineering controls to maintain airborne levels below recommended exposure limits. If exposure limits have not been established, maintain airborne levels to an acceptable level.Appropriate engineeringcontrolsIndividual protection measures, such as personal protective equipmentWear safety glasses with side shields (or goggles) or a face shield. Face shield is recommended.Eye/face protectionSkin protectionWear appropriate chemical resistant gloves.Hand protectionWear suitable protective clothing.OtherChemical respirator with organic vapor cartridge and full facepiece if threshold limits are exceeded.Dust mask.Respiratory protection Wear appropriate thermal protective clothing, when necessary.Thermal hazards Always observe good personal hygiene measures, such as washing after handling the material and before eating, drinking, and/or smoking. Routinely wash work clothing and protective equipment to remove contaminants.General hygiene considerations9. Physical and chemical propertiesLiquid Clear.AppearanceLiquid.Physical state Liquid.Form Yellow.Color Naphthenic OdorOdor threshold Not available.pHNot available.Melting point/freezing point -20 °F (-28.89 °C) estimated Initial boiling point and boiling range 500 °F (260 °C) estimatedFlash point > 205.0 °F (> 96.1 °C) Tag Closed Cup Evaporation rate Not available.Not applicable.Flammability (solid, gas)Upper/lower flammability or explosive limitsFlammability limit - lower(%)Not available.Flammability limit - upper (%)Not available.Explosive limit - lower (%)Not available.Explosive limit - upper (%)Not available.Vapor pressure Not available.Vapor density Not available.Relative density Not available.Solubility(ies)Solubility (water)Not available.Partition coefficient (n-octanol/water)Not available.Auto-ignition temperature 600 °F (315.56 °C) estimated Decomposition temperature Not available.ViscosityNot available.Other informationDensity7.42 lbs/gal Not explosive.Explosive properties Flammability class Combustible IIIB estimated Not oxidizing.Oxidizing properties Percent volatile 0.04 % estimated Refractive index 1.49Specific gravity 0.89VOC0.04 % estimated10. Stability and reactivityThe product is stable and non-reactive under normal conditions of use, storage and transport. ReactivityMaterial is stable under normal conditions.Chemical stabilityNo dangerous reaction known under conditions of normal use.Possibility of hazardousreactionsAvoid temperatures exceeding the flash point. Contact with incompatible materials.Conditions to avoidStrong oxidizing agents.Incompatible materialsNo hazardous decomposition products are known.Hazardous decompositionproducts11. Toxicological informationInformation on likely routes of exposureInhalation Prolonged inhalation may be harmful.Skin contact No adverse effects due to skin contact are expected.Eye contact Direct contact with eyes may cause temporary irritation.Ingestion Droplets of the product aspirated into the lungs through ingestion or vomiting may cause a seriouschemical pneumonia.Aspiration may cause pulmonary edema and pneumonitis.Symptoms related to thephysical, chemical andtoxicological characteristicsInformation on toxicological effectsAcute toxicity May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways.Components SpeciesTest Results1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene (CAS 95-63-6)AcuteDermalLD50Rabbit> 3160 mg/kgBENZENE, DIMETHYL (CAS 1330-20-7)AcuteOralLD50Rat3523 - 8600 mg/kgBENZENE,1-METHYLETHYL- (CAS 98-82-8)AcuteOralLD50Rat1400 mg/kgNAPHTHALENE (CAS 91-20-3)AcuteDermalLD50Rabbit> 2 g/kgOralLD50Rat490 mg/kg* Estimates for product may be based on additional component data not shown.Prolonged skin contact may cause temporary irritation.Skin corrosion/irritationDirect contact with eyes may cause temporary irritation.Serious eye damage/eyeirritationRespiratory or skin sensitizationRespiratory sensitization Not a respiratory sensitizer.This product is not expected to cause skin sensitization.Skin sensitizationNo data available to indicate product or any components present at greater than 0.1% areGerm cell mutagenicitymutagenic or genotoxic.Carcinogenicity Not classifiable as to carcinogenicity to humans.IARC Monographs. Overall Evaluation of CarcinogenicityBENZENE, DIMETHYL (CAS 1330-20-7) 3 Not classifiable as to carcinogenicity to humans.BENZENE,1-METHYLETHYL- (CAS 98-82-8)2B Possibly carcinogenic to humans.NAPHTHALENE (CAS 91-20-3)2B Possibly carcinogenic to humans.OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances (29 CFR 1910.1001-1050)Not regulated.US. National Toxicology Program (NTP) Report on CarcinogensBENZENE,1-METHYLETHYL- (CAS 98-82-8)Reasonably Anticipated to be a Human Carcinogen.NAPHTHALENE (CAS 91-20-3)Reasonably Anticipated to be a Human Carcinogen.This product is not expected to cause reproductive or developmental effects. Reproductive toxicityNot classified.Specific target organ toxicity -single exposureNot classified.Specific target organ toxicity -repeated exposureAspiration hazard May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways.Chronic effects Prolonged inhalation may be harmful.12. Ecological informationHarmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects.EcotoxicitySpeciesComponents Test Results1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene (CAS 95-63-6)AquaticFathead minnow (Pimephales promelas)Fish7.19 - 8.28 mg/l, 96 hoursLC50BENZENE, DIMETHYL (CAS 1330-20-7)AquaticBluegill (Lepomis macrochirus)Fish7.711 - 9.591 mg/l, 96 hoursLC50BENZENE,1-METHYLETHYL- (CAS 98-82-8)AquaticBrine shrimp (Artemia sp.)Crustacea 3.55 - 11.29 mg/l, 48 hoursEC50Fish 2.7 mg/l, 96 hoursRainbow trout,donaldson troutLC50(Oncorhynchus mykiss)Mesitylene; (1,3,5-trimethylbenzene) (CAS 108-67-8)AquaticGoldfish (Carassius auratus)Fish9.89 - 15.05 mg/l, 96 hoursLC50NAPHTHALENE (CAS 91-20-3)AquaticWater flea (Daphnia magna)Crustacea 1.09 - 3.4 mg/l, 48 hoursEC50Pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha)LC50Fish 1.11 - 1.68 mg/l, 96 hours Solvent Naphtha (petroleum), Light Arom. (CAS 64742-95-6)AquaticWater flea (Daphnia pulex)Crustacea 2.7 - 5.1 mg/l, 48 hoursEC50Rainbow trout,donaldson troutLC50Fish8.8 mg/l, 96 hours(Oncorhynchus mykiss)8.8 mg/l, 96 hours* Estimates for product may be based on additional component data not shown.Persistence and degradabilityBioaccumulative potentialPartition coefficient n-octanol / water (log Kow)BENZENE, DIMETHYL 3.12 - 3.2BENZENE,1-METHYLETHYL- 3.66NAPHTHALENE 3.3No data available.Mobility in soilOther adverse effectsNo other adverse environmental effects (e.g. ozone depletion, photochemical ozone creation potential, endocrine disruption, global warming potential) are expected from this component.13. Disposal considerationsCollect and reclaim or dispose in sealed containers at licensed waste disposal site. Do not allow this material to drain into sewers/water supplies. Do not contaminate ponds, waterways or ditches with chemical or used container. Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations.Disposal instructionsDispose in accordance with all applicable regulations.Local disposal regulations The waste code should be assigned in discussion between the user, the producer and the waste disposal company.Hazardous waste code Dispose of in accordance with local regulations. Empty containers or liners may retain some product residues. This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe manner (see:Disposal instructions).Waste from residues / unused productsSince emptied containers may retain product residue, follow label warnings even after container is emptied. Empty containers should be taken to an approved waste handling site for recycling or disposal.Contaminated packaging14. Transport informationDOTNot available.UN numberConsumer commodity, MARINE POLLUTANT (RMM27HCOMPB Power Steering Comp, Solvent Naphtha (Petroleum) Light Aromatic)UN proper shipping name ORM-D ClassTransport hazard class(es)-Subsidiary risk NoneLabel(s)Not available.Packing groupYesMarine pollutantEnvironmental hazardsRead safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling.Special precautions for user 156, 306Packaging exceptions 156, 306Packaging non bulk NonePackaging bulk IATAUN3082UN numberEnvironmentally Hazardous Substance, Liquid, N.O.S.UN proper shipping name 9ClassTransport hazard class(es)-Subsidiary risk 9Label(s)Not available.Packing groupYes Environmental hazards 9LERG CodeRead safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling.Special precautions for user Allowed with restrictions.Passenger and cargo aircraftOther informationAllowed with restrictions.Cargo aircraft onlyIMDGUN3082UN numberENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, LIQUID, N.O.S. (Distillates (petroleum),Hydrotreated Heavy Naphthenic), MARINE POLLUTANT (Solvent Naphtha (Petroleum) Light Aromatic)UN proper shipping name9ClassTransport hazard class(es)-Subsidiary risk IIIPacking groupYesMarine pollutant Environmental hazardsF-A, S-FEmSRead safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling.Special precautions for userSolvent Naphtha (Petroleum) Light Aromatic Not established.Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC CodeIATA; IMDGMarine pollutant15. Regulatory informationThis product is a "Hazardous Chemical" as defined by the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard, 29 CFR 1910.1200.US federal regulationsTSCA Section 12(b) Export Notification (40 CFR 707, Subpt. D)Not regulated.CERCLA Hazardous Substance List (40 CFR 302.4)BENZENE, DIMETHYL (CAS 1330-20-7)Listed.BENZENE,1-METHYLETHYL- (CAS 98-82-8)Listed.NAPHTHALENE (CAS 91-20-3)Listed.SARA 304 Emergency release notificationNot regulated.OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances (29 CFR 1910.1001-1050)Not regulated.Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA)Immediate Hazard - Yes Delayed Hazard - No Fire Hazard - NoPressure Hazard - No Reactivity Hazard - NoHazard categoriesSARA 302 Extremely hazardous substanceNot listed.NoSARA 311/312 Hazardous chemicalSARA 313 (TRI reporting)Chemical name% by wt.CAS number NAPHTHALENE< 0.191-20-3Other federal regulationsClean Air Act (CAA) Section 112 Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) ListBENZENE, DIMETHYL (CAS 1330-20-7)BENZENE,1-METHYLETHYL- (CAS 98-82-8)NAPHTHALENE (CAS 91-20-3)Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112(r) Accidental Release Prevention (40 CFR 68.130)Not regulated.Not regulated.Safe Drinking Water Act(SDWA)WARNING: This product contains a chemical known to the State of California to cause cancer.US state regulationsUS - California Proposition 65 - CRT: Listed date/Carcinogenic substanceBENZENE,1-METHYLETHYL- (CAS 98-82-8)Listed: April 6, 2010NAPHTHALENE (CAS 91-20-3)Listed: April 19, 2002US. California. Candidate Chemicals List. Safer Consumer Products Regulations (Cal. Code Regs, tit. 22, 69502.3,subd. (a))1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene (CAS 95-63-6)BENZENE, DIMETHYL (CAS 1330-20-7)BENZENE,1-METHYLETHYL- (CAS 98-82-8)Distillates (petroleum), Hydrotreated Heavy Naphthenic (CAS 64742-52-5)Kerosene (petroleum) Hydrodesulfurized (CAS 64742-81-0)Mesitylene; (1,3,5-trimethylbenzene) (CAS 108-67-8)NAPHTHALENE (CAS 91-20-3)Solvent Naphtha (petroleum), Light Arom. (CAS 64742-95-6)International InventoriesCountry(s) or region Inventory nameOn inventory (yes/no)*NoAustralia Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)No Canada Domestic Substances List (DSL)No Canada Non-Domestic Substances List (NDSL)No China Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances in China (IECSC)No Europe European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS)No Europe European List of Notified Chemical Substances (ELINCS)No Japan Inventory of Existing and New Chemical Substances (ENCS)No Korea Existing Chemicals List (ECL)No New Zealand New Zealand InventoryNo PhilippinesPhilippine Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS)YesUnited States & Puerto RicoToxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory*A "Yes" indicates that all components of this product comply with the inventory requirements administered by the governing country(s)A "No" indicates that one or more components of the product are not listed or exempt from listing on the inventory administered by the governing country(s).16. Other information, including date of preparation or last revision05-19-2015Issue date 05-23-2017Revision date Version #05Health: 3Flammability: 0Physical hazard: 0HMIS® ratingsHealth: 2Flammability: 0Instability: 0NFPA ratingsNFPA ratingsThe information provided in this Safety Data Sheet is correct to the best of our knowledge,information and belief at the date of its publication. The information given is designed only as a guidance for safe handling, use, processing, storage, transportation, disposal and release and is not to be considered a warranty or quality specification. The information relates only to the specific material designated and may not be valid for such material used in combination with any other materials or in any process, unless specified in the text.DisclaimerTransport Information: Material Transportation Information Revision information 11 / 11Material name: Motor Medic Universal Power Steering Fluid with Stop LeakM2713, M2732, M2734, M2713ES, M2734ES Version #: 05 Revision date: 05-23-2017 Issue date: 05-19-2015SDS US。

PRODUCT FEATUREoMulti-input and multi-range performanceo Small instrument depths (62 mm–65 mm) save space, thus securing a larger installation area.o Large 13.8 mm bright display (SRS1 & SRS4), 21.8 mm (SRS3) & 22mm (SRS5)o 1 Pattern, 10 step program function available (option)n DisplayDigital display:Measured value (PV):7-segment red LED, 4 digitsTarget set value (SV):7-segment green LED, 4 digitsSRS1 PV height of character: Approx. 13.8mm/ SV height of character: Approx. 10.65mmSRS3 PV height of character:Approx. 21.8mm/ SV height of character: Approx. 14.6mmSRS4 PV height of character:Approx. 13.8mm/ SV height of character: Approx. 10.65mmSRS5 PV height of character:Approx. 22.0mm/ SV height of character: Approx. 10.6mmAction display: LED lamp display: ColorAuto tuning (AT): Lights during standby (flashes during execution): GreenAction display (RUN): Lights during fixed value control operation (FIX):GreenFlashes during program RUN program control operation (RUN):Green Control output (OUT): Lights during contact or SSR drive voltage output: GreenFor voltage/current output, lights when output is 100%In other cases, flashes at intervals of 0.5 sec. (multiples of 0.5 sec.).Manual control output (MAN): Flashes during manual output is ON: GreenEvent (EV1, EV2):Lights during event output: OrangeDisplay resolution:Differs according to input range (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1)Display accuracy:TC: ±(0.3%FS + 1 digit + 2 °C)Pt: ±(0.3%FS + 1 digit + 0.1 °C)mV: ±(0.3%FS + 1 digit)V: ±(0.3%FS + 1 digit)Display accuracy maintainingrange:23 °C±5 °CMeasured value display range:-10–110% of measuring range (not below -273.15 °C : T/C input) -10–110% of measuring range (not below -240 °C : RTD input)Display cycle:500 ms (0.5 seconds)n SettingSetting method:Target value setting range:Same as measuring range (within setting limiter)Setting limiter:Individual setting for higher & lower limits are possibleWithin measuring range (lower limit value < higher limit value)Setting lock:OFF, 3-stage setting (1-3)n Input● Input common specificationinput type:Multi range input (T/C, RTD, mV, V)● Input scaling:Settable within measurement range, span 10 digits or more● Display scaling Settable at voltage input (mV, V)Scaling range-1999–9999 digitSpan 10–9999 digit● Thermocouple input (TC)Input type:B, R, S, K, E, J, T, N, PL ll, C (WRe 5-26), AuFe-Cr, {U, L (DIN43710) }Display range:Within PV limiter (provided that minimum temperature does not fall below -273.15 °C)With or without a decimal point is selectable.Input resistance:500kΩExternal resistancetolerable range:100Ω or belowCold junctioncompensation:InternalInternal cold junctioncompensation accuracy:±2°C (5–45°C)Burnout function:Only upscale● Resistance temperaturedetector input (RTD):Pt100 Three-wire typeDisplay range:Within input range setting (provided that minimum temperature does not fall below -240°C)With or without a decimal point is selectable.Lead wire tolerableresistance range:Below 10Ω/1 wire (All wires should have the same resistance.)Amperage:Approx. 0.25 mA (All wires should have the same resistance.)● Voltage input (mV)Input type:-10–50 mV DCDisplay:Programming scaling (Within PV limiter, rounded off to the lowest displayed place from the next lower place.) Input resistance:Approx. 500kΩ or aboveScaling:Valid when voltage inputScaling range:-1999–9999 digitSpan:10–9999 digitDecimal point position:Without, settable from 0.1, 0.01, or 0.001Sampling cycle:0.5 secondsPV bias:-1999–2000 digitsPV ramp:0.500–1.500 times input valuePV filter:OFF, 1–100 sec.Scaleover display:LLLL, HHHHIsolation:Uninsulated from system and DI, but insulated from other inputn Control modeExpert PID control with auto-tuning function● Control outputContact (Y):Contact (1a), 240V AC, 2.5 A: Resistive load/1 A: Inductive loadSSR drive voltage (P):12 V ± 1.5 V DC (max. load current 20 mA)Current (I):4–20 mA, max. load resistance 600ΩVoltage (V):0–10 V, max. current 2 mAOutput resolution:0.01% (1/10000 )No. of SV:2No. of PID: 2 classesProportional band:OFF, 0.1–999.9% (ON-OFF action when OFF)Integral time:OFF, 1–6000 sec. (P or PD action when OFF)Derivative time:OFF, 1–3600 sec. (P or PI action when OFF)Target value function:OFF, 0.01–1.00Output limiter:Lower limit0.0%–99.9%, higher limit 0.1–100.0% (lower limit value < Higher limit value)Manual reset:-50.0–50.0% (Valid when I = OFF)ON-OFF hysteresis:1–999 digits (Valid when P = OFF)Proportional cycle:1–120 sec., 1 sec. stepControl outputcharacteristics:Reverse/direct selectable● Manual controlOutput setting range:0.0–100.0 %, 0.1% stepOutput update cycle:500 ms (0.5 sec.)Manual n auto tuning:Balanceless/bumpless action (switch through front panel key switch or external control input [DI])n Event output (EV)No. of output:Standard 2 points (EV1-EV2)Constant rating:Contact (1a), 240 V AC, 1 A: Resistive load (common)Function:Display:ActionHd:Higher limit deviation value actionLd:Lower limit deviation value actionod:Outside higher/lower limit deviation actionid:Inside higher/lower limit deviation actionHA:Higher limit absolute value actionLA:Lower limit absolute value actionSO:Scale overRUN:Control executionROT1:Control output inverted output (contact output only)STPS:Step signalPTNS:Pattern signalENDS:Program end signalHOLD:Hold signalPROG:Program signalU_SL:Upslope signalD_SL:Downslope signalGUA:Guarantee soak● Setting rangeAbsolute value:Within both measuring range and PV limiter (both higher and lower limit) Deviation:-1999–2000 digits (both higher and lower limit)Higher/lower deviation:0–2000 digits (both inside and outside)Action:ON-OFF actionHysteresis:1–999 digitsAction delay time:OFF, 1–9999 sec.Standby action:Separate setting (separate output), selectable from any of 4 types below1) Without2) Standby 1 (when starting power, when RST ON g OFF)3) Standby 2 (when starting power, when RST ON g OFF, when execution SV is changed)4) Standby 3 (Does not output when there is input abnormality.)Latching:Selection from ON/OFFOutput characteristics:Selection from NO/NCOutput update cycle:500 ms (0.5 sec.)Isolation:Insulated from all input and output (uninsulated within EV)n External control input (DI)● No. of input:Standard 1 point● Input type:Level input, edge input● Input rating:Voltage 5 V DC (2.5 mA/1 input)● Input action:Non-voltage contact or open collector● Input holding time:500 ms (0.5 sec.)● Function:Display:Action:NON No selectionRUN1:Starts control when ON: LevelRUN2:Starts control when ON: EdgeMAN:Manual control output mode: LevelAT:AT execution: EdgeSV:SV switch:RAMP:Ramp halt:ACT:Output characteristics: LevelL_RS:Event latching release: EdgePROG:Program switch: LevelHLD:Hold signal:ADV:Advance signal: Edge● Isolation:Uninsluated from input and system, but insulated with othern Program (option)● No. of pattern:1● No. of step:10● Power failurecompensation:Without● Guarantee soak zone:oFF, 1–999 digits● Standard mode:Start SV value/PV value Selectable● No. of pattern execution:1–9999● Time accuracy:Set value × 0.3%n General specifications Data storage:By non-volatile memory (EEPROM)● Operating ambient Ambient temperature:-10–50 °CHumidity range:Below 90%RH (no condensation)Storage temperature:-20–65 °C Over voltage category:IIElevation:Max. 2000 m Pollution class: 2 (IEC 60664)Supply voltage:100–240 V AC ± 10% (50/60 Hz)● Power consumption:10 VA● Input noise removal ratio:Normal mode: 50 dB or above (50/60 Hz)● Common mode:120 dB or above (50/60 Hz)● Applicable standard:Safety: IEC61010-1 and EN61010-1 IEC61010-2-030 and EN61010-2-030EMC: EN61326-1RoHS: EN50581● Power supply short-break time:Within 50 ms, normal action continuation (when 200V)● Insulation resistance:Input-output terminal and power terminal interval, 500 V DC, 20MΩ or above ● Dielectric strength:Input-output terminal and power terminal interval, 2300 V AC, 1 min.● Material of case:Resin mold (UL94V-1 equivalent)● External dimensions/External dimensions, panel depth Panel cutoutWeight Applicable panel thicknessSRS1H48 × W48 × D66 mm, 62 mm H45×W45 mm Approx. 100 g 1.0–3.5 mmSRS3H96 × W96 × D69 mm, 65 mm H92×W92 mm Approx. 190 g SRS4H96 × W96 × D69 mm, 62 mm H92×W45 mm Approx. 120 g SRS5H48 × W96 × D66 mm, 62 mmH45×W92 mmApprox. 120 gPanel cutout/Weight/Applicable panel thickness:● Mounting:Panel flush mountingTERMINAL COVERMEASURING RANGE CODESInput Type Measuring range (°C)Measuring range (°F)Multi input ThermocoupleB*601*10–1800°C0–3300°FR02-50–1700°C0–3100°FS030–1700°C0–3100°FK04*2-199.9–800.0°C-300–1500°F050–1370°C0–2500°F E060–700°C0–1300°FJ07*2-200–600°C-320–1100°FT*608*2-270–400°C-450–750°FN090–1300°C0–2300°FPLII*3100–1300°C0–2300°FC (WRe 5-26)110–2300°C0–4200°FU*312*2-199.9–400.0°C-300–750°FL130–600°C0–1100°FKelvin K14*410.0–350.0 KAuFe-Cr15*50.0–350.0 KR.T.D.Pt10033-200–600°C-300–1100°F34-199.9–300.0°C-300–600°F mV-10–50 mV72Scaling range: -1999–9999Span: 10–9999 digitVoltage V0–10 V86*1 Thermocouple B: Accuracy guarantee is not applicable to 400 °C and 750 °F or below.*2 Thermocouple K (Celsius, Fahrenheit), E, J, T, U: Accuracy of indicated values below -100 °C and -148 °F is ± (1.5%FS + 1 digit).*3 Thermocouple PL ll, U: Accuracy of indicated values is ±(1.5%FS + 1 digit + 1 °C).*4 Thermocouple K (Kelvin) accuracy temperature range:10.0–30.0K: ±(2.0%FS + 1 digit ) Provided the wire resistance is 10Ω or below31.0–70.0K: ±(1.5%FS + 1 digit ) Provided the wire resistance is 10Ω or below71.0–350.0K: ±(1.0%FS + 1 digit )*5 Thermocouple AuFe, Cr: Accuracy of indicated values is ±(1.0%FS + 1 digit).*6 Thermocouple B, T: Accuracy of indicated values below these temperatures is subject to wire resistance below 50Ω: B: 500 °C and 930 °FT: -240 °C and -400 °F*7 Temperatures below -273 °C and -459 °F are subject to scaleover display.*8 With or without a decimal point is selectable for TC and Pt.NOTE: Unless otherwise specified, the measuring range will be set as follows when shipped from the factory:Input range Code Measuring rangeMulti-input 05K 0–1370 °CVoltage input860–10 VNOTE: For current input install input terminals of the specified receiving impedance (250Ω) and use code 86 (0–10 V).Unit: mmCrimp-type terminals fit M3 screws. Use crimp-type terminals that are no wider than 6.0 mm.■ SRS3/4Crimp-type terminals fit M3 screws. Use crimp-type terminals that are no wider than 6.0 mm.Crimp-type terminals fit M3 screws. Use crimp-type terminals that are no wider than 6.0 mm.en_SRS0_C_201224。

㊀第43卷㊀第1期2023年㊀1月㊀辐㊀射㊀防㊀护Radiation㊀ProtectionVol.43㊀No.1㊀㊀Jan.2023㊃辐射防护评价㊃简述安全报告系列第19号(SRS 19)修订版中筛选系数的变化陈佳辰,王㊀彦,廉㊀冰,杨㊀洁,岳㊀琪,武翡翡,蒙滨驰(中国辐射防护研究院,太原030006)㊀摘㊀要:本文对安全报告系列第19号(SRS 19)及其修订版进行了介绍,阐述了修订的必要性,并归纳总结了SRS 19修订版中地表水排放㊁大气排放和污水管道系统排放这三种排放途径的筛选系数所发生的变化,为放射性物质排放造成的公众照射和环境影响进行前瞻性评估提供参考㊂关键词:SRS19修订版;筛选系数;环境影响评估中图分类号:X591;TL71文献标识码:A㊀㊀收稿日期:2021-12-23作者简介:陈佳辰(1996 ),女,2018年毕业于中国石油大学(华东)能源与动力工程专业,2020年毕业于哈尔滨工业大学工程热物理专业,获硕士学位,研究实习员㊂E -mail:189****5148@1㊀SRS 19与SRS 19修订版简介国际原子能机构(IAEA)于2001年发布了安全报告系列第19号(以下简称 SRS 19 )‘放射性物质环境排放影响评价通用模型“[1],其旨在支持IAEA 安全导则‘放射性流出物环境排放的审管控制“(WS-G -2.3)[2],扩展并取代了IAEA 安全丛书第57号‘用于评价常规释放放射性核素环境转移的一般模型和参数“[3]㊂然而,SRS 19采用的大部分资料是在90年代中期收集的,目前已有更多的资料积累和信息更新,且SRS 19存在一些问题,如:缺乏可追溯性㊁计算错误㊁放射性核素有限等㊂因此,有必要对SRS 19进行修订和更新㊂2021年,IAEA 发布了‘设施和活动流出物排放所致公众照射和环境影响评价模式研究“(草稿)(以下简称 SRS 19修订版 )[4],下设三卷内容,卷1‘公众照射的筛选评价“,卷2‘设施和活动流出物排放所致公众照射剂量评价模式及参数“和卷3‘植物群和动物群的剂量筛选评估“㊂目前,报告仍在进行讨论和修订㊂SRS 19修订版将取代SRS 19和安全丛书第57号,用于评估流出物排放所致公众成员辐射剂量的影响㊂在SRS 19修订版中,使用环境模型分析向大气㊁地表水和污水排放管道的排放,模拟了放射性核素在环境中的转移,以及计算人员可能受照位置或农产品生产地的空气浓度㊂剂量估算考虑了内照射(空气中气载放射性核素的吸入㊁食物和饮水中放射性核素的食入)和外照射(来自空气和水中㊁地面沉积的放射性核素)㊂SRS 19中提出的分级评价方法分为三个阶段[1]㊂第一阶段称为无稀释模型(no dilutionmodel),假设公众在排放点暴露,如果无稀释模型预测的剂量值超过相关剂量标准,则进入第二阶段 通用环境模型(generic environmental model),该模型考虑了放射性物质在环境中的稀释和扩散㊂如果通用环境模型的预测剂量值超过参考水平,则进行与特定场景和厂址环境特征有关的评估㊂无稀释模型和通用环境模型相对应,分级评价方法中有两种筛选剂量计算因子:无稀释筛选因子和通用环境剂量计算因子㊂无稀释筛选因子可以迅速估计由于空气或水中放射性核素浓度而产生的群体剂量,即将排放点的最大年平均核素浓度与无稀释筛选因子相乘,可估算关键群体剂量㊂而通用环境剂量计算因子只作为一般性的指导,在设定或评估特定地点的排放限值时,最好考虑到实际的排放条件和实际关键组的位置㊂SRS 19修订版中的筛选评估方法包括三类筛选模式,其所需要的参数由简单到详细,评价结果㊃27㊃陈佳辰等:简述安全报告系列第19号(SRS19)修订版中筛选系数的变化㊀由保守到现实㊂使用排放量(Bq)与稀释因子单位为m-3计算得到距离排放点一定距离的环境介质中放射性核素浓度,再将核素浓度(Bq/m3)与筛选系数(单位为:Sv㊃Bq-1㊃m3)结合计算得到代表人所接受剂量(Sv)㊂源项确定的情况下,稀释因子将决定核素浓度的大小,筛选系数会对代表人受照剂量产生影响,因此,稀释因子和筛选系数是筛选评估方法中的两个关键参数㊂值得注意的是要区分总筛选系数和特定照射途径的筛选系数㊂总筛选系数考虑了某一特定排放路径所包含的所有照射途径,可用于第I㊁II㊁III类筛选评估中,而特定照射途径的筛选系数可以对特定照射途径进行更现实的评估,只用于第III类筛选评估中㊂与SRS19相比,SRS19修订版提出筛选系数与稀释因子相结合来评估剂量,省去了已有的大量剂量评价参数如摄入量㊁呼吸速率㊁剂量转化因子等,在一定程度上更易于用户的使用和操作,大大简化了剂量评价工作的工作量㊂SRS19修订版对原有核素种类进行了扩充,提供了825种放射性核素及其子体的稀释因子和筛选系数㊂SRS19修订版还明确了再悬浮污染物的吸入照射途径:①大气排放的照射途径:再悬浮物质的吸入;②地表水排放的照射途径:灌溉后再悬浮放射性气溶胶的吸入;③污水管道系统排放的照射途径:再悬浮污泥的吸入㊂2㊀SRS19修订版中筛选参数的变化2.1㊀筛选系数㊀㊀筛选方法的基础是筛选系数,筛选系数被定义为环境介质中给定核素的单位浓度所致的年待积有效剂量,即代表人在设施排放的第100年期间里通过特定照射途径所接受的年有效剂量[4]㊂SRS19修订版分别计算了对于大气排放㊁地表水排放和污水管道系统排放的筛选系数及所有相关途径的筛选系数㊂筛选系数是以近地面空气㊁地表水和污水管道排放污水中的单位活度浓度,以及向陆生和水生食物的转移㊁年摄入率㊁居留因子和相应的剂量系数的规范化假定为基础,采用简单的环境模式和全球通用的参数值㊁环境转移系数㊁摄入率和居留因子计算得到的㊂考虑到环境中长寿命放射性核素的盘存量随着时间的推移在逐渐增加,辐射照射可能会增加㊂假定100年为默认排放期,这意味着第100年排放所致的剂量包括了在前99年所有排放的剂量贡献,并且包含放射性核素所产生子代的剂量贡献㊂对于污水管道系统的受照人员,除了SRS19中已有的污水处理厂工作人员,SRS19修订版还增加了因土壤中放射性核素的沉积㊁吸入再悬浮的微粒㊁以及在农田中施用污水污泥后摄入含有放射性核素的食物和土壤而受到辐射照射的公众成员㊂与SRS19相比,SRS19修订版中筛选系数发生变化的原因有以下几点[4]:(1)SRS19中假定30年为默认排放期,而SRS19修订版中假定100年为默认排放期; (2)SRS19修订版中使用了累积因子㊁衰变和生长因子;(3)SRS19修订版中特定放射性核素的筛选系数包括设施运行期间在环境中累积的所有放射性物质的剂量,包括衰变产物所产生的剂量; (4)SRS19修订版中对生物累积因子进行了更新;(5)为考虑非平衡情况或短寿命放射性核素,SRS19修订版中对转移因子进行了更新;(6)对于吸入剂量,SRS19修订版使用最大剂量系数;(7)SRS19修订版中的代表人员包括了10岁儿童;(8)SRS19修订版中增加了饮用水㊁鱼类(成人)和植物(作物+叶菜)的摄入率;(9)SRS19修订版中将作物和叶菜分开考虑;(10)SRS19修订版中增加了向河流排放的途径 灌溉;(11)SRS19修订版中对沉积模型进行了修正;(12)SRS19修订版中对污水管道系统工作人员吸入(再悬浮)剂量的计算方法进行了修正;(13)SRS19修订版中污水管道系统工作人员外照射计算使用单位体积剂量系数,不再使用单位表面积剂量系数;(14)对于向污水管道系统的排放,SRS19修订版中增加了公众成员的受照㊂㊃37㊃㊀辐射防护第43卷㊀第1期2.2㊀地表水排放㊀㊀与SRS19相比,SRS19修订版中新增了排入湖泊㊁海洋和河口地区的类型,在环境影响评估时需要考虑基于不同水文停留时间的放射性核素累积总量;增加了动物饮水导致的食肉和奶的照射途径以及灌溉照射途径㊂此外,SRS19修订版中各年龄组的饮水量和食鱼量均有所增加:婴儿的饮水量取1.5,成人的饮水量取1.7,成人的食鱼量取1.7,并且SRS19修订版中使用所有年龄组和所有照射途径的最大筛选系数,这表明筛选评估方法具有一定保守性㊂地表水排放的筛选系数的变化具体阐述如下:(1)除13种核素外,其他核素更新后的筛选系数均高于SRS19中的值,其中12种核素增大超过100倍,38种核素增大了10~100倍;鱼类食入的重要性减弱,沉积的重要性增强,这是因为对沉积模型进行了修订,使用新的K d值,增加了灌溉途径㊂(2)12种核素的筛选系数增大超过100倍,其中Ac-228,Ag-110m,Au-198,Bi-206,Bi-212, Cu-64,Na-24,Rh-105,Rh-107,Sr-87m,Ru-103这11种核素筛选系数的增大是因为沉积模型进行了修正,并且其为短寿命核素;Bi-210筛选系数的增大是因为增加了灌溉途径,并考虑了其衰变产物Po-210的摄入所致剂量㊂(3)由于沉积模型进行了修正,以下核素的筛选系数增大不足100倍(Ce-141,Co-58,Co-60, Cr-51,Fe-59,In-113m,Mn-54,Mo-99,Pa-233, Ru-106,Sb-124,Sb-125,Sn-112,Sr-85,Tc-99m,Tl-202,Y-87,Zr-95)㊂(4)由于增加了灌溉途径,以下核素的筛选系数增大(I-125,I-129,Pa-231,Pd-107,Pu-238, Pu-239,Pu-240,Pu-241,Pu-242,Ra-226,Sr-90,Tc-99,Th-232,U-232,U-234,U-235,U-238)㊂(5)由于食入鱼类,以下核素的筛选系数增大(I-125,I-239,Pu-238,Pu-239,Pu-240,Pu-241,Pu-242,Ra-226,Tc-99,Th-232,Am-241, Po-210,Se-75)㊂(6)由于生物累积因子的变化,以下核素的筛选系数减小(Ga-67,Hg-197,Hg-197m,Hg-203)㊂2.3㊀大气排放㊀㊀就照射途径来说,SRS19将叶菜包括在农作物摄入中㊁将土壤摄入包含在土壤到植被的转移过程中,而在SRS19修订版中将叶菜摄入和土壤摄入均作为单独的照射途径,并且新增了再悬浮引起的内照射途径㊂特别的是,SRS19修订版考虑了Hg㊁I㊁S放射性同位素的单独化学形式,并且将使用所有年龄组㊁所有材料类型(F,M,S)或化学形式㊁所有照射途径的最大筛选系数,这表明筛选评估方法具有一定保守性㊂修订版中的大气排放筛选系数发生的变化见表1㊂表1㊀大气排放途径的筛选系数的变化Tab.1㊀Variation of screening coefficientsfor atmospheric discharge㊀㊀除了Na-22㊁Na-24㊁Ni-59㊁Ni-63和Rb-86这5种放射性核素外,其他放射性核素的筛选系数均高于SRS19,这5种核素筛选系数减小的原因是牛奶中转移因子的减小㊂(1)修订前后筛选系数变化最大的核素是Bi-210,修订后的筛选系数增大了2000倍,这是因为使用了累积因子,并且Bi-210的筛选系数包括了Bi-210在环境介质中形成的衰变产物Po-210的剂量㊂(2)Te-131m的筛选系数变大的原因是筛选㊃47㊃陈佳辰等:简述安全报告系列第19号(SRS19)修订版中筛选系数的变化㊀系数包括了Te-131m在环境介质中形成的衰变产物的剂量,特别是衰变产物I-131㊂(3)钍同位素Th-228㊁Th-230㊁Th-232的筛选系数变大的原因是筛选系数包括了衰变产物的剂量,特别是衰变产物Ra-228对于Th-232筛选系数的贡献㊂(4)对于汞同位素来说,筛选系数增大是由于汞沉积系数较高㊁叶菜摄入单独处理㊁累积因子的使用所造成的摄入剂量的增加,其中Hg-197的筛选系数增大,部分原因是针对特定的化学形式,即汞蒸气,使用了吸入剂量系数㊂(5)对于碘同位素,由于碘沉积系数较高㊁叶菜摄入单独处理㊁累积因子的使用㊁考虑化学形式㊁以及代表人员包含10岁儿童,造成了摄入剂量的增加,使得修订后的筛选系数增大㊂(6)对于核素Ac-228,SRS19中其筛选系数的95%贡献来自吸入照射途径所致剂量,修订版中其筛选系数的25%贡献来自吸入照射途径所致剂量,其余75%贡献来自摄入途径所致剂量,此外,筛选系数增大的原因还包括:牛奶和肉类的转移因子增大㊁叶菜摄入单独处理㊁以及筛选系数包括衰变产物Th-228和Ra-224的剂量㊂2.4㊀污水管道系统排放㊀㊀对于污水管道系统排放,SRS19只考虑污水处理厂工作人员受照,SRS19修订版中还增加了公众成员受照㊂污水处理厂工作人员受照射途径来自污水引起的外照射以及再悬浮物质吸入引起的内照射,公众成员受照射途径来自土壤中放射性核素沉积所致的外照射,以及再悬浮微粒吸入㊁农田中施用污水污泥后含有放射性核素的食物和土壤的摄入所致的内照射㊂为了保证筛选评估方法的保守性,在再悬浮物质吸入模型进行修正时,考虑到工作人员比一般公众成员受照产生剂量要高,所以工人的吸入率乘系数1.3,并且使用吸入剂量系数的最大值㊂由于以上变化,计算污水处理厂工作人员的剂量时,24种核素修订后的筛选系数高于SRS19的值,吸入剂量贡献约占90%~100%;78种核素修订后的筛选系数低于SRS19的值,降低了大约60倍,外照射剂量占主导地位㊂计算公众成员的剂量时,由于土壤累积及核素衰变产物的影响,公众成员受照剂量等于或大于工人受照剂量,有16种核素的公众成员剂量超过了SRS19中的剂量㊂3㊀思考与建议㊀㊀SRS19修订版提供了一种最新的㊁结构化的方法,用于对计划照射情况下放射性物质排放造成的公众照射和环境影响进行前瞻性筛选评估,其涵盖了向大气㊁地表水和污水管道系统排放的情况㊂SRS19所作的修订对于环境影响评价的影响主要体现在筛选系数的变化,在环境影响评价工作中应注意以下几点:(1)SRS19修订版提供的方法适用于连续或持续地向环境排放放射性物质,不适用于应急准备或应急响应,也不适用于废物处置设施的长期评价㊂(2)区分总筛选系数和特定照射途径的筛选系数,总筛选系数可用于第I㊁II㊁III类筛选评估中,而特定照射途径的筛选系数只用于第III类筛选评估中㊂(3)对于地表水排放,在环境影响评估时应注意新增的排入湖泊㊁海洋和河口地区的类型,新增的动物饮水导致的食肉和奶的照射途径以及灌溉照射途径,以及各年龄组的饮水量和食鱼量的变化情况㊂(4)对于大气排放,在环境影响评估时应注意叶菜摄入和土壤摄入均作为单独的照射途径,并且新增了再悬浮引起的内照射途径㊂(5)对于污水管道系统排放,在环境影响评估时应考虑以下途径:污水处理厂工作人员因吸入再悬浮的污水污泥而造成的内照射㊁污水处理厂工作人员受到干湿污泥中放射性核素的外照射㊁污水污泥作为土壤改良剂使用后导致的外照射㊁污水污泥作为土壤改良剂使用后吸入再悬浮物质而造成的内照射㊁污水污泥作为土壤改良剂使用后摄入土壤和食品而造成的内照射㊂4㊀结论㊀㊀本文主要针对SRS19修订版中有关筛选系数内容的变化进行了总结和分析,相关变化需在评估流出物排放所致公众成员辐射剂量的影响时加以重点关注㊂SRS19修订版所提供的筛选评估方法主要是出于筛选之目的而进行一般剂量评估,即为表征流出物排放所致辐射影响的大小,这㊃57㊃㊀辐射防护第43卷㊀第1期种方法是有意偏重保守的㊂进行环境影响评估工作时应注意由于排放途径㊁照射途径等改变所引起的相关筛选系数的变化㊂在使用不同类别的筛选模式时,注意区分总筛选系数和特定照射途径的筛选系数,以用于不同类别的筛选评估中㊂参考文献:[1]㊀International Atomic Energy Agency.Generic models for use in assessing the impact of discharges of radioactive substancesto the environment[R].Safety Reports Series No.19.IAEA,2001.[2]㊀International Atomic Energy Agency.Regulatory control of radioactive discharges to the environment [R ].IAEA SafetyStandards Series No.WS-G -2.3.IAEA,2000.[3]㊀International Atomic Energy Agency.Safe long term operation of nuclear power plants[R].Safety Reports Series No.57.IAEA,2008.[4]㊀International Atomic Energy Agency.Assessment of the impact of radioactive discharges to the environment [R].SafetyReports Series No.113.IAEA,2021.Brief description of changes in screening coefficients in the revision of IAEA Safety Report Series No.19(SRS 19)CHEN Jiachen,WANG Yan,LIAN Bing,YANG Jie,YUE Qi,WU Feifei,MENG Binchi(China Institute for Radiation Protection,Taiyuan 030006)Abstract :The paper introduces the IAEA Safety Report Series No.19(SRS 19)and the revised version of SRS19;expounds the necessity of revision and summarizes the changes of screening coefficient of the three kinds ofdischarge pathways,namely surface water discharge,air discharge and sewage pipeline system discharge.The paper also provides reference for prospective assessment of public exposure and environmental impact caused byradioactive material discharge.Key words :revised SRS 19;screening coefficient;environmental impact assessment㊃消㊀息㊃国际原子能机构在农业与土地方面的工作㊀㊀国际原子能机构(IAEA)通过其技术合作计划以及与国际粮农组织(FAO,联合国的所属组织之一)合作成立的粮农组织/原子能机构粮农核技术联合中心,助力60多个国家使用核技术测量和控制土壤侵蚀㊂原子能机构和粮农组织提供了关于使用放射性核素沉降迁移评估土壤侵蚀和土壤保持措施有效性的导则,以分享土壤保持最佳实践,以及关于使用特定放射性核素沉降的具体情况,如铯-137和铍-7㊂原子能机构还出版了关于使用特定化合物稳定同位素技术进行沉积物追踪的导则㊂在非洲㊁亚洲和太平洋地区以及拉丁美洲和加勒比地区,原子能机构与科学家分享核技术知识,并通过地区项目协助其防治土地退化和水库沉积,以及提高土壤生产力以改善粮食保障㊂原子能机构与联合国防治荒漠化公约(UNCCD)合作,推广现有的最佳土壤管理方法,尤其是在容易发生土壤侵蚀或受其影响的地区㊂原子能机构努力实现联合国可持续发展目标之一 土地退化中和,该目标旨在防治荒漠化㊁恢复退化的土地和土壤,并努力建立一个不再出现土地退化的世界㊂(来源:IAEA 网站)㊃67㊃。

–DIAGNOSTICS SUPPLEMENT AL RESTRAINT SYSTEM05IY7–01 DTC B1826/56OPEN IN SIDE SQUIB (P SEAT SIDE)CIRCUITCIRCUIT DESCRIPTIONThe side squib (P seat side) circuit consists of the airbag ECU assy and the front seat w/ adjuster frame assy RH (side squib (P seat side)).The circuit instructs the SRS to deploy when deployment conditions are met.DTC B1826 is recorded when an open circuit is detected in the side squib (P seat side) circuit.WIRING DIAGRAMSee page 05–1561.H42818H44043H44555Side Squib (P seat side)Airbag ECU AssySFR+SFR–AD C BS21F EOKH43102H44044H44560Side Squib (P seat side)SFR+SFR–Airbag ECU AssyService WireS21DCF E2CHECK AIR BAG ECU ASSY(a)Connect the connectors to the airbag ECU assy.(b)Using a service wire, connect S21–2 (SFR+) and S21–1(SFR–) of connector ”E”.NOTICE:Do not forcibly insert a service wire into the terminals of the connector when connecting.(c)Connect the negative (–) terminal cable to the battery,and wait for at least 2 seconds.(d)Turn the power switch on (IG), and wait for at least 60 se-conds.(e)Clear the DTCs stored in memory (see page 05–1402).(f)Turn the power switch off.(g)Turn the power switch on (IG), and wait for at least 60 se-conds.(h)Check the DTCs (see page 05–1402).OK:DTC B1826 is not output.HINT:Codes other than code B1826 may be output at this time, but they are not related to this check.NGREPLACE AIR BAG ECU ASSY (SEE PAGE 60–54)OKH44557Side Squib (P seat side)Airbag ECU AssyDCF E3CHECK FRONT SEAT W/ADJUSTER FRAME ASSY RH(SIDE SQUIB (P SEAT SIDE))(a)Turn the power switch off.(b)Disconnect the negative (–) terminal cable from the bat-tery, and wait for at least 90 seconds.(c)Disconnect the service wire from connector ”E”.(d)Connect the connector to the front seat w/ adjuster frame assy RH (side squib (P seat side)).(e)Connect the negative (–) terminal cable to the battery,and wait for at least 2 seconds.(f)Turn the power switch on (IG), and wait for at least 60 se-conds.(g)Clear the DTCs stored in memory (see page 05–1402).(h)Turn the power switch off.(i)Turn the power switch on (IG), and wait for at least 60 se-conds.(j)Check the DTCs (see page 05–1402).OK:DTC B1826 is not output.HINT:Codes other than code B1826 may be output at this time, but they are not related to this check.NGREPLACE FRONT SEAT W/ADJUSTER FRAME ASSY RH (SEE PAGE 72–2)OKUSE SIMULATION METHOD TO CHECK (SEE PAGE 05–1397)HINT:S Perform the simulation method by selecting the check mode with the hand–held tester (see page 05–1405).SAfter selecting the check mode, perform the simulation method by wiggling each connector of the air-bag system or driving the vehicle on a city or rough road (see page 05–1405).H42820H44043H44558B BG1CD AEF Airbag ECU AssySFR–SFR+Seat Airbag No.2 WireSide Squib (P seat side)Floor Wire No.2H44043H42821H44559BS21C D AEF Airbag ECU AssySFR+SFR–Seat Airbag No.2 WireSide Squib (P seat side)Floor Wire No.24CHECK FLOOR WIRE NO.2CHECK SEAT AIRBAG NO.2 WIREUSE SIMULATION METHOD TO CHECK (SEE PAGE HINT:S Perform the simulation method by selecting the check mode with the hand–held tester (see page 05–1405).SAfter selecting the check mode, perform the simulation method by wiggling each connector of the air-bag system or driving the vehicle on a city or rough road (see page 05–1405).。

C linician inspired perioperative solutionsG E’s Avance Carestation® was developed using Datex-Ohmeda’s unique approach to perioperative solutions – close and continuous collaboration with clinicians. With you as our guide, we designed a compact, integrated anesthesia carestation that combines our highly advanced anesthesia delivery, the very best in anesthesia patient monitoring, and care information management. By combining these care elements with our supplies and services, we deliver an essential component of your integrated perioperative solution.S imply the best anesthesia ventilationY ou asked for sophisticated ventilation capabilities thathelp you meet the needs of the full patient range. TheDatex-Ohmeda Avance satisfi es your request with the7900 SmartVent™ ventilator. Ventilation capabilities include:Volume Control, Pressure Control, PSVPro, SIMV (Volume andPressure), and manual ventilation.The SmartVent uses a similar gas delivery system to thatfound in most critical care ventilators, yet has been adaptedspecifi cally for anesthesia applications and is easily control-led via our intuitive Datex-Ohmeda user interface.The SmartVent’s latest modes, Synchronized IntermittentMandatory Ventilation (SIMV) with Pressure Support and PSV-Pro® (Pressure Support with Apnea backup mode), expand theclinical capabilities of the Avance to help meet the needs ofyour patients. With an adjustable fl ow trigger, electronic PEEPand an apnea backup mode, the SIMV and PSVPro modeshelp simplify the work of caring for your spontaneouslybreathing patients. Pediatric patients, patients with laryngealmask airways (LMAs) and those that cannot tolerate certainanesthetic agents are examples of persons that will benefi tfrom the use of these modes.S etting the standard for electronic gas mixing Incredible response time and accuracy provides you with the ultimate in fresh gas control and effi ciency.• Low fl ow anesthesia supported:fl ow of 150 mL/min.gasminimum• 500 millisecond mixer response time –even for dramatic fl ow changes. Thisallows you to deliver exactly what youwant, exactly when you want it.• Since the mixer delivers fresh gasdirectly to the inspiratory port on yourcommand, there is no fresh gas oragent wasted to “charge the circuit”.This facilitates low fl ow clinicalpractices – even when changing fromfl ows to very low fl ows.highvery• Intuitive and fast setting of fresh gas fl ow mixture makes using our state-of-the-artgas mixer easy.• Dual fl ow sensing technology helpsensure safe operation. Gas fl ow ischecked 200 times per second to insurethe carestation is delivering the properblend based on your setting.• Electronic cylinder pressure sensingtechnology alerts you when cylinderslow.are• Alternate O2 control provides an inde-pendent fresh gas source and fl ow metercontrol when required – helping you tosupport your patient under unforeseenconditions.A dvanced Breathing System (ABS)The Avance comes equipped with our Advanced Breathing System, the ABS TM. Its design, based on your needs and our expertise, is fully integrated into the carestation.• Fewer parts and connections reducethe potential for leaks and misconnects,helping to provide greater patient safety.• Our Multi Absorber canister facilitatesfast, easy removal and replacement.• Fully autoclavable.• Choice of gas scavenging options helps provide compatibility with your existingwaste gas system.• Easy on/off capability and no toolsdisassembly of the ABS facilitates easiercleaning and reduces maintenance time.E nhancing your productivityS pecial features of the Avance make it easy to use and enable you tofocus more attention on your patient.• System checkout is fast and intuitive, with full-color photoimages to illustrate each step and confi rmation tones wheneach test is complete. A real-time clock displays time tocomplete each test and the date and time it passed.• Patient trends can be displayed in three views: measured(numerical), settings, and graphical. Measured and settingsdata is saved every fi ve minutes for the most recent 24 hours.Graphical data is saved every minute for the most recent 24 hours.• Quick Keys let you easily change O2 and total fl ow settings.You can use Vent Setup keys to enter and change multiplesettings and one button to confi rm them.• You can press any Gas or Vent key to take the machine outof standby and initiate gas fl ow to start the case, essential forcases.emergency• An 8-second power-down delay protects against accidentalshutdown during a case.P atient Spirometry TM measures airway pressures, fl ow, vol-umes, compliance and airway resistance breath by breath. On the Avance ventilation screen, the spirometry information is displayed as graphical loops, which may help you detect leaks or obstructions in the airway and adjust optimal ven-tilator settings. Because the spirometry loops are saveable, Patient Spirometry off ers you an intuitive tool for detecting changes in the patient’s ventilatory status.•Optional Datex-Ohmeda CompactAirway module can be physicallyintegrated into Avance for PatientSpirometry• Airway gases CO2, O2 and N2O andanesthetic agent measurement withidentifi cationautomatic• Patient Spirometry measured atthe patient’s airway as shown onthe Avance ventilation screen• A complete and integrated pictureof your patient’s ventilatory statusSubcortical ComponentsCortical Components AntinociceptionImmobilityAutonomic StabilityUnconsciousnessAmnesiaBrain FunctionEEG Airway GasesCO O Oxygen ReturnSvO 79MetabolismVO 340VCO 290EE 2400RQ 0.85Lung MechanicsCardiac FunctionECG RelaxationNMTLevel of HypnosisRE 42SE 40BIS 40TemperatureGastric PerfusionPgCO 45CirculationOxygen DeliverySpO 98Haemodynamic monitoring• Standard haemodynamic measurement of ECG, NIBP, up to six invasive blood pressure channels, temperature, SpO2 and respiration rate, C.O. and SpO2 technologies with oxygenation and• SvOhaemodynamic calculations give a thorough view of your patient’s haemodynamic statusECG and ST analysis• Up to 12-lead ECG with multi-lead arrhythmia analysis• Viewing, printing and adjustable ST alarm settings for ante- rior, inferior and lateral lead groups• Sophisticated Ischemic Burden view for easy and accurate visualization of patient’s ischemic eventsLevel of hypnosis• Entropy® monitors the eff ects of certain anaesthetics on the patient’s central nervous system• Response Entropy shows the reactivity of the patient’s,State Entropy the hypnotic state of cortex• Helps to avoid unnecessarily deep anaesthesia and to prevent unexpected recoveryNeuromuscular transmission• The NMT module measures the patient’s individual re- sponse to nerve stimulation and regional block• Continuous hands-free measurement with automatic trending and recovery note• All simulation modes (TOF, DBS, ST, PTC) to optimize thepatient’s level of neuromuscular blockEEG• A sensitive tool for monitoring the neurophysiological sta- tus of the perioperative patient• Up to four channels of continuous measurement and spec- tral EEG with trending• Auditory Evoked Potential (AEP) measurement for brain- stem and mid-latency responsesI ntegrated solutions designed to enhance your careO ur constant cooperation and interaction with clinicians al-lows us to continuously refi ne and improve our user interfacecapabilities and identify valuable integration benefi ts. Werecognize that making our carestations easy to use is abso-lutely one of the most important aspects we can provide toyou and your practice.Unique ergonomic advantages• Heralded Datex-Ohmeda user interface shared with allcomponents of the carestation• Consistent menus, quick key actions and alarm management help minimize the need for training and reducecomplexity during critical and non-critical events• One switch power up for the entire carestation• Flexibility with diff erent display options for monitored data• Extra large work surface area – space to meet your needs• LED light strip provides bi-level work surface illumination• Mains electrical surge protection and battery backupprovide operation capability even under abnormal powerconditionsSupport in decision making• By combining the set and measured inspiratory and ex-piratory gas values on the same full-color, 12 inch venti-lation screen helps make the administration and controlof gases delivered to the patient logical and easy to use• Sophisticated, yet simple alarm management providesyou with intelligent information when you need it most• Help screens provide you with immediate assistance• Strong commitment to enhancing the Avance’s abilityto provide decision support through intelligent parameterinteractionAnesthesia documentation• Centricity Anesthesia is an open, modular anaesthesiasolution providing a continuum of patient data throughoutthe anaesthesia workfl ow.• Deio Anesthesia shares the Datex-Ohmeda anaesthesiamonitoring user interface and hardware platform. Ittherefore provides an excellent solution for customerswho already own Datex-Ohmeda monitors and arefamiliar with their operation. Like Centricity Anesthesia,Deio Anesthesia provides tools covering the entireprocess.anaesthesiaInformation at the point of needThe iCentral suite of applications off ers scalable networking, viewing, storing and exporting of all patient data. It provides real-time waveforms, numerical data, alarms, vital signs, trends, event history with snapshots and full disclosure – all logically organized into cardiac, haemodynamic, ventilation and neurological views. Using iCentral, consultation and remote surveillance are easier when the same, complete information is available simultaneously in all departments, offi ces and other care locations.iConnect solutions include iCollect, a valuable research tool for professionals that provides an easy and efficient way to collect all data from iMM monitors; iDIS (Device Interfacing Solution) allowing interfacing of external medical devices to iMM monitoring; and iGate, a communication platform to hospital information systems supporting standards developed specifi cally for the healthcare domain, such as HL7.iPON solutions help clinicians capture and share vital information wheneverand wherever they need it. iPOC – information at the point of care – makes it easy to navigate a wealth of clinical information, giving care providers bedside access to various information sources like laboratory results, patient demograph-ic data and image access, while also offering the possibility to run otherclinical information systems applications. Complementing iPOC are Cellular Viewer, Pocket Viewer and Web Viewer, which allow real-time information access from both within and outside of the hospital.For more than 100 years, scientists and industry leaders have relied on General Electric for technology, services and productivity solutions. So no matter what challenges your healthcare system faces – you can always count on GE to help you deliver the highest quality services and support.For details, please contact your GE Healthcare represen-tative today.General Electric Company reserves the right to make changes in speci fi cations and features shown herein, or discontinue the pro-duct described at any time without notice or obligation. Contact your GE representative for the most current information.© 2005 General Electric Company GE Healthcare Finland Oy, a General Electric Company, going to market as GE Healthcare Printed in Finland GE HealthcareGE Healthcare Finland OyP.O. Box 900,FIN-00031 GE, FinlandTel. +358 10 394 11Fax +358 9 146 3310M1040439/0105 © 2005 The decisive di ff erenceSupplies and accessories are not born equal, whether in design, quality or price. Our original Supplies & Accessories are designed and validated speci fi cally for our equipment. They make a decisive di ff erence to your operation by ensuring:• Constant availability and lifetime support• Compatibility• High quality – tested and valitated• Accurate measurements• Ease-of-use – true ergonomic design• Excellent value。

孩之寶公司品質保証安全性及可靠性規格SRS-070題目:勸告、警告和注意事項貼紙由: C.FISCHER 批准:日期:1996年7月7日版本: B1.0 目的此規格的目的在于: 在釆購時(包裝上的貼紙)和/或初次使用前(指導性資料)和/或每次使用前(產品上的貼紙)提供給消費者有關孩之寶公司產品的勸告、警告和小心的聲明,除了指導消費者作釆購選擇,正確地使用產品和避免產品誤用外,按照此規格的要求可確保符合美國警告聲明的要求(如: TMA,CPSC)。

2.0 定義2.1 主要顯示面主要顯示面是包裝箱的表面部分以及有貼紙的外包裝面在零售時最醒目、最顯眼、易展示或易查看的面。

2.2 主要顯示面的面積主要顯示面的面積是外箱的側面或表面的面積,或者是在零售時最易展現、顯示、出現或檢查貼紙的外箱的邊或面積或包裝面或該面積不限于貼有貼紙的表面部分,其包括整個表面、罐底及罐頂的折邊,罐的圓錐部分,瓶子的柄、中間和頸以及底均不需測量,為確定警告貼紙的正確尺寸,也需計算主要顯示面的面積,方法如下:如是長方形包裝,有一邊為主要顯示面,該主要顯示面的面積為產品高度乘以該面的寬度。

如果是主要顯示面出現在邊上的柱形或近似柱形容器或細管,那么主要顯示面的面積應為外箱高度的40%乘以周長。

如果是外箱的其它形狀,主要顯示面的面積為外箱所有表面面積的40%,摺邊面積,上文規定的頂部和底部面積除外。

但是,如果此類外箱有一明顯的主要顯示面(如洗滌劑的容器的邊有橢圓或收腰形狀的),需測量的面積應為可見的主要顯示面的全部面積。

2.3 產品安全性聲明孩之寶公司包裝、產品、說明書等的產品安全性聲明是告誡使用者潛在危險的性質与程度；產品安全性聲明也可提供安全預防措施或采取避免措施或提供其它方法以消除或減低潛在危險。

孩之寶公司產品安全聲明用單個字眼表示“警告”或“小心”(參照下文)。

信號字眼2.3.1 指定危險嚴重性等級或水平的字眼；孩之寶產品安全性聲明的詞匯是: 警告或小心。

2011/5/15监护仪使用说明书目录目录 (1)责任声明 (5)前言 (7)第一章产品概述 (8)1.1 监护仪概述 (9)1.2 显示界面介绍 (11)1.3 按键功能与基本操作 (13)1.4 监护仪外部接口 (15)1.5 内置充电电池 (16)第二章监护仪的安装 (17)2.1 开箱并检查 (17)2.2 电器连接 (17)2.3 通电开机 (17)2.4 传感器的连接 (18)2.5 记录仪的检查 (18)第三章系统菜单 (19)3.1 病人信息管理 (19)3.2 缺省配置 (20)3.3 回顾功能 (21)3.3.1 NIBP回顾 (21)3.3.2 报警事件回顾 (22)3.3.3 趋势图回顾 (22)3.3.4 趋势表回顾 (24)3.4 监护仪信息 (25)3.5 监护仪设置 (26)3.5.1 工作界面选择 (26)3.5.2 报警限显示 (26)3.5.3 报警记录时间 (27)3.5.4 报警暂停时间 (27)3.5.5 参数报警形式 (27)3.5.6 报警音量 (27)3.5.7 系统时间设置 (27)3.5.8 记录输出设置 (28)3.5.9 事件设置 (28)3.6 监护仪维护 (28)3.7 演示功能 (29)第四章病人安全 (30)第五章维护和清洁 (32)5.1 维护检查 (32)5.2 一般清洁 (32)5.3 清洁剂的使用 (32)5.4 消毒和杀菌 (33)5.5 消毒 (33)第六章报警 (34)6.1 报警概述 (34)6.2 报警属性 (34)6.2.1 报警类型 (34)6.2.1.1 生理报警分类 (34)6.2.1.2 报警级别 (34)6.2.1.3 可清除声光 (35)6.2.1.4 可完全清除 (35)6.3 报警提示形式 (35)6.3.1 声光特性 (35)6.3.2 文字特性 (35)6.3.3 其他 (36)6.4 报警状态 (36)6.4.1 概述 (36)6.4.2 报警静音状态 (36)6.4.3 报警声音关闭状态 (36)6.4.4 报警暂停状态 (36)6.4.5 状态切换 (36)6.5 报警方式 (37)6.5.1 概述 (37)6.5.2 适用范围 (37)6.5.3 栓锁后的报警提示 (37)6.5.4 栓锁方式的清除 (37)6.6 报警设置 (38)6.6.1 声音开关设置 (38)6.6.2 自动报警关闭 (38)6.6.3 开机时导联脱落 (39)6.7 参数报警 (39)6.8 当报警发生时应采取的措施 (39)第七章记录仪（选配） (40)7.1 记录仪的一般资料 (40)7.2 记录仪的类型 (40)7.3 记录输出 (40)7.4 记录仪操作及状态信息 (41)第八章心电和呼吸（ECG/RESP） (42)8.1 心电监护说明 (42)8.1.1 心电监护定义 (42)8.1.2 心电监护的注意事项 (42)8.2 心电监护操作方法 (43)8.2.1 准备 (43)8.2.2 安装心电导联 (44)8.3 心电图菜单 (47)8.4 心电报警信息与提示信 (49)8.5 呼吸测量 (51)8.6 RESP报警信息与提示信息 (52)8.7 维护与清洁 (53)第九章血氧饱和度（SPO2） (54)9.1 血氧饱和度监护说明 (54)9.2 血氧饱和度监护操作方法 (56)9.3 血氧饱和度监护测量限制 (57)9.4 血氧饱和度菜单 (59)9.5 血氧饱和度报警信息 (63)9.6 维护与清洁 (61)第十章体温（TEMP） (62)10.1 体温监护说明 (62)10.2 体温菜单 (62)10.3 体温报警信息与提示信息 (63)10.4 维护与清洁 (64)第十一章无创血压（NIBP） (65)11.1 无创血压监护说明 (65)11.2 无创血压监护操作方法 (65)11.2.1 NIBP测量 (65)11.2.2 NIBP参数设置与调整 (68)11.3 无创血压菜单 (69)11.4 NIBP报警信息与提示信息 (72)11.5 维护与清洁 (75)附录I附件规格 (76)I.1 ECG附件 (76)I.2 SPO2附件 (76)I.3 TEMP附件 (76)I.4 NIBP附件 (77)附录II产品规格 (78)II.1监护仪类型 (78)II.2 监护仪规格 (78)II.2.1 监护仪尺寸和重量 (78)II.2.2 工作环境 (78)II.2.3 显示信息 (78)II.2.4 电池 (78)II.2.5 记录仪 (78)II.2.6 回顾 (79)II.３ECG规格 (79)II.3.1 导联配置 (79)II.3.2 增益 (79)II.3.3 心率 (79)II.3.4 灵敏度 (79)II.3.5 输入阻抗 (79)II.3.6 带宽 (79)II.3.7 共模抑制比 (79)II.3.8 电极极化电压范围 (79)II.3.9 起搏脉冲检测 (79)II.3.10 起搏脉冲抑制 (79)II.3.11 基线恢复时间 (79)II.3.12 信号范围 (79)II.3.13 校准信号 (80)II.4 呼吸规格 (80)II.4.1 测量方式 (80)II.4.2 呼吸阻抗检测范围 (80)II.4.3 基阻抗范围 (80)II.4.4 带宽 (80)II.4.5 呼吸率 (80)II.4.6 窒息报警 (80)II.5 SPO2规格 (80)II.5.1 血氧饱和度 (80)II.5.2 脉率 (80)II.6 TEMP规格 (80)II.6.1 适用温度传感器 (80)II.6.2 通道数 (80)II.6.3 测量 (80)II.7 NIBP规格 (80)II.7.1 测量方式 (80)II.7.2 工作模式 (80)II.7.3 自动测量模式的测量间隔时间 (80)II.7.4 连续测量模式的测量时间 (81)II.7.5 脉率范围 (81)II.7.6 测量范围和精度 (81)II.6.7 过压保护 (81)责任声明本公司对于本手册的错误、安装错误、操作错误不作任何形式的担保，对于偶发或必然损坏不承担任何法律责任。

1、LTE 相关信道映射信道类型信道名称PBCH(物理播送信道〕TD-S 类似信道PCCPCH功能简介MIB•传输上下行数据调度信令•上行功控命令掌握信道PDCCH〔下行物理掌握信道) HS-SCCH•寻呼消息调度授权信令•RACH 响应调度授权信令业务信道PHICH(HARQ 指示信道〕PCFICH〔掌握格式指示信道〕PRACH〔随机接入信道〕PUCCH〔上行物理掌握信道〕PDSCH〔下行物理共享信道〕PUSCH〔上行物理共享信道〕ADPCHN/APRACHHS-SICHPDSCHPUSCH传输掌握信息 HI〔ACK/NACK)指示 PDCCH 长度的信息用户接入恳求信息传输上行用户的掌握信息，包括 CQI, ACK/NAK反响，调度恳求等。

闭环功控参数 TCP下行用户数据、RRC 信令、SIB、寻呼消息上行用户数据、用户掌握信息反响，包括CQI,PMI,RI规律信道:播送,寻呼,多播,掌握,业务(即掌握和业务两大类)传输信道:播送,寻呼,多播,共享特殊子帧包含三个部分：DwPTS(downlink pilot time slot),GP(guard period),UpPTS(uplink pilot time slot)。

DwPTS 传输的是下行的参考信号，也可以传输一些掌握信息。

UpPTS 上可以传输一些短的RACH 和SRS 的信息。

GP 是上下行之间的保护时间。

调制方式:PCFICH QPSKPHICH BPSKPBCH QPSKPDCCH QPSKPDSCH QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAMPUCCH BPSK, QPSKPUSCH QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAMPRACH 不用星座图,用ZC 序列.2、LTE 小区搜寻流程：PSS >SSS >RS >BCH.Mode 传输模式技术描述应用场景1 单天线传输信息通过单天线进展发送无法布放双通道室分系统的室内站2 放射分集3 开环空间复用闭环空间复用同一信息的多个信号副本分别通过多个衰落特性相互独立的信道进展发送终端不反响信道信息，放射端依据预定义的信道信息来确定放射信号需要终端反响信道信息，放射端承受该信息进展信号预处理以产生空间独立性信道质量不好时，如小区边缘信道质量高且空间独立性强时4 信道质量高且空间独立性强时。