论文完成稿---英汉颜色词对比及翻译

英汉颜色词的语用意义对比及其翻译
英汉颜色词的语用意义对比及其翻译
颜色词在英汉两种语言中都具有丰富的语用意义，但是它们的使用方式和表达含义有所不同。

在英语中，颜色词常常用于形容情感和心理状态，例如：
- Blue（蓝色）：表示沮丧、忧郁或悲伤的情绪，例如：feeling blue （感到沮丧）。

- Red（红色）：表示愤怒、热情或激动的情绪，例如：seeing red （勃然大怒）。

- Green（绿色）：表示嫉妒、羡慕或不成熟的情绪，例如：green with envy（嫉妒得发绿）。

- Yellow（黄色）：表示胆怯、懦弱或胆小的情绪，例如：yellow-bellied（胆小的）。

而在汉语中，颜色词则更多地用于形容事物的特征和属性，例如：
- 红色：表示喜庆、热烈或热情，例如：红色的旗帜（symbol of celebration）。

- 黄色：表示温暖、明亮或轻松，例如：黄色的阳光（warm and bright sunlight）。

- 蓝色：表示清新、冷静或深邃，例如：蓝色的天空（fresh and calm sky）。

- 绿色：表示生机、健康或环保，例如：绿色的植物（healthy and eco-friendly plants）。

除此之外，颜色词在不同的文化和语境中也可能具有不同的意义和象征意义。

例如，在西方文化中，白色通常表示纯洁和清新，而在中国文化中，白色则常常被视为丧葬和哀悼的象征。

总之，颜色词在英汉两种语言中都是非常重要的词汇，它们的语用意义和表达方式也都具有一定的差异。

因此，在进行跨文化交流和翻译时，我们需要注意这些差异，以避免产生误解和文化冲突。

从颜色词看中英文化差异摘要我们生活在五彩缤纷、五颜六色的世界中，颜色的多样性造成了与之相对应的颜色词的丰富多彩。

颜色词除了可以表示最基本的大自然绚丽色彩的意义以外，在某种程度上也体现了人类的一些价值观和审美观。

在这种情况下，颜色词已不单纯是表示客观颜色的指称意义了，而是被赋予了不同的象征意义，而不同文化背景的人们对颜色的感知和审美体验是同中有异，异中有同。

本文将选取几个典型的颜色词来分析颜色词在中英文化中所存在的共性和差异性，探讨形成这种差异性的各种原因，并浅略讲述其对跨文化沟通、交流的影响及解决办法。

关键词：颜色词联想意义文化差异跨文化交际Chinese and English Cultural Differences Reflected in the ColorTermsAbstractAs we live in a colorful world, the diversity of colors results in the diversity of the equivalent color terms. Apart from expressing the most basic colors in the nature, colors, to some extent, represent some values and aesthetics of the mankind. In this case, color terms no longer merely express the designative meaning of the objective colors. They are given different symbolic meanings. People with different cultural background have different perceptions and aesthetic experience about colors, in which similarities can be found.This paper will select a few typical color terms to analyze the similarities and differences of color terms in Chinese and English cultures, discuss various reasons for these similarities, and touches upon their influence on the cross-cultural communication and exchanges and the solutions.Key words:color terms, associative meaning, cultural differences, cross-cultural communication目录引言 (1)1、中英两种文化中的颜色词及在跨文化交际中的翻译误区 (1)1.1、中英两种文化中的颜色词 (1)1.2、跨文化交际中颜色词的翻译误区 (1)2、颜色词在中英文化中的不同内涵，其共性与差异性 (1)2.1、白色（white） (2)2.2、红色（red） (2)2.3、黄色(yellow） (3)3、颜色词在中英文化中形成差异性的原因 (3)3.1、文化差异的原因 (4)3.2、价值取向的原因 (4)3.3、思维方式的原因 (5)3.4、宗教方面的原因 (5)3.5、其它原因 (5)4、颜色词的差异性对跨文化交流的影响 (6)5、在跨文化交流中应如何正确理解和翻译颜色词 (6)5.1、直译法 (6)5.2、意译法 (6)5.3、更换颜色词的翻译法 (7)5.4、增加颜色词的翻译法 (7)6、结语 (7)7、参考文献 (8)从颜色词看中英文化差异引言色彩与人类的生活息息相关，是人类认识世界的一个重要领域。

Comparison and Translation of English andChinese Color WordAbstractThe tendency of worldwide economic globalization has been intensified, and people have close exchanges in almost every fields. The role of culture in the interaction between people from all nations is becoming extremely crucial. This paper discusses the translating and contrast of color words in China and the West, which mostly involves three sections, the definition and the differences of color words, the contrast with color words and methods used in translation in English and Chinese. Meanwhile, the first part contains three respects, namely, the definition, categories that consists of basic color words, color words with colors of objects and color words in shades, as well as the reasons for the discrepancies in color words, which includes the different ethnic beliefs lead to differences in color words, influence of different modes of thinking and representation on color words and influence of different political systems and social differences on color words. And the second part mainly covers six respects, namely, the various implication and usage of color words in these two languages, such as red, black, white, yellow, blue and green. Ultimately, the last part involves two respects, namely, literary translation and free translation that contains cultural equivalence and functional equivalence. By comparing and translating color words about these two kinds of languages, this essay, for one thing, will aim at making a profound analysis of the discrepancies about the utilization of color words about the two languages and the reasons for the discrepancies; for another, the writer expects to offer tiny advice and references on color words in the future.Key Words: Chinese and English color words, comparison, translation摘要随着世界经济全球化的发展，各国人民在政治、经济和文化之间的交往日益密切。

英汉颜色词的语用意义对比及其翻译颜色在不同的语言和文化中具有不同的语义和语用意义。

以下是英语和汉语中一些常见颜色词的语用意义对比及其翻译：1. Red (红色)- In English, red is often associated with strong emotions such as love, anger, or passion. It can also symbolize danger or warning.-在汉语中，红色通常与吉祥、喜庆和幸福相关联。

它也可以象征着热情和活力。

2. Blue (蓝色)- In English, blue is often associated with calmness, tranquility, and sadness. It can also symbolize trust and reliability.-在汉语中，蓝色通常与冷静、清凉和悲伤相关联。

它也可以象征着信任和可靠性。

3. Yellow (黄色)- In English, yellow is often associated with brightness, happiness, and energy. It can also symbolize caution or warning.-在汉语中，黄色通常与明亮、快乐和活力相关联。

它也可以象征着警示或提醒。

4. Green (绿色)- In English, green is often associated with nature, growth, and freshness. It can also symbolize envy or jealousy.-在汉语中，绿色通常与自然、成长和新鲜相关联。

它也可以象征着嫉妒或羡慕。

5. Black (黑色)- In English, black is often associated with darkness, sadness, formality, and elegance. It can also symbolize mystery or power.-在汉语中，黑色通常与黑暗、悲伤、庄重和优雅相关联。

英汉颜色词的语用意义对比及其翻译1. "Blue" - 蓝色- In English, "blue" can refer to feeling sad or down. For example, "I'm feeling blue today." (我今天感觉很沮丧。

) -在汉语中，没有直接用颜色词来表示情绪的惯用表达方式。

可以用其他词语表达，如："我今天心情不好。

"2. "Green" - 绿色-在汉语中，绿色可以表示环保或可持续发展。

例如："那家公司实施了几项环保倡议。

"3. "Red" - 红色- In English, "red" is often associated with anger or danger. For example, "He saw red when he found out what happened." (当他发现发生了什么事情时，他大发雷霆。

)-在汉语中，“红色”与愤怒或危险有关联。

例如："当他发现发生了什么事情时，他大发雷霆。

"4. "White" - 白色- In English, "white" can symbolize purity or innocence. For example, "The bride wore a beautiful white dress." (新娘穿着一件漂亮的白色婚纱。

-在汉语中，“白色”可以象征纯洁或无辜。

例如："新娘穿着一件漂亮的白色婚纱。

"5. "Black" - 黑色- In English, "black" can represent something negative or illegal. For example, "He's involved in some black market activities." (他涉及了一些黑市活动。

中国网络大学CHINESE NETWORK UNIVERSITY 毕业设计(论文)院系名称：百度网络学院专业：百度学生姓名：百度学号：0101指导老师：百度中国网络大学教务处制2019年05月16日The Contrast of Color Terms between English and ChineseIntroductionIn both Chinese and English. There are a great number of color terms expressing the colors in the world.Color terms are a part of language , and color terms’translation is important in today’s society. Lots of classic works are rich with color terms. Correct and accurate color terms’ translation helps to transmit the meaning of the source text..Language belongs to culture, Cultural backgrounds causes differences between English and Chinese . Color terms are endowed with various emotions between English and Chinese. It is necessary to learn the cultural connotation of color terms before learning the nation’s language. This thesis, firstly, give the definition of color terms. In this part, it is emphasized the classification and the function of color terms. From the part of classification , we will introduce it one by one. As the part of function, it’s mainly introduce three functions, namely, informative function, emotive function, and performative function. Secondly, it give the appropriate application in translating basic color terms, the appropriate application play an important roles in translation. We illustrate this point by the usages and cultural connotation of basic color terms. Thirdly, we introduce the translation techniques of color terms, we mainly introduce four kinds of translation techniques, they are creative translation, liberal translation, literal translation, and annotation.1. The Definition of Color TermsFrom “Oxford advanced Learner’s English and—Chinese Dictionary”, color is the appearance that things have that results from the way in which they reflect light. And all of those terms used to describe colors are called ‘color terms’. Both Englishand Chinese have abundant vocabulary of color words. The color terms play an important role in culture and communication. They have the special linguistic functions and cultural implications. They introduce the consciousness to the color in each nations and its traditional culture. The same color has different meanings in different contexts, which is decided by the cultural backgrounds.1.1 Classification of Color TermsIt’s mainly we have two kinds of color terms. Basic color terms mean “words used to describe the color of objects when they appear.”. Basic color terms originated from Anglo-Saxon including seven kinds of colors. In English , there are ‘red, orange , yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet”. However ,during these seven color words each has different symbolic meanings between the two countries, because different language might use different color terms to describe the same object or phenomenon. Now, I’d like to introduce them one by one.A Red Red is traditionally used by Chinese people to express happiness , luck and prosperousness as well as the English-speaking countries. So there are lots of similarities in using it. It usually appears in various festivals, for example , people decorate their houses with red lanterns and doublets. On wedding ceremony , people put up the red character “xi”, the bride is dressed in red , the bridegroom wears a red flower on his breast. The red flag means dignity. English people use a red carpet to welcome a VIP. A red carpet visitor[上宾]. The red-letter day means holidays such as Christmas and other special days. These days are printed in red on calendars, rather than in black for ordinary days, it often connects with success and importance. The phrase‘give somebody a red carpet of reception’means make a warm welcome to some important person. Red also means someone is healthy and sanguine both in China and the English-speaking countries. For example ‘a fine old gentlemen ,with a face as red as a rose.” These sentence means that the old gentlemen is very healthy and sanguine. Red is often used to show some emotions in English ,and also associated with anger and danger. For example, become red-faced, turn red and seered. Fire engine and alarm are printed as red to show danger in China. The expression “red bottle” means “song winery bottle”, and the expression “red vengeance” means rocking of bottle vengeance”. These expression can find the correct vocabulary both in English and in Chinese.B Black Black is not a good word both in Chinese and in English-speaking countries. In Chinese traditional culture , black symbolizes sorry and death. For example , in Chinese funeral, people usually wear a black armband to show their mourns to the death relative. Black ,on the one hand ,is used to describe evil and reactionary ,like “黑心肠”means somebody is very evil and “黑帮”is a group pf people who do things opposed to low. Black ,on the other hand, stand for solemnity. Chinese people usually wear black in some formals occasions. Black also stands for illegalness, for instance, “黑店” is the hotel which does illegal deals.In western countries, black is a tabooed color, which stands for darkness, it means hopelessness, sadness or melancholy. For instance “black future” means have no future. “black despair” means very great despair, “ a black day” means very angry, “a black mood” is in bad mood. Black means evil or wicked, for example , “ a black deed”means doing something against one’s conscience. Black also stands for solemnity and dignity; in this aspect, it is same as Chinese . “black suit”is the westerners’ favorite traditional dress. In solemn occasions ,the officials and celebrities would be pretty to dress in black.C White. When the color white is used express the meaning spotlessly. There are extremely similar point in English and in Chinese. There are phrases as “return me pure{ 还我清白} and “quite clear{清清白白} in Chinese. The white also symbolizes the pure things. For example, when getting married the bride always wears the long white skirt and veil, because it shows that bride is pure , and the wedding is scared. White in Chinese traditional culture is a basic taboo color. It means bereavement and stands for death and ill omen. People who lost relatives use white paper, wear white clothes and white caps , and the funeral is called “白事”. In Chinese feudal society, the common people were forbidden to dress in any other dress exceptwhite ,so they were called “白衣”, the person with no position are “白丁” or “白身” , their houses are “白屋”.White in western countries is an esteemed color. It stands for purify honesty uprightness, and luck. For example, at weeding, all the brides wear white. “a white day” means a lucky day, “a white girl” means an innocent girl. “white man” means trusty man. However, white also has derogatory meanings. For example, “show the white feather”, “white lipped”“a face white with fear”, “as white as a sheet” are all expressions of acting in a crowardly way. “W hite flag”symbolizes giving up on something.D Yellow In Chinese traditional culture, yellow is the symbol of old china 黄袍”is the emperor’s dress, “黄屋” is the prodamation published by him.. and “黄道吉日”means an auspicious day. However , yellow in modern China has derogatory meaning, such as “黄色书刊”“黄色录像”，here yellow has an extended meaning of obscenity and pornography.Yellow in the western countries mostly has negative meanings . here are some examples: “yellow alert” means alert in advance, “a yellow dog” means comtemptible person. “Y ellow looks”means suspicious looks . “yellow streak” means tending to be crowd and chicken-hearted. Yellow, in English speaking countries , also has some particular meanings which have no relationship with mood, for example, “ the yellow pages” is the telephone directory.E Green In the Chinese traditional culture. Green symbolizes everything that grows. In the feudal society , the dress of the government official on a lower level was regularized to be green, so it also symbolizes humble. “青山绿袍” is a symbol of low position, in the official career. And in Chinese if we say a man wears a green cap , it means that his wife isn’t loyal to him.Green in western countries usually stands for immaturity, inexperienced and easily being fooled. For instance, “a green hand” or “a green horn” refers to a simple and inexperienced and easily deceived person. Green is often used to describe extreme envy. “green-eyed”means jealous. Green is the symbol of flourishing, vigor. For example, “a green old age” is associated with an old but vigorous man or woman. “toremain green forever” means to keep fresh and vigorous forever.F Purple In Chinese culture, purple symbolizes nobility and dignity. It is more often adopted by the feudal emperors and the Taoism. The emperors’ palace is “紫禁城”{the forbidden city}, “紫气” , means auspicious air. The Taoism book are “紫书”，the place which the deity lives in is “紫台”. In modern China, we have“红得发紫”to describe popularity.In English, purple shares almost the same connotation as Chinese. In the eye of westerners purple is the symbol of emperor and power. “to be born in the purple”means to be born in a royal family. “ to be raided to the purple” means to be promoted to the position as a pope. “marry to the purple”means marry to a family of high social position. {陈亚平，Language Teaching and Linguistic status , 北京语言学院出版社} purple can be also used describe literature, such as “purple patches”means pompous passages.G Blue It seems that Chinese usually associate blue with sea and sky. It indicates peace and serenity, and can arouse us to yearn for a better future. For example, we often hear the political words “蓝图”which means the plan hope and has brought future.However , in the western countries, blue is often used to describe one’s emotions, it does not associate with happiness and imagination, but gloom and depression. Look at the following sentences: “ it was blue Monday” means it was boring Monday. “I am in a blue mood” means I am sad or gloomy. Blue also means indelicacy, obscenity, such as “blue film”“blue talk”. Blue is also often associated with high social status or being aristocratic. For example, “he is a real blue blood”means he is from an aristocratic family. In addition , in U.S., a book with the names of famous figures, especially top government officials, is called “blue book”.Object color terms mean “terms used to indicate colors which are the names of objects”.. Lots of these kinds of words exist in any kinds of languages, such as “ gold , silver, orange” in English, and “金黄色，米色，银色” in Chinese.1.2 Functions of Color termsCommonly, a color term has its own function. In source language, the author always uses the color terms to express the image of the text.1.2.1 Informative FunctionFor example, the color terms used in the following text form the landscape of an autumn evening.The ground was a carpet of deep reddish brown in the glow of an autumn evening sun, tempered by the trees. Yong birches sprang up, caught light on one side, and were sparkling green there; the shadowy sides of the stems were warm, deep black-green. Behind the spalings, behind the brownish red soil was a very delicate sky, bluish grey, warm , hardly blue ,all a glow. Against it were a hazy border of green and a net work of little stems and yellowish leaves. A few figures of wood gathers were wandering around like dark masses of mysterious shadows.”1.2.2 Emotive FunctionThe second function of color terms is emotive function. It is accepted that different colors give people different feelings. Experiences show that color terms are the best way to describe one’s emotion. An example is quoted below.“then the mourning clouds in the east turned deep red and sky above showed blue, the red clouds were pierced by golden rays, interweaving to spin a majestic, glittering web in the southeastern sky with the clouds as weft, the rays as warp. Fields, trees and wild grass changed their colors from dark green to bright emerald”.This paragraph was translated from the rickshaw boy written by Lao She. The color terms describe Xiang Zi’s feeling specifically after he had escaped from danger. Obviously, without color terms, the originally images can hardly be reproduced in the version.1.2.3Performative FunctionIt is first used in Linguistic Study written by Austin and Searle. Color terms in different languages have different social connotation. Two examples are given as fllows.The government has given the green light to Sunday treading.政府已经允许星期日贸易。

谈中英颜色词“黑色”的文化涵义及其翻译论文关键词:颜色词文化涵义直译意译论文摘要:颜色词在很大程度上反映了不同民族,不同时代人们的文化心理,审美情趣等等。

本文从文化角度对中英两种语言中的颜色词黑色”进行比较分析,从而了解其文化涵义,同时对其在英汉互译时的基本翻译方法进行了初步探讨。

1文化内涵的等同性黑色作为一种基本颜色词在英汉两种文化中除了它的本义相同在以下几个方面还表现出相同的文化内涵。

1)表示“坏的,肮脏的,邪恶的”黑色因其代表的颜色表示昏暗无光故常用于贬义,常与不好的事物联系在一起。

blacknews指坏消息,blackwater指“黑水”(肮脏或受污染的水)。

在著名的芭蕾舞剧《天鹅湖》中,黑天鹅是邪恶与阴险的象征。

2)表示“死亡,悲哀,不幸,愤怒”在英汉两种文化中,黑色常被视为“死亡之色”。

在英语国家中人们参加葬时一般都穿黑色衣服,在中国的葬礼上人们常常臂戴黑纱以示哀悼。

正是因为黑色常与死亡联系在一起,因此也与悲哀、不幸有了不可分割的联系。

“ablackday”指倒霉的一天“;ablackdog”指忧郁不开心的人;汉语中同样有“黑色心情”“,黑色七月”等。

此外,汉语中常用“黑着脸”来表示发怒,英语中也有类似用法如“beblackwithanger”。

3)表示“私下的,秘密的,非法的”黑色因其阴暗无光的意义故其比喻义常与非法等意义相关。

“blackmoney(黑钱)”指通过违法手段得到的不义之财,类似的还有“blackmarket(黑市)、blacklist(黑名单)black-hearted(黑心的,邪恶的)、blackdeeds(恶劣行径)。

汉语中同样有“黑户、黑钱、黑货、黑店”等等。

4)表示“庄重、正义”黑色除了表示消极意义也表示积极意义。

在我国古代,黑色是一种尊重和庄重的颜色,是夏朝和秦朝所崇尚的正色,缁衣(黑色帛做的衣服)则是卿士听朝的正服。

因黑色和铁的颜色相似,我国古人常将铁的坚硬特征与黑色联系起来,用黑色来象征“刚直、公正无私”,因此在中国戏曲脸谱艺术中,往往用黑色脸谱来象征历史人物的秉公执法,刚正不阿等高尚品质,最典型的代表是宋朝的包拯。

英汉颜色词的比较与翻译英汉颜色词的比较与翻译英汉颜色词的比较与翻译中文摘要在人类语言中,颜色词语表现出的独特魅力,令人刮目相看。

在英语和汉语两种语言中有关颜色的表达词语有很多,然而同一颜色在不同论文格式论文范文毕业论文英汉颜色词的比较与翻译中文摘要在人类语言中,颜色词语表现出的独特魅力,令人刮目相看。

在英语和汉语两种语言中有关颜色的表达词语有很多,然而同一颜色在不同语言中的含义有相同,也有不同,其相异之处主要是由文化因素决定的。

因此,在英汉互译时,我们要尽量避免直接根据字面意思去翻译,而要从与其相关的背景知识去理解更深一层的含义。

我们要善于比较英汉常用的颜色词的词义与其内涵,力求在翻译过程中少犯错误,尽可能地减少误译。

旨在对英汉常用颜色词的意义进行比较,进一步找出其相同点与不同点;而在进行颜色词的翻译时必须考虑文化因素,以达到交际目的。

关键词:英语;汉语;颜色词;翻译;文化因素 Abstrat In the human language, the unique harm hih the olor ords expressions and displas, makes the one hold in high esteem. The same olor has different meanings in different ontexts, hih is deided b the ultural element. Therefore, in the proess of translating Chinese into English or English into Chinese, e should take the ontext into onsideration rather than translate it literall so that e ould make less mistakes. We should pare the ord meaning andonnotation of olor ords in both English and Chinese languages, make ever effort to avoid the mistake in the translation proess and redue mistranslating. The paper tries to pare some olor ords in their usage, and further to explore thedifferene and similarit beteen English and Chinese. While translating olor ords, e must onsider the ultural element so that e ould ahieve the goal of muniation. Ke ords:English;Chinese;olor terms; translation; ulture fator 引言色彩与人类的生活息息相关,是人类认识世界的一个重要领域。

中英颜色词语对比和翻译论文摘要：在人类发展的历史长河中，颜色是一种伴随人类成长发展的一种特殊事物。

当然，人类发明的词语用形容颜色的，也是各式各样，形容颜色的词语其魅力之大，深深的影响着一代又一代的人们为之向往，追逐。

但是今天笔者需要说明的是，在英语和汉语，这两种不同语系中对于颜色的形容词描绘都各有千秋，但是在同一种颜色在不同的文化背景熏陶下，所表达出的含义是不相同的。

因此在针对英汉翻译工作的时候，我们需要克服只从表面去翻译的不足，翻译要做得出色做得准确，必须要深入到其蕴含的文化背景中去，要深刻的领悟其迷人魅力的文化之魂。

我们也需要尽量的少犯一些低级错误，熟悉汉语和英语中在描述不同颜色的词语区别，做到用词精确、精炼，只要这样才能更好诠释作品的内涵和基调。

关键词：英语；汉语；颜色词；文化；翻译一、英汉颜色词差异对比人是依靠眼睛和心灵和感知感受世界的奇妙，色彩在人类的发展长河中扮演着举足轻重的角色，是我们人类感知世界变化多段的媒介和引入口。

色彩，首先从视觉上对人类的眼睛形成强有力的冲击，使人的大脑中迅速对眼前的事物留有印象。

色彩还有着什么丰富的文化和历史积淀的内涵，因而是我们汉语言翻译中的重要一环。

在汉语和英语中，对于色彩的描述多衍生的词语是不同的，主要是根植于两种语系源于不同的文化历史底蕴。

在描述上既有共性也保持着两种语系的差异性和独特性，因此在翻译中，我们一定要明确这一层内涵，在将词语进行翻译表达时要明确其内涵和实意，在翻译出来的成品中要结合当地人们可接受的尺度进行展示。

本文笔者，针对英语和汉语中颜色词语的对比，分析其差异性，从而找到其异同点，在准确理解把握的前统下，对其进行统一的翻译表述。

例如：Mr. Brown is a very white man .He is looking rather green the other day. He has been feeling blue lately. When I saw him，he was in a brown study.I hope he’ll be in the pink again.表示顺利和成功时用：红榜（honor board）、开门红（get off to a good start）、满堂红（success in every field）、红歌星（a popular singer）等等。