2006年西南财经大学考博英语真题及详解
Part I Vocabulary(15points,0.5point each)
Directions:There are30incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the ONE answer that best completes the
sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single pencil
line through the center.
1.“Have you any______plans for your future now that you’ve completed your graduate studies?”
A.decisive
B.exact
C.precise
D.definite
【答案】D
【解析】句意：既然已经完成了你的本科学习，你对自己的将来有没有确切的计划？
definite明确的，确切的。decisive决定性的。exact精确的，精密的。precise精确的，准确的。
2.By moving the radar beam around slowly in circles,we can______the surroundings.
A.explore
B.expose
C.exploit
D.expand
【答案】A
【解析】句意：通过圆周缓慢移动雷达束，我们能够探测周围的环境。explore探测，探究。expose揭露，暴露。exploit开采，剥削。expand使膨胀，扩张。
3.I am confident that I’ll prove to be a tremendous______to your company.
A.possession
B.asset
C.property
D.assumption
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我很有信心会成为贵公司的骨干。asset有价值或有用的人。possession
所有物，财产。property财产，所有物。assumption假定，设想。
4.Anyone caught______an offense will be punished.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7d7977463.html,mitting
B.conducting
C.executing
D.performing
【答案】A
【解析】句意：任何人一旦被发现在实施进攻，都将受到惩罚。commit犯，做违法的事情。conduct引导，管理。execute实行，执行。perform履行，执行。
5.Protesters claim that there is a link between the chemical plant and the increased______of cancer in the community.
A.emergence
B.reoccurrence
C.incidence
D.wave
【答案】C
【解析】句意：抗议者说这家化工厂与该社区癌症发病率的增长有关。incidence发病率，发生率。emergence出现，显现。reoccurrence重新出现，重新发生。wave突然的（通常指短暂的）增加或传播。
6.In a job interview,remember the old saying:______is the best policy.
A.wisdom
B.hard-working
C.honesty
D.intelligence
【答案】C
【解析】句意：工作面试时要谨记这样一句名言：诚实是最好的策略。
7.A friendship may be______causal,situational or deep and lasting.
A.superficial
B.original
C.identical
【答案】A
【解析】句意：友谊可能是表面的，有原因的，有条件的，也可能是深厚持久的。superficial 表面的，肤浅的。
8.Our postgraduate students are fully integrated into the departmental research______and,in addition,participate in the Postgraduate Education Program.
A.cooperation
B.endeavor
C.administration
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7d7977463.html,work
【答案】D
【解析】departmental research network部门研究体系。
9.Examinations are not the only means of______a student’s ability.
A.assuming
B.assessing
C.asserting
D.assigning
【答案】B
【解析】句意：考试不是衡量学生能力的惟一手段。assess估定，评定。assume假定，设想。assert断言，声称。assign分配，指派。
10.What the writer is______during the choice of words is an emotional weight.
A.for
B.at
C.after
D.before
【答案】C
【解析】句意：作者在用词选择上追求的是情感分量。after追求，寻求。
1l.A good dictionary requires tremendous work of the______,who will devote maybe more than ten years to working on it.
A.constructors
C.instructors
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7d7977463.html,posers
【答案】B
【解析】句意：一本好的字典要求编纂者的大量工作…。compiler编纂者，汇编者。
constructor构造器。instructor教师，讲师。composer作曲家。
12.The miserable memory of fire accident______him frequently,which almost drives him crazy.
A.lingers
B.retains
C.haunts
D.undertakes
【答案】C
【解析】句意：那场火灾事故的痛苦回忆常常浮现在他脑际，这几乎使他疯狂了。haunt 经常浮现于某人脑际。linger逗留，徘徊。retain保留，保持。undertake承担，担任。
13.The child was surprised to find that slaves in the past were______any right by their masters.
A.deprived of
B.awarded
C.entitled to
D.granted
【答案】A
【解析】be deprived of被剥夺…权利。award授予。entitle to授予…权利或资格。grant 同意，准予。
14.Japan’s productivity has overtaken America’s in some manufacturing industries,but
elsewhere the United States had______its lead.
A taken up
B.brought back
C.rested on
D.clung to
【答案】D
【解析】句意：…在其他方面，美国仍保持着其领先地位。cling to拒绝放弃，紧紧抓住。
take up占据（时间空间等）。bring back带回，恢复。rest on依靠，依赖。
15.Mankind will have to______the sunlight as a kind of new source of energy.
A.present
B.convey
C.contact
D.harness
【答案】D
【解析】harness控制及利用（自然界的力量）以产生电能等。present介绍，引见。convey 转让，传达。contact接触，联系。
16.For convenience’s sake,most couples in America have a______bank account instead of
separate accounts.
A.twin
B.handy
C.dual
D.joint
【答案】D
【解析】joint bank account联合银行存款账户。
17.It was a shrewd move______to buy the house just before property prices started to rise.
A.on her part
B.at hand
C.at her expense
D.on record
【答案】A
【解析】句意：在房价上涨前她做出买房的决定可真是项精明的举动。on one’s part由某人做出。at hand在手边，在附近。at her expense由某人付费，针对某人。on record 正式记录的，公开发表的。
18.The______of women to men at my college is about two to one.
A.rate
B.proportion
C.portion
【答案】B
【解析】proportion比例，一物与他物在数量、大小等方面的关系。rate比率，价值量度。
portion一部分。percentage百分比，百分率。
19.It is a______of our company to give refunds if goods are faulty.
A.policy
B.discipline
C.decision
D.determination
【答案】A
【解析】句意：产品有问题公司将会退款，是我们公司的一项政策。policy政策，方针。
discipline处罚，处分，训练。decision决定，决心。determination决心，果断。
20.The keys have to be turned in a particular______to open the safe.
A.succession
B.chain
C.sequence
D.series
【答案】C
【解析】句意：开启保险柜时钥匙需要按特定的顺序旋转。sequence次序，顺序。
21.The local public security bureau will tell you what the______is for getting a passport.
A.procedure
B.program
C.project
D.process
【答案】A
【解析】句意：地方公共安全局将会告诉你办理签证的程序。procedure办理程序（尤指法律政治等事务），手续。process过程，步骤。
22.We think it is wrong to single out any______of society for Aids testing.
A spectrum
Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions:There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage: When Kathie Gifford ’s face was splashed across the newspapers in 1996 after her lucrative line of Wal mart clothing was exposed as the work of underpaid laborers in New York City ’s Chinatown, the Department of Labor and the White House teamed up to condemn such practices. With much fanfare, President Clinton’s administration launched the “No Sweat” campaign, which pressured retailers and manufacturers to submit to periodic independent inspection of their workplace conditions.; This campaign urged manufacturers to sign the Workplace Code of Conduct, a promise to self regulate that has since been adopted by a handful of retailers and many of the nation ’s largest manufacturers, including Nike and L.L. Bean. However, the Department of Defense, which has a $ 1 billion garment business that would make it the country’s 14th largest retail apparel outlet, has not signed the Code of Conduct. In addition, it has not agreed to demand that its contractors submit to periodic inspections.; Because the Department of Defense has not agreed to adhere to the code, the job of stopping public sector sweatshops falls to the Department of Labor. Federal contractors that persist in violating wage laws or safety and health codes can lose their lucrative taxpayer financed contracts. But Suzanne Seiden, a deputy administrator at the Department of Labor, says that to her knowledge, the department has never applied that rule to government apparel manufacturers. “I just assume that they are adhering to safety and health requirements,” she says. According to records obtained by Mother Jones, through a Freedom of Information Act request, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration has cited Lion 32 times for safety and health violations in the past 12 years. 21.What is this passgage mainly concerned with? A)The functions of the Department of Labor in America. B)A serious problem threatening American economy. C)The successful attempt of regulating sweatshops in America. D)The seriousness of the problem of sweatshops in America. 22.According to the passage, Kathie Gifford ____. A) was one of the underpaid laborers in New York City’s Chinatown B) was one of the well paid laborers in New York City ’s Chinatown C) made much money from cheap laborers in New York City’s Chinatown D) wrote a newspaper article exposing the practice of employing cheap laborers 23.The underlined p hrase “to submit to” is closest in meaning to ____. A) to accept unwillingly B) to refuse coldly C) to welcome warm heartedly D) to blame strongly 24.Which of the following statements about the Department of Defense is true? A) It will become the count ry’s 14th largest retail apparel manufacturer. B) It hasn’t acted according to the Workplace Code of Conduct. C) It has demanded its contractors to sign the Workplace Code of Conduct. D) It has teamed up with the Department of Labor to launch a campaign. 25.What was the purpose of President Clinton’s administration launching the “No Sweat” campaign? A) To urge manufacturers to obey the Workplace Code of Conduct. B) To remind the manufacturers of the Workplace Code of Conduct. C) To urge the Department of Labor to take its responsibility. D) To urge the Department of Defense to inspect manufacturers. Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage: The term investment portfolio conjures up visions of the truly rich-the Rockefellers, the Wal Mart Waltons, Bill Gates. But today, everyone-from the Philadelphia firefighter, his part time receptionist wife and their three children, to the single Los Angeles lawyer starting out on his own-needs a portfolio.; A portfolio is simply a collection of financial assets. It may include real estate, rare stamps and coins, precious metals and even artworks. But those are for people with expertise. What most of us need to know about are stocks, bonds and cash (including such cash equivalents as money market funds).; How do you decide what part of your portfolio should go to each of the big three? Begin by understanding that stocks pay higher returns but are more risky; bonds and cash pay lower returns but are less risky.; Research by Ibbotson Associates, for example, shows that large company stocks, on average, have returned 11.2 percent annually since 1926. Over the same period, by comparison, bonds have returned an annual average of 5.3 percent and cash, 3.8 percent.; But short term risk is another matter. In 1974, a one year $1000 investment in the stock market would have declined to $735.; With bonds, there are two kinds of risk: that the borrower won’t pay you back and that the money you’ll get won’t be worth very much. The U.S. government stands behi nd treasury bonds, so the credit risk is almost nil. But the inflation risk remains. Say you buy a $1000 bond maturing in ten years. If inflation averages about seven percent over that time, then the $1000 you receive at maturity can only buy $500 worth of today’s goods.; With cash, the inflation risk is lower, since over a long period you can keep rolling over your CDs every year (or more often). If inflation rises, interest rates rise to compensate.; As a result, the single most imortant rule in building a portfolio is this: If you don’t need
兰州大学考博英语真题及其精解 1.This rock has to be_______in order to build a road. A.blasted B.explored C.hired D.maintained 2.He did not go to the party last night,which_______her feelings deeply. A.wounded B.injured C.hurt D.injury 3.When they returned to the river,they found that the boat had _______away. A.framed B.frosted C.frowned D.floated 4.If you need further information,please_______our office. A.constant B.construct C.contact D.contain 5.During the war,many soldiers were killed not by_______,but by disease. A.bulledts B.devil C.bible D.depth 6.We watched the ship until it became only a_______in the distance. A.point B.jar C.stove D.dot 7.The English proverb‘_______the rod and spoil the child’means that if you deep from punishing the child,you will spoil its character.Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi. A.rule B.rug C.clap D.spare
2015西南财经大学考博英语真题阅读理解精练Less than a year ago，a new generation of diet pills seemed to offer the long-sought answer to our chronic weight problems.Hundreds of thousands of pound-conscious Americans had discovered that a drug combination known as“fen-phen”could shut off voracious appetites like magic，and the FDA had just approved a new drug，Redux，that did the same with fewer side effects.Redux would attract hundreds of thousands of new pill poppers within a few months. But now the diet-drug revolution is facing a backlash.Some of the nation“s largest HMOs，including Aetna U.S.Healthcare and Prudential Healthcare have begun cutting back or eliminating reimbursement(退款补偿、报销)for both pills.Diet chains like Jenny Craig and Nutri/System are backing away from them too.Several states，meanwhile，have restricted the use of https://www.doczj.com/doc/7d7977463.html,st week the Florida legislature banned new prescriptions entirely and called on doctors to wean(使断绝)current patients from the drug within30days;it also put a90-day limit on Redux prescriptions.Even New Jersey doctor Sheldon Levine，who touted Redux last year on TV and in his book The Redux Revolution，has stopped giving it to all but his most obese patients. The reason for all the retrenchment(紧缩、删节)：potentially lethal side effect s.Over the summer，the FDA revealed that82 patients had developed defects in t heir heart values while on fen-phen，and that seven patients had come down with the same
经济学全（共67题）经济学：（2003） 简答题： 1.需求弹性的种类与特征 2.从理论上阐述菲利普曲线的形状 3.劳动供给曲线向后弯曲的原因 4.交易费用假说关于企业成因的解释 论述题： 1.从收益成本角度分析厂商盈亏平衡点与停止生产点的决定 2.哈罗德多马模型的基础、内容、主要贡献以及不足 3.公平与效率之间的关系以及如何看待我国的实际情况 经济学：（2004） 简答题： 1.影响长期成本曲线的因素 理论 3.理性预期学派的理论价值 4.评论博弈论中的合作博弈和非合作博弈 论述题： 1.外部性的产生与对策 种消费理论的述评 3.用新贸易理论解释产业内贸易问题 经济学：（2005） 简答题： 1.用拐折的需求曲线分析价格刚性 2.举例说明公共物品的特征 3.什么是企业的收支相抵点和停止营业点 4.成本推动型通货膨胀与需求拉动型通货膨胀有何区别 论述题： 1.论述AS-AD模型的内容及其政策含义
2.完全垄断、完全竞争与垄断竞争市场的长期均衡有哪些异同点，为什么说完全竞争市场能实现资源的有效配置，而完全垄断造成资源的损失 3.论述新制度经济学的贡献及其对当代中国的政策含义 2006年 简答 1.试述马克思失业理论的主要内容 2.作图说明垄断企业的产品价格和产量决定 3.实际利率变动如何影响消费者决策 4.外部性为什么会导致竞争市场上的资源配置效率偏离帕累托最优状态 论述 1.试用AD-AS分析说明人民币升值对我国宏观经济影响 2.厂商最佳要素组合及其条件 3.论马歇尔新古典经济学主要内容 2007年 简答： 1．按照凯恩斯主义的观点，经济能否自动实现均衡请说出理由。 2．简述国际收支的吸收分析法。 3．图形分析垄断造成的效率损失。 4．图形分析商品价格变化的收入效应和替代效应。 论述： 1．图形说明财政政策“挤出效应”，并分析其政策含义。 2．有哪些原因导致市场在实现帕累托最优上的缺陷。 3．论述制度与经济增长的关系。 经济学：2008年考博试题： 一、简答题 1．序数效用论和基数效用论的区别； 2．最佳排污点，用图形说明； 3．流动性陷阱及其理论意义； 4．经济剩余包括哪些内容； 5．简述替代效应和收入效应。
兰州大学 2003 年招收攻读博士学位研究生 英语考试试题 Section Ⅰ(20%) 1.To control intelligence in the attempt to insure only benevolent consequences would sentence the human race to ignorance, stagnation and decadence, and probably would be impossible. A. deception B. decline C. revelation D. disclosure 2. During the 1800s and early 1900s the academic disciplines such as chemistry and physics made great headway. A. sacrifice B. progress C. forefront D. preconceptions 3. The purpose of the law is to prevent discrimination on the grounds of. Sex A. nationality B. race C. gender D. profession 4. The governor`s helicopter hovered over the field for a long time before landing. A. stayed B. adjusted C. confronted D. subdued 5.The noise was so faint that it was impossible to be sure what it was or even where it came from. A. loud B. frightening C. general D. indistinct 6.An understanding of the quantum theory is vital in the study of solid-state physics. A. helpful B. alive C. acquired D. essential
江南大学食品化学考博历年题收集资料收集食品化学 2004前有1套 2004年 春季博士学位研究生入学考试题(有) 秋季博士学位研究生入学考试题(有) 2005年 春季博士学位研究生入学考试题(有) 秋季博士学位研究生入学考试题(有) 2006年 春季博士学位研究生入学考试题(有) 秋季博士学位研究生入学考试题(有) 2007年 春季博士学位研究生入学考试题秋季博士学位研究生入学考试题(有) 2008年春季博士学位研究生入学考试题(有) 秋季博士学位研究生入学考试题(有) 2009年 春季博士学位研究生入学考试题(停) 秋季博士学位研究生入学考试题 2010年春季博士学位研究生入学考试题(停) 秋季博士学位研究生入学考试题(要 考;2010,3,21) 2004年前春季考博入学考试 1 如何采用食品化学原理解决一个食品加工和储藏中的实际问题。 2 蛋白质的水合作用取决于哪些因素。 3 举出一个食品中重要的含硫糖苷的例子，它具有什么重要的意义。 4 写出一种还原性的二糖和一种非还原性二糖的结构。 5 简述食品化学的定义。 6 简述疏水相互作用。
7 用乳糖酶水解牛乳中的乳糖，如果酶制剂中含有蛋白酶活力，那么肉眼可以观察到被处理的牛乳法生了什么变化，为什么, 8 测定米氏常数方程中的米氏常数有什么实际意义。 9 用反应式表示过氧化物酶催化的反应，并用化学结构式表示两种底物(各举 一例) 10 写出5个影响食品脂类氧化的因素。 11 为什么在面包改良剂中加入大豆粉(含脂类氧化酶) 12写出果胶物质的结构。 13 在矿物质强化方面哪一种元素受到关注，目前普遍使用的是哪一种化合物 以达到强化此元素的目的，还存在哪些问题, 14 在叶绿素酶作用下叶绿素发生什么变化,然而导致植物丧失绿色的原因肯可能是其它的因素，请简述。 15 动物被宰后，体内ATP转化成呈味核苷酸，请描述这个过程(不必写出每种物质的结构式) 16 写出5种食品防腐剂的结构。 17 小麦面粉中最重要的蛋白质是哪四类，哪两类蛋白质的变化影响面筋的结 构和性质。 18 写出甲基纤维素、羧丙基纤维素和羧甲基纤维素的结构(一个构成单元) 19 写出3种抗抗氧化剂(针对脂类氧化)的结构和两种助氧化剂的名称。 20 写出分子流动性(Nm)决定的5种食品性质。 2004年春季博士学位研究生入学考试题 考试科目:食品化学(共1页) 注意事项:共20题，每题5分。答题务必简明扼要，并注意书写整洁。 1 写 出纤维素(MC)、羟丙基纤维素(HPMC)和羧甲基纤维素分子片段的结构式。 2 写出β,环糊精的结构式，并简述它在食品中的应用。 3 指出5种有分子流动性(Mm)决定的食品性质。 4 写出食品水分活度的定义，并描述一种测定小试样水分活度的方法。 5 写 出四种影响商品脂肪稠度的因素。
2015西南财经大学考博英语历年真题 一、招考介绍 从整体上看，由于博士生招生形势的不断发展各院校博士生入学考试的难度越来越大，对考生的外语水平要求也越来越高，特别是听、说能力。攻读博士学位的学生，一方面应该具备坚实的专业理论基础和扎实的科研能力，另一方面还应该具备较高水平的外语能力。 二、西南财经大学考博英语题型 Part1:词汇,30题15分 Part2:阅读理解,四篇20题40分 Part3:短文翻译,英译汉15分汉译英15分 Part4:作文,15分 三、考博英语必备参考书 育明考博教研部主编,河北大学出版社出版的《考博英语真题解析》和《考博词汇》是考博人必备的两本书。在当当网，亚马逊和全国各大书店均有销售，也可以联系我们直接购买。 四、联系导师 在初步定好考博学校之后，就要和所报考院校中意的老师取得联系，询问是否有招生名额，能否报考，这是我们考博成功的关键第一步。 大多数考生会在九月中下旬与导师取得联系。因为太早，学校里面直博名额什么的还没有确定，报考的导师也不清楚是否有名额；太晚的话，怕别的学生比你早联系就不好了。一般情况下，导师对一个学生很中意的话，后来联系的学生，导师一般也不会答应其报考了。在此说点题外话，联系导师的过程中，如果读研期间的导师有关系，可以尽量利用。如果没有，也没关系，凭着自己的本事也是可以和考博导师很好的沟通的，这就要看自己了。 通常跟导师初次联系，都是发邮件。导师回复邮件的情况一般有几种： （1）、欢迎报考。这种答复最笼统，说明不了问题。我们可以接着努力和老师多沟通，看看具体的进展，避免出现初试之后却没有名额的情况。 （2）、名额有限，可以报考，但有竞争。很多人说这样的回复不满意，认为希望很小一般会被刷。其实这样还是比较好的一种回答，最起码导师没有骗你而且给你机会去证明自己，考的好就可以上。
1. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the best teachers. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 你是否同意或不同意以下声明？家长是最好的老师。使用具体原因和例子来支持你的答案。 Obviously, the earliest teachers we have in our lives in most cases are our parents, and they are generally the most involved in the development and education of their children. Yet neither are all parents good teachers nor are those good parents the best teachers. 显然，我们最早的老师，在大多数情况下，我们的生活是我们的父母，他们是最普遍的发展和子女教育工作。然而，也不是所有家长好老师，也不是那些好父母最好的老师。 First of all, not all parents are good teachers. As normal individuals, some parents more or less have bad habits. Even though parents almost instinctively devote themselves to cultivating their offspring, the outcome might turn out to be disappointment, for all children tend to unconsciously or subconsciously copy every thing from their parents. Another deficiency of parents as teachers is the fact that most parents are lack of common senses of education. All too often we observe some parents tend to pursue their cherished but failed dream by forcing their children to develop in a prearranged direction. Ironically, if their children did not follow the instructions, the children would be regarded as disobedient or allegedly rebellious. In fact, it is parents rather than their children that virtually disobey common senses. 首先，并非所有家长都好老师。作为正常人，一些家长或多或少有坏习惯。尽管父母几乎本能地致力于培养他们的后代，其结果可能会变成失望而归，往往所有儿童都能自觉或不自觉从他们的父母复制每一件事。另一个家长缺乏的是，大部分家长对教育的共同感觉，缺乏教师。我们常常看到一些父母往往追求，迫使其子女在预先安排的发展方向，他们所珍惜的，但未能梦想。具有讽刺意味的，如果子女没有遵循指示，孩子就被视为不听话或据称反叛。事实上，这是家长，而不是他们的孩子， Moreover, some parents are qualified as good teachers, but not all of them are the best ones. When children are in the preliminary school, it is not surprising that parents are capable of teaching their children almost every subject even better than professional teachers in the school. But the situation will not last long. We live in a world where knowledge is accumulated by multiplying and at the same time becomes more and more specialized. Therefore, to be a professional in a certain field today takes much longer time than ever before. No parent is able to be professional in all fields, though they might be experts in one or more fields. Wise parents often release rather than charge their children as early as possible. They are aware of the possibility outside the family. 此外，一些家长有资格好老师，但不是所有这些都是最好的。当他们在初步学校的，这并不奇怪，父母是孩子的教学，几乎每一个问题甚至比在学校专业教师做得更好。但情况不会持续太久。我们在那里知识的增多，同时积累了生活的世界变得越来越专业化。因此，是在某一领域的专业今日需时较长的时间比以往任何时候。家长们能在所有领域的专业，虽然他们可能在一个或多个领域的专家。明智的家长往往释放，而不是他们的孩子负责尽早。他们都明白了家庭以外的可能性。 Parents may, nevertheless, help their children much more than do good teachers. Most parts of children education are virtually beyond teachers' reaches. It is parents that supplement. Psychology studies have shown us that parents' love sometimes has astonishingly magic power to their children. Albert Einstein's mother and Forest Gump's mother are both good examples. On the other hand, parents might do their children harm more than do bad teachers as well. The natures of those children whose parents have divorced are often severely distorted. In a word, it is rather superficial to simply say that parents are the best teachers. 家长仍可以帮助他们的孩子更比好老师。大部分地区的儿童教育几乎超出教师达到。这是家长的补充。心理学研究告诉我们，父母的爱，有时有惊人的神奇力量给子女。爱因斯坦的母亲和阿甘正传的母亲都是很好的例子。另一方面，家长可以做他们的孩子受到伤害比也差的教师。那些其父母已离婚儿童的性质往往严重扭曲。总之，这是十分肤浅的简单地说，家长是最好的老师。 [404 words] 2. It has been said, "Not everything that is learned is contained in books." Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why? 有人说，“并不是所有的教训是在书本中。”比较和对比中取得的经验与知识，从书本上获得的经验。在您看来，这是更重要的来源？为什么？ Both experiences and books are very essential resources, and both of them have relevant merits. 双方的经验和书籍是非常重要的资源，他们都有相关的优点。
暨南大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析SectionⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points) One of the basic characteristics of capitalism is the private ownership of the major means of production capital.The ownership of large amounts of capital can bring1profits,as well as economic and political power.Some recent theorists,2,have argued that our society has moved to a new stage of3that they call“post Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi industrial” society.One important change in such a society is that the ownership of4amounts of capital is no longer the only or even the most important 5of profits and influence;knowledge as well as6capital brings profits and influence. There are many7with the thesis above,not the least of8is that wealthy capitalists can buy the experts and knowledge they needed to keep their profits and influence.But this does not9the importance of knowledge in an advanced industrial society,as the10of some new industrial indicates.11,genetic engineering and the new computer technology have12many new firms and made some scientists quite rich. In13with criticism of the post industrial society thesis,however,
武汉大学 2017年攻读博士学位研究生外语综合水平考试试题 （满分值100分） 科目名称：英语科目代码：1101 注意：所有的答题内容必须写在答案纸上，凡写在试题或草稿纸上的一律无效。 Part I Reading Comprehension (2’×20 = 40 points) Directions:In this part of the test, there will be 5 passages for you to read. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements, and each question or unfinished statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are to decide on the best choice by blackening the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage One Mr Gordon is right that the second industrial revolution involved never-to-be-repeated changes. But that does not mean that driverless cars count for nothing. Messrs Erixon and Weigel are also right to worry about the West’s dismal recent record in producing new companies. But many old firms are not run by bureaucrats and have reinvented themselves many times over: General Electric must be on at least its ninth life. And the impact of giant new firms born in the past 20 years such as Uber, Google and Facebook should not be underestimated: they have all the Schumpeterian characteristics the authors admire. On the pessimists’ side the strongest argument relies not on closely watching corporate and investor behavior but rather on macro-level statistics on productivity. The figures from recent years are truly dismal. Karim Foda, of the Brookings Institution, calculates that labor productivity in the rich world is growing at its slowest rate since 1950. Total factor productivity (which tries to measure innovation) has grown at just 0.1% in advanced economies since 2004, well below its historical average. Optimists have two retorts. The first is that there must be something wrong with the figures. One possibility is that they fail to count the huge consumer surplus given away free of charge on the internet. But this is unconvincing. The official figures may well be understating the impact of the internet revolution, just as they downplayed the impact of electricity and cars in the past, but they are not understating it enough to explain the recent decline in productivity growth. Another, second line of argument that the productivity revolution has only just begun is more persuasive. Over the past decade many IT companies may have focused on things that were more “fun than fundamental” in Paul Krugman’s phrase.But Silicon Valley’s best companies are certainly focusing on things that change the material world.