London is situated in southeastern England along the Thames River.situated adj.人处于某种境况的London (England), city, capital of the United Kingdom. London is situated in southeastern England along the Thames River. With a population of about 7 million, this vast巨大的 metropolis可能是非首都的主要城市 is by far the largest city in Europe, a distinction it has maintained since the 17th century.Oxford University is the oldest university in Britain and one of the world's most famous institutions of higher learning. Oxford University was established during the 1100's. It is located in Oxford, England, about 80 kilometers northwest of London.The university has over 16,300 students (1999-2000), almost a quarter of these students are from overseas and more than 130 nationalities are represented（表现出来的）. It consists of 35 colleges, plus five private halls established by various religious groups. Three of the five private halls are for men only. Of the colleges, St. Hilda's and Somerville are for women, and the rest are for men and women.At Oxford, each college is a corporate（合为一体的） body distinct from the university and is governed by its own head and fellows. Most fellows are college instructors called tutors, and the rest are university professors and lecturers 讲师. Each college manages its own buildings and property（财务财产所有物, elects its own fellows, and selects and admits its own undergraduate students. The university provides some libraries, laboratories, and other facilities设备工具设施, but the colleges take primary首要的主要的基本的 responsibility for the teaching and well-being身心健康 of their students.Each student at Oxford is assigned to a tutor, who supervises the student's program of study, primarily through tutorials. Tutorials are weekly meetings of one or two students with their tutor. Students may see other tutors for specialized instruction. They may also attend lectures given by university teachers. Students choose which lectures to attend on the basis of their own special interests and on the adviceof their tutors.The university, not the individual colleges, grants degrees. The first degree in the arts or sciences is the Bachelor of Arts with honors. Oxford also grants higher degrees, diplomas, and certificates in a wide variety of subjects.The Rhodes scholarship program enables students from the United States, Canada, and many other nations to study at Oxford for a minimum of two years. The British government grants Marshall scholarships to citizens of the United States for study at Oxford and other universities that are located in Britain.The competition for scholarships and grants is, however, extremely strong and there are usually strict requirements. Students should check carefully that they are eligible有资格当选的，有条件被选中的 to apply for a particular scholarship before making an application as most of the schemes are restricted to certain nationalities and/or programs.The students and staff at Oxford are actively involved in over 55 initiatives (2001), including visits to more than 3,700 schools and colleges, to encourage the brightest and best students to apply to Oxford, whatever their background.The university has been named the UK's most innovative革新的，具有改革精神的university in the Launchit 2001 competition, which aimed to discover which British university has demonstrated the greatest achievements in innovation and enterprise across the broadest range of activity. In the national Teaching Quality Assessment exercises for 2000, Oxford was awarded top marks in six out of ten subjects assessed.Oxford, Stanford and Yale Universities have recently become partners in a joint 'distance learning' venture, the Alliance for Lifelong Learning, which will provide online courses in the arts and sciences.The mission of Oxford is to aim at achieving and maintaining excellence in every area of its teaching and research, maintaining and developing its historical position as a world-class university, and enriching the international, national, and regional communities through the fruits of its research and the skills of its graduates.In support of this aim the university will provide the facilities and support for its staff to pursue innovative research by responding to developments in the intellectual environment and society at large; and promote challenging and rigorous teaching which benefits from a fruitful interaction with the research environment, facilitating the exchange of ideas through tutorials and small-group learning and exploiting the University's resources in its libraries, museums, and scientific collections, to equip its graduates to play their part at a national and international level.awardv.give, especially as the result of an official decision 授予challengingadj.needing the full use of one’s abilities and effort 富有挑战性的competitionn.竞争；竞赛△corporateadj.forming a single body 合为一体的△diploman.毕业文凭distinctadj.clearly different or separate 不同的 electv.choose (someone) for an official position by voting 选举△eligibleadj.fulfilling the necessary conditions 具备必要条件的，合格的enterprisen.willingness to take risks and do things that are difficult, new, or daring 进取精神equipv.make able, fit, or prepared 使具备△exchangen.giving and receiving in return (something of the same type or equal value) 交换exploitv.use for advantage 利用extremelyad.to an extreme extent 非常地△facilitatev.help; make easy or easier 有助于；使容易facilitiesn.things such as buildings, shops, or services that are useful or helpful to do something （提供方便、服务等的）设施fellown.a high-ranking member of an Oxford or Cambridge college （牛津或剑桥分院的）管理委员会成员grantv.give especially as a favor 授予补助金；助学金◇higheradj.more advanced, especially in development, organization, or knowledge needed 高等的historicaladj.connected with history as a study 历史的◇innovationn.the introduction of new things 创新institutionn.an organization, usually a long-established or well respected one 社会机构 jointadj.shared by two or more people 共同的v.set in a certain place 使···坐落于minimumn.the smallest number, amount, etc. 最小量nationalityn.membership of a nation by a person, especially when abroad 国籍privateadj.not intended for everyone, but for a particular person or chosen group 非公开的；私用的n.something which is owned 财产pursuev.continue steadily with 继续从事，追求rangen.the limits within which something operates, exists, or is effective （活动）范围regionaladj.of or in a particular region 地区的adj.of religion 宗教的requirementn.something that is needed or that is demanded as necessary 要求（之物） responsibilityn.the condition or quality of being responsible 责任restrictv.keep within limits of size or number or to a certain limit 限制△adj.strict 严格的schemeadj.a formal, official, or business plan 计划specializedadj.suitable or developed for one particular use 专门（化）的△supervisev.keep watch over (a job or activity, or the people doing it) as the person in charge 指导tutorn.指导教师◇tutorialn.辅导课undergraduaten.a student who is doing a university course for a first degree （在校）大学生 venturen.风险项目，风险投资。
