财务会计学教材课后题答案(第八、九、十章)

第2章货币资金和应收款项1.银行存款余额调节表银行存款日记账余额165974银行对账单余额180245加：银行已收10900加：企业已收8000减：银行已付115减：企业已付13200银行多计利息1714调节后余额175045调节后余额1750452.（1）借：其他货币资金-外埠存款400000贷：银行存款400000（2）借：其他货币资金-银行汇票存款15000贷：银行存款15000（3）借：原材料300000应交税费51000贷：其他货币资金-外埠存款351000（4）借：原材料10000应交税费1700贷：其他货币资金-银行汇票存款11700（5）借：银行存款49000贷：其他货币资金-外埠存款49000（6）借：银行存款3300贷：其他货币资金-银行汇票存款33003.总价法5月3日借：应收账款66690贷：主营业务收入57000应交税费96905月18日借：银行存款66023.1财务费用666.9贷：应收账款666905月19日120×100×0.95=1140011400×0.17=1938（11400+1938）×1%=133.38借：主营业务收入11400应交税费1938贷：银行存款13204.62财务费用133.3857000×（1+17%）=66690×2%=1333.85月3日借：应收账款65356.2贷：主营业务收入55666.2应交税费96905月18日借：银行存款66023.1贷：应收账款65356.2财务费用666.95月19日借：主营业务收入11133.24应交税费1938财务费用133.38贷：银行存款13204.624.2009年借：资产减值损失10000贷：坏账准备100002010年借：坏账准备4000贷：应收账款4000借：资产减值损失8000贷：坏账准备80002011借：坏账准备20000贷：应收账款20000借：应收账款3000贷：坏账准备3000借：资产减值损失12000贷：坏账准备12000第三章1.（1）借：在途物资-甲10300应交税费1700贷：银行存款12000（2）借：原材料-甲10300贷：在途物资-甲10300（3）乙货款30000丙货款20000运费分配率=1000/(300+200)=2保险费分配率=1500/(30000+20000)=0.03乙的成本=30000+600×（1-7%）+900=31458丙的成本=20000+400×（1-7%）+600=20972借：在途物资-乙31458-丙20972应交税费8570贷：银行存款61000（4）借：原材料-乙31458-丙20972贷：在途物资-乙31458-丙20972（5）借：在途物资-甲20000应交税费3400贷：银行存款23400（6）借：原材料-乙9000贷：在途物资9000（7）借：原材料-丁30000贷：应付账款300002.30930应交税费5170贷：银行存款36100（2）借：库存商品57000贷：在途物资30930商品进销差价26070（3）借：银行存款60000贷：主营业务收入60000借：主营业务收入60000贷：库存商品60000（4）60000/(1+17%)=5128251282×17%=8717.95借：主营业务收入8717.95贷：应交税费8717.95（5）商品进销差价率=（9700+26070）/(43000+570000×100%=35.77%已销商品进销差价=60000×35.77%=21462借：商品进销差价21462贷：主营业务成本214623.（1）甲材料可变现净值=510-9-200=301账面价值=300未发生减值。

第10章所有者权益教材练习题解析?年。

提取的盈余公积金；200X10％=20(万元)可供分派利润＝200—20=180(万元)应支付优先股股利=5 000X6％=300(万元)则实际支付优先股股利＝180(万元) .未分派的优先股股利＝300—180=120(万元)20X8年。

提取的盈余公积金=2 875X10％=(万元)可供分派利润＝2 875—=2 (万元)补付20X7年优先股股利=120(万元)20X8年优先股股利＝5 000X6％＝300(万元)剩余可供分派利润＝2 —120—300=(万元)则普通股每股股利＝+300)÷(30000+5 000)＝5(元)普通股股利总额= 5X30 000=2115(万元)优先股剩余股利= 5X5 000—300=(万元)优先股股利总额=120+300+＝(万元)优先股每股股利=÷5 000＝5(元)年1月1日。

公司估计支付股分应负担的费用=lOXl000X200＝2 000000(元)不作会计处置。

20X6年12月31 H。

公司估计：支付股分：应负担的费用=2 000 000X(1—10％)=1 800 000(元)20X6年应负担的费用=1 800000÷3=600000(元)借：管理费用600 000贷：资本公积——其他资本公积600 00020X7年工2月31日。

公司估计支付股分应负担的费用=2 000 000X(1—8％)＝1 840 000(元) 20X7年累计应负担妁费用=1 840000X2／3x1 226 667(元)20X7年应负担的费用=1 226 667—600 000=626 667(元)借：管理费用626 667贷：资本公积——其他资本公积626 66720X8年12月31日。

公司实际支付股分应负担的费用昌lOXl000X(200—3—3—1)＝1 930 000(元)20X8年应负担的费用=1 930000-226 667＝703 333(元)借：管理费用703 333贷：资本公积——其他资本公积703 33320X9年1月1日。

第一章总论三、单项选择题1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．A四、多项选择题1．ABCD 2．ABC 3．ACD 4．ABD 5．ABC 6．ABC 7．ABC 8．ACD 9．AC 10．ACD 五、判断题1．错2．错3．错4．错5．错6．对7．对8．对9．对10．错第二章货币资金三、单项选择题1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．D 10．D四、多项选择题1．BCD 2．ABCD 3．ABC 4．ABD 5．BCD 6．ABCD 7．ABCD 8．ABCD五、判断题1．× 2．× 3．× 4．× 5．× 6．√ 7．× 8．√ 9．√ 10．√六、核算题1.【解析】根据上述资料，甲公司的会计处理如下：（1)1月3日，查明原因处理时借：待处理财产损溢——待处理流动资产损溢 100贷：其他应付款——应付现金溢余（光辉公司） 100借：其他应付款——应付现金溢余（光辉公司） 100贷：库存现金 100（2）1月8日，开立采购专户，预借差旅费时借：其他货币资金——外埠存款 100 000贷：银行存款 100 000借：其他应收款——王芳 800贷：库存现金 800（3）1月17日，取得银行汇票时借：其他货币资金——银行汇票 26 000贷：银行存款 26 000（4）1月20日，采购材料取得票证时借：预付账款 25 500贷：其他货币资金——银行汇票 25 500（5）1月23日，销售时借：银行存款 105 300贷：主营业务收入 90 000应交税费——应交增值税（销项税额） 15 300（6）1月24日，银行汇票收到多余款项时借：银行存款 500贷：其他货币资金——银行汇票 500（7）1月25日，采购材料取得票证时借：在途物资 80 000应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额） 13 600贷：其他货币资金——外埠存款 93 600 （8）1月31日，收到多余款项，报销差旅费时借：银行存款 6 400 贷：其他货币资金——外埠存款 6 400 借：库存现金 50 管理费用 750贷：其他应收款——王芳 800（9）1月31日，存现时借：银行存款 18 000贷：库存现金 18 0002.【解析】根据上述资料，乙公司的会计处理如下：（1）提现时借：库存现金 15 000贷：银行存款 15 000（2）预借差旅费时借：其他应收款——刘芳 1 500贷：库存现金 1 500（3）收到货款时借：银行存款 50 000贷：应收账款----乙公司 50 000（4）归还货款时借：应付账款----丙公司 20 000 贷：银行存款 20 000（5）报销差旅费时借：管理费用 1 650 贷：其他应收款——刘芳 1 500库存现金 150（6）现金短缺时借：待处理财产损溢——待处理流动资产损溢 200 贷：库存现金 200借：其他应收款-----应收现金短缺款（陈红） 200贷：待处理财产损溢——待处理流动资产损溢 200借：库存现金 200贷：其他应收款-----应收现金短缺款（陈红） 200（7）取得银行本票时借：其他货币资金——银行本票 50 000 贷：银行存款 50 000 （8）采购材料取得票证时借：原材料 45 000 应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额） 7 650贷：其他货币资金——银行本票 50 000 银行存款 2 650 （9）用信用卡购买办公用品时借：管理费用 2 300贷：其他货币资金——信用卡 2 300 3．（1）根据上述资料，甲公司应编制银行存款余额调节表如下：银行存款余额调节表（2）如果调节后双方的银行存款余额仍不相等，应及时核查原始凭证、记账凭证、银行存款明细账与总分类账，以及未达账项，更正错账并重新编制银行存款余额调节表调节相符。

课后习题Chapter1随堂练习：1—24 1—25课后练习：1—32Chapter2随堂练习：2—35 2—38课后练习：2—36Chapte3随堂练习：3—18 3—21 3—27 3—30 3—31 3—37 3—39课后练习：3—36Chapte4随堂练习：4—28 4—29 4—30 4—35课后练习：4—42Chapter5随堂练习：5—37 5—38 5—39 5—41课后练习：5—58Chapter6随堂练习：6—316—536—62课后练习：6—346—406—54 256页problem 1 & 2 （此答案书后有）6—846—86Chapter7随堂练习：7—42 7—43 7—58课后练习：7—28Chapter8随堂练习：8—33 8—32课后练习：8—44Chapter9随堂练习：9—26 9—28 9—29 9—45 9—57课后练习：9—49 9—58Chapter10 ：无Chapter11随堂练习：11—52课后练习：11—43 11—46 11—47Chapter12随堂练习：12—2712—28课后练习：12—3112—4012—41备注：标注有红色的题号都是可以找到答案的题，其余的习题没答案，没答案的题可以借阅平时上课做了笔记的同学。

希望大家期末都努力复习争取取得好的成绩！加油！O(∩_∩)O习题答案Chapter11-24ALBANY CORPORATIONBalance SheetMarch 31, 20X1Liabilities andAssets Stockholders' EquityCash $ 6,000 (a) Liabilities:Accounts receivable 14,000 Accounts payable $ 11,000 (f) Notes receivable 2,000 Notes payable 10,000 Merchandise inventory 43,000 (b) Long-term debt 32,000 (g) Furniture and fixtures 2,000 (c) Total liabilities 53,000 Machinery and equipment 27,000 (d) Stockholders' equity:Land 31,000 (e) Paid-in capital 92,000 (h) Building 20,000Total $145,000 Total $145,000(a) Cash: 10,000 + 1,000 – 5,000 = 6,000(b) Merchandise inventory: 40,000 + 3,000 = 43,000(c) Furniture and fixtures: 3,000 – 1,000 = 2,000(d) Machinery and equipment: 15,000 + 12,000 = 27,000(e) Land: 6,000 + 25,000 = 31,000(f) Accounts payable: 8,000 + 3,000 = 11,000(g) Long-term debt: 12,000 + 20,000 = 32,000(h) Paid-in capital: 80,000 + 12,000 = 92,000Note: Event 5 requires no change in the balance sheet.1-25BROADWAY CORPORATIONBalance SheetNovember 30, 20X1Liabilities andLiabilities andAssets Stockholders’ EquityCash $ 13,000 (a) Liabilities:Accounts receivable 16,000 (b) Accounts payable $ 10,000 (e) Notes receivable 8,000 Notes payable 31,000 (f) Merchandise inventory 29,000 Long-term debt 119,000 (g) Furniture and fixtures 8,000 Total liabilities 160,000 Machinery and equip. 34,000 (c) Stockholders’ equity:Land 35,000 (d) Paid-in Capital 213,000 (h)Building 230,000Total $373,000 Total $373,000(a) Cash: 22,000 – 6,000 – 3,000 = 13,000(b) Accounts receivable: 10,000 + 6,000 = 16,000(c) Machinery and equipment: 20,000 + 14,000 = 34,000(d) Land: 41,000 – 6,000 = 35,000(e) Accounts payable: 16,000 – 6,000 = 10,000(f) Notes payable: 20,000 + (14,000 – 3,000) = 31,000(g) Long-term debt: 142,000 – 23,000 = 119,000(h) Paid-in capital: 190,000 + 23,000 = 213,000Note: Event 4 requires no change in the balance sheet.Chapter2(无答案)Chapter33-36(30-45 min.) A nswers are in thousands of dollars.1. a. Inventory 550Accounts payable 550 Acquisition of inventoriesb. Accounts receivable 800Sales 800 Sales on accountc. Cost of goods sold 440Inventory 440 Cost of inventory soldd. Cash 80Note payable 80 Borrowed from a supplier onJune 1, 20X8. Four-year note,interest at 15%, and principalpayable at end of four yearse. Prepaid rent 25Cash 25 Paid rent in advancef. Wages expense 165Cash 165 Paid wagesg. Miscellaneous expenses 76Cash 76 Paid miscellaneous expensesh. Note receivable 20Cash 20 Loan to office manager one-yearnote, 10 % interesti. Cash 691Accounts receivable 691Collections on accountsj. Accounts payable 471Cash 471 Payments on accountsk. Rent expense 26Prepaid rent 26 To reduce prepaid rent to $3,000l. Depreciation expense 6Accumulated depreciation,store equipment 6 Depreciation for the year 19X8m. Wages expense 6Cash 6 Adjustment for wagesn. Interest expense 7Cash 7 Adjustment: .15 x $80,000 x 7/12o. Cash 1Interest revenue 1 Adjustment: .10 x $20,000 x 6/122.A ccumulated Depreciation,Wages Expense Miscellaneous Expense(g) 76* Balance 12/31/X7** Balance 12/31/X83. CANSECO GA RDENSTrial BalanceDecember 31, 20X8Debits Credits Cash $ 24Accounts receivable 146Note receivable 20Inventory 241Prepaid rent 3Store equipment 60Accumulated depreciation,store equipment $ 30 Accounts payable 190Note payable 80Paid-in capital 40Retained income 79Sales 800Interest revenue 1Cost of goods sold 440Rent expense 26Depreciation 6Interest expense 7Miscellaneous expenses 76Wages expense 171Total $1,220 $1,220Chapter4(无答案)Chapter55-391. Gross sales $650,000*Deduct:Sales returns and allowances $30,000Cash discounts on sales 20,000 50,000Net sales $600,000 *$600,000 + $20,000 + $30,000 = $650,0002. (a) Accounts receivable 650,000Sales revenue 650,000(b) Sales returns and allowances 30,000Accounts receivable 30,000(c) Cash 600,000Cash discounts on sales 20,000Accounts receivable 620,0005-58(20 min.)Note that the data provide four years of experience to use in calculating the properpercentage. Sales and ending accounts receivable from 20X1 through20X4 are matched with write-offs for 20X2 through 20X5.1. Bad debt write-offs as a percentage of sales provides the amount to be added tothe allowance account. Bad debt write-offs as a percentage of sales are:($12,500 + $14,000 + $16,500 + $17,600)/($680,000 + $750,000 + $750,000 +$850,000) = $60,600/$3,030,000 = 2%Bad debt expense, 20X5 = 2% x $850,000 = $17,000Ending balance, allowance for uncollectible accounts= Beginning balance +bad debt expense– bad de = $16,000 + $17,000 – $17,600= $15,4005-58 (continued)Use of T-accounts might help:2. The percentage of ending accounts receivable method provides the desiredbalance in the allowance account. The allowance account balance, as apercentage of ending accounts receivable, should be calculated asfollows:($12,500 + $14,000 + $16,500 + $17,600)/($90,000 + $97,000 + $103,000 + $114,000)= $60,600/$404,000 = 15%Ending balance, allowance for uncollectible accounts, 20X5 = 15% x $112,000 =$16,800Beginning + bad debt –bad d balance expense write $16,000 +bad debt –$17,600 = $expenseBad debt expense = $16,800 + $17,600 – $16,000 = $18,400The critical issue is to realize the allowance balance before the bad debt expense entry isthe beginning balance of $16,000 less the write-offs of $17,600; a debitbalance of 1,600. The expense must bring this balance to zero and thencreate the required $16,800 credit balanceChapter 66-31PRA G’s JEWELRY WHOLESA LERSStatement of Gross ProfitFor the Year Ended December 31, 20X8(In Thousands)Gross sales $1,000 Deduct: Sales returns and allo wances $40 Cash discounts on sales 5 45Net sales 955Cost of goods sold:Inv entory, December 31, 20X7 $103A dd: Gross purchases $650Deduct: Purchase returnsand allo wances $27Cash discounts on purchases 6 33Net purchases 617A dd Freight-in 50Cost of merchandise acquired 667Cost of goods av ailable for sale 770Deduct: Inv entory, December 31, 19X8 170 Cost of goods sold 600 Gross profit $355 6-34 (10-15 min.)Cost of Goods A vailable = £21,300(8,000 + 4,200 + 4,400 + 2,300 + 2,400)L I F O E n d i n g I n v e n t o r y=(4,000@£2)+(1,500@£2.10)=£11,150FIFO Ending Inventory = 1,000 @ 2.40 =1,000 @ 2.30 = 2,3002,000 @ 2.20 = 4,4001,500 @ 2.10 = 3,1505,500 £12,250 Weighted av erage = £= £Ending inventory 5,500 @ £2.13 = £11,715Cost of Goods Sold Calculation:LIFO FIFO A verage Goods av ailable £21,300 £21,300 £21,300 Less Ending Inv entory (11,150) (12,250) (11,715) Cost of Goods Sold £10,150 £ 9,050 £ 9,585 6-40(10-15 min.)Compound entries could be prepared. (A mounts are in millions.)a. Sales returns and allowances 5Cash discounts on sales 8A ccounts receivable 226Sales 239b. Cost of goods sold 157Purchase returns and allowances 6Cash discounts on purchases 1Inventory 25Purchases 125Freight-in 14c. Inventory 40Cost of goods sold 40d. Other expenses 80Cash 80 6-53(15-25 min.)Under the FIFO cost-flow assumption, the periodic and perpetual procedures giv e identical results. The ending inv entory will be v alued on the basis of the last purchases during the period.Units $Beginning Inv entory 110 550Purchases 290 2,050Goods av ailable 400 2,600Units sold 255 1,485**Units in ending Inv entory145 1,115** 145 units remain in ending inv entory100 will be v alued at the $8 cost from the October 21 purchase and the remaining 45 will be v alued at the $7 cost from the May 9 purchase100 x $8 = $ 80045 x $7 = 315$1,115 Ending inv entory** Reconciliation: Cost of Goods Sold:255 Units: 110 x $5 = $ 55080 x $6 = 48065 x $7 = 455$1,4856-54 (30-35 min.)1. Gross profit percentage = $1,200,000 ÷ $3,000,000 = 40%Inventory turnover = $1,800,000 ÷2000, 550000,650$= 3 times2. Inv entory turnov er = $1,800,000 ÷ $450,000 = 4 times, a 1/3 increase in turnov er.3. With a lower av erage inv entory and constant turnover, cost of sales must fall. T o t alcost of goods sold = $450,000 x 3 = $1,350,000. To achiev e a gross profit of$1,200,000, total sales must be $1,350,000 + $1,200,000, or $2,550,000. The grossprofit percentage must be $1,200,000 ÷ $2,550,000 = 47.1%. Requirements 2 & 3sho w that if inv entory levels are reduced y ou must increase either turnover ormargins to maintain profitability.4. Summary (computations are sho wn belo w):Succeeding YearGiv en Year 4a 4b Sales $3,000,000 $2,892,857 $3,093,750Cost of goods sold 1,800,000 1,620,000 1,980,000 Gross profit $1,200,000 $1,272,857 $1,113,750a. New gross profit percentage, 40% + .10(40%) = 44%New inv entory turnover, 3 – .10(3) = 2.7New cost of goods sold, $600,000 x 2.7 = $1,620,000New sales = $1,620,000 ÷ (1 – .44)= $1,620,000 ÷ .56= $2,892,857Note that this is a more profitable alternative, assuming that the gross profitpercentage and the turnover can be achiev ed. In contrast, alternative 4b is lessattractiv e than the original 40% gross profit and turnover of 3.b. New gross profit percentage, 40% – .10(40%) = 36%New inv entory turnover, 3 + .10(3) = 3.3New cost of goods sold, $600,000 x 3.3 = $1,980,000New sales = $1,980,000 ÷ (1 .36)= $1,980,000 ÷ .64= $3,093,7505. Retailers find these ratios (and variations thereof) helpful for a v ariety of operatingdecisions, too many to enumerate here. A n obvious help is the quantify ing of theoptions facing management regarding what and how much inv entory to carry, andwhat pricing policies to follo w. You may want to stress that this analy sis ig n o res o n ebenefit of higher turnover—the firm reduces its inv estment in inv entory and reducesstorage and display requirements.6-84(15-20 min.)1.A n understatement of ending inventories overstates cost of goods sold andunderstates taxable income by $500,000. Taxes evaded would be .40 x $500,000 =$200,000.2.This news story provides a good illustration of why a basic knowledge ofaccounting is helpful in understanding the business press. The news story isincomplete or misleading in one important respect. The business owner'sunderstated ending inventory becomes the understated beginning inventory of thenext y ear. If no other manipulations occur, the owner will understate cost of go odssold during the next y ear, overstate taxable income, and pay an extra $200,000 inincome taxes. Thus, the owner will have postponed pay ing income taxes for oneyear, pay ing no interest on the money "borrowed" from the government.To continue to evade the $200,000 of income taxes of y ear one, the endinginventory of the second year must be understated by $500,000 again. Ho wev er, ifonly the $500,000 understatement persists y ear after y ear, the owner is enjoy ing aperpetual loan of $200,000 (based on a 40% tax rate) from the government. Datafollow (in dollars):6-84 (continued)Honest Reporting Dishonest ReportingFirst Year Second Year First Year Second Year Beginning inventory 3,000,000 2,500,000 3,000,000 2,000,000 Purchases 10,000,000 10,000,000 10,000,000 10,000,000 Available for sale 13,000,000 12,500,000 13,000,000 12,000,000 Ending inventory 2,500,000 2,500,000 2,000,000 2,000,000 Cost of goods sold 10,500,000 10,000,000 11,000,000 10,000,000 Income tax savings @ 40% 4,200,000 4,000,000 4,400,000 4,000,000 Income tax savings fortwo y ears together 8,200,000 8,400,000 Some students may incorrectlycumulative effect. You may wish to emphasize that the second y ear has the samecost of goods sold in each column, because in the "dishonest" case bothbeginning and ending inventory are understated by the same amount. To evadean additional $200,000 of income taxes in the second year, the ending inventorymust be understated by $1,000,000 (not $500,000) in the second y ear.6–86(35-45 min.) A mounts are in millions.Inventory Calculation1. Beginning + Purchases – Sales = Ending658 + Purchases – 6,746 = 1,232Purchases = 6,746 – 658 + 1,232Purchases = $7,3202. Turnover = Cost of sales ÷ average inventory Turnover = $6,746 ÷ ($1,232 + $658) ÷ 2 = $6,746 ÷ $945 = 7.143. Gross MarginSales$18,928$6,746 $18,928 -= .64 2000$12,1734,259$ $12,173-= .65 1999489,8$924,2$ 489,8$ -= .66 1998The gross margin has fallen slightly over the three y ears.Gross margins for Cisco are high. This is because of the industry . Software and technology innovations are expensive to develop but inexpensive to produce and distribute. Note that costs of creating these products are largely research and development, and these costs are accounted for as operating expenses in the year incurred.Chapater77-28(10-15 min.) You may want to use T-accounts too.1. Depreciation expense, equipment 160,000Accumulated depreciation, equipment 160,000 To record annual depreciation:($880,000-$80,000) ÷ 5 = $160,0002. Cash 160,000Accumulated depreciation,equipment 80,000Equipment 220,000Gain on sale of equipment 20,000 To record sale of equipment:Cash proceeds $160,000Original cost $220,000Accumulated depre-ciation, 2 x $40,000 = 80,000Book value (or carryingamount) 140,000Gain on sale $ 20,0003. Cash 110,000Accumulated depreciation,equipment 80,000 Loss on sale of equipment 30,000 Equipment 220,000 To record sale of equipment:Cash proceeds $110,000Book value (see above) 140,000Loss on sale $ 30,0007-58(25-35 min.) A mounts in table are in thousands of dollars.1. Zero Income Taxes2. 40% IncomeTaxesStraight-line Accelerated Straight-line AcceleratedDepreciation Depreciation Depreciation Depreciation Revenues 900 900 900 900 Cash operating expenses 600 600 600 600 Cash provided by operationsbefore income taxes 300 300 300 300 Depreciation expense 50 100 50 100 Operating income 250 200 250 200 Income tax expense ––100 80 Net income 250 200 150 120 Supplementary analysis:Cash provided by operationsbefore income taxes 300 300 300 300 Income tax payments ––100 80 Net cash provided byoperations 300 300 200 220 3. By itself, depreciation expense does not provide cash. This point is illustrated bypart 1 that compares the amounts shown before taxes. Note that the cashprovided by operations (and the ending cash balances) are exactly the same. Nomatter what depreciation expense is allocated to the year (whether $50,000,$100,000, or zero), the $300,000 cash provided by operations and the ending cashwill be unaffected.Examine part 2, that compares amounts after taxes. A gain, by itself, depreciationdoes not affect the cash inflow provided by operations. However, depreciationdoes affect the cash outflow for income taxes. The use of accelerateddepreciation results in a strange combination of showing less net income butconserving more cash. The accelerated method shows net income of $120,000(compared with $150,000 using straight-line), but accelerated shows a netincrease in cash provided by operations (less income taxes) of $220,000(compared with $200,000 using straight-line). A ccordingly, the final cash balanceis $20,000 higher for accelerated than for straight-line.4. Journal entries (not required) may clarify the effects:Depreciation expense 50,000 moreAccumulated depreciation 50,000 moreIncome tax expense 20,000 lessCash 20,000 less7-58 (continued)The reduction of retained income would be $150,000 – $120,000. That is, net income(and hence retained income) would be $30,000 lower. In summary:Cash, increase by tax savings, .40 x $50,000 = $20,000Accumulated depreciation, increased by $50,000Operating income, decrease by $50,000Income tax expense, decrease by $20,000Retained income, decrease by $30,0005. The doubling of depreciation would cause net income to decrease but in theabsence of tax effects would have no effect on cash provided by operations:Straight-line AcceleratedDepreciation DepreciationBefore Doubled Before Doubled Revenues 900 900 900 900 Cash operating expenses 600 600 600 600 Cash provided by operations 300 300 300 300 Depreciation expense 50 100 100 200 Income before income taxes 250 200 200 100 Income tax expense ----Net income 250 200 220 100Chapater88-32(10-15 min.)1. Claims Distribution of ProceedsFirst mortgage bondspayable $13,000,000 In full $13,000,000 Accounts payable 3,000,000 3/8 of remainder* 2,250,000 Unsubordinated debentures 5,000,000 5/8 of remainder* 3,750,000 Total claims $21,000,000 Total distribution $19,000,000 * Total general unsecured claims = $3,000,000 + $5,000,000 = $8,000,000,so remaining proceeds of $19,000,000 – $13,000,000, or $6,000,000, will besplit 3/8, 5/8, or 75 cents per dollar of claim ($6,000,000 ÷ 8,000,000).2. Claims Distribution of ProceedsFirst mortgage bondspayable $13,000,000 In full $13,000,000 Accounts payable 3,000,000 In full 3,000,000 Subordinated debentures 5,000,000 Remainder 3,000,000 Total claims $21,000,000 Total distribution $19,000,000 Ordinary trade creditors have than subordinatedholders who would now receive only 60 cents per dollar of claim.If only $14.5 million cash becomes available, the first mortgage holders would get$13 million, the trade creditors would receive $1.5 million (only 50 cents for eachdollar claimed), and the holders of subordinated debentures would receivenothing.8-33(10 min.) A mounts are in millions.1. Income tax expense 4,045Income taxes payable 1,904Deferred income taxes 2,141 To record income tax expense.Income taxes payable 1,904Cash 1,904 To record payment of income taxes.These two transactions could have been combined:Income tax expense 4,045Deferred income taxes 2,141Cash 1,904 To record income tax expense and payments.2. The deferred tax liability increases by $4,045 $1,904 = $2,141.8-44 (15-25 min.)1. Debt to Equity Ratios1999 1992AT&T $90,479 ÷ $78,927 = 1.15 $17,122 ÷ $20,313 = .84 MICRON $ 3,001 ÷ $3,964 = .76 $ 213 ÷ $ 511 = .42 AMGEN $ 1,054 ÷ $ 3,024 = .35 $ 440 ÷ $ 934 = .472. AT&T is a large company with well-established credit reputations and largeamounts of fixed assets to use as collateral for debt. Earnings are relativelystable. Therefore, A T&T has the ability to borrow large amounts, as shown bythe high debt-to-equity ratio.In contrast, Micron Technologies and A mgen are newer, smaller companies involatile high-tech industries. They have not yet established the credit worthinessto borrow as much as A T&T.3. Each company's ratio changes over the seven-year period, but the direction is notconsistent. Thus, the changes appear more idiosyncratic than economy driven.Particularly for small firms such as MICRON and AMGEN, a single new issue ofdebt or equity can have a large immediate effect on the ratios.Chapter99-26(10-20 min.)1. a. PV = $20,000(.6830) = $13,660b. PV = $20,000(.4823) = $ 9,6462. The annual rates would be halved and the periods doubled. Present valuesdecline:a. PV = $20,000(.6768) = $13,536b. PV = $20,000(.4665) = $ 9,3303. Present values rise because the money is repaid more quickly:a. PV = $5,000(3.1699) = $15,849.50b. PV = $5,000(2.5887) = $12,943.509-28(10-15 min.)1. Equipment 394,000Cash 100,000Contract payable (or note payable) 294,000 Equipment is capitalized at its cash-equivalent cost.2. The imputed interest rate makes the present value of the payments equal to thecash price:DM100,000 + (DM400,000 x (4-year, Y% factor in Table 9-2)) = 394,000Factor = (DM394,000 DM100,000) ÷ DM400,000 = .7350From the 4-year row of Table 9-2, Y = 8%Year 1 Interest expense 23,520Contract payable 23,520 .08 x DM294,000 = DM23,520Year 2 Interest expense 25,402Contract payable 25,402 .08 x (DM294,000 + 23,520) =.08 x DM317,520 = DM25,4029-29(15-20 min.)1. Equipment 416,990Cash 100,000Contract payable, current 68,301Contract payable, long-term 248,689 Equipment is capitalized at its cash-equivalent cost of $100,000 plus thepresent value of the contract:PV = $100,000(3.1699) = $316,990Analysis of first installment:Total amount $100,000Interest portion, .10 x $316,990 = 31,699Principal portion, current liability $ 68,301Total contract payable $316,990Current liability 68,301Long-term portion $248,2892. Interest expense 31,699Contract payable, current 68,301Cash 100,000 To record interest expense andreduction of principal.Contract payable, long-term 75,131Contract payable, current portion 75,131 To reclassify current liability oflong-term debt as short-term debt.Analysis of second installment:Total amount $100,000Interest portion,.10 x ($316,990 – $68,301)or .10 x $248,689 = 24,869Principal portion current liability $ 75,3119-45 (25-35 min.)Analysis of Bond Transactions (In Thousands of Norwegian Kroner)A = L + SECashBonds Payable Discount on Bonds Payable Retained Incomea. Issuance7,881=+10,000 –2,119b. First semi-annual interest– 500* =+ 52 – 552** ⎥⎥⎦⎤⎢⎢⎣⎡Expense Interest Increasec. Maturity value–10,000 = –10,000 Bond related totals***–12,119 =0 0 –12,119* NKR10,000,000 x 10% x 1/2 ** NKR7,881,000 x 14% x 1/2*** Twenty semi-annual payments of NKR500 plus repayment of NKR2,119 in excessof the original borrowing. 2. Sample Journal Entries Bond Transactions (In Thousands of Norwegian Kroner)a. Cash 7,881 Discount on bonds payable 2,119 Bonds payable 10,000To record proceeds upon issuance of 10%bonds maturing on December 31, 2015. b. Interest expense 552 Discount on bonds payable 52 Cash 500To record amortization of discount and payment of interest.c. Bonds payable 10,000Cash 10,000 To record payment of maturity valueof bonds and their retirement.3. When presented on balance sheets, unamortized discounts are deducted fromthe face value of the related bonds (in thousands):December 31, 2005 June 30, 2006Bonds payable, 10% due December 31, 2015 NKR10,000 NKR10,000 Deduct: Discount on bonds payable 2,119 2,067* Net liability NKR 7,881 NKR 7,933* 2,119 – 52 = 2,0679-49(20-40 min.)1. To compute the gain or loss, first calculate the net liability at December 31, 2001:Face amount $20,000,000Proceeds 17,880,800 * Discount at issuance 2,119,2006/30/01 discount amortization (51,656) ** 12/31/01 discount amortization (55,272) †Bond discount unamortized at 12/31/01 $ 2,012,272 * ($1,200,000 x 10.5940) + ($20,000,000 x .2584)** (7% x $17,880,800) – (6% x $20,000,000)†(7% x ($17,880,800 + $51,656)] - (6% x $20,000,000)The net liability is the face amount less the discount:Face amount $20,000,000 Bond discount unamortized at 12/31/01 2,012,272 Net liability at 12/31/01 $17,987,728 The amount by which the cash payment for the debentures exceeds the netliability is the loss on early extinguishment. A mounts are in thousands:Cash payment $19,000Net liability at 12/31/01 17,988Loss on early extinguishment of debt $ 1,0129-49 (continued) 2. Analysis of Early Extinguishment of Debt (In Thousands of Dollars)A =L+ SEIssuer's Record Cash = Bonds Payable Discount on Bonds PayableRetained IncomeRedemption,December 31, 2001 –19,000= –20,000+2,012⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡Discount Decrease –1,012 ⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡ment Extinguish Early on Loss 3. Journal Entry(In Thousands)Issuer's RecordsDecember 31, 2001 Bonds payable 20,000 Loss on early extinguishment of debt 1,012 Discount on bonds payable 2,012 Cash 19,000To record open-market acquisition of entire issue of 12% bonds for $19 million. 4. A gain arises if the bond is extinguished for less than the carrying value,$17,987,728 – $500,000 gives a price of $17,487,728.9-57 (20-30 min.)Some instructors may prefer to (a) ask students to prepare entries for two years only here and (b) also assign the next problem. 1. PV A = $40,000 x A nnuity Factor for 3 years at 18% = $40,000 x 2.1743= $86,9722. Equipment leasehold 86,972Lease liability, current*24,345Lease liability, long-term 62,627 To record capital lease.Analysis of first installment:Total amount $40,000Interest, .18 x $86,972 15,655Principal portion, current liability $24,345Total liability $86,972Current liability 24,345Long-term liability $62,627Entry for straight-line amortization of the asset for each of three years: Amortization of equipment leasehold 28,991 Equipment leasehold 28,991 To record straight-line amortization:$86,972 ÷ 3 = $28,991.Lease Payments and Liability ReclassificationsYear OneInterest expense 15,655Lease liability, current 24,345 Cash 40,000 To record interest expense andreduction of liability.Lease liability, long term 28,727 Lease liability, current 28,727 To reclassify next installment oflong-term debt as short-term debt.Analysis of second installment:Total $40,000Interest portion:.18 x ($86,972 – $24,345)= .18 x $62,627 = 11,273 Principal portion, current liability $28,727Total liability $62,627Current liability 28,727Long-term liability $33,9009-57 (continued)Year TwoInterest expense 11,273Lease liability, current 28,727Cash 40,000 To record interest expense andreduction of liability.Lease liability, long-term 33,900Lease liability, current 33,900 To reclassify next installmentof long-term debt as short-term debt.Year ThreeInterest expense 6,100Lease liability, current 33,900Cash 40,000Analysis of third installment:Total amount $40,000Interest, .18 x $33,900 6,102Principal $33,898** Rounding causes this amount to differ from the $33,900 liability. These roundingerrors occur because the present value tables are carried to four places only rather thanto five or more places. This rounding causes the present value of the lease to be rounded at its inception.。

财务会计学第12版课后答案第九章1、财务会计的目标是什么？明确财务会计的目标有何意义？答：（1）财务会计的目标是财务会计基本理论的重要组成部分，是财务会计理论体系的基础，即期望会计达到的目的或境界，整个财务会计理论体系和会计实务是建立在财务会计目标的基础之上。

财务会计目标包括以下三方面：①提供符合国家宏观经济管理要求的会计信息；②满足企业内部经营管理的需要；③满足有关各方了解企业财务状况及经营成果的需要。

（2）明确财务会计目标对会计的实践工作以及会计准则的制定既有重大的指导意义，又有较大的实践价值。

2、财务会计的基本前提有哪些？权责发生制为什么也是财务会计的一项基本前提？答：财务会计的基本前提是指组织与开展财务会计工作必须具备的前提条件，是必须首先明确和解决的基本问题。

（1）财务会计的基本前提有会计主体、持续经营、会计期间、货币计量和权责发生制。

具体说明如下：①会计主体。

会计主体是指会计为之服务的特定单位。

要开展会计工作，首先应明确认定会计主体，也就是要明确会计人员的立足点（立场），解决为谁记账、算账、报账的问题。

②持续经营。

持续经营是指作为会计主体企业，其生产经营活动将按照既定的目标持续下去，在可以预见的将来不会面临破产与清算。

③会计期间。

会计期间是指人为地把持续不断的企业生产经营活动划分为较短的经营期间。

会计分期的目的在于通过会计期间的划分，据以结算账目，编制财务会计报告，从而及时地向有关方面提供有用的会计信息。

④货币计量。

财务会计以货币为主要计量尺度。

要记账，必须确定记账本位币；要编表，必须确定报告本位币。

不但要确定依据何种货币记账，按何种货币编制报表，还需要判断该种货币本身的价值是否基本稳定。

⑤权责发生制。

权责发生制也称为应计制，它要求对会计主体在一定期间内发生的各项业务，以是否取得经济权利、是否承担经济责任为标准，决定资产、负债、收入（广义）和费用（广义）的确认。

现代企业财务会计以权责发生制为确认基础。

第八章流动负债一、单项选择题（一）要求：下列各小题的4个备选答案中，只有1个是正确的，请您将正确答案的字母序号填入每小题后面的“（）”内。

（二）题目：1、下列各项中，不会形成企业一项现时义务的是（A）A、企业未来期间的经营亏损B、企业为职工缴纳的社会保险费C、企业期末应支付的利息D、董事会对外宣告的现金股利2、公司将本期应付的现金股利确认为一项负债的时点为（ B ）。

A、公布财务报告时B、对外宣告现金股利时C、召开股东大会时D、实际支付现金股利时3、下列各项中，会导致企业初始一项法定义务的是（ C ）。

A、企业以往的习惯做法B、企业已公开的承诺C、企业签订的购销合同D、企业已公布的经营政策4、资产负债表日，按计算确定的短期借款利息费用，贷记的会计账户是（ D ）。

A、短期借款B、财务费用C、应计利息D、应付利息5、企业申请的银行承兑汇票如果到期无法支付，则应当将应付票据的账面价值转入的会计账户是（A）。

A、短期借款B、应收账款C、坏账准备D、应付账款6、企业在购买材料时签发并承兑的商业承兑汇票，如果到期无法支付，则应当将应付票据的账面价值结转至的会计账户是（ B ）。

A、短期借款B、应付账款C、坏账准备D、应收账款7、我国票据法所规定的应付票据，一般是指（ C ）。

A、支票B、银行汇票C、商业汇票D、银行支票8、我国目前会计实务中，对带息应付票据的利息的账务处理，应采用（D）。

A、记入“待摊费用”账户按期摊销B、按期预提利息记入“财务费用”账户C、发生时据实列支，一次性记入“财务费用”账户D、按期计算应付利息，并增加应付票据的账面价值9、下列各项中，不应包括在资产负债表“其他应付款”项目中的是（A）A．预收购货单位的货款B．收到出租包装物的押金C．应付租人包装物的租金D．职工未按期领取的工资【解析】其他应付款账户核算的内容包括：应付经营租入固定资产租金、应付租入包装物租金、存入保证金等。

10、企业缴纳上月应交未交的增值税时，所做的会计分录是借记“应交税费”账户，“应交税费”账户所属的明细账户是（B）。

第九章非流动负债一、单项选择题（一）要求：下列各小题的4个备选答案中，只有1个是正确的，请您将正确答案的字母序号填入每小题后面的“（）”内。

（二）题目：1、下列账户中，用于生产周转的长期借款的利息，应借记的账户是（ A ）。

A、财务费用B、管理费用Ｃ、销售费用Ｄ、长期借款2、借款费用准则中的“专门借款”是指（ A ）。

A、为购建或者生产符合资本化条件的资产而专门借入的款项B、发行债券借款C、技术改造借款D、生产周转借款3、下列项目中，不属于借款费用的项目是（ B ）。

A、借款过程中发生的承诺费B、发行公司债券发生的折价C、外币借款发生的汇兑损失D、发行公司债券溢价的摊销【解析】发行公司债券发生的折价或溢价不属于借款费用，债券折价或溢价的摊销属于借款费用。

4、下列各项中，不属于或有事项的特征的是（ B ）。

A、由未来事项来决定B、可以确认为资产或负债C、结果具有不确定性D、由过去的交易或事项形成5、下列有关“预计负债”账户的表述中，不正确的是：该账户的（ C ）。

A、贷方登记按规定的预计项目和金额确认的预计负债B、借方登记预计负债发生并实际偿付的金额C、期末借方余额，反映已预计但尚未实际发生并偿付的债务D、明细账应按预计负债项目设置，如产品质量保证、亏损合同、固定资产弃置义务等6、下列符合资本化条件的资产所发生的借款费用在予以资本化时，要与资产支出相挂钩的是（ C ）。

A．专门借款利息B．专门借款的溢价摊销C．一般借款利息D．外币专门借款的汇兑差额7、在确定借款费用资本化金额时，资本化期间与专门借款有关的利息收入应（ D ）。

A、计入营业外收入B、计入当期的财务费用C、计入投资收益D、冲减借款费用资本化的金额8、下列在建工程连续超过3个月中断的原因中，不应暂停借款费用资本化的是（D ）。

A．由于资金周转困难而造成B．由于劳务纠纷而造成C．由于发生安全事故而造成D．由于可预测的气候影响而造成9、债券折价发行是由于（ A ）。

第一章总论【思考题】1．说明财务会计与管理会计的区别与联系。

答：财务会计与管理会计的区别可概括为；（1）财务会计以计量和传送信息为主要目标财务会计不同于管理会计的特点之一，是财务会计的目标主要是向企业的投资者、债权人、政府部门，以及社会公众提供会计信息。

从信息的性质看，主要是反映企业整体情况，并着重历史信息。

从信息的使用者看，主要是外部使用者，包括投资人、债权人、社会公众和政府部门等。

从信息的用途看，主要是利用信息了解企业的财务状况和经营成果。

而管理会计的目标则侧重于规划未来，对企业的重大经营活动进行预测和决策，以及加强事中控制。

（2）财务会计以会计报告为工作核心财务会计作为一个会计信息系统，是以会计报表作为最终成果。

会计信息最终是通过会计报表反映出来。

因此，财务报告是会计工作的核心。

现代财务会计所编制的会计报表是以公认会计原则为指导而编制的通用会计报表，并把会计报表的编制放在最突出的地位。

而管理会计并不把编制会计报表当做它的主要目标，只是为企业的经营决策提供有选择的或特定的管理信息，其业绩报告也不对外公开发表。

（3）财务会计仍然以传统会计模式作为数据处理和信息加工的基本方法为了提供通用的会计报表，财务会计还要运用较为成熟的传统会计模式作为处理和加工信息的方法。

传统会计模式也是历史成本模式，它依据复式簿记系统，以权责发生制为基础，采用历史成本原则。

（4）财务会计以公认会计原则和行业会计制度为指导公认会计原则是指导财务会计工作的基本原理和准则，是组织会计活动、处理会计业务的规范。

公认会计原则由基本会计准则和具体会计准则所组成。

这都是我国财务会计必须遵循的规范。

而管理会计则不必严格遵守公认的会计原则。

2．试举五个会计信息使用者，并说明他们怎样使用会计信息。

答：股东。

他们需要评价过去和预测未来。

有关年度财务报告是满足这些需要的最重要的手段，季度财务报告、半年度报告也是管理部门向股东报告的重要形式。

向股东提供这些报告是会计信息系统的传统职责，股东借助于财务报告反映的常规信息,获得有关股票交易和股利支付的情况，从而做出投资决策。