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小升初英语复习30条英语语法汇总,囊括小学英语全部知识,超级棒!赶紧拿走

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小升初英语复习30条英语语法汇总，囊括小学英语全部知识三好网小升初英语复习30条英语语法汇总，囊括了小学英语的全部知识，家长们利用自己的碎片时间就可以让孩子学习，何乐而不为而呢？1一. 名词复数的规则变化一般情况加-s1.清辅音后读/s/;map-maps2.浊辅音和元音后bag-bagscar-cars以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加-esbus-buseswatch-watches以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等结尾的词加-slicense-licenses以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y 为i再加esbaby---babies2二. 其它名词复数的规则变化1) 以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数：如：two Marys比较：storey ---storeys story---stories2) 以o 结尾的名词，变复数时：加s，如：photo---photos piano---pianos加es，如：potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes均可，如：zero---zeros / zeroes3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时：加s，如：belief---beliefs roof---roofs去f,fe 加ves，如：half---halves均可,如：handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves3三. 名词复数的不规则变化1)不规则变化child---children、foot---feet、tooth---teeth、mouse---mice、man---men、woman---women注意：与man 和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women。

如：an Englishman，two Englishmen.但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans2)单复同形如：deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。

如:a dollar, two dollars;a meter, two meters3)集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数如：people、police、cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说：a person，a policeman表示国民总称时，作复数用。

如：The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。

4)以s结尾，仍为单数的名词如：maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。

news 是不可数名词。

the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。

以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。

"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book.<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。

5) 表示由两部分构成的东西如：glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair(对，双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers6) 另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes(各种)鱼4四. 不可数名词量的表示1)物质名词当物质名词转化为个体名词时比较：Cake is a kind of food.(不可数)These cakes are sweet.(可数)当物质名词表示该物质的种类时，名词可数比较：This factory produces steel.(不可数)We need various steels.(可数)当物质名词表示份数时，可数比较：Our country is famous for tea.(不可数)Two teas, please.(可数)2) 抽象名词有时也可数four freedoms 四大自由the four modernizations四个现代化物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量。

如：a glass of water 一杯水a piece of advice 一条建议5五. 定语名词的复数名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外1) 用复数作定语如：sports meeting 运动会students reading-room 学生阅览室talks table 谈判桌2) man, woman, 等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定如：men workerswomen teachers3) 有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留如：goods train (货车)arms produce 武器生产4) 数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式如：two-dozen eggs 两打/(二十四个鸡蛋)a ten-mile walk 十里路6六. 名词所有格在英语中有些名词可以加"'s"来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：a teacher's book。

名词所有格的规则如下：1) 单数名词词尾加"'s"，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加"'s"如：the boy's bagmen's room2) 若名词已有复数词尾-s ，只加"'"如：the workers' struggle3) 凡不能加"'s"的名词，都可以用"名词+of +名词"的结构来表示所有关系如：the title of the song4) 在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词如：the barber's5) 如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示"分别有";只有一个's，则表示'共有'如：John's and Mary's room(两间)John and Mary's room(一间)6) 复合名词或短语，'s 加在最后一个词的词尾如：a month or two's absence7七.不定冠词的用法冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。

英语中的冠词有三种：一种是定冠词(the Definite Article)另一种是不定冠词(the Indefinite Article)还有一种是零冠词(Zero Article)不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源，是"一个"的意思。

a用于辅音音素前，一般读作[e]，an用于元音音素前，一般读做[en]。

1) 表示"一个"，意为one;指某人或某物，意为a certainA Mr. Ling is waiting for you.2) 代表一类人或物A knife is a tool for cutting with.Mr. Smith is an engineer.3) 词组或成语a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden8八.定冠词的用法定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有"那(这)个"的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。

1)特指双方都明白的人或物：Take the medicine.2)上文提到过的人或事：He bought a house.I've been to the house.3)指世上独一物二的事物：the sun、the sky、the moon、the earth4)单数名词连用表示一类事物：the dollar 美元、the fox 狐狸或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：the rich 富人、the living 生者5)用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only、very、same等前面：Where do you live?I live on the second floor.6)与复数名词连用，指整个群体：They are the teachers of this school.（指全体教师)They are teachers of this school.(指部分教师)7)表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前：She caught me by the arm.. 她抓住了我的手臂8)用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前：the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国the United States 美国9)用在表示乐器的名词之前：She plays the piano.10) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：the Greens 格林一家人(或格林夫妇)11) 用在惯用语中：in the day, in the morning (afternoon，evening), the day after tomorrow the day before yesterday, the next morning,in the sky (water，field，country)in the dark, in the rain, in the distance,in the middle (of), in the end,on the whole, by the way, go to the theatre9九. 零冠词的用法1) 国名，人名前通常不用定冠词England，Mary;2)泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词They are teachers. 他们是教师3)抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词Failure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母4)物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词Man cannot live without water.人离开水就无法生存5)在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词We go to school from Monday to Friday.6)在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词The guards took the American to General Lee.士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里7)在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词如：have breakfast，play chess8)当两个或两个以上名词并用时，常省去冠词I can't write without pen or pencil.没有钢笔和铅笔，我就写不了字9)当by与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词by bus，by train10)有些个体名词不用冠词如：school，college，prison，market，hospital，bed，table，class，town，church，court 等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义;go to hospital去医院看病go to the hospital去医院(并不是去看病，而是有其他目的)11)不用冠词的序数词a. 序数词前有物主代词b. 序数词作副词He came first in the race.c. 在固定词组中at (the) first,first of all,from first to last10十. 冠词与形容词+名词结构1) 两个形容词都有冠词，表示两个不同东西He raises a black and a white cat.他养了一只黑猫和一只白猫The black and the white cats are hers.这只黑猫和白猫都是他的2) 如后一个形容词无冠词，则指一物He raises a black and white cat.他养了一只花猫11十一. 冠词位置1) 不定冠词位置不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前a. 位于下列形容词之后：such，what，many，halfI have never seen such an animal.Many a man is fit for the job.b. 当名词前的形容词被副词as, so, too, how, however, enough修饰时，不定冠词应放在形容词之后It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent.So short a time.Too long a distance.c. quite，rather与单数名词连用，冠词放在其后但当rather，quite 前仍有形容词，不定冠词放其前后均可。

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小升初英语语法与必背知识点

小升初英语语法与必背知识点

小升初英语语法与必背知识点引言小升初对学生英语语法和必背知识点的要求越来越高。

掌握好英语语法和背诵必备知识点将会给学生在英语考试中赢得主动。

本文将介绍一些小升初英语语法和必背知识点，希望能帮助同学们在备战英语考试中有所收获。

1. 时态1.1 一般现在时一般现在时表示习惯性行为、经常性动作或客观事实等。

示例： - I go to school every day. - The sun rises in the east.1.2 一般过去时一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

示例： - We visited our grandparents last weekend. - Jane played the piano when she was young.1.3 一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间或将来经常或定期发生的动作。

示例： - They will have a meeting tomorrow. - I am going to study hard for the exam next week.2. 代词2.1 主格代词主格代词在句子中作主语或表语。

示例： - He is my friend. - We are students.2.2 宾格代词宾格代词在句子中作宾语或介词的宾语。

示例： - I like her. - They are talking to me.3.1 基数词基数词表示数量，例如：one, two, three等。

示例： - There are four chairs in the room. - I have two sisters.3.2 序数词序数词表示顺序或序列，例如：first, second, third等。

示例： - This is the third time I have been here. - She came in second in the race.4. 形容词4.1 定冠词和不定冠词定冠词“the”用于特指某个事物，而不定冠词“a”和“an”用于泛指一类事物。

小升初衔接英语知识点总结

小升初衔接英语知识点总结

小升初衔接英语知识点总结一、语法知识点1. 过去时态和现在完成时：过去时态表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态，通常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week等。

现在完成时表示过去某个时间开始，并一直延续到现在的动作或状态。

常常用于讲述经历，强调动作与现在的联系。

例句：过去时：I played football with my friends yesterday.现在完成时：I have lived in this city for 10 years.2. 过去进行时和过去完成时：过去进行时表示过去某个时间进行的动作，强调过去某个时间点正在进行的动作。

过去完成时表示过去某个时间已经完成的动作，常和表示另一个过去时间的时间状语连用。

例句：过去进行时：I was reading a book at this time yesterday.过去完成时：By the time I arrived, they had already left.3. 定冠词和不定冠词的用法：定冠词the用于特指某个事物，不定冠词a或an用于泛指某个事物，其规则和用法需在实际应用中进行灵活掌握。

例句：I have a pet cat.The cat is sleeping on the sofa.二、单词拼写和词汇运用1. 认识一些常见的英文词汇，如家庭成员的称呼、食物、动物、天气、身体部位、交通工具等。

2. 熟练掌握一些常见的英文短语，例如问候用语、日常交际用语、描述天气的词语等。

3. 掌握一些常见的英文俚语和谚语，能够在日常生活中使用，更加接地气。

三、阅读理解能力1. 能够理解简单的英文文章和故事，提炼出文章的主旨和重要信息。

2. 能够根据文章内容回答问题，理解上下文的逻辑关系。

3. 能够理解一些常见的英文广告和宣传语，对其中的信息和宣传手法进行初步分析。

四、口语表达和听力能力1. 能够用英语进行简单的自我介绍，并且表达自己的基本情况、兴趣爱好、家庭情况等。

小升初英语语法知识点大全

小升初英语语法知识点大全

小升初英语语法知识点大全一、动词时态1. 一般现在时：表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。

例如：I go to school every day.2. 现在进行时：表示正在进行的动作。

例如：She is reading a book.3. 一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。

例如：I watched a movie yesterday.4. 过去进行时：表示过去正在进行的动作。

例如：They were playing football at 3 p.m. yesterday.5. 将来时：表示将来要发生的动作。

例如：We will visit Beijing next week.6. 过去将来时：表示过去一些时间要发生的动作。

例如：I said that I would go to the park tomorrow.7. 完成时态：表示动作已完成或在过去的一些时间点之前已完成。

例如：We have finished our homework.二、名词1. 可数名词和不可数名词：可数名词指可以计数的名词，如书（books），而不可数名词指不能计数的名词，如水（water）。

2. 单数名词和复数名词：单数名词指一个，而复数名词指多个。

例如：book（书）→books（书籍）。

3. 可数名词的复数形式：许多词在复数时需进行变位，如cat（猫）→cats（猫）、baby（婴儿）→babies（婴儿）。

4. 不可数名词的用法与数量表示：不可数名词无复数形式，不能与数词或a/an连用。

对于不可数名词表示的量，需使用量词或具体表示数量的词语，如a bottle of water、a cup of tea。

三、形容词和副词1. 形容词用法：形容词修饰名词，用来描述名词的性质或特征。

例如：a big dog（一只大狗）。

2. 形容词的比较级和最高级：形容词的比较级用于表示两个人或物之间的比较，如taller（更高），而最高级则用于表示三个或三个以上人或物之间的比较，如the tallest（最高的）。

小升初英语语法大全

小升初英语语法大全

小升初英语语法大全一、名词表示某一事物;有具体的和抽象的之分..分为可数名词和不可数名词..强调：不可数名词都默认为单数;所以总是用is或者was；最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断;以免受误导..1、可数名词如何变“复数形式”：a．一般情况下;直接加-s;如：book-books; bag-bags; cat-cats; bed-beds ；读音：清辅音后读s;浊辅音和元音后读z..b．以s. x. sh. ch结尾;加-es;如：bus-buses; box-boxes; brush-brushes; watch-watches ；读音：iz..c．以“辅音字母+y”结尾;变y为i; 再加-es;如：family-families; strawberry-strawberries ；读音：z.. d．以“f或fe”结尾;变f或fe为v; 再加-es;如：knife-knives ;thief-thieves；读音：z..e．以“o”结尾的词;分两种情况1有生命的+es 读音：z 如：mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes2 无生命的+s 读音：z 如：photo-photos radio-radiosf. 不规则名词复数：man-men; woman-women; policeman-policemen; policewoman-policewomen; snowman-snowmen; mouse-mice; child-children; foot-feet; tooth-teeth; fish-fish;people-people; Chinese-Chinese; Japanese-Japanese2、不可数名词没有复数..如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量;就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”..例如：a glass of water; a piece of paper; a bottle of juice判断步骤：↗如是am、is或was→原形读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看be动词↘如是are或were→加s或es练一练：1、写出下列各词的复数..I _________ him _________ this _______ her ______ watch _______ mango_______child_______ photo ________ diary ______ day________ foot________ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______ box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______ engineer______ peach______sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ leaf_______ people________2、用所给名词的正确形式填空..1Are there two box on the table2I can see some people in the cinema.3How many day are there in a week4Here’re five bottle of juice for you.5This violin is hers. Those grape are over there.二、冠词冠词是一种虚词;不能独立使用;通常放在名词的前面;分为“不定冠词”和“定冠词”两种..1、不定冠词：a、an..用在单数名词前;表示“一个;一件……”..an用在以元音“音素”开头的单词前..如：an e-mail; an orange; an old man; an English watch; an hour…2、定冠词：the..用在单数或者复数名词前..the没有具体意思;有时翻译为这、那..它的基本用法：1用来表示特指某些人或某些事物..如：The map on the wall is new.2表示说话者双方都知道的人或事物..如：Look at the picture; please.3表示再次提到前面谈过的人或事物..如：This is a stamp. The stamp is beautiful.4用在表示世界上独一无二的事物前..如：the sun太阳the moon月亮the earth地球5用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前..如：the Great Wall长城6用在江河、湖海等专有名词前..如：the Changjiang River长江7此外;序数词、形容词最高级、乐器名称等词前面和一些习惯用语中一般都用定冠词the..如：the first day; the best boy; play the piano; in the same class确定用a、an还是the时可根据汉语意思..练一练：1、用a或an填空..____ “U” ____ ice-cream ____ goalkeeper ____ teapot____apple____office ____English book ____umbrella ____unit____hour2、根据需要;填写冠词a;an或the..1Who is ____girl behind ____tree2 ____old man has two children; ____ son and ____daughter.3This is ____ orange. ____ orange is L ucy’s.4He likes playing ____guitar. We have ____same hobby.5We all had____good time last Sunday.6She wants to be____doctor.三，数词我们学过两类：基数词和序数词..基数用于表示数量多少;而基数词用于表示次序;常在日期中出现..区别：基数词前面没有“the”；序数词前一定要有“the”..1、超过二十以上的两位数需要在个位和十位之间加上“-”..如：21 twenty-one2、三位数以上的则需要在百位数后再加上and..如：101 a/one hundred and one3、用基数词来修饰可数名词时;一定别忘了它的复数形式..如：十八个男孩eighteen boys4、用基数词修饰不可数名词时;如是复数;变它的量词为复数..如：两碗米饭two bowls of rice5、序数词一般加“th”;特殊的有：first; second; third; fifth; eighth; ninth; twelfth以及二十及二十以外的整十：twentieth; t hirtieth; fortieth… “第几十几”：前面整十不变;后面“几”改为序数词..如：88 eighty-eighth练一练：1、请翻译下列短语..160名学生215本英语书3九杯凉水44个孩子512月31 66月2日7第九周840年前911+7 10上学第一天2、把下列基数词改成序数词..one--- two--- three---nine---fourteen--- twenty--- thirty-five---eighty-one四、代词代词有两种：人称代词和物主代词..1、人称代词分为：第一、第二、第三人称;且有单复数之分..2、人称代词的主格在句中做主语;一般用在动词前疑问句除外；宾格在句中做宾语;多用于动词、介词后..3、形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用;后面一定要跟名词;表示该名词是属于谁的..4、名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词..如：This is my bag. = This is mine. That is her ruler. = That is hers.一般看后面有没有名词;如有;就用形容词性物主代词；如无;就用名词性物主代词..请牢记下表：练一练：1、按要求写出相应人称代词..I宾格_______ she形容词性物主代词_______ we名词性物主代词_______ he复数_______ us单数_______ theirs主格_______ its宾格_______2、想一想;把下表补充完整..3、用所给词的适当形式填空..1That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small; but _________ is very big. I2The dress is _________. Give it to _________. she3Is this _________ watch you No; it’s not _________ . I4_________ is my brother. ________ name is Jack. Look Those stamps are _________. he5_________ dresses are red. we What colour are _________ you6Show _________ your kite; OK they7I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. it8Are these ________ tickets N o; ________ are not _________. ________ aren’t here. they9Shall _________ have a look at that classroom That is _________ classroom. we10_________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job _________is a nurse. she11Where are _________ I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. they12Don’t touch _________. _________is not a cat; _________ is a tiger it13_________ sister is ill. Please go and see _________. she14The girl behind _________ is our friend. she五、形容词、副词1、形容词表示某一事物或人的特征;副词表示某一动作的特征..形容词和副词有三种形式：原形、比较级、最高级..比较级：+er 最高级：the …+est两个重要特征：as……as中间一定用原形;than的前面一定要+er..2、形容词、副词比较级的规则变化如下：1一般直接+er..如：tall - taller; fast - faster 单音节词如果以-e结尾;只加-r..如：late - later2重读闭音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母;须双写这个字母;再加-er..如：big - bigger; fat - fatter3以辅音字母加-y结尾的词;变y为i;再加-er..如：heavy - heavier; early - earlier4双音节和多音节词的比较级应在原级前加more构成..如：beautiful - more beautiful;careful - more careful; quietly - more quietly; interesting - more interesting5有些不规则变化的;须逐一加以记忆..如：good/well – better; bad/ill – worse; many/much – more; far –farther/further; old –older/elder…练一练：1、写出下列形容词、副词的比较级..big good long talloldshort thin heavy youngfatlight strong high farlowearly late well fastslow2、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空..1 I can swim as _______ fast as the fish; I think.2 Look His hands are _______ big than mine.3 I think you do these things_______ well than your classmates.4 Whose bag is _______ heavy ; yours or mine5 Does Jim run as _______slow as David Yes; but Mike runs_______ slow than them.6 You have seven books; but I have _______ many than you. I ha ve ten.7 I jump _______ far than some of the boys in my class.8 I’m very_______ thin ; but s he’s _______ thin than me.9 It gets _______and_______ warm when spring comes here.六、介词1、一种虚词..不能单独作句子成分;它只有跟它后面的宾语一起构成介词短语;才能在句子中起作用.. 有：in; on; under; with; behind; about; near; before; after; for; to; up; down; from; in front of; out of; from…to…; at the back of…2、表示时间的介词有：at; on; in..1at表示“在某一个具体的时间点上”;或用在固定词组中..如：at ten o’clock; at 9:30 a.m.; at night; at the weekend…2on表示“在某日或某日的时间段”..如：on Friday; on the first of October; on Monday morning…3in表示“在某一段时间月份、季节里”..如：in the afternoon;in Sept ember; in summer; in 2005…3、in一词还有其他的固定搭配;如：in blue穿着蓝色的衣服;in English用英语表达;take part in参加..练一练：1、选用括号内恰当的介词填空..1 What’s this _______ at; on; in English2 Christmas is _______ at; on; in the 25th of December.3 The man_______ with; on; in black is Su Hai’s father.4 He doesn’t do well _______ at; on; in PE.5 Look at those birds _______ on; in the tree.6 We are going to meet _______ at; on; in the bus stop _______ at; on; in half past ten.7 Is there a cat _______ under; behind; in the door8 Helen’s writing paper is _______ in; in front of her computer.9 We live _______ at; on; in a new house now.10 Does it often rain _______ at; on; in spring there2、圈出下列句子中运用不恰当的介词;并将正确的答案写在横线上..1 Jim is good in English and Maths.2 The films were in the ground just now.3 They are talking to their plans.4 How many students have their birthdays on May5 Women’s Day is at the third of March.6 I can jog to school on the morning.7 Did you water trees at the farm 8 Can you come and help me on my English9 I usually take photos in Sunday morning. 10 What did you do on the Spring Festival七、动词这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称;其中包括be动词、情态动词、助动词、行为动词就是我们平时总说的那种动词..动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分;如不能一眼看出;可用如下方法：先用“一量词”如：一个、一张等和这个词连起来说;如说得通;一般认为是名词；说不通再用“很”去判断;就是把“很”和为个词连起来说;说得通一般就是形容词；都说不通就是动词..目前我们学过的;以后可能不同另外一些很明显的;如人称代词、数词、情态动词等一下就可以知道1、be动词am; is; are; was; were1am—was; is –was; are--were 口诀：我用am; 你用are; is用在他她它;所有复数全用are..2肯定和否定句I am not from London. He isnot a teacher. She isnot in the dining room. My hair isnot long. Her eyes arenot small.3一般疑问句Am I a Chinese Yes; you are. No; you aren’t. Are they American Yes; they are. No; theya ren’t.Is the cat fat Yes; it is. No; it isn’t.4be动词的否定形式：am not没有缩写形式;are not = aren’t ;is not = isn’t ..用恰当的be动词填空..练一练：1、用be动词的适当形式填空..1I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy No; I _____ not. 2The girl______ Jack's sister.3The dog _______ tall and fat. 4The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.5______ your brother in the classroom 6How _______ your father7Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school. 8Whose dress ______ this9Whose socks ______ they 10Who ______ I11The jeans ______ on the desk.12Here ______ a scarf for you. 13Here ______ some sweaters for you. 14The black gloves ______ for Su Yang. 15This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling. 16The two cups of milk _____ for me. 17Some tea ______ in the glass.18Gao shan's shirt _______ over there. 19My sister's name ______Nancy.20______ David and Helen from England 21There ______ a girl in the room.22There ______ some apples on the tree. 23_______ there any apple juice in the bottle 24There _______ some bread on the plate. 25You; he and I ______ from China.26There _______ a boy; two girls; three men and ten women in the park.2、助动词do; does; diddo; does用于一般现在时;其过去式did用于一般过去时..它们通常用在疑问句和否定句中..它们的否定形式：do not = don’t; does not = doesn’t; did not = didn’t..注意：在一般现在时中;does用于第三人称单数;其余一律用助动词do；助动词do; does; did后面一定要用动词原形..练1、用适当的助动词填空..1 ______you like this magazine2 The girl______like bread for breakfast.3 ---What ______ she ______ at the weekends ---She usually plays games with her friends.4 ---Wha______ you do last Sunday ---I wrote to my friend.5 ---Did you see a Beijing opera ---No; I ______.6 He ______not visit a farm last National Day holiday.7 They______ not like playing volleyball.8 --- ______Jim have a picnic with his family every Saturday ---Yes; he .9 ______Helen and Yang Ling go to school on foot every day10 ---How many kites ______we have ---We have ten.2、找出下列句子中的错误;将序号填入题前括号内;并改正..1 Did you had a big lunch with your family last Spring FestivalA B C2 ---What do the boy have in his pencil-box ---He has a rubber.A B C3 They doesn’t like the film.A B C4 Do Jim get up at six everydayA B C5 Don't giving the ball to Liu Tao.A B C3、情态动词情态动词也是一类特殊的动词;平时我们不把它说成是动词..情态动词可以和行为动词同时出现在同一个句子中..我们现在学过的情态动词有：can、could、shall、should、will、would、may、might 、must..注意：情态动词后动词总是用原形..不受其他任何条件影响其否定形式：can not = can’t; must not = mustn’t; … 注意：may not和shall not无缩写形式练一练：选择填空..1 The sign on the wall means you ______stay away from the building.A. mustB. can’tC. shouldn't2 How many books ______ you see on the desk A. may B. can C. should3 It means you ______ make noise in the library. A. should B.. shouldn't C. can4 --- ______you like a glass of milk --- Yes; please. A. May B. Could C. Would5 --- ______you see the sign over there --- Sorry; I can’t. A. Can B. Can’t C. Should6 ______ we go to the park by bus A. May B. Must C. Shall4、行为动词就是我们平时上课时说的动词;表示某一动作或行为..如：sweep、live等..行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式：原形、第三人称单数+s/es、现在分词也叫动名词+ing、过去式+ed..1动词第三人称单数变化规则：A、一般直接加“s”;如：play – plays; visit – visits; speak – speaks ；B、以“s”;“x”;“sh”;“ch”结尾时;加“es”;如：catch – catches; watch – watches ；C、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时;变“y”为“i”再加“es”;如：carry – carries; study – studies ..2现在分词动名词构成规则：A、一般直接加“ing”;如：go – going; do – doing; look – looking ；B、以不发音的“e”结尾的单词;去“e” 加“ing”;如：take – taking; make – making; have – having ；C、以重读闭音节结尾的词;如末尾只有一个辅音字母;需要双写这个字母再加“ing”;如：put – putting; stop – stopping; run – running; get – getting; swim – swimming; sit – sitting; begin – beginning; jog – jogging; forget – forgetting ..3过去式构成规则：A、一般直接加“ed”;如：plant – planted; visit – visited; pick – picked ；B、以不发音字母“e”结尾;直接加“ed”;如：like – liked; hope – hoped; taste – tasted ；C、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时;变“y”为“i”再加“ed”;如：try – tried; carry – carried; study – studied ；D、有些动词要双写最后一个字母;再加“ed”;如：stop – stopped ；E、还有很多动词的过去式是不规则的;请记忆：是-ambe-was-being；是-arebe-were-being；是-be-was; were-being；成为-become-became-becoming；开始-begin-began-beginning；弯曲-bend-bent-bending；吹-blow-blew-blowing；买-buy-bought-buying；能-can-could-----；捕捉-catch-caught-catching；选择-choose-chose-choosing；来-come-came-coming；切-cut-cut-cutting；做-do; does-did-doing；画-draw-drew-drawing；饮-drink-drank-drinking；吃-eat-ate-eating；感觉-feel-felt-feeling；发现-find-found-finding；飞-fly-flew-flying；忘记-forget-forgot-forgetting；得到-get-got-getting；给-give-gave-giving；走-go-went-going；成长-grow-grew-growing；有-have; has-had-having；听-hear-heard-hearing；受伤-hurt-hurt-hurting；保持-keep-kept-keeping；知道-know-knew-knowing；学习-learn-learned; learnt-learning；允许;让-let-let-letting；躺-lie-lay-lying；制造-make-made-making；可以-may-might----；意味-mean-meant-meaning；会见-meet-met-meeting；必须-must-must----；放置-put-put-putting；读-read-read-reading；骑、乘-ride-rode-riding；响、鸣-ring-rang-ringing；跑-run-ran-running；说-say-said-saying；看见-see-saw-seeing；将-shall-should----；唱歌-sing-sang-singing；坐下-sit-sat-sitting；睡觉-sleep-slept-sleeping；说-speak-spoke-speaking；度过-spend-spent-spending ..练一练：1、写出下列动词的第三人称单数..drink __________go ____________stay __________make __________look __________have _________pass __________carry __________come ___________watch __________plant _________fly ________ study ________brush _________do ___________teach____________ take__________ see__________2、写出下列动词的现在分词..put __________give __________fly _________get ________dance ________sit_________ run ________ plant _________take ___________swim _________ask ___________stop __________take _________write __________have __________smoke _________ think__________ want__________ tell__________3、写出下列动词的过去式..is\am _________fly _______plant ________are ________drink _________play _______go ________make ________does _________dance ________worry ___________ask ________taste _________eat __________draw ________put ______throw ________kick _________pass _______do ________4、用动词的适当形式填空..1I ______to school from Monday to Friday. My brother often _______to school with me. Yesterday we_______to school together. We like ________to school very much. go2They usually _______lunch at home. But last week; they ____lunch at school. have3That______my English book. It _____new. But now it _____not here. It ______there a moment ago. be4My sister likes ________very much. She often _______at our school festival. Last term; she _______a lot of songs in the school hall. She _____beautifully. sing5What _____ he usually ______on Sunday He usually ______his homework. LookHe __________his homework now. ______he _______his homework last SundayYes; he_______. do6Do people usually_______ moon cakes at Mid-autumn Festival Yes; they do. Did you _______moon cakes last Mid-autumn Festival Yes; I did. I _______a lot of delicious moon cakes. eat八、there/here be结构1、there be结构表示“某时、某地存在着什么事物或人”;包括there is、there are、there was、there were.. here be结构与它类似;用法也完全相同;只不过是表示“这里存在着什么事物或人”..2、和have、has、had的区别：1There be 句型表示：在某地有某物或人；而have、has、had表示：某人拥有某物..2在there be 句型中;主语是单数;be 动词用is；主语是复数;be 动词用are；如有几件物品;be 动词根据最近be 动词的那个名词决定——“就近原则”..3there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not ; 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首..4there be句型与havehas 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物或人；havehas 表示某人拥有某物.. 5some和any在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句; any 用于否定句或疑问句..6and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句; or 用于否定句或疑问句..7针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：How many + 名词复数+ are there + 介词短语How much + 不可数名词+ is there + 介词短语8针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：What’s + 介词短语9There be结构一般用在句子的开头;而have等词只能用于某一个主语后面..练一练：1、用恰当的be动词填空..1 There ______ four seasons in a year.2 There ______not any trees two years ago.3 --- ______there a post office near your school ---Yes; there ______.4 ---How many stops ______there ---There______only one.5 There ______not any stamps on the envelope.6 ______ there any birds in the tree7 There______ a shopping centre near our school last year. But now there______ no one.8 There ______only three of us: my dad; my mum and me.9 Here ______some bread for you.10 In New York; there ______ a lot of rain in spring.2、选用“have; has; had; there is; there are; there was; there were”填空..1 I ______a good father and a good mother.2 ______ a telescope on the desk.3 He ______a tape-recorder.4 ______a basketball in the playground.5 They ______ a nice garden.6 My father ______ a story-book last year.7 ______a reading-room in the building8 What does Mike ______9 ______any books in the bookcase10 How many students ______in the classroom11 ______a story-book on the table a moment ago.12 What do you ______13 My parents ______ some nice pictures.14 ______ some maps on the wall.15 ______ a map of the world on the wall.16 David’s friends ______ some tents.17 __________ many children on the hill.九、some;any的用法some用于肯定句；any用于否定句和一般疑问句..请注意看例句后扩号中说明的用法..例：There is some water in the glass. 肯定句There are some flowers in the garden. 肯定句There aren’t any lamp s in the study.否定句Are there any maps on the wall 一般疑问句Would you like some orange juice 希望得到肯定回答Do you want to take any photos at the party 一般疑问句练一练：选用some或any填空..1 There isn’t ______milk in the fridge.2 I can see______cars; but I can’t see______buses.3 He has ______ friends in England.4 Were there ______fruit trees on the farm5 Here are ______presents for you.6 Does Tom want to take ______ photos7 Is there______rice in the kitchen 8 There are______new buildings in our school.9---Would you like______ cakes ---No; I’d not like ______cakes; but I’d like ______coffee.10 ---Are there______pictures on the wall ---No; there aren’t ______pictures.十、动词不定式1、to加动词原形构成一种非谓语形式;在这里不是介词;无词义..如：I want to make a New Year card. 我想制作一张新年贺卡..Would you like to have a picnic with us 你愿意和我们一起去野餐吗2、to保留原来动词的一些特征;它可以带自己的宾语和状语等..如：To get there faster; you can take bus No.5. 想快一点到那儿;你可以坐5路车..3、to前有时带疑问词what; when; where; which; why; how等..如：He’s asking Yang Ling how to get there. 他正在问杨玲怎样到达那里..总而言之;一定要记住：to后面用动词原形..练一练：1、用扩号中所给动词的适当形式填空..1 People would like________ go to farms in the countryside.2 It’s time ________ have lunch3 I want ________ buy some presents for my friends.4 The thief began ________ run .5 Please shouw me how________ go to the shopping centre.6 Would you like ________ join us7 Don’t forget________ write “Happy New Year”.8 She was very glad________ see them.9 Please remember________ close the windows before you go home.10 I’m sorry________ hear that.2、圈出下列句子中的错误;并改正..1 Would you like go camping with us2 Helen; show ux how drawing a square.3 I want to writes a letter to my penfriend.4 It’s time for us go to school.5 Liu Tao wants to showing Peter’s photos to his mum.十一、动名词其实就是动词的“现在分词”..它既有“名词性质”可作主语;又具有动词性质可带宾语..如：Please keep quiet in the reading room. 还有我们的一些课题：Asking the way中是“名词性质”；My hobby is collecting stamps.中是“动词性质”;带了宾语stamps.1、remember记住后面跟动名词;表示“记得做过某事”；跟to+动词原形;表示“记得要去做某事”..如：I remember posting the letter today. 我记得今天把信寄走了..Please remember to post the letter today. 请记住今天要把信寄走..2、forget忘记后面跟动名词;表示“忘记做过某事实际做过”；跟to+动词原形;表示“忘记去做某事实际没做”..如：I forget doing homework this morning. 我忘记今天早上做过作业了..I forget to do homework this morning. 我忘记今天早上做作业了..3、stop停止后面跟动名词;表示“停止做某事”；跟to+动词原形;表示“停止正在做的事;而去做别的事”..如：Stop smoking; please. 请不要吸烟..We are tired. Let’s stop to have a rest. 我们累了;让我们停下来休息一下..4、like喜欢后面跟动名词;表示一个人的爱好和习惯;意思是“喜欢干某事”；跟to+动词原形;常用于would like to do something;表示“某人想要、愿意干某事”..如：I like taking a walk after supper every day. 我喜欢每天晚饭后去散步..I would like to have some chips. 我想要吃些薯条..练一练：1、用扩号内所给动词的适当形式填空..1 _________ swim is not as fast as running.2 It’s sunny today. Let’s go _________ fish .3 Do you like_________ read English in the morning4 Are you good at _________ dance5 Where is the _________ shop centre6 Would you like to go _________ jog with me7 My hobby is _________ play football.8 Su Hai likes _________ watch cartoons on Sundays.2、选择扩号内动词的适当形式填空..1 I’m sorry _________ hearing; to hear that.2 Jim is good at_________ swimming; to swim .3 Shall we go_________ skating; to skate4 Today; my work is _________ looking; to look after the baby.5 I’m going _________ flying; to fly a kite in the playground.6 I like _________ playing; to play basketball after school.7 Would you like_________ going; to go to the Great Wall8 Jim is asking Liu Tao how ________ getting; to get to the History Museum.十二、时间和日期的表达1、有两种时间表达法：A直接读写数词..如：9:15 nine fifteen 10:30 ten thirty 11:45 eleven forty-five7:05 seven o five 2:25 two twenty-five 5:55 five fifty-fiveB借助past和to来表达..past一般用于30分钟以内含30分钟的时间表达；to一般用于超过30分钟的时间表达..一刻钟可以用a quarter表示;半小时可以用half表示..如：9:15 a quarter past nine 10:30 half past ten 11:45 a quarter to twelve7:05 five past seven 2:25 twenty-five past two 5:55 five to six注意：询问时间可用句型“What’s the time ”或者“What time is it ”..2、日期的表达：the+序数词+of+月份..如：the third of June六月三日注意：询问日期可用句型“What date is it today ”或者“What’s the date today ”..练一练：1、用两种方法表达下列时间..6:45 1:589:05 3:225:50 8:302、用英语表达下列日期..五月一日九月十日三月八日四月五日七月九日八月三日一月十五日六月二日十二月二十五日3、同义句转换;每空一词..1 ---What’s the time ---It’s eleven forty-five.--- ___________is it ---It’s ___________ .2 It’s seven o five. It’s time for breakfast.It’s___________. It’s time ___________.3 ---What’s the date today ---It’s 1st October.--- ___________is it today ---It’s ___________十三、名词所有格1、有生命的名词所有格：A单数后加“ ’s ”;如：Su Hai’s twin sister苏海的双胞胎妹妹Jim’s family吉姆的一家B以“ s ”结尾的复数名词;只需加“ ’ ”;如：Teachers’ Day教师节the twins’ parentsC不以“ s ”结尾的复数名词;则仍需加“ ’s ”;如：Children’s Day儿童节注意：表示两人或几人共有的物品;只需在最后一人名后加“ ’s ”;如：Ben and Jim’s book2、无生命的名词所有格;一般与“ of ”构成短语..如：a photo of his family 他家的一张照片the colour of her skirt 她的短裙的颜色练一练：翻译下列词组：大卫的叔叔我妹妹的邮票妇女节老师们的办公室他笔友的信这本书的名字双胞胎的书房孩子们的爱好邮局的大门十四、句子的种类练一练：1、填入适当的疑问词..1 _______wallet is it It’s mine.2 _______is the Christmas Day It’s on the 25th of December.3 _______is the diary It’s under the chair.4 _______ is the boy in blue He’s Mike.5 _______are the earphones They are 25 yuan.6 _______is the hair dryer It’s blue.7 _______is it today It’s Sunday.8 _______was it yesterday It was the 13th of October.9 _______this red one It’s beautiful.10 _______is it from here It’s about 2 kilometres away.11 A: Can I have some paper and some crayons B: _______ A: I want to make a kite.12 _______is your cousin He’s 15years old.13 _______ do you have dinner At 6 o’clock.14 _______one is fatter; the blue one or the red one The blue one.2、对划线部分提问..1 I can see eight rubbers in the box._______ _______ _______ can_______see in the box 2 My father is fine today._______ _____ your father today3 Liu Tao is playing football in the playground._______ ____ Liu Tao _______ in the playground4 The films were on the ground._______ _______ the films5 The girl with big eyes is my sister’s friend._______ _____ _______ sister’s friend6 My birthday is on the 9th of September._______ _____ your birthday7 I’d like a nice cake for breakfast._______ _____ _______ like for breakfast8 That’s Nancy’s skirt._______ _______ is that3、按要求改写句子..1 It’s a book.改为一般疑问句___ it a _______2 My father is in the study.对划线部分提问_______ is _______ father3 Do you watch TV every Sunday 做肯定回答_______ ; I _______.4 This picture is beautiful.改为以what引导的感叹句What ___ __________picture5 Open the door for him.改为否定句_______ open ___ ___ for _______6 I have a big present.对划线部分提问_______ do you _______肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答He is running now. He isn’t running now. ---Is he running now---Yes; he is. / No; he isn’t.They are making a puppet. They aren’t making a puppet. ---Are they making a puppet---Yes; they are. / No; they aren’t.7 There are some orange trees.改为单数句子There _______ _______ orange _______ .8 we are going to see a Beijing opera.对划线部分提问What _______you _______ ____ do9 He has some questions.改为一般疑问句_______ he _______ _______ questions10 They visited their relatives and friends last Spring Festival.改为一般疑问句_____ they _______ their relatives and friends last Spring Festival十五、时态1、一般现在时A、当谓语是be动词时;构成为：主语+be动词am; is; are +其他..如：I am a student.B、当谓语是行为动词时;构成有两种：1主语非第三人称单数+动词原形+其他..如：We often watch TV at the weekends.2主语第三人称单数+动词第三人称单数形式+其他..如：Jim usually goes to the park on Sundays.C、句型变换：肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答They watch TV at six everyday. They don’t watch TV at six everyday.---Do they watch TV at six everyday.---Yes; they do. / No; they don’t.She watches TV at six everyday. She doesn’t watch TV at six everyday.---Does she watch TV at six everyday.---Yes; she does. / No; she doesn’t.练一练：A、用括号内动词的适当形式填空..1 He often ______ have dinner at home.2 Daniel and Tommy ______ be in Class One.3 We ______ not watch TV on Monday.4 Nick ______ not go to the zoo on Sunday.5 ____they ______ like the World Cup6 There be some water in the bottle.7 ____your parents _____ read newspapers every day8 Mike______ like cooking.9 You always ______ do your homework well. 10 They ______ have the same hobby.11 My aunt ______ look after her baby carefully. 12 Liu Tao ______ do not like PE.13 She and I ______ take a walk together every evening.B、按要求转换句子;每空一词..1 Tom likes playing basketball with his friends. 改成否定句Tom_____ ______ playing basketball with his friends.2 David’s parents often take a walk after supper. 改为一般疑问句并作出否定回答--- ______David’s parents often ______ a walk after supper --- No; ______ ______.3 They usually watch TV. 对划线部分提问______ ______ they usually ______4 She is always a good student. 改为一般疑问句并作出肯定回答--- ___ ______ always a ______ student --- ______ ; ______ ______ .5 Simon and Daniel like going skating. 改为否定句Simon and Daniel ______ ______ going ______.2、现在进行时A、构成形式：主语+be动词+动词的ing形式+其他..B、判断依据：句中往往有now、look、listen等词..注意：千万不要忘了一定得有be动词..C、句型变换：练一练：A、用所给的动词的正确形式填空..1 The boy ______ ______ draw a picture now.2 What______you ______ do now3 Listen. Some girls ______ ______ sing in the classroom.4 My mother ______ ______ cook some nice food now.5 Look. They ______ ______ have an English lesson.6 They ______ ______ not water the flowers now.7 Look the girls ______ ______ dance in the classroom .8 What is our granddaughter doing She ______ ______ listen to music.9 ______ Helen ______ wash clothes Yes; she is .B、根据中文;完成句子;每空一词..1 刘涛的父亲正在浇花..Liu Tao’s father is ______ ______.2 看;孩子们正在操场上踢足球..Look The children ______ ______ ______ in the playground.3 她正在公园里散步吗是的..--- _____ she______a walk in the park ---Yes; she______.4 Jack正在哪读书在他书房..--- ______ ______ Jack ______ the book now ---He is______ ___ ___ ______.3、一般过去时A、构成形式：主语+动词的过去式+其他..注意：没有be动词的否定句和疑问句中;用didn’t否定和用did提问后;动词一定要用原形..B、判断依据：1be动词是was、were；2动词加ed；3有表示过去的时间状语;现在学过的常用的表示过去的时间状语有：just now;a moment;yesterday;last week;last night;last weekend;last year;last month;three days ago;two weeks ago;five years ago…。