第二部分 语法专题突破
专题八 动词和动词短语
Ⅰ. 单项填空
动 词
1. (2019江西)You’ll have to ________ the books because there aren’t enough for everyone.
A. pack B. sell C. choose D. share
2. (2019天津)We should________ making a noise in the library.
A. avoid B. prefer C. practise D. enjoy
3. (2019无锡)—I’m going to add some tomato sauce to the salad, if you don’t ________．
—Not at all. Go ahead.
A. care B. agree C. mind D. insist
4. (2019宜昌)—Did you________the International Marathon in Lan Zhou on June 2，2019?
—Of course. How exciting!
A. watch B. review C. suppose D. discover
5. (2019本溪)—Look at the dark clouds, and the wind is blowing strongly.
—It ________ that a big storm is coming.
A. sounds B. seems C. feels D. smells
6. (2019铁岭)The cover of the book ________ comfortable. It’s made of silk.
A. tastes B. feels C. looks D. sounds
透析中考英语语法情态动词考点
【情态动词命题趋势与预测】
根据对情态动词部分在全国各地中考试题的分析可知，今后该部分将是重点考查点之一。其考查重点为：
1、情态动词在一般疑问句中的问与答
2、情态动词表示猜测的用法
3、will与shall的用法
4、dare与need的用法
【考点诠释】
一、考查情态动词的基本用法
一些情态动词的常用的意义往往为高考考查的焦点，考生须准确理解其含义并根据句子意思选择正确的情态动词。
1．must和have to
两者都表示“必须”的意思，但must含有说话人主观上的看法、态度；have to则表示客观上的需要。
【考例】--Must we finish giving out the posters today?
--Yes, we _______. It can't be put off any longer. [太原市]
A. can B. may C. must
[答案]C。[解析] 此题考查情态动词的用法。回答由must引起的一般疑问句，其肯定答语要用must，不能用can或may。故选C。
-I didn't pass the math test. I think I have spent too much time playing computer games recently.
--I agree. You __ play like that any more. [河南省]
A. needn't B. mustn't C. may not D. wouldn't
[答案]B。[解析] 此处选mustn't。表示“一定不能”“千万不能”，用较强的语气来提醒对方不能再玩游戏了。
When traffic lights are red. We _________stop and wait. [南京市]
第九章 动词概说
思维导图
知识梳理
一、实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词
动词是表示动作、状态或性质等的词,根据其词义及在句中的作用可分为实义动词(亦称行为动词)、连系动词、助动词和情态动词四大类.
(一)实义动词
实义动词又称为行为动词,表示动作或状态,有完整的词义,在句中能独立作谓语.实义动词又可分为及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.).
1.及物动词,它后面必须跟宾语才有完整的意义
I like none of the books.这些书我全不喜欢.
I know little about the subject.我对这个问题知道得很少.
She killed the locust with a newspaper.她用张报纸把蝗虫打死了.
I gave him some books.我给了他几本书.
He often reads an English book.他经常看英文书.
注意
及物动词可用于被动语态.
2.不及物动词本身意思完整,其后无须跟宾语
My father often comes back late.我父亲经常晚回来.
The sun shone brightly this morning.今天早晨阳光灿烂. 不及物动词不能直接接名词,如果要接名词,要在动词和名词之间加介词或副词.
I looked for my watch every place but I didn't find it.我到处找我的表,但是没找到.
I'll wait for you until eight o'clock.我将等你到八点钟.
有一些动词既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词.如何区别它们,就看它们后面是否直接接名词作宾语.
She sings very well.她歌唱得很好.(用作不及物动词)
She sings English songs very well.她唱英语歌唱得很好.(用作及物动词)
中考英语：动词及动词短语
考点一 常见易混动词辨析
1．spend/pay/cost/take表示“花费”spend主语是人，指花费时间和金钱。spend... on...; spend... (in) doing sth.
pay主语是人，指花费金钱。pay... for...＝spend... on
cost主语是物或某种活动，指花费金钱或其他代价。sth. cost(s) (sb.)．..
take多用it作形式主语，指花费时间。It takes sb. ... to do sth.＝Sb. spend(s)．.. (in) doin
sth.
Mom never spends any money on herself.妈妈从来都不在自己身上花钱。
May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I’ll pay it back next week.你能借给我12块钱吗？我
下周还你。
It won’t cost you a penny for the first six months.开始的六个月你不用花一分钱。
It took them three years to build this road.他们用三年时间修完了这条路。
2．look/watch/see/read 表示“看”look看(动作)；可单独成句；look at...
watch看(电视、比赛)；注视
see看见(结果)；看望；理解(I see.)
read看(书、报)；读；读懂别人的内心
★look可以表示“看上去”，是感官系动词，后接形容词。
★看病(看医生)用see a doctor表示。
3．speak/say/talk/tell表示“说”
speak发言；说(某种语言)
say说(内容)；写有talk谈论；talk about sth.; talk to/with sb.
tell告诉；讲述；tell sb. (not) to do sth.
