福师《语言与文化》在线作业一-0001EA1EFD8C-

福师《语言与文化》在线作业一-0005试卷总分:100 得分:100一、单选题(共35 道试题,共70 分)1.( )is the communicative value an expression has in addition to the purely conceptual meaning.A.Connotative meaningB.Social meaningC.Reflected meaningD.Collective meaning正确的答案是:Aputer power now allows automatic searches of fingerprint files to match a print at a crime____.A.stageB.sceneC.locationD.occasion正确的答案是:B3.We expected many club members would come to the tea party,_______turned up.A.only a fewB.very fewC.but a fewD.but few正确的答案是:D4.I’d like to go to the cinema, but I’m_______to.A.enableB.disableC.unableD.able正确的答案是:Cpanies are struggling to find the right____between supply and demand, but it is no easy task.A.equationB.formulaC.balanceD.pattern正确的答案是:C6.We finished the run in less than half the time ____.A.allowingB.to allowC.allowed正确的答案是:C7.In deciding_______a course of action, the candidates tried to estimate its likely impact on the voters．A.what to pursueB.which to pursueC.whether to pursueD.if to pursue正确的答案是:C8.( )refers to some words or expressions which are to be avoided because tradition or social customs strongly frowns on their use and some topics which are to be avoided.A.HonorificsB.Terms of humilityC.EuphemismsD.Verbal taboos正确的答案是:D9.When the city was_______, everyone knew that total defeat was certain.A.cut offB.cut downC.cut acrossD.cut out正确的答案是:A10.The doctors are_______about the guidelines under which they can carry out euthanasia.A.at a stretchB.at a lossC.at randomD.at length正确的答案是:A11.____is the communicative value an expression has in addition to the purely conceptual meaning.A.Connotative meaningB.Social meaningC.Reflected meaningD.Collective meaning正确的答案是:A12.Hardly had he arrived at the airport_______he was told that the flight had been cancelled.A.thanB.whenD.then正确的答案是:B13.____refers to some words or expressions which are to be avoided because tradition or social customs strongly frowns on their use and some topics which are to be avoided.A.HonorificsB.Terms of humilityC.EuphemismsD.Verbal taboos正确的答案是:D14.Then the speaker______the various factors leading to the present economic crisis.A.went afterB.went forC.went intoD.put up with正确的答案是:C15.The decision_______how much money should go to education is of vital importance.A.due toB.owing toC.as toD.so as to正确的答案是:C16.A word processor is much better than a typewriter in that it enables you to enter and____your text more easily.A.registerB.editC.proposeD.discharge正确的答案是:B17.Waving good-bye is an example of( ).A.substitutionB.accentingC.regulatingplementing正确的答案是:A18.Many a man _______sacrificed his life for the cause of revolution.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are正确的答案是:A19.Analogy is often made in English between____and people who are rude or hot-tempered or people with high intelligence or remarkable power of endurance.A.bearsB.horsesC.monkeysD.foxes正确的答案是:A20.A major-party nominee has the critical advantage in the campaign for the presidential election_______he has the support from the party-faithful.A.in thatB.in whichC.for whichD.for that正确的答案是:B21.It was Allen who_______with the bright idea to have a barbecue near the lake.A.went upB.came alongC.went alongD.came up正确的答案是:D22.Some research workers completely____all those facts as though they never existed .A.ignoreB.leaveC.refuseD.miss正确的答案是:A23.In English culture, privacy is regarded as part of( ).A.human natureB.human desireC.human rightsD.individualism正确的答案是:C24.I would appreciate_______it a secret.A.your keepingB.you to keepC.that you keepD.that you will keep正确的答案是:A25.When the fever eventually_______, he is likely to feel tired and weak for a while.A.dies downB.dies outC.losesD.leaves正确的答案是:A26.We didn't know his telephone number;otherwise we______him.A.would have telephonedB.must have telephonedC.would telephoneD.had telephoned正确的答案是:A27.“Red tape”means( ).A.a red cassetteB.the rigid unnecessary official rules and regulationsC.the necessary of official rules and regulationsD.a red string正确的答案是:B28._____ the Internet is of great help. I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it.A.IfB.WhileC.BecauseD.As正确的答案是:B29.Although he had looked through all the reference material on the subject, he stil found it hard to understand this point and her explanation only______to his confusion.A.extendedB.amountedC.addedD.turned正确的答案是:C30.The word “workaholic”is often used to refer to( ).A.AfricansB.AmericansC.ChineseD.Koreans正确的答案是:B31.( )relations at the sentential level refer to construction whose components are linked through the use of conjunctions.A.HypotacticB.ParatacticC.GrammaticalD.Branching正确的答案是:A32.I am for your proposal that the discussion about future plans_______.A.to be put offB.be put offC.should put offD.was put off正确的答案是:B33.Americans don't like being inquired about their choice of voting, because( ).A.they don't want others to know about itB.they are afraid to being murderedC.they don't want others to support their choice of votingD.they are not sure of their own choice of voting正确的答案是:A34.The prisoners will work for up to 90 days _______the gang.A.toB.atC.onD.of正确的答案是:C35.When you want to learn about someone's family relationship with another person, you may ask____.A.Are you relatives?B.Are you family members?C.How are you called?D.How are you related?正确的答案是:D二、判断题(共15 道试题,共30 分)36.Stereotyping has its practical uses and limitations, because it helps us better understand what appears to be a mess and at the same time any generalization is very often an overgeneralization.37.North Americans prefer to sit where they are side-by-side to one another.正确的答案是:错误38.In certain situations body action contradicts what is being said.正确的答案是:正确39.（）On your way to the school cinema, you happen to meet Professor Jones walking to the cinema, too. You can greet him by saying You're going to see the film, aren't you?正确的答案是:错误40.Whenever someone responds to the behavior or the behavior residue of another person, communication has taken place.正确的答案是:正确41.“Promises”like Why don't we get together one of these days? , though frequently made by Americans, are no commitment.正确的答案是:正确42.To initiate conversation with an Englishman , you can say It's raining today, isn't it ？正确的答案是:错误43.Some anthropologists refer to custom, rituals and, in a word, the total life way of a people as popular culture.正确的答案是:正确44.（）In the United States, the extended family, rather than the nuclear family, is considered the family.正确的答案是:错误45.It is a Chinese way of showing hospitality to insist on people accepting offers of drinks and cigarettes.正确的答案是:正确46.Given name or forename has recently replace Christian name in many English form, because religious beliefs are very much a matter of privacy.正确的答案是:正确47.Americans expect an invitation to a dinner or a request for a date or for any other social event to be offered reasonably far in advance.正确的答案是:正确48.Monochronic time systems are characterized by several things happening at once.49.In the U.S., it is a compliment to tell someone that he or she has put on some weight.正确的答案是:错误50.In the United States, the extended family, rather than the nuclear family, is considered the family.正确的答案是:错误。

第一章练习一、单项选择题1．In its narrow sense, culture is ______.A．whatever distinguishes one nation from all the other nationsB．the attributes of manC．life way of a population D．intellectual or academic development2．Communication without feedback can be called______.A．unintentional communication B．unconscious communicationC．one-way communication D．indirect communication3．American scholars generally trace the origin of intercultural communication to______.A．cultural anthropology B．sociolinguisticsC．comparative education D．philosophy4．When you enter an American home and hear Let me take your coat, you should know that______.A．it’s extremely hot indoors B．your coat must be wetC．wearing a coat indoors is uncomfortableD．it’s an American custom to take off one’s coat in this situation5．It’s generally acknowledged that the publication of The Silent Language in 1959 by marked the beginning of intercultural communication studies in the United States.A．R.Porter B．C.BarnlundC．Edward T.Hall D．A.Samovar.6．It doesn't ____ you to have your hair cut short.A．1996 B．1969 C．1995 D．19597．The year which was set as The Intercultural-International Speech Communication Year wasA．1995 B．1970 C．1971 D．19728．Communication without the presence of fixed responder(s) is_______ communication.A．indirect B．passive C．nonsimultaneous D．nondirected二、判断题1．Decoding is the inner activity of the message sender.2．When someone responds to the residue of the behavior of another person, we say that communication has happened. 3．One-way communication is the communication without feedback.4．Literature, arts and religions belong to popular culture.5．Culture with a small c includes customs and habits,behavior patterns, social organizations, social relations, etc. 6．Intercultural Communication Studies as a discipline aims at studying cross-cultural communication of the past, the present and the future.7．A communicative event includes at least two communicative behaviors.8．Stereotype is definitely bad in Intercultural communication studies.9．Ethnocentrism is good for smooth intercultural communication.10．Communication without an intermediator is nondirected communication.三、名词解释1. cultureCulture is the unique style and custom which a nation forms in the history of its own development.2. intercultural communicationIntercultural communication refers to the communication in which the communicators are from different cultural backgrounds.3. communicationCommunication may be defined as that which happens whenever someone responds to the behavior or the residue of the behavior of another person.4. ethnocentrismEthnocentrism is a kind of psychological trend ,that is to interpret or to judge all other groups , their environments andtheir communication according to the categories and values of our own culture.5. one-way communicationCommunication without feedback is called one-way communication.四、问答题What are the historical backgrounds for the emergence of ICS in U.S.A?The United States, once called a melting pot, is a country of immigrants from almost all parts of the world. The late 1950s and the early 1960s found Americans more aware of new and different cultures, subcultures, and groups in conflict with mainstream America: Blacks, Chicanos, women, the elderly, homosexuals, the poor, hippies, and countless other groups became highly visible and vocal. Many of these groups were no longer willing to wait passively for admission into the dominant culture. They were more aggressive, demanding, and at timesmore violent than subcultures of the past. The need to comprehend and to interact with these groups became a major stimulus for the study of intercultural communication.On the other hand, a combination of increased mobility, modern communication technology, and an awareness of common worldwide problems, caused the world to shrink, making it a global village. People of different countries came into contact more frequently than ever before. Expanding international business and industrial networks, increasing international exchange programs and mushrooming tourism brought more and more foreigners into U.S.A., and more and more Americans to the other parts of the world. English, as an international language, became more and more important. However, it was soon realized that mastery of the language alone would not make people effective cross-cultural communicators. When the natural barrier of language was overcome, people might still fail to understand or to be understood due to ignorance of cultural differences in verbal and/or nonverbal behaviors. All this dictated the need for more cross-cultural studies and gave rise to the marriage of culture and communication.It is generally acknowledged that the publication of The Silent Language in 1959 by the American cultural anthropologist, Edward Hall, marked the beginning of intercultural communication studies as an independent discipline in the United States.第二章练习一、单项选择题1．If someone says, “What a big house you've got.”, the complimented might respond_____A．“Thank you, it's just so so.”B．“No, it is quite small.”C．“Really? I think it's not big enough to live in.”D．“Thank you. It's quite big, I was lucky to be able to get it.”2．_____ are defined as “a class of grammatical forms used in speaking to or about a social superior.”A．Honorifics B．Terms of humilityC．Euphemisms D．Taboos3．_____ are language forms used to show the speaker's modesty.A．Honourifics B．Terms of humilityC．Euphemisms D．Taboos4．When thanked, the Chinese public servants customarily reply“_______”.A．朋友之间，何需客气B．说谢就见外了C．一家人何需客套D．没什么，这是我应该做的。

福师《语言与文化》在线作业一s1. The expression “ You don't seem to understand ”, can be called( )from the perspective of interpersonal communication.A. beautiful wordsB. negative wordsC. redundant wordsD. softening words正确答案： B 满分：2 分得分：22. “To do something that could cause quick anger in other people”is synonymous to“( )”.A. to run a business in the redB. to paint the town redC. to become red facedD. to wave a red flag正确答案： D 满分：2 分得分：23. ____refers to some words or expressions which are to be avoided because tradition or social customs strongly frowns on their use and some topics which are to be avoided.A. HonorificsB. Terms of humilityC. EuphemismsD. Verbal taboos正确答案： D 满分：2 分得分：24. His wife had only her husband's interests_________.A. on her heartB. on heartC. at her heartD. at heart正确答案： D 满分：2 分得分：25. American scholars generally trace the origin of intercultural communication to( ).A. cultural anthropologyB. sociolinguisticsC. comparative educationD. philosophy正确答案： A 满分：2 分得分：26. The English equivalent for “黄色电影” can be____.A. a yellow filmB. a green filmC. a pink filmD. a blue film正确答案： D 满分：2 分得分：27. It is said that the newly-built gymnasium is three miles_______from here.A. away farB. far awayC. farD. away正确答案： D 满分：2 分得分：28. It's generally acknowledged that the publication of The Silent Language in 1959 by( ) marked the beginning of intercultural communication studies in the United States.A. R.PorterB. C.BarnlundC. Edward T. HallD. A. Samovar正确答案： C 满分：2 分得分：29. As I was just getting familiar with this job, I had______to ask my boss.A. manyB. mostC. moreD. much正确答案： D 满分：2 分得分：210. Word( )frequently appears together with “boy” , “man” , “vessel” or “airliner”.A. beautifulB. niceC. prettyD. handsome正确答案： D 满分：2 分得分：211. It has been years_______I returned home.A. afterB. thatC. sinceD. when正确答案： C 满分：2 分得分：212. It is only recently _________astronomers have begun specific research into black holes.A. whenB. so thatC. thatD. which正确答案： C 满分：2 分得分：213. It was announced that only when the fire was under control ___ to return to their homes.A. the residents would be permittedB. had the residents been permittedC. would be residents be permittedD. the residents had been permitted正确答案： C 满分：2 分得分：214. _______the drill is, it is very useful in improving your oral English.A. Simple you considerB. You consider simpleC. Simple as you considerD. As simple you consider正确答案： C 满分：2 分得分：215. When westerns introduce one person to others, they____.A. do not use “title+surname”, and they introduce his name first, then the positive or rankB. do not use “title+surname”, and they introduce his position and rank first, then his nameC. use “title+surname”, and they introduce his name first, then the position or rankD. use “title+surname”, and they introduce his position or rank first, then his name正确答案： C 满分：2 分得分：216. Companies are struggling to find the right____between supply and demand, but it is no easy task.A. equationB. formulaC. balanceD. pattern正确答案： C 满分：2 分得分：217. Actually , information technology can____the gap between the poor and the rich .A. linkB. breakC. allyD. bridge正确答案： D 满分：2 分得分：218. The mayor____the police officer a medal of honor for his heroic deed in rescuing the earthquake victims.A. rewardedB. awardedC. creditedD. prized正确答案： B 满分：2 分得分：219. Analogy is often made in English between____and people who are rude or hot-tempered or people with high intelligence or remarkable power of endurance.A. bearsB. horsesC. monkeysD. foxes正确答案： A 满分：2 分得分：220. In its narrow sense, culture is( ).A. whatever distinguishes one nation from all the other nationsB. the attributes of manC. life way of a populationD. intellectual or academic development正确答案： C 满分：2 分得分：221. The explanation for “to move heaven and earth to do something” is____.A. “to understand the nature of one's work and be competent in the performance of them"B. “to lose the opportunity to do something"C. “to do something without proper material"D. “to make every effort to achieve or obtain something”正确答案： D 满分：2 分得分：222. — Do you have any problems if you ______ this job? — Well, I’m thinking about the salary….A. offerB. will offerC. are offeredD. will be offered正确答案： C 满分：2 分得分：223. 寒舍is equivalent to____in English.A. my homeB. my humble homeC. my cold houseD. my shabby hut正确答案： A 满分：2 分得分：224. An Olympic Marathon is 26 miles and 385 yards, approximately_______from Marathon to Athens.A. distanceB. is the distanceC. the distanceD. the distance is正确答案： C 满分：2 分得分：225. When a fire______at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed.A. broke offB. broke outC. broke downD. broke up正确答案： B 满分：2 分得分：226. Liquids are like solids______they have a definite volume.A. in thatB. for thatC. with thatD. at that正确答案： A 满分：2 分得分：227. Sorry, I don’t know he is a friend of_____.A. your brotherB. your brothersC. your brother’s friendD. your brother’s正确答案： D 满分：2 分得分：228. When thanked, the Chinese public servants customarily reply“____”.A. 朋友之间，何需客气B. 说谢就见外了C. 一家人何需客套D. 没什么，这是我应该做的正确答案： D 满分：2 分得分：229. I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention _____ when we talked on the phone.A. to promoteB. having been promotedC. having promotedD. to be promoted正确答案： B 满分：2 分得分：230. As a painter, Ted was very_______about the colors he used.A. specificB. specialC. peculiarD. particular正确答案： D 满分：2 分得分：231. In English speaking countries you usually introduce( ), not the other way round.A. a man to a womanB. a woman to a manC. an old man to a young womanD. an old woman to a young man正确答案： A 满分：2 分得分：232. The destruction of these treasures was a loss for mankind that no amount of money could______.A. stand up toB. make up forC. come up withD. put up with正确答案： B 满分：2 分得分：233. ( )refers to some words or expressions which are to be avoided because tradition or social customs strongly frowns on their use and some topics which are to be avoided.A. HonorificsB. Terms of humilityC. EuphemismsD. Verbal taboos正确答案： D 满分：2 分得分：234. When you want to learn about someone's family relationship with another person, you may ask____.A. Are you relatives?B. Are you family members?C. How are you called?D. How are you related?正确答案： D 满分：2 分得分：235. I wish I_______longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.A. could have sleptB. sleptC. might have sleptD. have slept正确答案： A 满分：2 分得分：21. （）Given name or forename has recently replace Christian name in many English form, because religious beliefs are very much a matter of privacy.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案： B 满分：2 分得分：22. （）“Promises” like Why don't we get together one of these days? , though frequently made by Americans, are no commitment.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案： B 满分：2 分得分：23. （）When you want to learn about an American's political stand, you can ask Are you a Republican or a Democrat?A. 错误B. 正确正确答案： A 满分：2 分得分：24. （）Thanksgiving Day is on the fourth Saturday of November.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案： A 满分：2 分得分：25. Monochronic time systems are characterized by several things happening at once.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案： A 满分：2 分得分：26. In the U.S., it is a compliment to tell someone that he or she has put on some weight.B. 正确正确答案： A 满分：2 分得分：27. Given name or forename has recently replace Christian name in many English form, because religious beliefs are very much a matter of privacy.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案： B 满分：2 分得分：28. When you want to learn about an American's political stand, you can ask Are youa Republican or a Democrat?A. 错误B. 正确正确答案： A 满分：2 分得分：29. North Americans prefer to sit where they are side-by-side to one another.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案： A 满分：2 分得分：210. （）In English-speaking countries you usually first introduce a man of higher social status to one of low social status, not the other way round.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案： A 满分：2 分得分：211. To initiate conversation with an Englishman , you can say It's raining today, isn't it ？A. 错误B. 正确正确答案： A 满分：2 分得分：212. Thanksgiving Day is on the fourth Saturday of November.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案： A 满分：2 分得分：213. （）Monochronic time systems are characterized by several things happening at once.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案： A 满分：2 分得分：214. （）In the U.S., it is a compliment to tell someone that he or she has put on some weight.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案： A 满分：2 分得分：215. （）It is a Chinese way of showing hospitality to insist on people accepting offers of drinks and cigarettes.A. 错误正确答案： B 满分：2 分得分：2。

福建师范大学智慧树知到“英语”《语言与文化》网课测试题答案（图片大小可自由调整）第1卷一.综合考核(共15题)1.A major-party nominee has the critical advantage in the campaign for the presidential election _______ he has the support from the party-faithful.A.in thatB.in whichC.for whichD.for that2.Given name or forename has recently replace Christian name in many English form, because religious beliefs are very much a matter of privacy. ()A.错误B.正确3.寒舍 is equivalent to () in English.A.my homeB.my humble homeC.my cold houseD.my shabby hut4.The word “workaholic” is often used to refer to ____.A、AfricansB、AmericansC、ChineseD、Koreans5.The news has just ____ that the president is going to visit China next month.A、come downB、come upC、come outD、come about 6.______ thinking refers to thinking in which images are particularly attended to.A、AbstractB、LogicalC、ArtisticD、Dialectic7._______ the drill is, it is very useful in improving your oral English.A、Simple you considerB、You consider simpleC、Simple as you considerD、As simple you consider8.If I _______ a little earlier, I would have caught the train.A、leftB、would leaveC、leaveD、had left9.A completely new situation will ______ when the examination system comes into existence.A.ariseB.riseC.raiseD.arouse10.11.The survival of civilization as we know it is ______ threat.A、withinB、underC、towardsD、upon12.A completely new situation will ______ when the examination system comes into existence.A、ariseB、riseC、raiseD、arouse13.The prisoners will work for up to 90 days _______ the gang.A.toB.atC.onD.of14.I know you’ve got a smooth tongue, so don’t talk me ____ buying it.A、awayB、downC、outD、into15.The word “workaholic ” is often used to refer to ().A.AfricansB.AmericansC.ChineseD.Koreans第2卷一.综合考核(共15题)1.When the city was _______, everyone knew that total defeat was certain.A、cut offB、cut downC、cut acrossD、cut out2.Instructors of intercultural communication believe that the process of communication under conditions of cultural differences can be analyzed and the knowledge about the process of IC and related skills can be taught.()A、错误B、正确3.Whenever someone responds to the behavior. or the behavior. residue of another person, communication has taken place.()A、错误B、正确4._______ the sun, the moon looks the biggest object in the sky.A、Except forB、BesidesC、ExceptD、Other than5.I’d like to go to the cinema, but I’m _______ to.A.enableB.disableC.unableD.able6.Analogy is often made in English between ____ and people who are rude or hot-tempered or people with high intelligence or remarkable power of endurance.A.bearsB.horsesC.monkeysD.foxes7.The English equivalent for “贱内” is ______.A、my husbandB、my wifeC、my sonD、my daughter8.() relations at the sentential level refer to construction whose components are linked through the use of conjunctions.A.HypotacticB.ParatacticC.GrammaticalD.Branching9.Some research workers completely ____ all those facts as though they never existed.A.ignoreB.leaveC.refuseD.miss10._____ the Internet is of great help. I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it.A.IfB.WhileC.BecauseD.As11.It took him several months to ______ the wild horse.A、tendB、cultivateC、breedD、tame12.() refers to some words or expressions which are to be avoided because tradition or social customs strongly frowns on their use and some topics which are to be avoided.A.HonorificsB.Terms of humilityC.EuphemismsD.Verbal taboos13.We feel it a pity that he didn’t live up to _______ had been expected of him.A、whichB、all whatC、whatD、that14.Americans expect an invitation to a dinner or a request for a date or for any other social event to be offered reasonably far in advance. ()A.错误B.正确15.____ is the name given to a young man or young woman who rejects authority, existing institution and conventional attitudes towards morality, style. of dress, etc.A.DukeB.CowboyC.HippieD.Knight第1卷参考答案一.综合考核1.参考答案：B2.参考答案：B3.参考答案：A4.参考答案：B5.参考答案：C6.参考答案：C7.参考答案：C8.参考答案：D 9.参考答案：A11.参考答案：B12.参考答案：A13.参考答案：C14.参考答案：D15.参考答案：B第2卷参考答案一.综合考核1.参考答案：A2.参考答案：B3.参考答案：B4.参考答案：A5.参考答案：C6.参考答案：A7.参考答案：B8.参考答案：A9.参考答案：A10.参考答案：B11.参考答案：D12.参考答案：D13.参考答案：C14.参考答案：B15.参考答案：C。

福师《语言学概论》在线作业一一、单选题（共10 道试题，共20 分。

）1. 与“看电影”相同组合类型的短语是（）。

A. 看一本B. 看一回C. 看一次D. 看一遍正确答案：A2. “骄”，原指高大健壮的马，现成为表“自高自大”义的语素。

这属于：A. 词义的扩大B. 词义的缩小C. 词义的转移D. 词义的增加正确答案：C3. “闻”的音节如何拼写？（）A. wen--w u e nB. wen--w e nC. wen--u e nD. wen--w u e i n.正确答案：C4. 下列选项中属于偏正式的是：A. 眼花B. 脸红C. 地震D. 雪白正确答案：D5. “嘴”，本指身体的口，后来变为指一切动物的口(甚至比喻一切事物的出入部分,如“茶壶嘴”。

)，这属于：A. 词义的扩大B. 词义的缩小C. 词义的转移D. 词义的增加正确答案：A6. 语音的本质属性是：A. 生理属性B. 物理属性C. 心理属性D. 社会属性正确答案：D7. 组合规则的发展主要表现为：A. 形态的改变B. 语法范畴的消长C. 词类的发展D. 语序的变化正确答案：D8. 研究某个具体语言的语音，即研究某一种语言或某一种方言的语音情况的的语音学是：A. 普通语音学B. 专语语音学C. 历史语音学D. 实验语音学正确答案：B9. 北京话“友好”中的“友”实际读音声调是阳平，这种现象属于语流音变中的( )。

A. 同化B. 异化C. 弱化D. 脱落正确答案：B10. 语言中，（）是发展速度最快的部分。

A. 一般词汇B. 语音C. 语法D. 基本词汇正确答案：A福师《语言学概论》在线作业一二、多选题（共22 道试题，共44 分。

）1. 形态学分类法根据语法结构特点把人类语言分为：A. 孤立语B. 屈折语C. 粘着语D. 复综语正确答案：ABCD2. 洋泾浜语的特点是：A. 语法较为简单B. 规则减少到最低限度C. 语音也因受当地语言系统的影响而大走样D. 词汇量也有限正确答案：ABCD3. 人类语言和所谓动物“语言”的区别：A. 人类语言具有单位明晰性特点B. 人类语言的音义结合具有任意性特点C. 人类语言是一种开放系统D. 人类语言具有结构的二层性正确答案：ABCD4. 洋泾浜是语言接触中的一种畸形的语言现象。

福师《语言学概论》在线作业一福师《语言学概论》在线作业一一、单选题共10题，20分1.与“看电影”相同组合类型的短语是（）。

A看一本B看一回C看一次D看一遍正确答案：A学生答案：A得分:.解析:2.语言中，（）是发展速度最快的部分。

A一般词汇B语音C语法D基本词汇正确答案：A学生答案：A得分:.解析:3.下列选项中属于偏正式的是：A眼花B脸红C地震D雪白正确答案：D学生答案：D得分:.解析:4.借词“苏打（soda 英）”的形成通过下面途径：A音译B音译加意译C半音译半意译D意译学生答案：A得分:.解析:5.世界上的语种中使用人口最多的是：A英语B汉语C俄语D法语正确答案：B学生答案：B得分:.解析:6.“骄”，原指高大健壮的马，现成为表“自高自大”义的语素。

这属于：A词义的扩大B词义的缩小C词义的转移D词义的增加正确答案：C学生答案：C得分:.解析:7.“兵器”是“兵”的：A本义B中心意义C派生意义D唯一意义正确答案：A学生答案：A得分:.解析:8.北京话“友好”中的“友”实际读音声调是阳平，这种现象属于语流音变中的( )。

A同化B异化C弱化D脱落学生答案：B得分:.解析:9.在各个语系中，（）是研究的最充分、最深入的一个语系。

A汉藏语系B印欧语系C南亚语系D高加索语系正确答案：B学生答案：B得分:.解析:10.借词“啤酒”的形成通过下面途径：A音译B音译加意译C半音译半意译D意译正确答案：B学生答案：B得分:.解析:二、多选题共22题，44分1.各国人语言不通，但看球赛时欢呼、鼓掌，说明：A语言是民族性的B思维能力是全民性的C语言是全民性的D思维是民族性的正确答案：AB学生答案：AB得分:.解析:2.音位的特征有：A辨义性B最小的能辨义的语音单位C民族性D地域性正确答案：ABCD学生答案：ABCD得分:.解析:3.语言发展的外部原因是：A社会生产力的发展，生产关系的改变，科学技术的发展B不同社会的联系、交往、接触C语言系统内部的各种因素相互关系、影响D社会发展正确答案：ABD学生答案：ABD得分:.解析:4.语法的特性：A抽象性B生成性C稳固性D民族性与普遍性正确答案：ABCD学生答案：ABCD得分:.解析:5.历史上存在过和直到今天仍然存在的表意文字：A古埃及的圣书字B汉字C中美洲的马雅文字D我国纳西族的东巴文字正确答案：ABCD学生答案：ABCD得分:.解析:6.汉语语法的主要特点：A语序的变化对语法结构和语法意义起重大影响B虚词的运用对语法结构和语法意义有重要作用C汉语词类跟句法成份之间不存在简单的-一对应的关系D短语的结构与句子的结构以及词的结构基本一致正确答案：ABCD学生答案：ABCD得分:.解析:7.作为语言符号与其他符号的不同，主要有两点：A随意约定B这些符号都不是孤立存在的，而是与其他符号相对地存在C复杂性D强生成性正确答案：CD学生答案：CD得分:.解析:8.语言中的文化遗迹表现为：A从语词的出现证明古代文明B从词义的变化看科学技术的进步C从亲属称谓了解婚姻制度D从借词看不同民族文化的接触正确答案：ABCD学生答案：ABCD得分:.解析:9.下列关于交际工具的地位与关系，说法正确的有（）。

第一次作业I. Translate the following terms into Chinese and then define each of them in English. 70%1.culture 文化Culture is the unique style and custom which a nation forms in the history of its own developmentmunication 交流，沟通Communication may be defined as that which happens whenever someone responds to the behavior or the residue of the behavior of another person.3. one-way communication单向交流Communication without feedback is called one-way communication.4.ethnocentrism .民族优越感，民族中心主义Ethnocentrism is a kind of psychological trend ,that is to interpret or to judge all other groups , their environments and their communication according to the categories and values of our own culture.5.privacy 免受不受欢迎的侵扰的自由、私事权freedom from undesirable intrusions6.tips 小费Th e word“tips”is the abbreviation of the phrase“to insure prompt service”service charge7.vocalics 副语言V ocalics refers to anything that that is spoken and heard except for words, including tone , pitch , volume , speed ,emotion etc....vocalics is the study of the nonverbal elements of the voice.II. Answer the following questions in English. 30%1.What are the differences between Chinese and English compliments?In English people exchange compliments each other: father to son, husband to wife, friend to friend, etc. But there are cultural differences between English and Chinese. Firstly cultural differences exist in who can be complimented. In English speaking countries one can praise members of one’s own family. A woman can talkabout how hard her husband works and how well he has done in his career, and shemight do the same about how well her children do at school. But Chinese people do not praise members of their own families. They consider it bad taste.Secondly, cultural differences exist in what can be complimented. It is quite common for a male English speaker to compliment females on their good looks, while it is almost a taboo in Chinese culture.2.What is the rule of introduction in the United States?In the United States the general rule is to introduce a man to a woman, the young to the old, the guest to the host, an individual to a group, a less important person is to an important person, the lower position people to the higher position people, an unmarried woman to a married woman.3. Compare Chinese and English "thanks".There are differences between Chinese and English "thanks". Firstly differences lie in what to thank for. English speakers thank others for many reasons and on many occasions such as borrowing a pencil, asking for directions , requesting someone to pass on a message, receiving mails for others, calling a person to the phone and so on and so forth, and this seems to be unnecessary and sometimes even hypocritical to many Chinese people. On the other hand, the Chinese people tend to thank the one who has done them a major favor several times, this may seem excessive, empty or insincere to English speakers and therefore make them uncomfortable.Secondly differences also lie in whom to thank. In English culture a male thanks his wife, a female thank her husband, a father thanks his son and close friends thank each other for having done anything. That is because people are treated as individuals and the kindness they have shown in whatever may should be appreciated explicitly. But in China, most of the polite expressions are reserved for stranger and casual friends. Family members and close friends never thank each other, for the Chinese attitude is that the appreciation is understood and need not be expressed among close friends and family members. However, this attitude may be taken forrudeness or lack of consideration by English speakers.福师《语言与文化》在线作业一二试卷13春总分：100 测试时间：--单选题多选题判断题14 、单选题秋（共30 道试题，共60 分。

福师《现代语言学》在线作业一-0002试卷总分:100 得分:0一、单选题(共25 道试题,共50 分)1.( ) is the study of speech, focusing specially on the relation between discourse and its contexts.A.PragmaticsB.Discourse analysisC.DialectologyD.Morphology正确答案:B2.( ) is the science that studies how speech sounds are used in language to convey meanings.A.PhoneticsB.PhonologyC.MorphologyD.Dialectology正确答案:B3.The transformational generative grammar was proposed by ( ).A.Noam ChomskyB.JacobsonC.HalidayD.Nida正确答案:A4.（）refers to the juxtaposition of two elements which are semantically in opposition (or complementary) to each otherA.CollocationB.ReiterationC.Lexical cohesionD.Coherence正确答案:A5.A ( ) is one that may be used to distinguish one speech sound from another.A.perfomationB.featureC.distinctive featureD.function正确答案:Cnguage has （）that distinguish it from other semiotic systems used by humans and animals.A.functionB.design featuresC.importanceD.performance正确答案:B7.( ) refers to a variety of language which is appropriate for a particular situationA.registerB.StyleC.genreD.Form正确答案:B8.Which h of the following disciplines doen't belong to micro-linguistics?A.PhoneticsB.PhonologyC.MorphologyD.Dialectology正确答案:D9.'The transformational generative grammar was proposed by ( ).A.Noam ChomskyB.JacobsonC.HalidayD.Nida正确答案:A10.( ) refers to the speed of speech.A.LoudnessB.StressC.TempoD.Tone正确答案:C11.( ) is the study of the various aspects of the relation between language on the one hand and speakers and society on the other.A.PragmaticsB.SociolinguisticsC.SyntaxD.Semantics正确答案:B12.The phones that can be grouped together as variants of one phoneme have to be ( ) similarA.phoneticallyB.phonologicallyC.soundD.seem正确答案:A13.'( ) refers to the perceived regularity of prominent units in speech.A.LoudnessB.RhythmC.TempoD.Tone正确答案:B14.( )the main source of energy for speaking, initiating the airflow for speech, hence pulmonic airstream mechanism.A.MouthB.HeartC.NoseD.Lung正确答案:D15.( ) is the bit of spoken or written language that is produced and sent to the receiver in a specific context.A.WordB.SentenceC.UtteranceD.Morpheme正确答案:C16.() refers to the sameness in meaning between two or more words.A.SynonymyB.PolysemyC.HomonymyD.Antonymy正确答案:A17.( ) is the bit of spoken or written language that is produced and sent to the receiver in a specific context.A.WordB.SentenceC.UtteranceD.Morpheme正确答案:C18.'The phones that can be grouped together as variants of one phoneme have to be ( ) similarA.phoneticallyB.phonologicallyC.soundD.seem正确答案:A19.( ) refers to regional phonological or phonetic distinctions in speech.A.AccentB.DialectC.SentenceD.Utterance正确答案:A20.( ) refers to the speed of speech.A.LoudnessB.StressC.TempoD.Tone正确答案:C21.The locutionary act ( ) refers to the act of saying something meaningful in a particular languageA.illocutionary actB.locutionary actC.perlocutionary act正确答案:B22.（）is a morphological variant of morpheme.A.AllomorphB.WordC.SegmentD.Morph正确答案:A23.'（）is a morphological variant of morpheme.A.AllomorphB.WordC.SegmentD.Morph正确答案:A24.( ) is the study of the relation between language and mind, especially language acquisition and learning, and language comprehension and prod uction.A.PragmaticsB.PhonologyC.DialectologyD.Psycholinguistics正确答案:D25.'Language has （）that distinguish it from other semiotic systems used by humans and animals.A.functionB.design featuresC.importanceD.performance正确答案:B二、判断题(共25 道试题,共50 分)1.The critical age for language acquisition refers to the qualitative difference in language acquisition before and after the age around fifteen.A.错误B.正确正确答案:A2.Transformation rules don't have to follow a set order.A.错误B.正确正确答案:A3.At the sentential level, the comprehension of a sentence is realised through extracting the syntactic and semantic information of the sentence, interpreting the sentential meaning in the light of its contexts, and retaining some or all of the interprA.错误B.正确正确答案:B4.Duality makes it possible for second/foreign language learningA.错误B.正确正确答案:A5.Grammatical morpheme must be a bound morpheme.A.错误B.正确正确答案:A6.Hyponymy (p.226) refers to the sense relation between a more general word and a more specific word.A.错误B.正确正确答案:B7.'Juncture refers to the features that help making a divisional contrast in meaning and that only involves pause.A.错误B.正确正确答案:A8.Stress refers to the feature that is determined solely by the amplitude of the vibration of the sound-wave.A.错误B.正确正确答案:A9.Phonemics intends to find out the sound system functioning in individual languages .A.错误B.正确正确答案:A10.Affix hopping refers to the bound morphemes in the verb group hop backward to join the following member in the verb group.A.错误B.正确正确答案:B11.'Field theory suggests that lexical meanings are not exclusive and mutually independent.A.错误B.正确正确答案:B12.Utterance meaning includes not only the relevant sentential meaning(s) but also various meanings determined by the contexts where the utterance takes place.A.错误B.正确正确答案:B13.Rreferences of different kinds or types cannot co-occur in the same sentence.A.错误B.正确正确答案:A14.Reference relates linguistic forms to some other related linguistic formsA.错误B.正确正确答案:A15.English is a tone language.A.错误B.正确正确答案:A16.Idiolect refers to the unique linguistic system of an individual speakerA.错误B.正确正确答案:B17.Diphthong is treated as two vowels .A.错误B.正确正确答案:A18.Stress may play different functions in different languages.A.错误B.正确正确答案:B19.'Language is entirely arbitrary.A.错误B.正确正确答案:A20.Sentence is a unit in semantics and its meaning is formed on the principle of compositionality.A.错误B.正确正确答案:B21.Linguistic competence refers to the ability based on the acquisition of the system of language use, regarding all the components of communicative events, together with attitudes and beliefs about them, and which may enable the speaker to participate inA.错误B.正确正确答案:A22.Articulatory phonetics that studies speech sounds from a physical point of view, focusing on their physical properties in transmission.A.错误B.正确正确答案:A23.'Traditional notional grammar is a bottom-up approach,A.错误B.正确正确答案:B24.A simple sentence consists of a single clause which contains a subject and a predicate and stands alone as its own sentence.A.错误B.正确正确答案:A25.A locutionary act is the act of conveying literal meaning by means of syntax, lexicon, and phonology.A.错误B.正确正确答案:B。

1.() is the communicative value an expression has in addition to the purely conceptual meaning.[答案：A]A.Connotative meaningB.Social meaningC.Reflected meaningD.Collective meaningputer power now allows automatic searches of fingerprint files to match a print at a crime ____.[答案：B]A.stageB.sceneC.locationD.occasion3.We expected many club members would come to the tea party, _______ turned up.[答案：D]A.only a fewB.very fewC.but a fewD.but few4.I’d like to go to the cinema, but I’m _______ to.[答案：C]A.enableB.disableC.unableD.ablepanies are struggling to find the right ____ between supply and demand, but it is no easy task.A.equationB.formulaC.balanceD.pattern6.We finished the run in less than half the time ____.[答案：C]A.allowingB.to allowC.allowedD.allows7.In deciding _______ a course of action, the candidates tried to estimate its likely impact on the voters.[答案：C]A.what to pursueB.which to pursueC.whether to pursueD.if to pursue8.() refers to some words or expressions which are to be avoided because tradition or social customs strongly frowns on their use and some topics which are to be avoided.[答案：D]A.HonorificsB.Terms of humilityC.EuphemismsD.Verbal taboos9.When the city was _______, everyone knew that total defeat was certain.[答案：A]B.cut downC.cut acrossD.cut out10.The doctors are _______ about the guidelines under which they can carry out euthanasia.[答案：A]A.at a stretchB.at a lossC.at randomD.at length11.____ is the communicative value an expression has in addition to the purely conceptual meaning.[答案：A]A.Connotative meaningB.Social meaningC.Reflected meaningD.Collective meaning12.Hardly had he arrived at the airport _______ he was told that the flight had been cancelled.[答案：B]A.thanB.whenC.beforeD.then13.____ refers to some words or expressions which are to be avoided because tradition or social customs strongly frowns on their use and some topics which are to be avoided.[答案：D]A.HonorificsB.Terms of humilityC.EuphemismsD.Verbal taboos14.Then the speaker ______ the various factors leading to the present economic crisis.[答案：C]A.went afterB.went forC.went intoD.put up with15.The decision _______ how much money should go to education is of vital importance.[答案：C]A.due toB.owing toC.as toD.so as to16.A word processor is much better than a typewriter in that it enables you to enter and ____ your text more easily.[答案：B]A.registerB.editC.proposeD.discharge17.Waving good-bye is an example of ().[答案：A]A.substitutionB.accentingplementing18.Many a man _______ sacrificed his life for the cause of revolution.[答案：A]A.hasB.haveC.isD.are19.Analogy is often made in English between ____ and people who are rude or hot-tempered or people with high intelligence or remarkable power of endurance.[答案：A]A.bearsB.horsesC.monkeysD.foxes20.A major-party nominee has the critical advantage in the campaign for the presidential election _______ he has the support from the party-faithful.[答案：B]A.in thatB.in whichC.for whichD.for that21.It was Allen who _______ with the bright idea to have a barbecue near the lake.[答案：D]A.went upB.came alongD.came up22.Some research workers completely ____ all those facts as though they never existed.[答案：A]A.ignoreB.leaveC.refuseD.miss23.In English culture, privacy is regarded as part of ().[答案：C]A.human natureB.human desireC.human rightsD.individualism24.I would appreciate _______ it a secret.[答案：A]A.your keepingB.you to keepC.that you keepD.that you will keep25.When the fever eventually _______, he is likely to feel tired and weak for a while.[答案：A]A.dies downB.dies outC.losesD.leaves26.We didn’t know his telephone number; otherwise we ______ him.A.would have telephonedB.must have telephonedC.would telephoneD.had telephoned27.“Red tape ” means ().[答案：B]A.a red cassetteB.the rigid unnecessary official rules and regulationsC.the necessary of official rules and regulationsD.a red string28._____ the Internet is of great help. I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it.[答案：B]A.IfB.WhileC.BecauseD.As29.Although he had looked through all the reference material on the subject, he still found it hard to understand this point and her explanation only ______ to his confusion.[答案：C]A.extendedB.amountedC.addedD.turned30.The word “workaholic ” is often used to refer to ().[答案：B]B.AmericansC.ChineseD.Koreans31.() relations at the sentential level refer to construction whose components are linked through the use of conjunctions.[答案：A]A.HypotacticB.ParatacticC.GrammaticalD.Branching32.I am for your proposal that the discussion about future plans_______.[答案：B]A.to be put offB.be put offC.should put offD.was put off33.Americans don’t like being inquired about their choice of voting, because ().[答案：A]A.they don’t want others to know about itB.they are afraid to being murderedC.they don’t want others to support their choice of votingD.they are not sure of their own choice of voting34.The prisoners will work for up to 90 days _______ the gang.[答案：C]A.toB.atD.of35.When you want to learn about someone’s family relationship with another person, you may ask ____.[答案：D]A.Are you relatives?B.Are you family members?C.How are you called?D.How are you related?36.Stereotyping has its practical uses and limitations, because it helps us better understand what appears to be a mess and at the same time any generalization is very often an overgeneralization. ()[答案：B]A.错误B.正确37.North Americans prefer to sit where they are side-by-side to one another. ()[答案：A]A.错误B.正确38.In certain situations body action contradicts what is being said. ()[答案：B]A.错误B.正确39.On your way to the school cinema, you happen to meet Professor Jones walking to the cinema, too. You can greet him by saying You’re going to see the film, aren’t you? ()[答案：A]B.正确40.Whenever someone responds to the behavior. or the behavior. residue of another person, communication has taken place. ()[答案：B]A.错误B.正确41.“Promises ” like Why don’t we get together one of these days?, though frequently made by Americans, are no commitment. ()[答案：B]A.错误B.正确42.To initiate conversation with an Englishman, you can say It’s raining toda y, isn’t it? ()[答案：A]A.错误B.正确43.Some anthropologists refer to custom, rituals and, in a word, the total life way of a people as popular culture. ()[答案：B]A.错误B.正确44.In the United States, the extended family, rather than the nuclear family, is considered the family. ()[答案：A]A.错误B.正确45.It is a Chinese way of showing hospitality to insist on people accepting offers of drinks and cigarettes. ()[答案：B]A.错误B.正确46.Given name or forename has recently replace Christian name in many English form, because religious beliefs are very much a matter of privacy. ()[答案：B]A.错误B.正确47.Americans expect an invitation to a dinner or a request for a date or for any other social event to be offered reasonably far in advance. ()[答案：B]A.错误B.正确48.Monochronic time systems are characterized by several things happening at once. ()[答案：A]A.错误B.正确49.In the U.S., it is a compliment to tell someone that he or she has put on some weight. ()[答案：A]A.错误B.正确50.In the United States, the extended family, rather than the nuclear family, is considered the family. ()[答案：A]A.错误B.正确。

二、多项选择题1．The relationship between language, culture and thought is that ____________________________________________________________ .A．they are three parts of a wholeB．language is determined by culture while culture is determined by thoughtC．each of them can operate independentlyD．the three aspects interact, each influencing and shaping the other two 正确答案为：AD2．The most common English replies to thank are .A．It is nothing B．It is my duty C．Not at all D．It is my pleasure 正确答案为：CD3．When English speaking people part, they usually say .A．Good-bye B．It's nice to meet you C．See you tomorrow D．So long 正确答案为：AD4．Which of the following questions would offend speakers of English?A．Do you go to church? B．Are you married or single? C．Who will you vote for? D．May I know your age? 正确答案为：ABCD 5．The properties of culture are .A．Culture is human specific B．culture is general and abstract C．Culture is a national phenomenon D．Culture is a historical phenomenon 正确答案为：ABCD1．English speaking people often use .A．green with envy B．green-eyed C．green-eyed monsters D．red-eyed 正确答案为：ABC2．The basic categories of human territory are .A．Primary territory B．Secondary territoryC．Third territory D．Publicterritory正确答案为：ABD3．When responding to compliment “ you look very nice in this dress ”, you should say __ .A．Thank you, but it is just so so B．No, it is quite ordinary C．Thank you, I'm glad that you like it D．Do you really think so? I was notsure whether it suits me 正确答案为：CD4．The Chinese equivalen t for ___________________ “a whitelie ” is .A •十足的撒谎B •白色的谎言C •无伤大雅的谎言D •无关紧要的谎话正确答案为：CD5．When responding to a praise, Chinese people would say “ 您过奖了”，which corresponds to “___ ”in English.A．You praise me too much. B．No, no. That's too much for me.C ．It's very kind of you to say so D．Thank you正确答案为：CD1．“黄色书刊” can be translated into .A．a yellow publication B．a filthy publicationC．a pornographic publication D．a sexual publication正确答案为：BCD2．“ ____ ”are positive words in En glish.A．Sexy B．Peasant C ．CapitalistD ．Individualism 正确答案为：ACD3．In Chinese culture, are honorifics.A •令尊B •请赐教C •献丑D •寒舍正确答案为：AB4．Paratactic relations refer to construction which are linked through ____ .A ．juxtaposition B．punctuation C．conjunctionD ．intonation正确答案为：ABD5．Which of the following questions would offend speakers of English?A．Do you go to church? B．Are you married or single?C．Who will you vote for? D．May I know your age?正确答案为：ABCD1．Nonverbal communication can serve to the verbal ones.A ．complementB ．contradict C．substitute D ．emphasize 正确答案为：ABCD2．“ Green” in English culture may be associated with .A ．envyB ．fruit and vegetables or gardening C．lacking experience ,training or knowledge D ．prosperity 正确答案为：ABC3．In English “ a white elephant ” is often used to refer to something ___ .A ．useless B．seldom usedC．too costly to be worth maintaining D．associated with blood sucking正确答案为：ABC4．When English speakers accept an invitation, they may say . A．“ That's very kind of you. Thank you. B．”“ That would be very nice. Thankyou. ”C．“ Thank you very much. I'll try to come. D．“I”'ll go if I am free. ”正确答案为：AB5．“不敢当” as response to a praise can be translated into . A．It's very kind of you to say so .B ．I'm not worthy of the praise.C．Thank you D．I do not deserve the praise.正确答案为：AC。

语言与文化作业（一）I. Translate the following terms into Chinese and then define each of them in English. 70%1. culture 文化Culture is the unique style and custom, which a nation forms in the history of its own development.2. communication 交际Communication may be defined as that which happens whenever someone responds to the behavior or the residue of the behavior of another person.3. one-way communication 单向沟通Communication without feedback is called one-way communication4. ethnocentrism 民族中心主义，民族优越感Ethnocentrism is a kind of psychological trend ,that is to interpret or to judge all other groups , their environments and their communication according to the categories and values of our own culture.5. privacy 私事权freedom from undesirable intrusions6. tips 小费The word“tips”is the abbreviation of the phrase“to insure prompt service”7. vocalic 非言语交际Vocalics refers to anything that that is spoken and heard except for words.II. Answer the following questions in English. 30%1.What are the differences between Chinese and English compliments?In English people exchange compliments each other: father to son, husband to wife, friend to friend, etc. But there are culturaldifferences between English and Chinese. Firstly cultural differences exist in who can be complimented. In English speaking countries one can praise members of one’s own family. A woman can talk about how hard her husband works and how well he has done in his career, and she might do the same about how well her children do at school. But Chinese people do not praise members of their own families. They consider it bad taste.Secondly, cultural differences exist in what can e complimented. It is quite common for a male English speaker to compliment females on their good looks, while it is almost a taboo in Chinese culture.2.What is the rule of introduction in the United States?In English culture the general rule is to introduce a young person to an older one, a man to a woman, an inferior to a superior, the guest to the host, an individual to a group. And be sure to mention first the name of the person we wish to honor. When introducing a man and a woman, mention the woman’s name first unless the man is much older than the woman or very famous. When introducing two males or two females, put the older person’s name first.When people are introduced, people normally shake hands in formal or business situations. In this occasion, men usually take off their gloves before shaking hands, but women do not have to. When a man and a woman are to shake hands, it is the woman who extends her hand first.pare Chinese and English "thanks".Differences lie in what to thank for. English speakers thank others for many reasons and on many occasions such as borrowing a pencil, asking for directions , requesting someone to pass on a message, receiving mails for others, calling a person to the phone and so on and so forth, and this seems to be unnecessary and sometimes even hypocritical to many Chinese people. On the other hand, the Chinese people tend to thank the one who has done them a major favor several times, this may seem excessive, empty or insincere to English speakers and therefore make them uncomfortable.Differences also lie in whom to thank. In English culture a male thanks his wife, a female thank her husband, a father thanks his son and close friends thank each other for having done anything. That is because people are treated as individuals and the kindness they have shown in whatever may should be appreciated explicitly. But in China, most of the polite expressions are reserved for stranger and casual friends. Family members and close friends never thank each other, for the Chinese attitude is that the appreciation is understood and need not be expressed among close friends and family members. However, this attitude may be taken for rudeness or lack of consideration by English speakers.语言与文化作业（二）I. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. 40％1. Nonverbal messages that are used to emphasize distinct points in verbal messages serve the function of accenting.2. Hypotactic relation at the sentential level refer to constructions whose components are linked through the use of conjunction.3. When one offers or urges another person to be first in going through a door, thenormal expression is After you .4. Cultures that allow people to interact at a close distance are referred to as__contact_ cultures.5. The English speaking people say "__Excuse me____" when they need to pass infront of others, to answer the phone or a door bell while talking with others.6. It is often said that English is a _paratactic _ language and Chinese a paratactic one.7. The English functional equivalent for “这是我应该做的”is _It’s my pleasure .8. In Western culture, individualism is one of the central themes. In contrast, thecentral theme of traditional Chinese culture was__environmentalism or collectivism _.II. Multiple Choice. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Decide which of the four alternatives best complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer. 30％1. The most common English replies to thank are “_____CD________.”a. It is nothingb. It is my dutyc. Not at alld. It is my pleasure2. When English speaking people part, they usually say “____AD________.”a. Good-byeb. It''''s nice to meet youc. Walk well, pleased. So long3. When responding to compliment" you look very nice in this dress",you should say “______CD________.”a. Thank you, but it is just so sob. No, it is quite ordinaryc. Thank you, I''''m glad that you like itd. Do you really think so? I was not sure whether it suits me4. Paratactic relations refer to construction which are linked through___ABD_____.a. juxtapositionb. punctuationc. conjunctiond. intonation5. Which of the following questions would offend speakers of English?a. Do you go to church?b. Are you married or single?c. Who will you vote for?d. May I know your age?III. Define the following term in English and then translate it into Chinese. 30%《语言communicative competenceCommunicative competence - knowledge of not only if something is formally possible in a language, but also the knowledge of whether it is feasible, appropriate, or done in a particular speech community.交际能力的知识不仅有正式的语言，同时也知道它是否是可行的，适当的，或在特定语言环境。

福师《语言与文化》在线作业一福师《语言与文化》在线作业一试卷总分:100 得分:100一、单选题 (共 35 道试题,共 70 分)1. The( )color is usually associated with celebrations and joyful occasions.A. whiteB. blackC. redD. blue满分：2 分2. ________number of errors was surprisingly small.A. TheB. AC. OneD. Little满分：2 分3. He made a request _______immediate help.A. atB. forC. onD. by满分：2 分4. In deciding_______a course of action, the candidates tried to estimate its likely impact on the voters．A. what to pursueB. which to pursueC. whether to pursueD. if to pursue满分：2 分5. The expression “ You don't seem to understand ”, can be called____from the perspective of interpersonal communication.A. beautiful wordsB. negative wordsC. redundant wordsD. softening words满分：2 分6. The definition of culture as the comprehensive features that distinguish one group of people from another will allow us to talk about( ).A. a universal cultureB. cultural differencesC. cultural universalsD. a specific problem满分：2 分7. When you see an American friend having dinner, you can greet him by saying____.A. Hello. Have a nice dinner.B. So, you're having dinner.C. How much do you have for dinner?D. How do you enjoy it ?满分：2 分8. American scholars generally trace the origin of intercultural communication to( ).A. cultural anthropologyB. sociolinguisticsC. comparative educationD. philosophy满分：2 分9. Jack is late again. It is ___ of him to keep others waiting.A. normalB. ordinaryC. commonD. typical满分：2 分10. In its narrow sense, culture is( ).A. whatever distinguishes one nation from all the other nationsB. the attributes of manC. life way of a populationD. intellectual or academic development满分：2 分11. Jack often complains_______able to communicate with his parents.A. of being notB. of not beingC. being notD. not being满分：2 分12. “Red tape” means____.A. a red cassetteB. the rigid unnecessary official rules and regulationsC. the necessary of official rules and regulationsD. a red string满分：2 分13. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers __ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.A. whereB. whenC. whoD. which满分：2 分14. In English culture, the introduction rule“____” is correct.A. When introducing two males or two females, put the younger person's name firstB. Men don't have to take off their gloves before shaking handsC. When a man and a woman are to shake hands, it is the man who extends his hand firstD. When introductions are made , start with first names, and add some descriptive notes满分：2 分15. ( )is the name given to a young man or young woman who rejects authority, existing institution and conventional attitudes towards morality, style of dress, etc.A. DukeB. CowboyD. Knight满分：2 分16. I have no doubt ________he will overcome all his difficulties.A. ifB. thatC. as toD. whether满分：2 分17. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _____ alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home.A. livingB. to liveC. to be livingD. having lived满分：2 分18. Humor is a most_______, yet frequently neglected means of handling the difficult situations in our lives.A. affirmativeB. affectionateD. effective满分：2 分19. The other day , Mum and I went to St. James’s Hospital , and they did lots and lots of tests on me , most of them____and frightening.A. cheerfulB. horribleC. hostileD. friendly满分：2 分20. In English speaking countries you usually introduce____, not the other way round.A. a man to a womanB. a woman to a manC. an old man to a young womanD. an old woman to a young man满分：2 分21. Only when I got there_______how badly the crops had been damaged.A. did I realizeB. I realizedC. then I realizedD. then did I realize满分：2 分22. The mayor____the police officer a medal of honor for his heroic deed in rescuing the earthquake victims.A. rewardedB. awardedC. creditedD. prized满分：2 分23. Americans don't like being inquired about their choice of voting, because( ).A. they don't want others to know about itB. they are afraid to being murderedC. they don't want others to support their choice of votingD. they are not sure of their own choice of voting满分：2 分24. In the sentence “He's merely parroting what many others have said”, the word “parroting” refers to____.A. estimatingB. acknowledgingC. imitatingD. imaging满分：2 分25. Man’s greatest energy comes not from his physic al strength_______his dreams.A. except fromB. yet fromC. however fromD. but from满分：2 分26. He has been teaching for 2years, but being a teacher is not his_____.A. chanceB. characterC. attitudeD. choice满分：2 分27. The word “workaholic” is often used to refer to____.A. AfricansB. AmericansC. ChineseD. Koreans满分：2 分28. Waving good-bye is an example of____.A. substitutionB. accentingC. regulatingD. complementing满分：2 分29. 寒舍is equivalent to____in English.A. my homeB. my humble homeC. my cold houseD. my shabby hut满分：2 分30. When a fire______at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed.A. broke offB. broke outC. broke downD. broke up满分：2 分31. In English culture, “White” connotes( ).A. deathB. longevityC. immaturityD. innocence满分：2 分32. When the city was_______, everyone knew that total defeat was certain.A. cut offB. cut downC. cut acrossD. cut out满分：2 分33. It is said that by tradition the Chinese culture is a____.A. shame cultureB. guilt cultureC. industrial cultureD. nomadic culture满分：2 分34. In some countries, ______is called "equality" does not really mean equal rights for all people.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. one满分：2 分35. I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting. It is not your fault. With __ rush-hour traffic and __ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late.A. a; aB. the; theC. /; /D. /; a满分：2 分二、判断题 (共 15 道试题,共 30 分)1. When an Americans says I thought it was quite reasonable in response to your inquiry about the price of something he has just bought, you can rightly assume that he is willing to tell you its exact price.A. 错误B. 正确满分：2 分2. To initiate conversation with an Englishman , you can say It's raining today, isn't it ？A. 错误B. 正确满分：2 分3. Whenever someone responds to the behavior or the behavior residue of another person, communication has taken place.A. 错误B. 正确满分：2 分4. （）Thanksgiving Day is on the fourth Saturday of November.A. 错误B. 正确满分：2 分5. （）Stereotyping has its practical uses and limitations, because it helps us better understand what appears to be a mess and at the same time any generalization is very often an overgeneralization.A. 错误B. 正确满分：2 分6. （）When you want to learn about an American's political stand, you can ask Are you a Republican or a Democrat?A. 错误B. 正确满分：2 分7. When you want to learn about an American's political stand, you can ask Are you a Republican or a Democrat?A. 错误B. 正确满分：2 分8. （）In the United States, the extended family, rather than the nuclear family, is considered the family.A. 错误B. 正确满分：2 分9. Stereotyping has its practical uses and limitations, because it helps us better understand what appears to be a mess and at the same time any generalization is very often an overgeneralization.A. 错误B. 正确满分：2 分10. Thanksgiving Day is on the fourth Saturday of November.A. 错误B. 正确满分：2 分11. （）It is a Chinese way of showing hospitality to insist on people accepting offers of drinks and cigarettes.A. 错误B. 正确满分：2 分12. （）Some anthropologists refer to custom, rituals and, ina word, the total life way of a people as popular culture.A. 错误B. 正确满分：2 分13. （）To initiate conversation with an Englishman , you can say It's raining today, isn't it ？A. 错误B. 正确满分：2 分14. Americans expect an invitation to a dinner or a request for a date or for any other social event to be offered reasonably far in advance.A. 错误B. 正确满分：2 分15. On your way to the school cinema, you happen to meet Professor Jones walking to the cinema, too. You can greet him by saying You're going to see the film, aren't you?A. 错误B. 正确满分：2 分。