VC++控件使⽤——菜单VC++简单应⽤指南四——菜单⼀、菜单资源设计1.打开⼯作区窗⼝，在Resource View选项卡中，右击，选择插⼊2.打开插⼊资源对话框，选择Menu节点，点击新建3.打开菜单资源设计窗⼝，再按Enter键，显⽰菜单资源属性窗⼝4.在菜单资源属性窗⼝中填写标题5.选中菜单标题填写的⼦菜单，并点击Enter 键或者双击6.添加分割线，在菜单资源属性中点选分隔符（Separator）7.⼦菜单添加弹出菜单，菜单资源属性中点选弹出（Pop-up）8.给菜单添加快捷键，在标题后添加“&+字母”，则Alt+字母就是快捷键⼆、菜单项的命令处理1.命令设置在类向导中；打开类向导，点选Message Maps选项卡2.打开Message Maps选项卡，Class name对应对话框；Object IDs对应菜单项ID；Messages 对应事件：COMMAND单击事件3.选择COMMAND单击事件，点击Add Function，弹出创建窗⼝，点击OK4.在类向导中点击Edit Code按钮，显⽰命令处理函数三、动态创建菜单1.创建基于对话框的应⽤程序2.头⽂件中声明⼀个CMenu类对象m_Menu3.1在FileView选项卡中打开资源头⽂件（Resource.h），定义命令ID3.2在资源头⽂件中添加的代码如下#define ID_MENUCAT 1001#define ID_MENUDOG 1002#define ID_MENUMONKEY 10034.1在对话框OnInitDialog⽅法中创建菜单 4.2创建菜单程序m_Menu.CreateMenu();CMenu m_PopMenu;m_PopMenu.CreatePopupMenu();m_Menu.AppendMenu(MF_POPUP,(UINT)m_PopMenu,m_hMenu,"动物");m_PopMenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING,ID_MENUCAT,"猫");m_PopMenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING,ID_MENUDOG,"狗");m_PopMenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING,ID_MENUMONKEY,"猴⼦");m_PopMenu.Detach();SetMenu(&m_Menu);5.2程序5.1在对话框的头⽂件中声明菜单的消息处理函数afx_msg void OnMenucat();afx_msg void OnMenudog();afx_msg void OnMenumonkey();6.2程序6.1在对话框源⽂件中添加消息映射宏，将命令ID关联到消息处理函数中ON_COMMAND(ID_MENUCAT,OnMenucat)ON_COMMAND(ID_MENUDOG,OnMenudog)ON_COMMAND(ID_MENUMONKEY,OnMenumonkey) 7.1在对话框源⽂件中添加消息处理函数7.2程序void CMy124Dlg::OnMenucat(){MessageBox("猫");}void CMy124Dlg::OnMenudog(){MessageBox("狗");}void CMy124Dlg::OnMenumonkey(){MessageBox("猴⼦");}四、创建弹出式菜单1.创建基于对话框的应⽤程序2.在资源选项卡中右击，选择插⼊，在插⼊资源窗⼝中选择Menu 点击新建3.对菜单进⾏编辑4.在对话框头⽂件中声明⼀个CMenu类对象m_Menu6.在类视图选项卡中，右击对话框程序节点，然后选择Add Windows Message Handler命令，在弹出的对话框中选择WM_RBUTTONUP 事件，点击Add Handler ，点击确定：⿏标右键抬起触发m_Menu.LoadMenu(IDR_MENU1);7.1在⿏标右键抬起事件处理函数中添加代码7.2程序CMenu *pMenu =m_Menu.GetSubMenu(0);CRect rect;ClientToScreen(&point);rect.top = point.x;rect.left = point.y;pMenu->TrackPopupMenu(TPM_LEFTALIGN|TPM_LEFTBUTTON|TPM_VERTICAL,rect.top,rect.left,this,&rect);8.1给弹出菜单中添加⽂件增加单击事件8.2程序MessageBox("成功");五、创建图标菜单1.创建基于对话框的应⽤程序2.在⼯作区窗⼝选择Recource View选项卡，右击⼀个节点，弹出快捷菜单，点击Insert命令3.在插⼊资源窗⼝，选择菜单资源，插⼊并编辑4.新建⼀个类；打开类向导，创建类名为CMenuIcon，5.打开CMenuIcon类的头⽂件，为该类添加⼀个基类Cmenu6.1在CMenuIcon头⽂件中定义⼀个数据结6.2程序构，⽤来保存菜单信息struct CMenuItem{CString m_ItemText;int m_IconIndex;int m_ItemID;};int m_Index;int m_IconIndex;CImageList m_ImageList;8.2程序8.1在CMenuIcon类的构造函数中初始化图像列表m_Index=0;m_IconIndex=0;m_ImageList.Create(16,16,ILC_COLOR24|ILC_MASK,0,0);m_ImageList.Add(AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(IDI_ICON1));m_ImageList.Add(AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(IDI_ICON2));m_ImageList.Add(AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(IDI_ICON3));m_ImageList.Add(AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(IDI_ICON4));m_ImageList.Add(AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(IDI_ICON5));m_ImageList.Add(AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(IDI_ICON6));9.1在CMenuIcon类中添加AttatchMenu⽅法9.2AttatchMenu⽅法中添加程序9.3程序LoadMenu(m_uID);return TRUE;10.210.1在CMenuIcon类中添加MenuItem⽅法，并添加程序BOOL CMenuIcon::MenuItem(CMenu *pMenu){if(pMenu!=NULL){int m_Count=pMenu->GetMenuItemCount();for(int i=0;ipMenu->GetMenuString(i,m_ItemLists[m_Index].m_ItemText,MF_B YPOSITION);int m_itemID=pMenu->GetMenuItemID(i);m_ItemLists[m_Index].m_ItemID=m_itemID;if(m_itemID>0){m_ItemLists[m_Index].m_IconIndex=m_IconIndex;m_IconIndex+=1;}RING,m_ItemLists[m_Index].m_ItemID,(LPSTR)&(m_ItemLists[m_Index])); m_Index+=1;CMenu *m_SubMenu=pMenu->GetSubMenu(i);if(m_SubMenu){MenuItem(m_SubMenu);}}} return TRUE；}11.2程序11.1重载CMenuIcon类中MeasureItem虚拟⽅法，计算菜单项的⼤⼩1.在类上⽅右击，选择新建成员函数，并创建voidCMenuIcon::MeasureItem(LPMEASUREITEMSTRUCT IpStruct){if(IpStruct->CtlType==ODT_MENU){IpStruct->itemHeight=ITEMHEIGHT;IpStruct->itemWidth=ITEMWIDTH;CMenuItem* m_item;m_item=(CMenuItem*)IpStruct->itemData;IpStruct->itemWidth=((CMenuItem*)IpStruct->itemData)->m_ItemText.GetLength()*10;if(m_item->m_ItemID==0){IpStruct->itemHeight=2;}}}员函数，绘制菜单项⽂本void CMenuIcon::DrawItemText(CDC *pDC,LPSTR Str, CRect Rect){pDC->DrawText(Str,Rect,DT_CENTER|DT_VCENTER|DT_SINGLELINE);13.2程序13.1在CMenuIcon类中添加DrawItemIcon成员函数，绘制菜单项图标void CMenuIcon::DrawItemIcon(CDC *pDC, CRect Rect, int Icon){m_ImageList.Draw(pDC,Icon,CPoint(Rect.left+2,Rect.top+4),ILD_TRANSPARENT);}14.2程序14.1在CMenuIcon类中添加DrawSeparater成员函数，绘制分隔条void CMenuIcon::DrawSeparater(CDC *pDC, CRect Rect){pDC->Draw3dRect(Rect,RGB(255,0,255),RGB(255,0,255));}15.2程序15.1在CMenuIcon类中添加DrawTopMenu成员函数，绘制顶层菜单void CMenuIcon::DrawTopMenu(CDC *pDC, CRect Rect, BOOL Selected){if(Selected){pDC->Rectangle(&Rect);Rect.DeflateRect(1,1);pDC->FillSolidRect(Rect,RGB(192,170,220));}else{pDC->FillSolidRect(&Rect,RGB(192,192,192));}成员函数，绘制普通菜单项void CMenuIcon::DrawComMenu(CDC *pDC, CRect Rect, BOOL Selected) {if(Selected){pDC->Rectangle(&Rect);Rect.DeflateRect(1,1);pDC->FillSolidRect(Rect,RGB(255,0,0));}else{pDC->FillSolidRect(&Rect,RGB(255,255,255));}}17.2程序17.1重载CMenuIcon类中DrawItem虚拟⽅法，根据菜单项的不同状态绘制菜单项void CMenuIcon::DrawItem(LPDRAWITEMSTRUCT IpStruct){ if(IpStruct->CtlType==ODT_MENU) {if(IpStruct->itemData==NULL)return;unsigned int m_state=IpStruct->itemState;CDC* pDC=CDC::FromHandle(IpStruct->hDC);CString str =((CMenuItem*)(IpStruct->itemData))->m_ItemText;LPSTR m_str = str.GetBuffer(str.GetLength());intm_itemID=((CMenuItem*)(IpStruct->itemData))->m_ItemID;intm_itemicon=((CMenuItem*)(IpStruct->itemData))->m_IconIndex;CRect m_rect=IpStruct->rcItem;pDC->SetBkMode(TRANSPARENT);switch(m_itemID) {case -1: {DrawTopMenu(pDC,m_rect,(m_state&ODS_SELECTED)||(mDrawItemText(pDC,m_str,m_rect);break; }case 0: {DrawSeparater(pDC,m_rect);break;}default: {DrawComMenu(pDC,m_rect,m_state&ODS_SELECTED);DrawItemText(pDC,m_str,m_rect);DrawItemIcon(pDC,m_rect,m_itemicon);break; }}}}18.在对话框头⽂件中声明CMenuIcon类对象m_Menu 19.在对话框OnInitDialog⽅法中加载菜单资源，并设置菜单项m_Menu.AttatchMenu(IDR_MENU1);m_Menu.MenuItem(&m_Menu);this->SetMenu(&m_Menu);20重载对话框的OnDrawItem⽅法，在该⽅法中体⽤菜单类中DrawItem⽅法21重载对话框的OnMeasureItem⽅法，在该⽅法中体⽤菜单类中MeasureItem⽅法22.屏蔽message_map 23.析构函数中添加程序m_ImageList.Detach();。
