高二英语：定语从句精讲精练

高二英语期中专题复习---定语从句精讲精练一.定语从句及相关术语1.定语从句:修饰一个________或______的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词关系词有_____________和_______________。

关系代词有________________________________等；关系副词有＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿等。

关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。

2，代替先行词。

3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。

三限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句(1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.非限制性定语从句举例：(1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 考点分析：一限制性定语从句只能用that 的几种情况(1) Have you taken down everything _______Mr. Li has said?(2) All _______ can be done has been done.(3) The first place ________ they visited in London was the Big Ben.(4) This is the best film ______ I have seen.(5) This is the very dictionary ________ I want to buy.(6) Who is the man _______ is standing there?(7) Can you remember the scientist and his theory _______ we have learned?1．当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some 等代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等修饰时,如1,22. 当先行词被_________修饰,如33. 当先行词被__________修饰时,如44. 当先行词被__________, the only修饰时,如55. 当先行词前面有___________, which等疑问代词时,如66. 当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时,如7二定语从句只用which的情况1The room in ______I study is very cool in summer.2He bought the book yesterday, _______ he enjoyed very much.3He stole some money, _______ made his father angry.4What’s that _______ was put in the box?5Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library ______ was newly open to us.1_________ 在关系代词前，只用which2.________中，做主语和宾语只用which3.代替前面的话，翻译为“这一点，这件事”。

只能用which4.先行词为_______，those时，只用which5.有两个定语从句时，前面用_____，后面用______，避免重复三介词+关系代词“of + which/whom”可用来限定名词、代词、分数词、数词等。

1. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____________ she could turn for help.关系代词前介词的确定1 Is that the newspaper _________you often write articles?根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，2. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms _________I’m sure.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：3. 1949 was the year________ the P.R.C. was founded.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，4. There are 50 students in our class, two- thirds of _______have been to Beijing.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词+ of + 关系代词”的结构，如：5. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.第1页共2页第2页共2页They lived in a house, _________the door opens to the south.They lived in a house, the door ___________open to the south.Whose从句可转换为“ of +关系代词”型，如：用适当的介词填空1. The sun gives us heat and light, _ _______ which we can’t live.2. The student _______ whom we were talking just now is the best student in our class.3. I’ll never forget the day ____ which she said good-bye to me.4. Who can give me the reason _____ which he hasn’t turned up yet?四：as与which引导的定语从句两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用as。

1. 关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。

_______we all know, the earth is round.2. 当与such或the same连用时，一般用as。

Such books ______you tell me are interesting. I have the same plan _____you.3. 当从句和主句语义一致时，用as，反之则用which。

She has married again, ______was expected. She has married again,______ was unexpected. 4. as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如be known，be said，be reported等，如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用which作主语。

She has been late again, ______was expected.Tom has made great progress, ______made us happy.5 当非限制定语从句为否定时，常用which引导。

Tom drinks a lot every day, ______his wife doesn’t like at all.注意：当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时，常用whichTom was always late for school, ______made his teacher angry.要点提示:1. 在限定性定语从句中,常见的搭配方式有:the same...as,as...as,not so / as...as, such...as 等。

2.在非限定性定语从句中,常见的搭配方式有:as we all know(=as is known to us all),as is said(reported,mentioned,etc.)above,as it is等,可置于句首、句中或句末。

五：定语从句中关系代词与先行词的一致性定语从句中关系代词一般应与它所指代的先行词的单复数保持主谓一致。

用适当的be动词填空He is the only one of the students who ______here just now.He is one of the students who _________here just now.如果"one of +复数名词"后跟有定语从句，一般情况下"one of"后的复数名词为先行词，但当one前有the only,the very,just the修饰时，先行词则为one。

改错题：1.Those who has finished may go home．2.He is the only one of the teachers who know French in our school．3.This is one of the rooms that is free now4. Anyone who break the law will be punished．六; 定语从句与强调结构It is the place where they lived before.It is in the place that they lived before.强调句的结构:It is / was+强调部分+that/ who + 句子.若去掉It is / was...that/ who ...句子结构仍然完整,就为强调句.用适当的词填空1.It is the playground _____ I picked up this wallet.2.It is on the playground _____ I picked up this wallet.3 It was four clock ___________ they got there.4 It was at four clock ___________ they got there .七：定语从句与并列结构He has two sons, neither of _______looks like him.He has two sons, and neither of ________looks like him.八：区分定语从句和同位语从句1．定语从句修饰先行词，它和先行词是_______；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，是________ (1) The plane that has just taken off is for London. (2) The fact that he has been dead is clear. 2．定语从句由关系代词或者关系副词引导，关系词在句中充当成分，有时可以省略；同位语从句主要由_______引导，在句中一般不做成分；句子也可以由___________________________________等词引导，充当成分判别下列句子哪些是定语从句，哪些是同位语从句(1) The news he told me is true.(2) The news that he has just died is true.(3) The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money.(4) The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.（5）His proposal that we go there on foot is acceptable.（6）Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online.（7）The first request that he made was to ask for freedom.（8）Do you have any idea where we will be sent?（9）Is this the company where your father works?（10）This is the reason that he gave for his absence.3. 同位语从句和先行词一般可以用be动词发展成一个完整的句子，而定语从句不可以(1) The fact that the earth moves around the earth is known to all. 同位语(2) The fact is that the earth moves around the earth.定语从句做题步骤:1.找先行词，2.选关系词，3.看其成分，代、副看分明，千万别忘记。