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2020-07新高一进阶基础——句子入门到精通第三课：认识句子基本成分：一个句子由若干个成分组成，叫作句子成分。
句子成分在句子中的作用分别为：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语、表语和同位语。
一、各种词类:（一）基本概念：1. 写出各种词类的英语缩写:名词_______动词________形容词_________副词_________代词_________2. 辨认下列符号分别为何种词类:art. ________ prep. ________ conj._______ num._______ interj.________3. 试判断下列单词的词性, 并归类:take, button, chair, machine, ride, forget, one, and, serious, carefully, hmn, er, his, us, beautiful, over, under, an, friendly, weeklyn._________________v. __________________prep._____________adj.______________ conj._______________pron.______________ art.__________ interj.___________ adv. ___________ num.____________你知道各种词类在句中分别担任何种成分吗?(二). 名词1、将下列名词按可数, 不可数分类。
是可数名词的，写出它们的复数形式。
information, news, watch, machine, milk, advice, baby, boy, box, house, drug, knife, roof, equipment, American, 1.uncountable nouns: ______________________________________________________________________2. countable nouns: (s) _______________________________________________________________________(pl)_______________________________________________________________________________ __你知道单数可数名词变复数的基本规律吗？名词可作句中的哪些成分？2. 练习：1. In this strange village, there are many small flags on their ___________.(roof)2. He gained his ________ by printing ______ of famous writers.A. wealth, workB. wealths, worksC. wealths, workD. wealth, works3. I’ll look into the matter as soon as possible. Just have a little _______.A. waitB. timeC. patienceD. rest4. Many people agree that ________ knowledge of English is a must in ______ international trade today.A. a, /B. the, anC. the, theD. /, the5. 他掉了一只咖啡杯，打碎了。
2019年初高中衔接英语语法名词和冠词专项练习(一)冠词概述冠词是限定词的一种，自己不能单独使用，只能依附于一个名词帮助说明这个名词的含义。
因此冠词也可以说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词而单独存在。
冠词有三种形式：不定冠词a(an)，定冠词(the)和零冠词(即不使用冠词)。
冠词用法每次中考都会出现，主要考查：(1)名词前的定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词的用法；(2)固定搭配中的冠词用法。
a，an的用法区别是常考内容。
序数词前及形容词最高级前或姓氏前使用定冠词也是近年来中考的常考内容。
(二)基础知识梳理1．不定冠词a／an的用法不定冠词用来修饰单数可数名词，指人或物中的某一个或某一类，但不具体说明是何人何物。
如：A famous astronaut will give us a talk the week after next．a用在以辅音音素(不是辅音字母)开头的单词前，如：a university student，a European country；an用在以元音音素(不是元音字母)开头的单词前，如：an honest girl，an underground train．现将不定冠词的基本用法归纳如下：1)首次提到某人某物，不定冠词起介绍作用。
如：Long long ago an old man lived in a small village．2)表示“每一”的意思，常用于表示时间、速度的名词之前，相当于every。
如：ten meters a second，twice a week3)也可用于不可数的物质名词和抽象名词之前，使其具体化。
如：1 would like a drink．It’s a great joy to live in Shanghai．4)某些固定短语中，要用不定冠词。
如：have a good time，in a hurry，have a break，for a while，a pair of，have a look，with a smile，take an active part in．2．定冠词the的用法1)指第二次提到的人或物。
名词养成良好的答题习惯，是决定成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
一、可数名词的复数(1)规则变化【知识拓展】①以－o结尾的下列名词要加－es，它们是＂黑人英雄在回声中吃土豆、西红柿＂，即Negroes，heroes，echoes，potatoes，tomatoes。
但下列以－o结尾的名词既可以加－es，也可以加－s，它们是：zeros(zeroes)零，mosquitos (mosquitoes)蚊子，volcanos(volcanoes)火山。
①以－f或－fe结尾的下列名词需要把f或fe去掉，加－ves，它们是＂为了自己活命，小偷和他的妻子手里拿着刀子和树叶站在架子上，把狼劈成两半＂，即selves，lives，thieves，wives，knives，leaves，shelves，wolves，halves。
但下列以－f结尾的名词既可以去掉f加－ves，也可以直接加－s，如：handkerchiefs (handkerchieves) 手帕。
①名词前有man或woman修饰，变复数时，作定语的man 或woman和后面的名词都要变成复数。
如：woman doctor→women doctors(2)不规则变化①自身有特殊变化的名词child孩子→children man男人→men tooth牙→teethfoot脚，英尺→feet mouse老鼠→mice phenomenon现象→phenomenamedium传播媒介→media①常见单复数同形的名词：Chinese 中国人；sheep 绵羊；deer鹿；series 系列；means 方式；works 工厂；fish 鱼；fruit 水果等。
✧初中英语语法大全语法网络图
✧专题一名词1、名词的种类：
1. 规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。
现将构成方法
s
以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y
piano-pianos, photo-pho
以元音字母
man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-gees
cans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes,
English
8
名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。
所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加’s 构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。
前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。
the children’s toys,wo
3. of所有格的用法：
用于无生命的东西：the legs of the cha ir, the cover of the book
用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year students
用于名词化的词：the struggle of the oppressed。
OverviewWarm-upSay something about your plans for the summer vacation.Play with Friends ? Go to cinema? Travel ?Stay at home?IntroductionListening Practice: complete the passage according to what you hear.Let it go, Let it go Can't hold you back anymoreLet it go, Let it go Turn my back and slam the doorThe snow blows white on the mountain tonight Not a footprint to be seenA kingdom of isolation and it looks like I'm the QueenThe wind is howling like the swirling storm inside Couldn't keep it in, heaven knows I tried Don't let them in, don't let them see Be the good girlYou always had to be Conceal, don't feelDon't let them know Well, now they knowLet it go, Let it go Can't hold you back anymoreLet it go, Let it go Turn my back and slam the doorAnd here I stand, and here I'll stay Let it go, Let it goThe cold never bothered me anywayFollow meOn the level？靠谱吗？相当于“really”和“serious”。
初高中衔接英语语法专项练习I名词和冠词1.Beyond ________ stars, the astronaut saw nothing but ________ space.A. the; XB. X; XC. X; theD. the; the2.Alexander Graham Bell invented ________telephone in 1876.A. XB. aC. theD. one3.________terrible weather we’re having these days!A. How aB. What aC. HowD. What4.—Where’s Jack?—I think he’s still in ________ bed, but he might just be in ________bathroom.A. X; XB. the; theC. the; XD. X; the5.We have worked out the plan and now we must put it into ________.A. factB. realityC. practiceD. deed6.Many people are still in ________ habit of writing silly things in ________public places.A. the; theB. X; XC. the; XD. X; the7.He dropped the ________and broke it.A. cup of coffeeB. coffee’s cupC. cup for coffeeD. coffee cup8.— How did the boss pay you?— As a rule, we were paid ________.A. by the hourB. by hourC. by an hourD. by hours9.I am very obliged to him, for he has done me________.A. many kindnessB. lots of kindnessC. many kindnessesD. much kindness10.— Could you leave me your dictionary?—Certainly, but it isn’t really________.A. of much useB. of great usefulC. much usefulD. for much use11.________is needed badly in the stricken areas.A. A lot of clothesB. Many a clothC. Much clothingD. Plenty ofclothesst year the old woman fired two ________in her house.A. woman servant’sB. women servantC. woman servantD. womenservants13.________are sold in Wuhan Commercial Market.A. Men’s and children’s shoesB. Men and children shoesC. Man and child’s shoesD. Men’s and child’s shoes14.They are such diligent ________that they have already made ________.A. students; so much progressB. student; great progressesC. students; such much progressD. students; so great progress15.Like ________of the per iod, he didn’t see any jet plane.A. another ChineseB. some GermenC. many JapanesesD. other Indians16.The house with many guests in it was suddenly________.A. in fireB. on a fireC. on fireD. in a fire17.Mr. Smith gave us ________how to learn English well.A. a good advice onB. some good advice onC. two good advice4 onD. some piece of good advice on18.I’m full now, would you like ________ bread?A. one more B . some more C. any more D. another piece19.Scientists are trying to find ________ that they can prevent pollution.A. meanB. meansC. waysD. method20.He didn’t know if there was ________on the line but there was something heavy.A. fishB. a fishC. fishsD. fishes21.Would you fetch me ________ here?A. 3 chalksB. 3 box of chalkC. 3 pieces of chalksD. 3 boxes ofchalk22.The workers can complete our new library in ________.A. 2 and half a monthB. 2 months and halfC. 2 and a half monthsD. 2 monthes and a half23.This painting ________has interested many visitors.A. in water colorsB. with water colorC. in water colorD. by water colors24.Can you show me the ________taken by those ________students?A. photos; boyB. photoes; boyC. photos; boysD. photoes; boys25.He bought ________eggs for four yuan.A. 2 dozenB. 2 dozensC. 2 dozen ofD. 2 dozens of26.________ in the forest like to eat ________certain kind of wild rose.A. Deer; theB. Deer; aC. Deers; someD. Deers; a27.He is worried about tomorrow’s driving test, would you please have ________ with him?A. wordsB. a wordC. talkD. talks28.There is a bottle of ________in the hand of the ________teacher.A. chemical; chemicalB. chemistry; chemistryC. chemicals; chemistryD. chemicals; chemist29.It’s good ________to wait in line.A. habitB. wayC. mannerD. manners30.If you want to reduce your weight, you’d better take ________.A. restB. the advicesC. more exerciseD. morningexercise31.In 1980 Mr. Li was made ________ of our school.A. headmasterB. a headmasterC. the headmasterD. of headmaster32.He wants three ________at the same time.A. cups of coffeeB. cup of coffeeC. coffeeD. cups of coffees33.You can’t fill up the form in ________.A. the pencilB. a pencil c. pencils D. pencil34.________she has got!A. What good knowledge of EnglishB. What good a knowledge of EnglishC. How good knowledge of EnglishD. How good a knowledge of English35.Mr. Stock well runs ________small business, who is in Mexico on ________.A. a; businessB. X; businessC. a; the businessD. X; businesses36.The old farmer raises a lot of ________on his farm.A. cows and sheepsB. cows and sheepC. cow and sheepsD. cow and sheep37.She broke a ________while she was washing up.A. glass wineB. wine glassC. glass of wineD. glass of thewine38.Three years is the ________to a soldier in our country.A. usual service lengthsB. usual length of serviceC. lengthy service usuallyD. service of lengths usually39.— What did Tom do?— He turned on ________.A. televisionB. the televisionC. a televisionD. televisions40.He had the boy finish writing ________article last night.A. a 800-wordsB. a 800-wordC. an 800-wordsD. an 800-word41.The grammar of ________Chinese language is quite different from that of________Japanese.A. X; XB. the; XC. the; theD. X; the42.________ducks I bought last Sunday have all died from eating ________worms in the fields.A. The; theB. X; theC. The; XD. X; X43.She is in ________hospital and will have ________operation ________next Friday.A. a; X; XB. the; an; theC. X; an; XD. a; X; the44.No wonder________more people go to ________evening, ________better it will be.A. the; X; theB. the; the; theC. X; an; XD. X; X; X45.The two ________bought ________before moving into the new house.A. Germans; several pieces of furnitureB. Germen; a few pieces of furnitureC. Germans; some furnitureD. Germen; just two furniture46.________is red. This is ________.A. Her; her sister-in-lawB. Her; sister-in-law’sC. Hers; her sister-in-law’sD. her’s; her sister’s-in-law47.It is said that they will get in ________good harvest this year.A. theB. aC. veryD. X48.I ordered________book some time ago. ________book has arrived now.A. the; AB. a; TheC. a; AD. X; The49.________Chinese managed to keep the method________secret.A. The; aB. The; theC. X; aD. X; the50.It’s ________ most interesting story. But it isn’t ________most interesting o ne.A. the; the B; a; the C. the; a D. X; the51.There is ________ “m” in the word “mother”.A. aB. anC. theD. X52.They got to the island________.A. in a boatB. by a shipC. by the airD. by the way53.________dinner is on the table now. They will have ________good dinner.A. The; theB. The; aC. A; theD. A; a54.She took her daughter by ________hand.A. herB. aC. bothD. the55.The old man entered the yard, ________.A. stick in handB. a stick in the handC. stick in his handD. with a stick inhand56.He is going to make ________with that girl.A. the friendB. a friendC. friendsD. the friends57.________brothers are two honest shoe-makers.A. SmithB. The SmithC. The SmithsD. That Smith58.When we were ________, we often wrote compositions________.A. at school; in classB. in school; in the classC. at schools; in classD. in school; inclasses59.He has poor eyesight. so the teacher asked him to sit in ________the room.A. front ofB. the front ofC. first row ofD. the row one of60.________Atlantic is ________second largest ocean in the world.A. X; theB. The; XC. X; aD. The; the 1—10. ACDDC CDACA 11—20. CDAAD CBBCB 21—30. DCAAA BBCDC 31—40. AADDA BBBBD 41—50. BACBA CBBAB 51—60. BABDA CBABD。
英语初高中衔接辅导材料（教师版）专题一名词知识训练和讲解一、初中知识点回顾（一）感知体验D1．--- Where have you been, Tim? --- I’ve been to ______.A. the Henry houseB. the Henry familyC. The Henry’s homeD. Henry’sB2．In England, if ____ is in the middle of the day, the evening meal is called supper.A. foodB. lunchC. breakfastD. dinnerB3．You looked for it twice, but you haven’t found it. Why not try ____ .A. three timesB. a third timeC. the third timeD. onceB4．--- They are thirsty. Will you please give them ______ ? --- Certainly.A. some bottles of watersB. some bottles of waterC. some bottle of waterD. some bottle of watersB 5．Mike hurt one of his ______ in the accident yesterday.A. toothB. feetC. handD. earB6．There is some _______ on the plate.A. cakesB. meatC. potatoD. pearsA7．In England, the last name is the _______ .A. family nameB. middleC. given nameD. full nameD8．They are going to fly _______ to Beijing.A. GermenB. GermanyC. GermanysD. GermansC9．The______ has two _______ .A. boys; watchesB. boy; watchC. boy; watchesD. boys; watchC 10．The little baby has two _______ already.A. toothB. toothsC. teethD. teethsC11．What’s your _______ for being late again?A. ideaB. keyC. excuseD. newsD12．--- It’s dangerous here. We’d better go out quickly.--- But I think we should let _______ go out first.A. woman and childrenB. women and childC. woman and childD. women and childrenB13．--- You can see Mr. Smith if there i s a sign “_____ ”on the door of his shop.--- Thanks.A.ENTRANCEB.BUSINESS HOURSC.THIS SIDE UPD.NO SMOKINGA14．Are they going to have a picnic on _______ ?A. Children’s DayB. Childrens’s DayC. Childrens DayD. Children DayB 15．Where are the students? Are they in _______ ?A. the Room 406B. Room 406C. the 406 RoomD. 406 RoomA 16. —Are there any _______ in the picture? —Yes, there are.A. fishB. porkC. beefD.sheepsD 17.The singer felt very sorry and decided he would never drive again after drinking. The traffic accident was really a _________ to him.A．game B. pleasure C. skill D. lessonC18. — Would you please pass me something to drink?— What about some ______?A. beefB. fishC. juiceD. breadB 19. —Excuse me. may 1 know your_______?— Sure. It's No. 3. Bridge Street.A. houseB. addressC. wayD. placeC 20. _______ about the sports meeting make us excited.A. NewsB. InformationC. MessagesD. AdviceA 21. Can you imagine what life will be like in ______ time?A. 50 years’B. 50 year’sC. 50-years’D. 50-yearsD22. The old man used to raise many _____ to make a living on the farm.A.duckB. horseC.birdD.sheepA 23. Please pick up the ____. Don’t keep it on the floor.A. paperB. boxesC. booksD. bottles16-20 21-25D 24. —Could you please tell me something about the two_ ?—____. They arc exchange students of No. 1 Middle School.A. Frenchmen; Yes, pleaseB. Frenchmans; Come onC. Germen; Not at allD. Germans; All rightD 25.—How many teachers are there in your school? —them over two hundred.A. woman; The number of; isB. women; The number of; isC. woman; A number of; isD. women; A number of; are（二）归纳讲解1、名词的种类专有名词London, John, the Communist Party of China普通名词nurse, boy, worker, pencil, dog, table集体名词class, family, army, police, team, people物质名词water, steel, glass, cotton, wood, sand抽象名词happiness, love, work, life, courage, honest2、名词的句法功能主语My family is now in New York.表语His father is a scientist.宾语We love our great motherland.宾语补足语He made London the base for his work.定语The girls are making paper flowesrs.状语The car cost him 1000 dollars.同位语Mr Brown, a famous scientist, will come here.3、名词的数(1).可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。
高一语法配套练习——名词1. A number of soldiers ____ at he camp gate（军营门口）.A. have gatheredB. has gatheredC. isD. was2. The Browns have spent a large ____ of money on their new car.A. dealB. amountC. numberD. size3. ____ work has been done to improve the people’s living standard.A. ManyB. A great manyC. A great deal ofD. A number of4. Mr Li shook ____ warmly with a friend.A. handB. a handC. handsD. the hands5. Two ____, please. A. coffee B. coffees C. cup of coffee D. cups coffee6. I can’t pay as ____ as he asked for.A. high price aB. high priceC. a high priceD. high a price7. ____ knowledge of space develops rapidly. A. Man’s B. Men’s C. Mens’ D. Person’s8.I stayed at ____. A. Xiao Wang’s B. Wang’s home C. the Wangs D. home of Wang9. Sister Carrie works in a ____ factory. A. shoes B. shoses C. shoe D. shoe’s10. Have you ever read ____?A. today newspaperB. newspaper todayC. newspaper of todayD. today’s newspaper11. The ____ of the room were covered with ____.A. roofs, leafsB. roofs, leavesC. rooves, leafsD. rooves, leaves12. There are three ____ in our factory.A. woman doctorsB. women doctorsC. woman doctorD. women doctor13. Which do you prefer ____ or ____?A. potatos, tomatosB. potatos, tomatoesC. potatoes, tomatosD. potatoes, tomatoes14. They are ____ of different presses(出版社). Now they are having a meeting in one of the ____ office.A. editor-in-chiefs, editors-in-chief’sB. editors-in-chief, editor-in-chief’sC. editors-in-chiefs, editor’s-in-chief’sD. editors-in-chief, editors-in-chief’s15. The ant has two ____.A. stomachesB. stomacksC. stomachD. stomachs16. He doesn’t like ____ for supper.A. chickB. chickenC. chickensD. chicks17. It was ____ hot weather that many of us went swimming.A. soB. suchC. so asD. such a18. ____ wonderful space they saw on the room!A. HowB. How aC. WhatD. What a19. We know ____ travels not so fast as light.A. soundB. soundsC. the soundsD. a sound20. My family raise a lot of ____, including two ____.A. cattle, cowsB. cows, cattleC. cattles, cowsD. cow, cattles21. The room was so quiet that she could hear the ____ of her heart.A. beatingB. waysC. knockingD. striking22. ____ has been told not to throw waste things anywhere.A. The publicB. PeopleC. WomenD. Man23. He was an ____ in the government ____.A. office, officialB. official, officeC. officer, officeD. official, officer24. There are several ____ in this novel who are different in ____.A. character, characterB. characters, charactersC. character, charactersD. characters, character25. We visited him ____ when he was in hospital.A. every other daysB. each other dayC. every other dayD. every two day26. Tom usually takes a ____ in bus on rainy days. A. walk B. ride C. trip D. travel27. We have no ____ about where she has gone.A. informationB. newsC. messageD. flash28. Food and ____ are daily necessities（需要）for the people.A. clothB. clotheC. clothesD. clothing29. My ____ of hearing is not so good as it used to be. A. strength B. sense C. power D. skill30. The ____ caused by carelessness ____ yesterday. Many workers were killed.A. incident, was happenedB. matter, happenedC. event, was taken placeD. accident, took place名词答案：1~5 ABCCB 6~10 DAACD 11~15 BBDDD 16~20 BBCAA 21~25 AABDC 26~30 BADBD。
初中英语语法梳理和提高3名词综合练习和答案2021-06-11 09:20:08 来源：英语教师网名词的所有格名词的所有格是表示名词之间的所有关系,有两种表示形式, 一种是在名词后+'s；另一种是用of, 表示"……的"。
1. (1) 一样词的所有格, 直接在词尾 +'s。
eg. Mr. Mott's robot, children's clothes(2) 以s结尾的名词所有格只在词尾 +' eg. teachers' books(3) 两人共有的物体, 那么在第二个名词后+'s; 若是别离是两人所有, 那么在每一个名词后面+'s。
eg. Lucy and Lily's room. (指两人共住一个房间)Mrs Green's and Mrs Brown's son. (指两人各自的儿子)(4) 表示某具体场所时, 所有格后面的名词可省略eg. the doctor's (office) Mr. White's2.(1) 没有生命的事物一样用of 短语来表示所属关系。
eg. the wall of the classroom，a picture of the bedroom，(2) 名词的的定语较长时,有生命的事物也可用of短语表示。
eg. a long story of a 50-year-old man(4) 双重所有格 eg. a friend of his, the big nose of Tom's(5) 有些表示时刻、距离、国家、城市等无生命的东西的名词，也能够加's来组成所有格。
eg. ten minutes' walk, today's newspaper例题解析：触类旁通，学的更轻松！1. They got much _____ from those new books.A. ideasB. photosC. newsD. stories解析: much 是用来修饰不可数名词的, A B D三个选项均是可是名词的复数形式, C项为不可数名词, 因此选C.2. I have two _______ and three bottles of _________ here.A. orange, orangeB. oranges, orangesC. oranges, orangeD. orange, oranges解析: orange 有两种含义, 一种可数名词橘子, 另一种是不可数名词橘汁, 此题第一空应填可数名词, 第二空填不可数名词, 因此选 C。
