小学英语可数名词和不可数名词

可数名词一般来说个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词。

可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。

例如: a book, two books, a student, three students, a family, many families。

名词单数变复数变化如下：◆词尾直接加s如：cat——cats bag——bags day——days◆以s, sh, ch, x 结尾的词加es如：class——classes, match——matches ,box----- boxes, dish ---- dishes, bus --- buses, peach --- peaches .◆以辅音加y结尾的词变y为i加es. 元音加y 结尾的词直接加s,如: party----parties city----cities story----stories family---families baby --- babiesboy---- toys monkey----- monkeys key---- keys等.◆以f或fe结尾的词, 变f或fe 为v, 加es,如: wife ---- wives, half---- halves, shelf—shelves, knife --- knives, life---lives,leaf---leaves.注意特殊情况直接加“s”，要逐个记chiefs, handkerchiefs , roofs.◆以辅音加o 结尾的词:有生命的加es如: tomatoes, potatoes, heroes.无生命的如s,如：:radios, zoos, pianos, photos◆名词单数变复数特殊变化也要逐个记得如: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, tooth---teeth, foot---feet, child--children,mouse-mice,goose---geese.（注意：以下单复同形：deer, sheep, species, means, Chinese, Japanese）练一练：一、请写出下列词的复数形式。

1.tooth ___________2.deer___________ _3.boy____________4.bus______________5.man ___________6.woman ___________7.child __________ 8.watch_________ 9.diary____________10. sheep___________11.box___________ 12.people___________二、选择题。

( )1．The deer has four ______.A. footB. feetC. feetsD. foots( )2．Her two brothers are both ______.A. policemanB. policemansC. policemenD. policemens( )3．Two ______ would come to the village.A. woman-doctorsB. women doctorC. women doctorsD. woman doctors( )4．Can you see nine _____ in the picture?A. sheepB. dogC. pigD. horse( )5..I saw many _____ in the street.A. peoplesB. peopleC. people’sD. peoples’( )6．The boy often brushes his _____ before he goes to bed.A. toothB. toothsC. teethD. teeths( )7.Tom’s uncle has fifty on his farmA. sheepB.sheepsC.sheepes不可数名词不可数名词不能用数字计算包括物质名词( air, water等)及抽象名词(advice, hate)等。

所以它通常只有单数形式。

如：English, air, water, cotton, work…不可数名词的类别：食物：food ,salt, bread, rice, beef, meat, pork, butter（黄油）,cream.液体：water, juice, milk, coffee, tea, coke, oil, wine.表示自然现象：snow, ice ,rain, air.其他类：money,homework, housework, time, music, weather注意事项：1.数量的表达方式不可数名词后面不可以加s, 前面不能直接加数字，不能用a或an，常用some，much，a little，a lot of，plenty of表示多少。

如：Two water ×one bread ×two cups of teas ×some milk 一些牛奶plenty of juice大量的果汁如：a bottle of water一瓶水, two cups of tea两杯茶,(1)不可数名词没有复数形式，在表示数量时，常用“a+单位量词+of+不可数名词”结构。

数量为1的情况下：a cup of tea a bottle of juicea glass of water a box of milk a can of coke(2)数量>1的情况下：数词+单位量词+of+不可数名词\可数名词复数，如：two glasses of juice 三杯果汁; four cups of tea四杯茶;three bottles of juice 三瓶果汁; three pieces of bread 三片面包a piece of paper 一张纸(3)注意：下列词语在不同含义下词性的不同。

chicken 鸡肉（不可数名词）鸡（可数名词）work 工作（不可数名词）作品（可数名词）glass 玻璃（不可数名词）杯子（可数名词）fish 鱼肉（不可数名词）作动物（可数名词）fish作一条条的鱼时是可数的，单复数同形。

涉及到种类时，复数形式是fishes (4)很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数，表示种类时就可数，但意义大多不发生变化。

fruit →fruits food →foods fish →fishes hair →hairshair 和fruit 一般情况下用单数，表示总体。

但如果我们要表示若干根头发或几种水果时，就要用这两个词的复数形式。

eg: He bought apples, oranges and other fruits. fruits 在此处意为“多种水果”hair 作“人或动物的毛”的时候是可数名词，作头发解释时是不可数名词。

判断一个词是否可数，除了记忆以外，主要看题中该名词的修饰词来决定。

如：much 只能修饰不可数名词。

(5)两个并列的不可数名词作主语时，其后的谓语动词通常用复数，有时也用单数。

使用原则：①如果两个不可数名词是指两样东西，则谓语动词用复数；例：The milk and tea are ten yuan. 咖啡和茶加起来十元。

②如果两个不可数名词是指同一事物或同一概念，或因其紧密相关而被视作一个整体，则谓语动词用单数。

例：tomato and eggs 用is, 是西红柿炒鸡蛋是一道菜。

练一练：一、翻译下面的短语。

1.两杯苹果汁____________2.三瓶牛奶___________3.一杯咖啡___________4.许多家庭作业___________5.一些牛肉___________6.一杯茶__________二、选择题( )1.The boys have got already.A. two breadB. two breadsC. two pieces of breadD. two piece of bread( )2. Would you like _______ ,please?A. two glass of waterB. two glasses of waterC. two glass of watersD. two glasses of waters( )3. There some in the river.A. is, fishB. are, fishsC. is, fishsD. are, fish( )4.I would like to have ______.A. two glasses of milkB. two glass of milkC. two glasses of milksD. two glass of milks( )5.What are you listening to, Jack? ______or______?A .Music, a news B. Music, news C. Musics, news D. Music, newes ( )6.I have ______to do on Sundays.A. many houseworkB. much houseworkC. many houseworksD. much houseworks( )7..There are of in the fridge.A.bottle... milkB. bottles... milkC. bottles... milks。