2020年河北省邯郸市第一中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案

2020年河北省邯郸市第一中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案

第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

People in the Middle Ages did eat with their hands. Personal utensils (餐具) were mostly unheard of,

especially forks. There were spoons to help serve, but only special guests would receive a knife from the host.

Everyone else would be expected to bring their own. Of course, eating with one's hands can be quite a sticky

situation, so towels were provided to help diners stay at least somewhat clean as they ate.

Still, dining was often a messy affair. At special occasions in the wealthiest households, women tended to

dine alone, separate from the men. Women were expected to uphold a quality of grace. Eating greasy meat by

hand would certainly not help! Once the men and women had finished their meals, they would come together to

socialize.

Dietary scholars of the Middle Ages believed that the foods in a meal needed to be served and eaten in order

of heaviness. The lightest and most easily digested foods, such as fruits and cheeses, were eaten first to help the

digestive (消化) system get started. Once digestion was underway, greens and light meats, such as lettuce,

cabbage and chicken, could be eaten. Last came the heavier vegetables and meats, such as carrots, beans, beef,

pork, and mutton. This method was considered the most healthful way to eat.

The main and largest meal of the day was supper, and it was eaten at midday. Dinner was a light meal, and

many of those in nobility (贵族) - the highest levels of the Middle Ages society-skipped breakfast altogether.

Breakfast was considered unnecessary for those who did not perform physical work. Snacks and any other eating

during the day were viewed the same way. Commoners, or the working class, were allowed to eat breakfast and

small meals throughout the day.

1. What did people in the Middle Ages usually do at the dinner table?

A. They cleaned hands before meals.

B. They used personal utensils.

C. They had to use knives at dinner.

D. They ate mostly with hands.

2. What is the third paragraph mainly about?

A. The order of eating foods. B. The weight of various foods.

C. The principles of digesting foods.

D. The list of healthy foods.

3. Why did the nobility avoid eating breakfast?

A. Breakfast was wasted for the nobility.

B. Breakfast was viewed as unnecessary.

C. Breakfast was considered as a light meal.

D. Breakfast was saved for commoners.

B

This is Scientific America's 60-Second Science. I am Christopher Intagliata.

The Apollo missions brought back 842 pounds of rock and soil from the moon, that's nearly 2200 different

samples. But the most interesting one, according to a scientist Meenakshi Wadhwa, is a sample named "Apollo

1-0-0-8-5collected by Neil Armstrong on Apollo 11.

“He was about to step back into the lunar module(登月舱) when he turned around and saw there were little

spaces in the rock box. He knew that geologists on earth would be just so excited to study these materials, so he

just scooped up nine scoops(勺) of soil and put it into the box." Wadhwa explained.

It was one of the most well studied samples of the Apollo missions. And a geologist named John Wood

noticed white flecks(微粒) of rock in the soil, which inspired him to dig deeper into the moon's ancient past.

“This was quite a leap of imagination — he proposed that the whole of the moon had been almost covered

with a magma(岩浆) ocean nearly 4.5 billion years ago. This was a revolutionary idea at the time, because people

had thought the moon had formed cold, so it completely changed our idea how the moon formed.”

But Wadhwa has a more personal reason to appreciate this sample. She met her husband Scott Parazynski

also because of this rock sample. Scott, a mountaineer at that time, wanted to climbMount Everestwith a moon

rock while Wadhwa was the chairman of the NASA committee that gives access to the samples for scientific

purposes.

Neil Armstrong's last-minute scoop of moon dust brought two people together here on Earth and upturned

our understanding of how the moon — and the Earth itself-got here.

Thank you for listening for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.

4. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that ________ .

A. Neil Armstrong was excited to find the soil B. the spaceship was about to land on the moon

C. Sample "Apollo1-008-5" was collected at the last minute

D. scientists were not satisfied with the samples brought back by Neil

5. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?

A. Scott made a new proposal about the moon's origin.

B. The Apollo missions brought back 842 rock samples.