2011年1月8日雅思阅读真题标准答案及解析

雅思口语2011年01月08日考题回顾考试日期2011.01.08Part 1Your Work or Your StudiesWhat do you do (in a typical day) at work?Do you like your job?Would you like to change your job?Do you think you will need to receive any training in thefuture?What job would you like to do in the future?Why are you taking the IELTS test?Do you think the first day at work is important?What subjects are you studying?Why did you choose that subject?What school (or university) do you go to?Why did you choose that university (or, school)?How do you like your subject?What's your favourite subject at school?What's the most difficult part of your course?What's the most interesting part of your course (yoursubject)?For you, what's the most interesting part (or subject or class)of your course?Do you think it will be easy to find that kind of work?Did you like your first day at university?Do you think the first day at university is important?Your Home& Your AccommodationDo you live in a house or a flat?How long have you lived there?Do you plan to live there for a long time?Please describe your home a little.What are the benefits (or, advantages) of living in aflat/house?What's your favourite room in your home? (Why?)How do you think your home (your house or your flat) couldbe improved?What is the environment like around your flat/house?Is it easy to travel to and from your home?Would you say it's a good place to live?Where do you come from?Where do you live at the moment?Does your whole family live there?Tell me something about your hometown.What would you recommend a tourist see in your hometown? Do you prefer to live in a big city or in the countryside? Would you say it's a good place to grow up?Would you say that's a good place to live?Do you plan to live there/here for a long time?What (other) city would you like to live in (in the future)? What's the traffic situation like in your hometown (or, where you are living now)?WeatherWhat's the weather (usually) like in your hometown?What changes are there between the different seasons in your country?What's your favourite season? (Why?)Do you usually pay attention to the weather forecasts?Does the weather ever affect what you do?Do you (or, do people in China) do the same things in the different seasons of the year?CookingDo you like cooking?Who usually does the cooking in your family (or, in your home)?When did you learn how to cook?In the future, do you think you will be cooking more than you do now, or less? (Why?)Clothes and FashionDo you like shopping for clothes?Are you very interested in fashion (or, clothes fashions)?Do many people (in China) follow fashion?AnimalsDo you like animals?What's your favourite animal?Are people in your country fond of animals?Do you think cities are suitable places for keeping a pet? SportDo you like (to play/to do) any sports?What sports are most popular with young people today?Did you take part in any (organized) sport in school?Do you think sport is important?Are there any sports facilities near where you live?In the future, what sports would you like to play?FoodWhat food did you like to eat when you were a child?Do you still like that food now?Do you think it's good to (often) take children to restaurants? CollectingDid you collect anything when you were a child?Do you still collect them now?Why do you think people like collecting things?If you had a lot of money, what would you like to collect? FilmsWhat types of films do you like?Do you prefer to watch films at home or in a cinema?Are there any types of films that you dislike?What kinds of films did you like to watch when you were a child?MuseumAre there many (or, any) museums in your hometown?Do you often visit a museum?Did you go to museums when you were younger?When was the last time you visited a museum?Do you think museums are important?Do you think museums should sell things to visitors? DancingDo you like dancing?Have you ever learned to dance?When was the last time you danced?Do you like to watch dance performances?Why do you think some people like to dance?ReadingDo you like reading books?What kinds of books do you like to read?When you were young, what books made the greatest impression on you?What do you think are the benefits of reading to children? Would you like to write a book?Would you like to receive a book as a gift?Daily routineWhat do you do mainly do with your time?What is the best part of the day for you? (Why?)When do you do most of your study?Would you like to change your daily routine?LanguagesWhat language do you usually speak?Would you say it's a difficult language to learn?What language would you like to learn in the future? (Why?)Part 2&3PlaceDescribe a modern building that you think is interesting.Do you prefer old buildings or modern buildings?What do you think are the advantages of modern buildingsover old buildings?Do you think the (outside) appearance of a building isimportant?Do you think government buildings should be more practicalthan attractive?Do you think interesting modern buildings can be used toattract tourists?What facilities do you think modern cities should have?Describe a place you have visited（want to visit）？Why many people want to live in this place?There’s many problem in transportation in this place?So why many people still wants to live in this place?How this place affects people?Why people like to live in the city?Describe a place you go to that has a lot of noise.What noises can we hear in a city?Do you think noise (ever) has any benefits?Do you think noise can be considered to be a form ofpollution?What harm can noise do to people's health?How do you suggest this noise could be controlled?What do you think the government should do about excessivenoise?describe a trip that you can learn from the historyObject/ ThingDescribe a well-known story from your country.Why do you think (little) kids like listening to stories?Describe a quiz show you watch on TV that you areinterested in attending.Is quiz show popular in China?Why young people do not like quiz shows?Are there many competitions in everyday life?Some people say that competition has some disadvantages.Do you agree?Do you think that people are born to be competitive?Describe a useful piece of (electrical) equipment that you。

2011年1月SAT真题SECTION 3Questions 9-13 are based on the following passagesPassage 1Ecotourism has been broadly defined as recreational travel that is focused on the natural environment and thatseeks to minimize its impact on that environment.However, there is little doubt that increasing numbers5 of ecotourists also pose a threat to the quality andsustainability of natural ecosystems. Numerous accountsof tourists' "loving nature to death" have been reported,and concern is growing that ecotourism is becomingnothing more than a "green" label that dresses up10 exploitative and destructive human behavior. Despitewidespread advocacy for education as a solution tominimizing ecotourists' impacts on the naturalenvironment, few tests of the effectiveness of educationalprograms in controlling tourists' behavior have been15 conducted.Passage 2Although a substantial part of tourism is the "sun, surf, and sand" variety, the fastest-growing segment isecotourism. There is, however, substantial concern aboutthe potential negative impacts of ecotourism on the20 environment and about the necessity to plan and regulateecotourism to prevent them. There clearly have been abuses and mismanaged activities. Better planning and regulationare essential. Yet ecotourism brings many people intoenvironments in which they can learn about the locale25 and learn environmental principles that can heighten theirawareness of and commitment to environmentalprotection in general. Increased emphasis onenvironmental learning as part of ecotourism could helpprevent or reduce ecotourism's negative impacts.9. The authors of both passages would most likely agree that ecotourism(A) is most popular in sunny coastal environments(B) may harm the environment it claims to value(C) may soon be more common than other types of tourism(D)serves to educate the public about environmental issues(E) should be tightly regulated in order to minimize its impact10. Unlike Passage 2. Passage I primarily emphasizes ecotourism's(A)economic consequences(B)educational value(C)increasing popularity(D)uncertain origins(E)damaging effects11. The author of Passage 2 would most likely characterize the tourists who love "nature to death" (Passage I. line 7) as(A)evidence of the need for further environmental education(B) proof that ecotourism should be banned within fragile ecosystems(C) concerned about the impact of their actions(D) unaware of the regulations governing ecotourism(E) insincere in their interest in the environment12. In line 15. "conducted" most nearly means(A)performed(B)channeled(C)transmitted(D)escorted(E)directed13. Which statement best characterizes the relationship between thetwo passages?(A) Passage 2 provides a historical perspective on a situation that Passage 1 portrays as a recent: problem.(B) Passage 2 takes a positive stance on an Issue thatPassage 1 presents somewhat pessimistically.(C) Passage 2 provides personal experience with a phenomenon Passage I considers theoretically.(D) Passage 2 suggests an innovative solution to apuzzle outlined in Passage 1.(E) Passage 2 provides evidence that counters a criticism raised in Passage 1.Questions 14-23 are based on the following passage.The following passage is adapted from a 2002 book about modern medicine.The explanation of pain that has dominated much of medical history originated with Rene Descartes,more than three centuries ago. Descartes proposedthat pain is a purely physical phenomenon----thattissue injury5 stimulates specific nerves that transmit an impulse tothe brain, causing the mind to perceive pain. Thephenomenon, he said, is like pulling on a rope to ringa bell in the brain. It is hard to overstate howingrained this account has become. In everydaymedicine, doctors10 see pain in Descartes's terms—as a physicalprocess, a sign of tissue injury. We look for aruptured disk or a fracture and we try to fix what'swrong.The limitations of this mechanistic explanation, however, have been apparent for some time, since people 15 with obvious injuries sometimes report feeling no painat all. In the 1960s researchers proposed that Descartes's model be replaced with what they called the gate control theory of pain. They argued that before pain signalsreach the brain, they must first go through a gatingmechanism20in the spinal cord, which could ratchet them up or down.In some cases, this hypothetical gate could simply stoppain impulse from getting to the brain.Their most startling suggestion was that what controlled the gate was not just signals from sensory nerves but also 25 emotions and other "output" from the brain. They weresaying that pulling on the rope need not make the bell ring.The bell itself—the mind—could stop it. This theoryprompted a great deal of research into how such factors as mood, gender, and beliefs influence the experience of30 pain. In a British study, for example, researchersmeasured pain threshold and tolerance levels in 52 ballet dancers and 53 university students by using a commonmeasurement known as the cold pressor test. The test isingeniously simple. (I tried it at home myself.) Afterimmersing your35 hand in body-temperature water for two minutes to establish a baseline condition, you dunk your hand in a bowl of ice water and start a clock running. You mark the time when it begins to hurt; that is your pain threshold. Then you mark the time when it hurts too much to keep 40 your hand in the water: that is your pain tolerance. The test is always stopped at 120 seconds, to prevent injury.The results were striking. On average female studentsrepotted pain at 16 seconds and pulled their hands out of the ice water at 37 seconds. Female dancers went almost 45 three times as long on both counts. Men in both groups had a higher threshold and tolerance for pain, but the difference between male dancers and male nondancers was nearly as large. What explains that difference? Probably it has something to do with the psychology of 50 ballet dancers—a group distinguished by self-discipline, physical fitness, and competitiveness, as well as by a high rate of chronic injury . Their driven personalities and competitive culture evidently inure them to pain.Other studies along these lines have shown that55 extroverts have greater pain tolerance than introverts and that, with training, one can diminish one's sensitivity to pain. There is also striking evidence that very simple kinds of mental suggestion can have powerful effects on pain. In one study of 500 patients undergoing denial procedures, 60 those who were given a placebo injection and reassured that it would relieve their pain had the least discomfort— not only less than the patients who got a placebo and were told nothing but also less than the patients who got a real anesthetic without any reassuring comment that it would65 work. Today it is abundantly evident that the brain is actively involved in the experience of pain and is no mere bell on a string. Today every medical textbook teaches the gate control theory as fact. There's a problem with it, though. It explains people who have injuries but feel no70 pain, but it doesn't explain the reverse, which is far more common—the millions of people who experience chronic pain, such as back pain, with no signs of injury whatsoever.Gate control theory accepts Descartes's view thatwhat you feel as pain is a signal from tissue injurytransmitted75 by nerves to the brain, and u adds the notion that thebrain controls a gateway for such an injury signal But inthe case of something like chronic back pain, there oftenis no injury . So where does the pain come from? Therope and clapper are gone, but the bell is still ringing.14. The primary purpose of the passage is to(A) describe how modem research has updated an old explanation(B) argue for the irrelevance of a popular theory(C) support a traditional view with new data(D) promote a particular attitude toward physical experience(E) propose an innovative treatment for a medical condition15. Which statement best describes Descartes's theory of pain aspresented in lines 3-8 ("Descartes... brain")?(A) The brain can shut pain off at will.(B) The brain plays no pan in the body's experience of pain.(C) Pain can be triggered in many different ways.(D) Pain is a highly personal phenomenon.(E) Pain is an automatic response to bodily injury.16. In line 11. "sign" most nearly means(A) symbol(B) gesture(C) image(D) indication(E) omen17. The author implies that the reason the gate control theory was"startling" (line 23) was that it(A) offered an extremely novel explanation(B) ran counter to people's everyday experiences(C) undermined a respected philosopher's reputation(D) was grounded in an incomprehensible logic(E) was so sensible it should have been proposed centuries before18.The author docs which of the following in lines 25-27("They ... it")?(A)Employs a previously used comparison to explain a newly introduced idea(B)Cites an aforementioned study to disprove a recentlypublished claim(C)Signals a digression from the main line of the argument(D)Invokes figurative language to note the drawbacks of an approach(E)Uses personification to explicate the intricacies of a theory19. In line 49. "psychology" most nearly means(A) mental makeup(B) emotional trauma(C) manipulative behavior(D) clinical investigation(D) underlying meaning20. The author suggests that "extroverts" (line 55) are like balletdancers with respect to their(A) reaction to social situations(B) sense of group identity(C) response to physical stimuli(D) need for the attention of others(E) peculiar attraction to suffering21. A defender of the gate control theory would most logically arguethat the "problem" (line 68) may lie not with the theory but with (A) medical professionals’ unwillingness toit as a thoroughlyverified hypothesis(B) diagnostic tools that cannot detect the injuries causingcurrently inexplicable condition(C) doctors who misdiagnose intermittent pain a chronic pain(D) the unfortunate tendency to medicate even minor ailments(E) the willingness of people to subject themselves to stressesthat lead to unconventional injuries22. The author refers to "chronic back pain" (line 77) as an example of something that is(A) costly, because it afflicts millions of people(B) dubious, because it is often claimed fraudulently(C) puzzling, because it sometimes has no apparent cause(D) frustrating, because it does not improve with therapy(E) tantalizing, because it lies beyond the reach of medicine23. The last sentence of the passage ("The rope ... ringing") servesprimarily to express(A)the incomprehensibility of scientific judgments(B)the inadequacy of abstract metaphors(C)the futility of theoretical inquiry(D)a conundrum that faces researchers(E)an ambiguity at the heart of scienceSECTION 4Questions 6-7 are based on the following passage.A turning leaf stays green at first, then revealssplotches of yellow and red as chlorophyll graduallybreaks down. Dark green seems to stay longest in theveins, outlining and defining them. During thesummer, chlorophyll breaks5 down in the heat and light, but it is also being steadilyreplaced. In the fall, on the other hand, no newpigment is produced, and so we notice the othercolors that were always there, although chlorophyll'sshocking green hid them from view. With theircamouflage gone, we see these10 colors for the first time all year, and marvel, but theywere always there, hidden like a vivid secret beneaththe hot glowing greens of summer.6. The passage serves primarily to(A)present a debate(B)explain a phenomenon(C)recount an experiment(D)advocate an action(E)refute a theory7. According to the passage, which of the following mostdirectly causes leaves to change their color in the fall?(A) Chlorophyll in the leaves beginning to break down then(B) Heat and light causing new pigments to be produced(C) Chlorophyll changing from green to other colors(D) Existing pigments becoming more uniform(E) New chlorophyll no longer being producedQuestions 8-9 are based on the following passage.I'm watching Sesame Street with my daughter. Today Grover has transported us to Alaska, where a local lass is suiting up to face the Arctic chill, with the help of hermother, who sews fur pelts together to fashion a coat to 5 repel the subzero temperatures. The child rushes out intothe crisp fresh air to meet other children, laughing sweetly.It looks so wholesome, so simple, so uncomplicated. No fancy schools to get into, no apartments to compare. Itlooked pleasant there, out in the bleak but weirdly alluring10 slate of glistening frost punctuated only by playful tykestoting their homemade lunches to school in swingingbuckets.8. The narrator would most likely characterize thedepiction of Alaska on Sesame Street as(A) lurid(B) idyllic(C) eclectic(D) nebulous(E) trite9. In context, the references to "fancy schools" and"apartments" (line 8) serve to(A)illustrate the glamour of urban environments(B)suggest some concerns the narrator may have(C)establish a contrast between past and present lifestyles(D)indicate the narrator's distaste for rural living(E)challenge the stereotyped view of a regionQuestions 10-16 are based on the following passages. These passages discuss Leroy "Satchel" Paige (1906 ?-1982), a star professional baseball pitcher who continued to play successfully even when he was much older than any other player. Passage I is adapted from a 1994 biography; Passage 2 front Paige’s autobiography.Passage 1When was Satchel Paige born? The myriad answers to that question have become one of the greatest sportsenigmas of all time and play a huge pan in bringing a sense of myth and mystery to Paige's life. When the Cleveland 5 Indians' owner Bill Veeck signed Paige in 1948. Veeck didas much to obfuscate the age issue—an issue he stokedconstantly as a public relations gimmick—as Satchel ever did himself. For aid and comfort in this, Vecck could count on the succor—witting or unwitting or perhaps both—of 10 Lula Coleman Paige, Satchel's mother.Lula Paige confided to a sportswriter that her son was in fact three years older than he was thought to be; a few years later, she had another epiphany. He was, she said,two years older. This she knew because she had writtendown the15 year of his birth in her Bible, and it said, right there,plain as day, "1904."When Satchel Paige committed his memoirs to print in 1962, though, he wasn't ready to go with thatversion. "Seems like Mom's Bible would know," hewrote, but20 she had never shown him that Bible. "Anyway." headded, "sometimes she tended to forget things."But never let it be said that Satchel Paige didn't learn from his mama. A decade and a half later, when Lula was gone, he was ready and rehearsed in the fable, only he had25 expanded Lula's homily to include thirteen Bibles...and thirteen goats. He had, he admitted, never actuallyseen the apocryphal Bible—but that was the fault ofone of the goats, which he insisted had mistaken thebook for cabbage leaves and eaten it. He did know onething.30 though. "That goat" he said with piquant irony, "lived tobe twenty-seven."Passage 2After I hit the top, every couple of months just about I got my name in the papers when those writers played guessing games about when I was born. I never put a stop 30 to it and my family and my buddies didn't help becausethey kept giving different dates. You see, nobody paid much attention when kids by the bay were born.But the government paid attention and there's a birth certificate in Mobile, Alabama, saying I was born40 July 7. 1906. Now I know it's made out for a LeRoy Page,but my folks started out spelling their name "Page'' andlater stuck in the “i” to make themselves sound morehigh-tone.There are all kinds of other dales floating around, too.45 but I'll go by that birth certificate. Besides, it doesn't reallymake any difference how old I tell people I am. They've been carrying on so long about my age, nobody will believe what I say. Like that gent 1 ran into in 1947. He quit playing in 1910, but he swore he played against me 50 I just let him talk.10. The primary purpose of both passages is to(A) address an uncertainty(B) discuss a solution(C) analyze two sides of a debate(D) illuminate a popular theory(E) question the importance of an idea11. Compared with the tone of the first paragraph ofPassage 1, the tone of the first paragraph of Passage 2 is more(A) pensive(B) scholarly(C) ambivalent(D) incredulous(E) conversational12. The "Bible" in line 15, Passage 1, and the "birth certificate" in lines 38-39, Passage 2. are each mentioned because they provide(A) emotional memories(B) supporting evidence(C) personal testimonials(D) comic relief(E) government documentation13. The author of Passage I presents Paige as speaking"with piquant irony" (line 30) because the story of the goat(A) explains why Paige did not know his exact age(B) presents sportswriters in an undignified light(C) mocks the research methods used by the press(D) pokes fun at all the fuss about Paige's age(E) was well-known to Paige's mother14. In context. Paige's reference to the writers' "guessinggames" (line 34) suggests that he viewed the debate about his age to be(A) exceedingly complicated(B) unnecessarily competitive(C) universally appealing(D) ultimately trivial(E) highly disrespectful15. The author of Passage 1 would most likely respond tothe claim that Paige "never put a stop to it" (lines 34-35,Passage 2) by adding that Paige(A) helped create stories about his birth date(B) was unconcerned about others' opinions(C) was solely responsible for stirring up the debate(D) did not benefit from the controversy(E) was irresponsible in his actions16. Each passage concludes with(A) a sincere assertion(B) a humorous anecdote(C) a frank observation(D)an extended analogy(E)an explicit appealQuestions 17-25 are based on the following passage.In the following passage, adapted from a 2002 novel, a young woman named Harriet Cleve is thinking about a house, now inruins, that once belonged to her family.The house, amusingly, had been called Tribulation.Judge Cleve's grandfather had named it that because heclaimed the building of it had very nearly killed him.Nothing remained of it but the twin chimneys and the 5 mossy brick wall—the bricks worked in a trickyherringbone pattern—leading from the foundation down to the front steps where five cracked tiles on the riser, in faded blue, spelled the letters C'-L-E-V-E.To Harriet, these five tiles were a fascinating relic of 10a lost civilization. To her, their fine, watery blue was the blue of wealth, of memory, of Europe, of heaven; and the Tribulation she deduced from them glowed with the phosphorescence and splendor of dream itself. In her mind, her dead ancestors moved like royalty through the rooms15 of this lost palace.Apart from the tiles, few concrete artifacts ofTribulation remained. Most of the rugs and fixtures—themarble statues, the chandelier—had been carted off incrates marked Miscellaneous and sold to an antiquesdealer in20 Greenwood who'd paid only half what they were worth.How then to reconstruct this extinct colossus? Whatfossils were left, what clues had she to go on? Thefoundation was still there, out from town a bit. She wasn't sure exactly where, and somehow it didn't matter. Only25 once, on a winter afternoon long ago, had she been taken outto see it. To a small child, it gave the impression of having supported a structure far larger than a house, a city almost.She had a memory of her grandmother Edie (tomboyish in khaki trousers) jumping excitedly from room to30 room, her breath coming out in white clouds, pointing outthe parlor, the dining room, the library—though all thiswas hazy.A scattering of lesser artifacts had been salvaged fromTribulation ——linens, monogrammed dishes, a ponderous 35 rosewood sideboard, vases, china clocks, dining roomchairs—and broadcast through her own house and thehouses of her aunts: random fragments, a legbone here, avertebra there, from which Harriet set about reconstructing the burned magnificence she had never seen. And these40 rescued artifacts beamed with a serene light all their own:the silver was heavier, the embroideries richer, the crystal more delicate, and the porcelain a finer, rarer blue. Butmost eloquent of all were the stories passed down to her—highly decorated items that Harriet embellished even45 further in her resolute myth of the enchanted alcazar, thefairy chateau that never was. She possessed, to a singular and uncomfortable degree, the narrowness of vision thatenabled all the Cleves to forget what they didn't want toremember and to exaggerate or otherwise alter what they50 couldn't forget; and in restringing the skeleton of theextinct monstrosity that had been her family's fortune, she was unaware that some of the bones had been tamperedwith; that others belonged to different animals entirely; thata great many of the more massive and spectacular bones55 were not bones at all but plaster-of-Paris forgeries. (Thefamous Bohemian chandelier, for instance, had not comefrom Bohemia at all; it was not even made of crystal; thejudge's mother had ordered it from a catalog.) Least of all did she realize that constantly in the course of her labors60 she trod back and forth on certain humble, dusty fragmentsthat, had she bothered to examine them, afforded the true—and rather disappointing—key to the entire structure. The mighty, thundering, opulent Tribulation that she had solaboriously reconstructed in her mind was not a replica of 65 any house that had ever existed but a chimera, a fairy tale.*Alcazar is a Spanish palace; a château is a large French country house.17. The primary focus of the passage is on how(A)Harriet rejects her youthful illusions(B)Harriet interprets her family’s history(C)Harriet discovers heirlooms at her family's home(D)the Cleves maintained their lavish lifestyle(E)each of the Cleves responded to misfortune18. Lines 9-15 ('To ... palace) characterize Harrietprimarily as(A) enthusiastic about art and antiques(B) inclined to be analytical and detail oriented(C) troubled by her family's legacy(D) fascinated by cultural history(E) prone to romantic reverie19. Lines 22-24 ("The foundation …matter”) suggest whatabout Harriet's attitude toward visiting the house?(A) She does not believe there is anything left of the house.(B) She worries about trespassing on someone else'sproperty.(C) She feels no need to revisit the physical remains of thehouse.(D) She has no interest in rebuilding the family estate(E) She is uneasy about exploring a desertedneighborhood.20. In line 36, the word "broadcast"' suggests that theartifacts were(A) displayed openly(B) advertised publicly(C) announced loudly(D) glorified excessively(E) distributed widely21. In what way is the "myth" mentioned in line 45"resolute"?(A) It has endured over many generations of Cleves.(B) It has not been refuted by historical records.(C) It demonstrates Harriet's steadfast support of familymembers.(D) It reflects Harriet's determination to maintain a certainview.(E) It underscores the universal appeal of a type of story.22. In lines 46-50 ("She . . . forget"), the narrator impliesthat the Cleve family employed memory primarily as a means of(A) enhancing mental alertness(B) protecting cherished beliefs(C) healing family divisions(D) inspiring family achievements(E) reinforcing a fatalistic world view23. The narrator's account of the "Bohemian chandelier"(lines 55-58) serves to(A) provide an example of a recurrent phenomenon(B) indicate surprise about an unexpected discovery(C) offer an explanation for an apparent incongruity(D) illustrate the source of a profound disappointment(E) suggest the great value of an inherited artifact24. The narrator suggests that the "key" (line 62) wouldhave given Harriet(A) unlimited access to the house(B) a false solution to the mystery(C) a realistic understanding of the past(D) an opportune moment to pursue new interests(E) a strong obligation to keep the family's secret25. The final sentence of the passage (lines 62-65)indicates what about the house Harriet's grandfatherbuilt?(A) It was not as much of a tribulation as Harriet hasalways been told.(B) It had never actually been owned by Harriet's family.(C) It was not as palatial as Harriet imagines it to be.(D) It was deliberately destroyed by Harriet's family.(E) It would have been a very comfortable home forHarriet as a child.SECTION9Questions 7-19 are based on the following passage.In this passage adapted from a 1999 memoir by a published writer, the author reflects on one of her childhood experiences with her grandmother in the 1950s.My first commissioned work was to write letters for her. "You write for me, honey?" she would say, holding outa ballpoint she had been given at a grocery store promotion,clicking it like a castanet. My tee was cookies and milk,5 payable before, during, and after completion of theproject.I settled down at her kitchen table while sherooted around the drawer where she kept coupons andplaying cards and pieces of stationery. The paper was so insubstantial even ballpoint ink seeped through the10 other side. “That's OK." she would say. "We only need oneside."True. In life she was a gifted gossip, unfurling an extended riff of chatter from a bare motif of rumor. But her writing style displayed a brevity that made15 Hemingway's prose look like nattering garrulity. Shedictated her letters as if she were paying by the word."Dear Sister," she began, followed by a little time-buying cough and throat clearing. "We are all well here." Pause. "And hope you are well too." Longer pause, 20 the steamy broth of inspiration heating up on her side of thetable. Then, in a lurch. "Winter is hard so I don't get out much."This was followed instantly by an unconquerable fit of envy: "Not like you in California." Then she came25 to a complete halt, perhaps demoralized by this evidencethat you can't put much on paper before you betray your secret self, try as you will to keep things civil.She sat, she brooded, she stared out the window. She was locked in the perverse reticence of composition. She 30 gazed at me, but I understood she did not see me. She waslooking for her next thought. "Read what I wrote," shewould finally say, having lost not only what she waslooking for but what she already had pinned down. I went over the little trail of sentences that led to her dead end. 35 More silence, then a sigh. "Put "God bless you." "shesaid. She reached across to see the lean rectangle of words on the paper. "Now leave some space," she said, "and put Love.' "I handed over the paper for her yo sign.。

2011年1月8日雅思（阅读）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Going BananasThe world’s favourite fruit could disappear forever in 10 years’ time.The banana is among the world’s oldest crops. Agricultural scientists believe that the first edible banana was discovered around ten thousand years ago. It has been at an evolutionary standstill ever since it was first propagated in the jungles of South-East Asia at the end of the last ice age. Normally the wild banana, a giant jungle herb called Musa acuminata, contains a mass of hard seeds that make the fruit virtually inedible. But now and then, hunter-gatherers must have discovered rare mutant plants that produced seedless, edible fruits. Geneticists now know that the vast majority of these soft-fruited plants resulted from genetic accidents that gave their cells three copies of each chromosome instead of the usual two. This imbalance prevents seeds and pollen from developing normally, rendering the mutant plants sterile. And that is why some scientists believe the world’s most popular fruit could be doomed. It lacks the genetic diversity to fight off pests and diseases that are invading the banana plantations of Central America and the smallholdings of Africa and Asia alike.In some ways, the banana today resembles the potato before blight brought famine to Ireland a century and a half ago. But “it holds a lesson for other crops, too”, says Emile Frison, top banana at the International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain in Montpellier, France. “The state of the banana”, Frison warns, “can teach a broader lesson: the increasing standardisation of food crops round the world is threatening their ability to adapt and survive.”The first Stone Age plant breeders cultivated these sterile freaks by replanting cuttings from their stems. And the descendants of those original cuttings are the bananas we still eat today. Each is a virtual clone, almost devoid of genetic diversity. And that uniformity makes it ripe for disease like no other crop on Earth. Traditional varieties of sexually reproducing crops have always had a much broader genetic base, and the genes will recombine in new arrangements in each generation. This gives them much greater flexibility in evolving responses to disease - and far more genetic resources to draw on in the face of an attack. But that advantage is fading fast, as growers increasingly plant the same few, high-yielding varieties. Plant breeders work feverishly to maintain resistance in these standardised crops. Should these efforts falter, yields of even the most productive crop could swiftly crash. “When some pest or disease comes along, severe epidemics can occur,”says Geoff Hawtin, director of the Rome-based International Plant Genetic Resources Institute.The banana is an excellent case in point. Until the 1950s, one variety, the Gros Michel, dominated the world’s commercial banana business. Found by French botanists in Asia in the 1820s, the Gros Michel was by all accounts a fine banana, richer and sweeter than today’s standard banana and without the latter’s bitter aftertaste when green. But it was vulnerable to a soil fungus that produced a wiltknown as Panama disease. “Once the fungus gets into the soil it remains there for many years. There is nothing farmers can do. Even chemical spraying won’t get rid of it,”says Rodomiro Ortiz, director of the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture in Ibadan, Nigeria. So plantation owners played a running game, abandoning infested fields and moving to “clean” land - until they ran out of clean land in the 1950s and had to abandon the Gros Michel. Its successor, and still the reigning commercial king, is the Cavendish banana, a 19th-century British discovery from southern China. The Cavendish is resistant to Panama disease and, as a result, it literally saved the international banana industry. During the 1960s, it replaced the Gros Michel on supermarket shelves. If you buy a banana today, it is almost certainly a Cavendish. But even so, it is a minority in the world’s banana crop.Half a billion people in Asia and Africa depend on bananas. Bananas provide the largest source of calories and are eaten daily. Its name is synonymous with food. But the day of reckoning may be coming for the Cavendish and its indigenous kin. Another fungal disease, black Sigatoka, has become a global epidemic since its first appearance in Fiji in 1963. Left to itself, black Sigatoka - which causes brown wounds on leaves and premature fruit ripening - cuts fruit yields by 50 to 70 per cent and reduces the productive lifetime of banana plants from 30 years to as little as 2 or 3. Commercial growers keep Sigatoka at bay by a massive chemical assault. Forty sprayings of fungicide a year is typical. But despite the fungicides, diseases such as black Sigatoka are getting more and more difficult to control. “As soon as you bring in a new fungicide, they develop resistance,” says Frison. “One thing we can be sure of is that the Sigatoka won’t lose in this battle.”Poor farmers, who cannot afford chemicals, have it even worse. They can do little more than watch their plants die. “Most of the banana fields in Amazonia have already been destroyed by the disease,” says Luadir Gasparotto, Brazil’s leading banana pathologist with the government research agency EMBRAPA. Production is likely to fall by 70 per cent as the disease spreads, he predicts. The only option will be to find a new variety.But how? Almost all edible varieties are susceptible to the diseases, so growers cannot simply change to a different banana. With most crops, such a threat would unleash an army of breeders, scouring the world for resistant relatives whose traits they can breed into commercial varieties. Not so with the banana. Because all edible varieties are sterile, bringing in new genetic traits to help cope with pests and diseases is nearly impossible. Nearly, but not totally. Very rarely, a sterile banana will experience a genetic accident that allows an almost normal seed to develop, giving breeders a tiny window for improvement. Breeders at the Honduran Foundation of Agricultural Research have tried to exploit this to create disease-resistant varieties. Further backcrossing with wild bananas yielded a new seedless banana resistant to both black Sigatoka and Panama disease.Neither Western supermarket consumers nor peasant growers like the new hybrid. Some accuse it of tasting more like an apple than a banana. Not surprisingly, the majority of plant breeders have till now turned their backs on the banana and got to work on easier plants. And commercial banana companies are now washing their hands of the whole breeding effort, preferring to fund a search for new fungicides instead. “We supported a breeding programme for 40 years, but it wasn’table to develop an alternative to Cavendish. It was very expensive and we got nothing back,”says Ronald Romero, head of research at Chiquita, one of the Big Three companies that dominate the international banana st year, a global consortium of scientists led by Frison announced plans to sequence the banana genome within five years. It would be the first edible fruit to be sequenced. Well, almost edible. The group will actually be sequencing inedible wild bananas from East Asia because many of these are resistant to black Sigatoka. If they can pinpoint the genes that help these wild varieties to resist black Sigatoka, the protective genes could be introduced into laboratory tissue cultures of cells from edible varieties. These could then be propagated into new, resistant plants and passed on to farmers.It sounds promising, but the big banana companies have, until now, refused to get involved in GM research for fear of alienating their customers. “Biotechnology is extremely expensive and there are serious questions about consumer acceptance,”says David McLaughlin, Chiquita’s senior director for environmental affairs. With scant funding from the companies, the banana genome researchers are focusing on the other end of the spectrum. Even if they can identify the crucial genes, they will be a long way from developing new varieties that smallholders will find suitable and affordable. But whatever biotechnology’s academic interest, it is the only hope for the banana. Without it, banana production worldwide will head into a tailspin. We may even see the extinction of the banana as both a lifesaver for hungry and impoverished Africans and as the most popular product on the world’s supermarket shelves.Questions 1-3Complete the sentences below with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage.Write your answers in boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet.1．Banana was first eaten as a fruit by humans almost_____years ago.正确答案：ten thousand解析：题目答案一定为数字信息，同时根据顺序原则，答案应该出现在文章开头，于是定位于原文第一段第二句话“Agricultural scientists believe that the first edible banana was discovered around ten thousand years ago”，题目信息“eaten”对应原文中的“edible”，所以答案为ten thousand。

KEYS(20110108)A 卷PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSection A1. D2.A3. D4. B5. B6. B7. A8. C9. DSection B10. C 11. B 12.D 13. C 14. D 15. BSection C16. drug and alcohol abuse17. lack the resources18. the age of 1519. More (more) than 154 million.20. families as wellPART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points )21-30 C A C B B C A D A B31-40 B D A D C B A C D CPART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)41. B 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. DPART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)51. D 52. D 53. D 54. B 55. C 56. A 57. B 58. D 59. D 60. C 61. A 62. B 63. C 64. D 65. A 66. C 67. B 68. C 69. B 70. D 71 A 72. B 73. C 74. D 75. B 76. A 77. C 78. C 79. D 80. B试卷二PART V TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 20 points)Section A 英译汉：参考译文：沙漠化是由人为因素和气候变化造成的，是土地退化的一个过程。

过度开垦和落后的灌溉方法等人类活动正在把需要几百年才能形成的肥沃土壤变成贫瘠的地块。

1月8、9日考试机经Part One:*Hometown (昆士兰，南京，成都，西安)Where do you like?Tell me something about your hometown? 第二部分卡片提前How long have you lived there?Do you think your hometown is a good place to live in? Why?What is your hometown famous for?Do you know anything about the history of your hometown?Are you living in a big city or a small one?Is your hometown a good place for young people or old people?Is there tourist attraction in your city?Have you ever learnt the history of your hometown from school?What do you like most about your hometown?What needs to be improved in your hometown?*Study (长沙, 苏州, 重庆, 广州)Are you a student or working?What is you major?Do you like your major?Why do you choose this major?How do you think of the prospects of your major?Why do you think the subject you learn is important to your future?Is your major popular in China?How important are teachers to students?Is it easy for you to find a job in the future?Do you think a degree has become less important for people to find a job? *Job/ Work (上海)Are you working or are you a student?What do you do?Is it easy to find this kind of jobs in your city?What is the most important thing at work?*Shopping (郑州)Where do you like shopping?Do you like shopping malls?What do you often buy online?What kind of clothes do you like?Have you got any clothes that you bought but dislike wearing?Would you wear the same kind of clothes when you get old?*Colours (北京)What is your favourite colour?Which colour is special to Chinese?What colour do you like for your clothes?In what colour do you want to have your house painted?*Cooking (大连)Do you like cooking?Who cooks most in your family?*Seasons/weather (南京, 长沙, 西安, 长春)What is your favourite season?What do you like to do in different seasons?What kind of weather do you like and dislike?Do you like winter?What do you do in your spare time?What did you do in the last good weather?*Noise/sound (北京, 郑州)What kind of sound do you like and dislike?Is there any kind of noise that you find really unbearable?Is there a song that reminds you of your childhood?Is your hometown a noisy place?*News (苏州)Do you like getting news from TV or newspapers?What kind of news are you interested in?*Sports (成都, 上海, 哈尔滨)What is you favourite sport?What kind of sports do you want your children to do in the future? Do boys and girls like different sports when they are little?What sports did you like as a child?*Travelling (上海)Do you like travelling?Do you prefer to travel alone or with friends?*Movie/ Films (成都)What kind of films did you like when you were a child?Do you prefer to watch films in a cinema or at home?*Reading (大连)Do you like reading?What kind of books do you like?What are the benefits of reading for children?*Museums(长春，上海)Do you often visit museums?Do you think museums are important in your life?*Dancing (哈尔滨)Do you like dancing?When and where did you dance last time?Where did you learn dancing?Do you like watching dancing performance?*Collection (广州)Did you collect any thing when you were a child?Do you have still have the habit of collecting something?Spare time (北京, 广州, 上海) 新题What do you do in your spare time?What did you do in your spare time in your childhood?What do you usually do for relaxation?Do you prefer to hand out with friends or stay at home when you have time?How much spare time do you have?What will you do in spare time, travelling with friends or watching TV at home?Which period of time during the day do you like best?*Animals (昆士兰，郑州，南京)What kind of pets do people in your hometown keep? Is there any change compared with the past? What pets do you like?Do you like animals?Time (成都) 新题Are you a person good at time management?What do you do in your spare time?*Letters/emails (广州, 南京)On what occasions do you write letters? Who do you write to?What kind of letter/email is difficult to write?Who do you contact most often by email?What is the most important email to you?*Cell phone (北京)When did you start to use your cell phone?What are the advantages and disadvantages of cell phones?*Friends (成都)Is it easy to meet new friends?How did young people in the past make friends?Numbers (成都) 新题What is your favourite number?What are the special meanings of different numbers?Is it easier to remember numbers than names?Part Two and Three:*A friend/person who speaks another language (蒙纳什, 大连)Describe a person who speaks foreign language.Y ou should sayWho he/ she isWhen you got to know him/ herHow you go to know him/herHow you communicate with each otherWhy do some people want to immigrate to another country?What is the influence of western culture on Chinese people?*An artistDescribe an artist you admire.Y ou should sayWho he/she doesHow you got to know him/herWhat makes him/her famousAnd explain the reason why you adore him/herIn what ways do children get to know about music?Do you think there should be a course in university teaching students how to play musical instruments?*The most successful person in your life (上海, 苏州, 广州)Describe a successful person.Y ou should sayWho he/she isWhat he/she doesWhy do you think he/she is famousWhat you can learn from him/ herWhy do people want to succeed?Why do the public pay attention to successful people?How do you define success?Do you think success has anything to do with wealth?What is the extra obligation that famous people have?Do famous people have privacy?*A TV or radio presenter (杭州)Describe a TV /radio presenter that you likeY ou should sayWho he/she isWhat the program is aboutWhat quality do the presenter haveWhen did you start to like him/herAnd explain the reason why you like him/herWhat should people do if they want to be a TV host?Do you think you can be qualified for this job?*A family (not yours) you enjoy spending time with (南京)*A piece of advice (大连)Describe a piece of advice you got from othersY ou should sayWhat the situation wasWho gave it to youWhat the result wasExplain the reason why it was useful.Whose advice do you prefer, your family members or friends?Where can you get advice about work?A room in your house where you spend most time (成都) 新题Describe a room in your house where you spend most time with.Y ou should sayWhich room it isWhat you do thereHow you like itAnd explain the reason why you spend most time thereHow many rooms are needed for a family?Do you like sharing a room with others?Why do you people need their own house?Do you prefer a big house or a small one?What would house be like in the future?Y ou ideal house (上海) 新题Describe your ideal house.Y ou should sayWhere it isWhat it looks likeWhat it is made ofHow ideal it isAnd explain the reason why you think it is ideal.What is the difference between living in the city and living in the countryside?*A hotel (南京)Describe a hotel you spent time with.Y ou should sayWhat kind of hotel it isWhere it is locatedWhat you can enjoy thereAnd explain the reason why you think it is popularWhat can be considered as good service?Is making profit more important than improving the service? What do you think of hostels?What is the relationship between hotels and travelling? What quality should staff in a hotel have?What kinds of facilities can be found in a good hotel?A place you like going to（昆士兰）新题Describe a place you like going toY ou should sayWhere it isHow often you go thereWhat you do thereAnd explain the reason why you like going thereIs it peaceful there?How does noise make people unhappy?What makes you want to stay alone?Why do you think people want to be alone sometimes? How can people be alone in big cities like Beijing?A peaceful place (成都) park/ garden的变种卡Describe a peaceful placeY ou should sayWhen you went thereWho you went there withWhat you do thereWhether you want to recommend it to other people*A part of your hometown that has the greatest change Describe a part of your hometown that changes quickly.Y ou should sayWhat the change isWhat it was like before the changeWhy it was changedHow you think of the changeWhat needs improvement in your hometown?Do you think the government should ask citizens for opinions about the city development? Where do young people hand out with friends? How about people in the past?*A long journey (昆明, 北京)Describe a long journeyY ou should sayWhere you visitedWhen you went thereWith whom you went thereHow you travelled to the placeAnd explain the reason why you went thereWhat means of public transport do you like?Do you think there are more and more private cars?What kind of transport do Chinese like?What are the influences of the increasing number of private cars?Is there any practical use of history?*A trip to a place where you learn about the past (上海)Describe a place that where you learn something about the past.Y ou should sayWhere it isWhy you went thereWhat you saw thereWhat you learnt from itHow you liked itHow can children learn history at home?What we can learn from history?Do you think it is equally impo rtant to learn both local history and the world’s history?*A well-known story in your country (南京, 北京)Describe a well-known story in your country.Y ou should sayWhen you heard the storyWhere you heard the storyWhat it is aboutHow you feel about itWhat is the importance of traditional stories?Do you think traditions are getting less and less popular?Do parents in China tell stories to their children?What kind of books do children like? Why?Do you think traditional stories will be as popular as it used to be?Why do children like listening to stories from their parents?*A hobby you had in your childhood (长沙, 北京)Describe a hobby you had in your childhoodY ou should sayWhat it isWhen you had itWhy you had itWhether you still have this hobby nowHow you like itDo people in modern times and those in the past have different hobbies?What skills can be useful in the future?What have more spare time, workers or students? How about the situation in the future?*A naughty thing you did in your childhood (苏州, 长沙)Describe something naughty you did when you were a childY ou should sayWhat you didWhen you did itWhat the result wasHow you parents felt about what you didAt what age do you think people should be perceived as an adult?How is your relationship with your parents?How would you nurture your children if you had any in the future?It seems both good students and bad students might be disobedient now and again. What is your opinion?*Something you want to save money to buy in the future (昆明, 长春)Describe something you bought but have to save money for.Y ou should sayWhat it isHow to save moneyHow long you have bought itAnd explain the reason why you want to save money to buy it.What are the different shopping habits between people living in the city and those in the town? How can parents teach their children the importance of saving money?What are the influences of advertisements on children?Do you think advertisements can help to teach children how to save money?*An advertisement (广州, 长春)Describe an advertisement you have ever watched.Y ou should sayWhat it was aboutWhen you saw itWhere you saw itWhat kind of people would be attractedHow you felt of itAnd explain the reason why you chose it to say.What are the influences of media?Do you like advertisements?What elements should a good advertisement have?Why do producers prefer to have good-looking people as spokesmen for their products?Where are those advertisements filmed?*An electronic equipment (not computer) (南京, 大连)Describe an electronic equipment in your home.Y ou should sayWhat it isHow you got itHow often you use itHow you like itDo you think modern equipment is important in our daily life?What happened to people in the past who had no such modern equipment?Do people have to take a course to learn how to use the equipment at work when they find a new job?What are the advantages and disadvantages of some modern device in the workplace?Do you think some kinds of modern equipment are harmful for health?*A gift you sent to others (南京)Describe a gift you send to somebody.Y ou should sayWhat it isWhy you bought itWho you bought it forWhether the one given the gift made you happyWhat are the purposes for sending gifts?Is it hard to choose a gift for others?*A piece of clothing given by others (广州)Describe a piece of clothing given by others.Y ou should sayWhat it isWho sent itWhy he/she sent it to youHow you like itWhat do you think of brand clothes?Will there be a growth in the sales of brand clothes?What is the influence of fashion industry?Do you like other people buying clothes for you?What is the difference in buying clothes between males and females?What is the biggest drawback of online shopping?*Something broken in your home (成都)Describe something broken in your home.Y ou should sayWhat it isHow is was brokenHow you dealt with it when it was brokenWhat influence it had on youWhat do you think of second-hand goods?What do you think of online shopping?Is it acceptable to buy second-hand good online?On what occasions do you fix the broken things by yourself?How is the quality of the goods now?Do big-size goods have better quality than those small ones?A photograph (重庆) 新题Describe a photographY ou should sayWho took itWhen it was takenWhere it was takenWho was in itHow you like itAnd explain the reason why you took it.What are the differences in tools of taking photos between present time and the past? Why do people like taking photos?How do you keep your photos?*A subject you learned in your high school (郑州, 广州)Describe a subject you learned in your high school.Y ou should sayWhat it isHow long you learnt itWhat you can learn from inWhether you had interest in itAnd explain the reason why you like/ dislike it.What subjects are popular at high school?What are the influences of modern technology on teaching and learning?What courses do university students like?What criteria do students have when they choose their major?Do people in China and those in other countries plan their future differently? How to make teachers more popular?What is the influence of long-distance learning on children?How to make students be interested in some boring subjects?*Something that you are good at (西安)Describe something you are good at.Y ou should sayWhat it isWhat advantages it bringsHow often do you do itHow you feel when you do itIs it easy for people to learn a new skill in your city?What equipment is needed to help people learn a new skill?Do you think teachers are important to students?*A skill you learn by using computer (哈尔滨)Describe a useful skill you learnt by computer.Y ou should sayHow you learn itWhether it is difficultWhat you use computers forAnd explain the reason why you wanted to learn itIs it good that every household has a computer?How do parents prevent children from indulging themselves in computer games? What do you think of people playing computer games in office hours?Do more and more people around you become too dependent on computers?*Something healthy that you want to recommend to others (广州)Describe a healthy lifestyle you want to recommend to othersY ou should sayWhat it isWhat things you need to do itWhy you think it is healthyAnd explain the reason why you recommend itDo schools teach knowledge about health and hygiene?What is the most common way of staying healthy in China?Do people have any misunderstanding of being healthy? How about the past?*A sport (南京)Describe your favourite sport.Y ou should sayWhat it isWhy you like itHow do you learn itHow you like itWhat sports do children like in China?Should parents force their children to do sports?What benefits can people gain from sports?*An outdoor activity you like (广州)Describe an outdoor activity you like.Y ou should sayWhat it isWhere you do itWith whom you do itHow often you do itAnd explain the reason why you like itDo young people like outdoor activities?*A job you wish to do in the future (哈尔滨, 青岛, 北京)Describe a job you want to try.Y ou should sayWhat job it isHow you know about itIn what way you plan to get itAnd explain the reason why you want to get itWhat are the ways of finding a job?What skills are needed for people to find a job?What assistance do universities provide for students to help them find a good job?How is the working condition in China?What is the influence of long time working?How is the teachers’ salary in China?Why do you think it is more and more difficult to find a job?What kind of applicants are companies looking for?*A day you spent away from work or study to relax (杭州, 上海) Describe a day you spent away from work or study to relax.Y ou should sayWhen it wasWho you stayed withWhat you didHow you felt of itDo people at different ages have their own ways to relax?How much old people and young people spend on recreation?What are the ways of getting relaxed?How does sleeping help people feel relaxed?What is the importance of sleeping?*A walk you took (郑州)Describe a talk you took with your friendsY ou should sayWhen you took itWhen you took itWith whom you took itWhat you didWhat the result wasDo you like walking?What are the benefits of walking?Does walking have anything to do with pace of life?Should more parks be built?*An experience of being late for something (成都)Describe an occasion you were late for.Y ou should sayWhen it wasWhere it wasWhy you were lateWhat results it hadIs t here any change in people’s notion of punctuality in the past few decades? What is the influence of the fast living pace on people’s life?*A project/ a piece of work you have done with others (上海) Describe a project you have done with others.Y ou should sayWhat it isWith whom you did withWhat difficulties you had encountered withHow you overcame themHow you felt of itDo Chinese people prefer to work alone or with others?Do you think it is important for children to learn about cooperation? What can children learn from cooperating with others?*Something you can do to protect the environment (哈尔滨, 西安) Describe something you can do to protect the environment.Y ou should sayWhat you can doHow you do itWhat effect you hope to achieveAnd explain the reason why you want to do it.How should we protect the environment?Why does the government take no action to reduce global warming? What kinds of daily behaviours are bad for the environment?What is the importance of protecting wildlife?*A thing you friend did that made you admire him/her (呼和浩特, 北京) Say a thing your friend did which makes you admire him/ her.Y ou should sayWhat it isHow he/ she didWhat the result wasAnd explain the reason why he/ she did it.Do people of different generations admire different people?Do you admire any politician?Do many people in China admire Chairman Mao?A piece of interesting news (成都) 新题Describe a piece of interesting news you got.Y ou should sayWhat it isWhen you got itIn what occasion you got itHow you felt of itAnd explain the reason why you think it is interesting.Who like reading newspapers, young people or old people?Do Chinese people prefer local news or international news?*A news story that makes you happy (西安)Describe a news story that made you happy.Y ou should sayWhat it was aboutHow you got itWhat happenedAnd explain the reason why it made you happyWhy do old people prefer to read news from newspapers rather than internet?*A new law that makes your living place better (上海, 太原)Describe a new law in your country (a good law that can make your life better) Y ou should sayWhat it is aboutWhether it will be popularHow easy it is to enforce itHow you first learned about itWho benefit from itHow you feel about itDo the public have any idea of the work and duty of the police?Do policemen in your country carry guns?What kind of people can become lawyers?On what occasions do people turn to lawyers for help?What law do you want to issue? Is it realistic?*a TV program or radio program (西安)Describe a TV programme or radio programme you like.Y ou should sayWho hosts itWhat it is aboutWhen you watch/ listen to itHow you feel about itAnd explain the reason why you like it.What do you think of being a TV host?*A movie you watched recently (太原)*A type of music that is popular in your countryDescribe a type of music that is popular in your country.Y ou should sayWhat kind of music it isWhat group of people like this kind of musicWhere to hear itHow popular it isAnd explain the reason why it is popular.Do young people and old people have different preferences for music? What kind of music do young people like?Do people like the same kind of music as they get older?What is the influence of internet on music?。

2011年英语专八考试真题及答案IntroductionThe 2011 English Proficiency Test Level 8 (专八) is an important examination in China, designed to assess individuals' English language skills at an advanced level. In this article, we will explore the genuine questions from the 2011 exam and provide detailed answers for each question. With a focus on comprehension, grammar, and writing, this guide aims to help test-takers understand the structure and requirements of the exam better.Section 1: Reading ComprehensionPassage 1: The Importance of BilingualismIn this passage, the author discusses the benefits of being bilingual and provides examples of how bilingualism can positively impact various aspects of life, such as better job opportunities and enhanced cognitive abilities. The passage also addresses common misconceptions about bilingualism.Passage 2: The Impact of Climate ChangeThis passage explores the topic of climate change, focusing on its effects on the environment, ecosystems, and human health. It highlights the urgency of addressing climate change and the importance of global cooperation in mitigating its impacts.Section 2: Vocabulary and GrammarQuestion 1: Fill in the BlanksIn this question, candidates are required to fill in the blanks with the appropriate vocabulary words or phrases. The context of the passage provides clues to help determine the correct answers.Question 2: Sentence TransformationCandidates are given a sentence and are required to transform it according to the instructions given. This tests their ability to manipulate sentence structures and demonstrates their understanding of various grammar rules.Section 3: WritingQuestion 1: Essay WritingCandidates are asked to write an essay on a given topic within a specified word limit. The topic may require them to express their opinions, argue a particular viewpoint, or analyze a given situation. Test-takers are expected to demonstrate their ability to organize their thoughts, structure their essay coherently, and use appropriate vocabulary and grammar.Question 2: Letter WritingIn this section, candidates are asked to write a formal or informal letter based on a given scenario. The prompts may require them to express gratitude, make a complaint, or provide advice. Test-takers should demonstrate their ability to use appropriate language and format for the chosen type of letter.ConclusionIn this article, we have provided an overview of the 2011 English Proficiency Test Level 8, focusing on the reading comprehension, vocabulary and grammar, and writing sections. By understanding the structure and content of the exam, test-takers can better prepare themselves for success. However, it is essential to remember that studying and practicing consistently are the keys to achieving a high score in the exam.。

雅思阅读解析发布时间：2011-04-21 作者：薛倩来源：一：剑八阅读题目汇总二．剑八题型出现频率统计三．题型出题比例分配（共160Questions）四．剑八文章解析TEST 1P1 A chronicle of timekeeping 计时器的发展/光阴的故事话题归类：人类发展史难度系数：★★★★同义替换：Q1 cold temperature = freezing weather of northern Europe. (paragraph D)Q2 farming communities = seasonal agricultureGeography = …..living near t he equator ; lower latitudesQ3 the origins = the earliest recorded…., at least 1300 years …., in the early 1400s Q4 uniform hours = it was naturally suited to keeping equal ones.P2 Air traffic control in the USA 美国空中交通管制说明文难度系数：★★★同义替换Q14 aviation disaster = an accident that occurred in the skiesQ17 altitude zones = 对应段落中具体的数字高度Q18 weather conditions = meteorological conditionsQ19 airspace categories = different types, designated by letters of the alphabetQ20 as a result of …= result inQ26 average-sized city = medium-sized metropolitanP3 Telepathy 心灵感应话题：心理学难度系数：★★★★★机经背景知识----心灵感应术Telepathy is the ability to communicate without the use of the five senses sight, hearing, touch, smell, taste).It is an instinct, and although quite dormant in many of us, we are often capable of tapping into our latent abilities in times of emergency or need. When we intuitivelyknow that something is happening, or about to happen, our instinct has kicked in. We are drawing upon resources within the unconscious mind. When the resources of two unconscious minds link together into the same frequency, we call it Telepathy.心灵感应是不用五官感觉(视觉、听觉、触觉、嗅觉、味觉)来进行交流的一种能力。

2011年1月8日3G雅思考试预测预测使用说明 INSTRUCTION● 预测适用时间：2011年1月8日考试临近两场的听力、写作考试范围非常接近，因此相邻考试的考生请参考本次预测。

每次周末考试（不含周四加考）都会有专门诊对该场考试的预测，预测将于该场考试前最近的一次考试结束后发布。

● 预测适用考区：中国大陆地区，港澳台地区，亚洲其他地区（日韩泰）以及澳洲均可参考本预测。

以上地区笔试部分（听力、阅读、写作）为统一试卷，口语考试各地区题目可能不同，请参照预测范围进行准备。

欧洲、美洲以及其他亚太以外地区不适宜使用该预测，目前除亚太地区以外由于资源和信息等问题还无法提供详细预测，考生朋友可自行参考机经复习。

● 预测适用类别：A类（1月8日大陆地区仅有A类考试）● 预测发布时间：2010年12月19日（一般预测发布时间会在目标考试前一周左右）● 预测附加说明：听力版本对应3G听力机经2009Beta1（下载：http：//www．cnielts．com/ielts/62616．html）。

2010考试回顾与2011总体预测 REVIEW & LOOKING FORWARD回顾2010年的考试，有大量值得总结的信息，供我们更好的准备来年的考试。

我们总结一些比较显著的：● 听力：↘大量使用了旧题，就像3G在2010年初预测的一样，2新2旧的搭配使用的最多。

而听力版本是以V30***最高，V08***其次，V09***第三。

↘题目难度较2009年没有显著提升，2009年听力新题的语速明显较之前加快了，信息量也大了，而2010年的题目基本只是保持了2009年的指标。

↘没有新题型，所有题型基本在剑桥7中已经体现。

↘反复重复、答案放慢与刻意突出等现象已经没有了，考生靠凭能力寻找答案，技巧成分减弱。

↘部分旧题重新录音。

● 阅读：↘新题较多，多是近期在全球各大知名杂志上（主要是地理、科技、心理等）摘录的文章，配以题目出现。

雅思阅读真题解析与答案雅思（IELTS）是国际英语语言测试系统，是考察英语语言能力的全球性标准化考试。

其中，阅读部分是考生们普遍认为相对较难的一部分。

本文将为大家解析一道雅思阅读真题，并提供详细的答案解析。

题目：篇章一：古生物学雅思阅读真题通常涉及各个领域的学术论文、科学研究等，本文选取了一篇有关古生物学的文章作为解析对象。

第一段：引言古生物学是研究古代生物的学科，通过对化石记录的分析与研究，可以揭示地球上生命演化的历程，以及与现代生物之间的联系。

第二段：古生物学的意义古生物学不仅可以帮助我们了解生物多样性的起源和演化过程，还能为生物地理学、气候学等领域提供重要的证据和参考。

通过研究古地理环境、古气候等方面的信息，我们可以更好地理解地球今天的状态。

第三段：阅读文章关键信息本篇文章将介绍一项关于古生物学的最新研究成果，该研究涉及到鸟类起源与演化的问题。

这项研究通过对一种古代鸟类化石的分析，揭示了鸟类起源的一些新证据。

第四段：研究方法与结果研究团队采用了先进的扫描电镜技术对化石进行了高分辨率的成像。

通过观察化石的细节结构，研究人员发现了一些与现代鸟类非常相似的特征，这表明这种古代鸟类与现代鸟类之间存在着密切的亲缘关系。

第五段：研究成果的意义与启示这项研究的成果为鸟类起源与演化提供了新的证据，有助于我们更加全面地认识鸟类的起源和演化过程。

另外，这项研究结果还与古气候学、古地理学等相关领域的研究相互印证，提供了进一步探索生命起源与地球演化过程的线索。

答案解析：1. 古生物学的研究对象是什么？答案：古生物学的研究对象是古代生物，通过对化石记录的分析与研究来揭示地球上生命演化的历程。

2. 古生物学在哪些领域有应用？答案：古生物学在生物地理学、气候学等领域有应用，可以提供重要的证据和参考，帮助我们理解地球今天的状态。

3. 本篇文章的主要内容是什么？答案：本篇文章介绍了一项关于鸟类起源与演化的最新研究成果，通过对一种古代鸟类化石的分析，揭示了鸟类起源的新证据。