会计考研剑走偏锋 莫让考研英语阅读理解迷了眼

总则1考试不难,信心是第一位的。

2一定要有计划,但是计划要根据自己的情况灵活调整。

3最大的经验是勤奋。

选择了金融专业就意味着你平均一天的学习时间不能少于10个小时。

4对大多数人来说,最有效的方法是快速多遍的复习。

要做到每次再看都能有新的发现。

尤其是对于政治和专业课来说。

5多多研究真题,抓住考试的重点。

这是应试的精华。

6在确保英语能过线的情况下,把主要的时间留给数学和专业课。

这两科是你成功的关键。

7要学会利用零散的时间。

比如洗衣服时可以想想接下来的计划。

坐公交车的时候可以看看时事政治等等。

8永远别在教室和图书馆以外的地方学习。

读英语,背政治除外。

9关于辅导班,要有所选择。

一卡通真的没必要。

如果你觉得自己哪科都不行,你首先已经失去了信心。

请参见第一句话。

10劳逸结合的逸不是玩,而是可以看看经济报纸杂志,或是可以看看时事政治等等与考试有关的消耗体力脑力较少的。

关于政治11书不要买太多。

一本《序列一》之类的+《核心考案》+一本习题书+一本形势与政策+几套模拟题足够了。

12明确一下政治考试的内容是选择题加分析题。

选择题的得分要靠你反复看《序列一》之类的书,五六遍以上吧。

头两遍会比较慢,后面会很快的。

分析题的得分靠平时的积累和背诵。

13分析题无话可说?有一个思路就不会出现这样的情况了。

比如以下两种思路:A摆出原理---解释原理---原理的应用---原理的意义B 是什么---为什么---怎么办关于英语14真题是最重要的。

真题里最重要的是阅读理解。

每篇文章都要精读,早晨能大声朗读更好。

15单词肯定是每天都要背的了,直到考试。

16作文不用着急,12月再开始准备也行。

17关于新题型,我自己的方法是:首先看第一个空,比如我不太确定,ADF 三个选项都觉得适合。

然后第二个空有BDEG四个选择。

此后三个空依此类推。

然后确定最有把握的一个选项,比如说第一个空,通读全文后,我很确定应该选D,那么第二个空我就把D排除了,只剩下BEG三个选择。

考研英语一阅读理解错8个
考研英语一的阅读理解部分对于考生来说是相对较难的，需要掌握一定的技巧和策略。

根据您提供的信息，您在这部分错了8个题目，属于中等偏上的水平。

要进一步提高阅读理解部分的成绩，建议您采取以下措施：
1. 增加词汇量：扩大词汇量，特别注意常用词汇和学科专业词汇的掌握。

2. 掌握阅读技巧：学会快速阅读、寻找主题句、定位关键信息和筛选无关信息等技巧。

3. 练习阅读理解题目：多做真题和模拟题，注意总结错题原因和解题方法。

4. 扩大阅读量：多读英文文章和新闻，提高阅读速度和理解能力。

5. 注重细节：在解题时要注意细节，避免因疏忽或理解错误而导致失分。

通过以上措施，相信您的阅读理解部分成绩会有所提高。

同时，也要注意其他部分的备考，争取取得更好的成绩。

祝您考试顺利！。

高三英语阅读理解观点态度题单选题30题11.The author's attitude towards the new technology in the passage is_____.A.enthusiasticB.cautiousC.skepticalD.indifferent答案：B。

本题考查对作者态度的判断。

文中提到新技术虽然有一定的优势，但也存在一些潜在的问题，所以作者的态度是谨慎的。

涉及科技类词汇有“new technology”，语法知识无特别之处。

12.The passage presents a_____view on the development of artificial intelligence.A.positiveB.negativeC.neutralD.uncertain答案：C。

文中客观地介绍了人工智能的发展，既提到了好处也提到了可能面临的挑战，所以是中立的态度。

科技类词汇有“artificial intelligence”，语法知识无特别之处。

13.The writer's stance on the use of advanced materials in industry is_____.A.supportiveB.opposedC.reservedD.ambivalent答案：C。

文章中对工业中使用先进材料进行了一定的描述，但没有明确表示支持或反对，所以是保留态度。

科技类词汇有“advanced materials”“industry”，语法知识无特别之处。

14.What is the tone of the author when discussing the latest scientific breakthrough?A.excitedB.worriedC.confidentD.puzzled答案：D。

文中对最新的科学突破进行了介绍，但同时也提出了一些疑问，所以作者的语气是困惑的。

九年级英语阅读理解观点态度题40题1. **Passage**:With the development of artificial intelligence (AI), it has been widely used in education. Some people think that AI can provide personalized learning plans for students, which can help them learn more effectively. Others worry that students may become too dependent on AI and lose their ability to think independently. What is the author's attitude towards the use of AI in education?A. PositiveB. NegativeC. NeutralD. IndifferentAnswer: C.解析: 文章既提到了有人认为人工智能能提供个性化学习计划帮助学生更有效地学习（这是正面的观点），也提到了其他人担心学生会过度依赖人工智能而失去独立思考能力（这是负面的观点），所以作者的态度是中立的。

2. **Passage**:In different countries, there are different traditional festival customs. For example, in China, the Spring Festival is a time for family reunion. People will clean their houses, paste spring couplets and set off firecrackers. In the United States, Thanksgiving is a very important festival. Familiesget together to have a big dinner and give thanks for the blessings of the year. The author seems to think that these different festival customs are _.A. StrangeB. WonderfulC. BoringD. UselessAnswer: B.解析: 文章只是客观地介绍了不同国家的传统节日习俗，没有表达出奇怪、无聊或者无用的态度，从介绍这些习俗的方式可以推断出作者认为这些习俗是很棒的。

考研英语备考：如何破解英语阅读理解正确率的不稳定？考研初试的时间已经渐渐逼近可现在相信还是有相当一部分考生因为英语阅读理解的正确率忽高忽低而导致对于考研英语有些不自信，于是时间越紧迫越会有一些焦虑感，对此就此事和大家探讨一些这个问题，希望能对大家有所启迪！一、发现英语阅读理解正确率忽高忽低的原因其实在考研中任何科目都会出现一些类似的情况，遇到这种瓶颈，但其实这个时候我们千万不要心急，不要猛去刷题，多去看看以往做过的卷子，发现并总结其中错误的所在，英语阅读理解同样是如此！在复习初期刚开始做英语的时候可能会出现阅读题五道题便可以对三道，但很多考生会存在这种情况，对于正确的题目找不出理由对于错误的同样找不到理由，属于一种迷糊的感觉，但随着复习的深入以及学习，虽然错误的还是挺多的，但可以看的明白大部分文章，开始慢慢掌握了一些技巧，并不在是之前的懵懂，这其实是一件好事，也让我们了解自己的实力和处境。

所以在这种情况下考生千万不能泄气，做错题并不可怕，反而做错题还可以作为我们复习的反推动力，我们可以将之前的错题收集起来，认真的研究，来明确之后的复习方向，是因为单词的不熟还是因为逻辑性问题等等情况，这样才能让自己做到知己知彼。

二、如何利用真题来提高阅读的正确率1、阅读理解复习方法对于做真题应该强调做题的质量而不是数量，在做题前期应该对于真题的阅读文章仔细阅读，因为考研英语真题的阅读文章包罗万千，仔细阅读品位对于考试的完形填空、翻译、新题型等等题型都是有所帮助，甚至有些上一届考研学长学姐们都常说摸透一篇真题文章，胜过10篇浏览文章，这其中的好处多多！其次阅读题的分数在考研英语中比值较大，且难度同样较大，内容覆盖的知识点也较多较广，适合做全面复习的教材。

因为前期复习知识储备量较少，也没什么状态，可以考虑用完形填空作为切入点，第一完形填空难度适中，第二在做的过程中也能更好地进入状态；再到后期时，词汇量以及语法和逻辑分析能力都上来后再重复的使用阅读文章，达到一种水到渠成的过程。

考研英语作文临兵斗者皆阵列在前考研英语怎么学篇一Dear Prof. James,I am writing to formally request to withdraw from two courses: Introduction to Elementary Education (EDU 602) and Teaching Methods (EDU 619).The main reason for reducing my course load is that I am finding it extremely difficult to manage six courses. In the beginning of the term, I was perhaps overly optimistic about juggling both my full C time studies and my part C time job (20 hours/week). Because I really must work part time, I have no other choice but to decrease my course load. I am planning on taking the two courses during the summer semester, if they are available, so that I will be able to plete all the courses for the degree program by the following year.I would also like to request a tuition refund, and hope I am not too late to receive the full reimbursement. I am sorry for any inconveniences I have caused by this change in plans. This decision was not taken lightly, and I do appreciate the king consideration you have shown to me.Thank you for your attention to these requests. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact me at 277-9144. I look forward to hearing from you soon.Sincerely yours,Jane Carter考研英语篇二考研英语大作文模板(图表作文)：The chart gives us an overall picture of the ____________(图表主题). The first thing we notice is that_______________(图表最大特点). This means that as __________, _________________(进一步说明).We can see from the statistics given that _______________(图表细节一). After ving_________(细节一中的第一个变化), the _____Ved+幅度+时间(紧跟着的变化). The figures also tells us that_________________________(图表细节二). (数据位置，如In the second column), we can see that____________accounts for _______(进一步描述).Judging from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that___________(结论). The reason for this, as far as I am concerned is that_____________(给出原因). / It is high time that we Ved(发出倡议)考研英语作文临兵斗者皆阵列在前篇三1.Be keen on 执着于…They tend to be keen on volume of effort and overlook efficiency.他们倾向于在乎努力的量而忽略了效率。

2007 Text 4（英语⼀）漏洞百出的公司Text 4It never rains but it pours.不鸣则已，⼀鸣惊⼀Just as bosses and boards have finally sorted out their worst accounting and compliance troubles, and improved their feeble corporation governance, a new problem threatens to earn them - especially in America - the sort of nasty headlines that inevitably lead to heads rolling in the executive suite: data insecurity.正当⼀板和董事⼀终于解决了最糟糕的财务和规章问题并加强其公司的薄弱管理之后，数据安全这个新问题⼀威胁到他们。

该问题以让⼀厌恶的⼀式出现在头版头条新闻中（尤其在美国)，进⼀不可避免地导致管理层的⼀⼀换任。

Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern only ofdata-rich industries such as banking, telecoms and air travel, information protection is now high on the boss's agenda in businesses of every variety.在这之前，信息保护通常还只是临时的、低层次的值息技术员的⼀作，并且只被诸如银⼀、电信、航空公司等数据量⼀的⼀业重视，可现在这个问题被放在了各⼀各业⼀板的议亊⼀程的重要位置。

Unit1Education1.问答题1)TheFworddiscussedintheessaRis flunking.2)SherrR’sattitudetowardtheFwordis positive.3)Whatreasonsdoestheauthorgiveforbelievingthatthethreatofflunkingstudentsisap ositiveteachingtool? FlunkingisahealthRthreattostudentsandcanensuretheeducationqualitR.BRcontrast,Man RstudentsareangrRandresentfulforhavingbeenpassedalonguntiltheRcouldnolongereven pretendtokeepup.4)Whatchoicedoestheauthorwanttogivetostudents?WhRissheparticularlRinterest edinthesubject? Thechoiceforstudentsiswhethertosucceedthroughhardworkortofailwithoutthethreatofbe ingflunked.TheauthorisparticularlRinterestedinthissubjectbecausesheherselfteachesan adult-literacRclassandherownsonimprovedgreatlRafterbeingthreatenedwithflunkingbR astrictteacher5)InwhatsensedoestheauthorthinkthattheeducationalsRstemcheatsthestudentsand emploRers? ThepresenteducationalsRstemisnotstrictenoughwithstudentssothattheRcaneasilRgradu atewithdiplomas.However,manRofthemfindthattheRareincompetentfortheirjobsbecause oftheirsemi-illiteracR6)WhRhavestudentsatnightschooldecidedtomakeeducationaprioritR? BecausetheRaremotivatedbRthedesireforabetterjobortheneedtohangontotheonetheR’ve got7)WhatisthepointofthisessaR?Whatdoesithavetodowiththesubjectoflearning? TheessaRaimsaturgingstudentstotakeapositiveattitudetowardsflunkingbecauseworking hardatschoolwilleventuallRhelpstudentstobequalifiedfortheirfuturejobs.2.词汇题1)Thisresearchseemstolendsome validitR（有力的）tothetheorRthatthedurgmightcausecancer.2)Inanumberofdevelopingcountries,warhasbeenanadditional impediment（障碍）toprogress.3)AntheawasabouttoplaRher trumpcard（王牌卡）:withouthersignaturenoneofthemoneRcouldbereleased.4)I flunked（挂科）mRsecondReareRamsandwasluckRnottobethrownoutofcollege5)Ididn’twanttolosem R composure（镇静）infrontofher.6)ThemanagementdidnotseemtoconsiderofficesafetRtobea prioritR（优先）.7)Forthreehoursacommitteeofstatesenatorslistenedtoa parade（一系列）oflocalresidentsgivingtheiropinions8)Thousandsofliveswillbe atstake（在危机关头）ifemergencRaiddoesnotarriveinthecitRsoon.9)BrierleR’sbookhasthe merit（优点）ofbeingbothinformativeandreadable10)Ithinktherewasa conspiracR（阴谋）tokeepmeoutofthecommittee3.改写题1)Thesediplomaswon’tlookan Rdifferentfromthoseawardedtheirluckierclassmates.resemblance(n.) Thesediplomasbearacloseresemblancetothoseawardedtheirluckierclassmates.2)IblamedthepooracademicskillsourkidshavetodaRondrugs.accusation(n.) MRaccusationagainstourkidsfortheirpooracademicskillswasthattheRtookdrugs.3)EventuallRafortunatefewwillfindtheirwaRintoeducational-repairshops.enroll(v.)EventuallRafortunatefewenrollintoeducational-repairshops.4)However,ifstR lealonewon’td oit,thereisanotherwaRtoshow.work(v.)However,ifthisstR lewon’twork,thereisanotherwa Rtoshow.5)WeeRcusethisdishonestbehaviorbRsaR ingkidscan’tlearnifthe Rcomefromterribleenvi ronments.eRcuse(n.)OureR cuseforthisdishonestbehavioristhatkidscan’tlearnifthe Rcomefromterribleenviron ments.6)Tensofthousandsof18-Rears-oldswillgraduatethisRearandbehandedmeaninglessdiplo mas.grant(v.)Tensofthousandsof18-Rear-oldswillgraduatethisRearandbegrantedmeaninglessdiplom as.4.翻译题1)OurRoungest,aworld-classcharmer,didlittletodevelophisintellectualtalentsbutalwaRs gotbR.Until Mrs.Stifter.我的小儿子是个世界级的万人迷，学习不怎么动脑筋却总能蒙混过关。

如何提高英语阅读理解能力？嘿，各位老铁，最近是不是在为英语阅读理解抓狂啊？说真的，我也是过来人，当年为了啃下那些英文原著，简直是头疼到怀疑人生！你们知道我之前在读《傲慢与偏见》的时候，看到那句“It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife”，差点没一口气背过去！当时脑子里就一个想法，这句看似简单的句子，怎么就那么难理解呢？后来我发现，英语阅读理解跟我们平常聊天一样，不仅要懂字面意思还得懂“弦外之音”。

就拿“It is a truth universally acknowledged”来说，你光知道它字面意思是“这是一个普遍公认的事实”，但真正读懂了这句开头句，就明白整个故事的基调——婚姻市场嘛！想要提高英语阅读理解能力，真的没那么复杂，关键是你要用对方法，不要死磕那些生僻单词。

首先，要像我一样，多读读经典作品，像《简·奥斯汀》之类的，反正我现在已经把《傲慢与偏见》背得滚瓜烂熟了。

你们可能觉得我是在吹牛，但我可不是在吹牛！每次读那些经典作品，我都能找到不少“金句”，而且还能从里面学到很多表达技巧，比如“It is a truth universally acknowledged”这句，就体现了英国人的幽默感，也暗示了整个故事将围绕着爱情和婚姻展开，是不是很有意思？其次，阅读时要学会“抓重点”。

就拿《傲慢与偏见》来说，你不用太在意每个细节，重点是人物关系和故事情节。

就比如那个傲慢的达西先生，为什么一开始那么讨厌伊丽莎白，后面又死心塌地地爱上了她？这才是值得我们去思考和理解的重点。

别光顾着翻译，你得想想作者想要表达什么，人物为什么要这么说话，为什么要做这些事情。

最后，别忘了多练习，像我一样，没事就拿一篇英文文章来读一读，一边读一边思考，用笔记录下自己不懂的地方，然后查阅字典和资料，慢慢地就能理解整篇文章。

2000-2013年考研英语历年真题和答案(英语一)ui2013年考研英语（一）真题 (6)Section I Use of English (6)Section II Reading Comprehension (11)Part APart B (35)Part C (42)Section III Writing (48)Part A48Part B (49)2013考研英语（一）答案 (50)Section I Use of English (50)Section II Reading Comprehension (57)Section III Writing (79)2012年考研英语（一）试题 (83)Section I Use of English (83)Section II Reading Comprehension.Part A87Part B (110)Part C (115)Section III Writing (118)Part APart B (119)2012考研英语（一）答案 (121)Section I (121)Section II Reading Comprehension (132)作文 (167)2011考研英语(一)试题 (172)Section I Use of English (172)Section II Reading Comprehension (178)Part A (178)Part B (205)Part C (211)Section ⅢWriting (216)Part A (216)Part B (216)2011考研英语（一）答案 (219)Section I Use of English (219)Section II Reading Comprehension (226)Section III Writing (244)2010年考研英语（一）试题 (250)Section I Use of English (250)Section II Reading Comprehension (251)Part A (251)Part B (258)Part C (260)Section ⅢWriting (260)Part A (260)Part B (261)2009年考研英语（一）试题 (262)Section I Use of English (262)Section I I Reading comprehension (263)Part A (263)Part B (270)Part C (271)Section ⅢWriting (272)Part A (272)Part B (272)2009年考研英语（一）答案 (274)Section I: Use of English (10 points) (274)Section II: Reading Comprehension (60 points) (274)Section III: Writing (30 points) (274)2008年考研英语（一）试题 (276)Section I Use of English (276)Section II Reading Comprehension (277)Part A (277)Part B (284)Part C (286)Section III Writing (287)Part A (287)Part B (287)2008年考研英语（一）答案 (289)Section I: Use of English (10 points) (289)Section II: Reading Comprehension (60 points) (289)Section III: Writing (30 points) (289)2007年考研英语（一）试题 (291)Section I Use of English (291)Section II Reading Comprehension (295)Part A (295)Part B (303)Part C (304)Section III Writing (305)Part A (305)Part B (306)2007年考研英语（一）答案 (307)Section I: Use of English (10 points) (307)Section II: Reading Comprehension (60 points) (307)Section III: Writing (30 points) (307)2006年考研英语（一）试题 (309)Section I Use of English (309)Section II Reading Comprehension (313)Part A (313)2002年考研英语（一）试题 (381)Section I Listening Comprehension (381)Part A (381)Part B (382)Part C (382)Section II Use of English (385)Section III Reading Comprehension (390)Part A (390)Part B (398)Section IV Writing (399)2002年考研英语（一）答案 (400)Section I: Listening Comprehension (20 points) (400)Section II: Use of English (10 points) (400)Section III: Reading Comprehension (50 points) (400)Section IV: Writing (20 points) (401)2001年考研英语（一）试题 (402)Section I Structure and Vocabulary (402)Part A (402)Part B (405)Section II Cloze Test (410)Section III Reading Comprehension (414)Section IV English-Chinese Translation (423)Section V Writing (424)2001年考研英语（一）答案 (426)Section I: Structure and Vocabulary (15 points) (426)Section II: Cloze Text (10 points) (426)Section III: Reading Comprehension (40 points) (426)Section IV: English-Chinese Translation (15 points) (426)Section V: Writing (20 points) (427)2000年考研英语（一）试题 (428)Section I Structure and Vocabulary (428)Part A (428)Part B (431)Part C (432)Section II Cloze Test (437)Section III Reading Comprehension (440)Section IV English-Chinese Translation (448)Section V Writing (449)2000年考研英语（一）答案 (451)Section I: Structure and Vocabulary (20 points) (451)Section III: Reading Comprehension (40 points) (451)Section IV: English-Chinese Translation (15 points) (451)Section V: Writing (15 points) (452)2013年考研英语（一）真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that ___1___ the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by ___2___ factors. But Dr Simonton speculated that an inability to consider the big ___3___ was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. ___4___, hetheorized that a judge ___5___ of appearing too soft ___6___crime might be more likely to send someone to prison ___7___he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.To ___8___this idea, they turned their attention to the university-admissions process. In theory, the ___9___ of an applicant should not depend on the few others___10___ randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr Simonton suspected the truth was___11___.He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews ___12___ by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had ___13___ applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale ___14___ numerous factorsinto consideration. The scores were ___15___ used in conjunction w ith an applicant’s score on the GMAT, a standardized exam which is ___16___out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.Dr Simonton found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one ___17___ that, then the score for the next applicant would___18___ by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to___19___the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been ___20___.1. A grants B submits C transmits Ddelivers2. A minor B external C crucial D objective3. A issue B vision C picture D moment4. A Above all B On average C In principleD For example5. A fond B fearful C capable D thoughtless6. A in B for C to D on7. A if B until C though D unless8. A. test B. emphasize C. share D. promote9. A. decision B. quality C. status D. success10. A. found B. studied C. chosen D.identified11. A. otherwise B. defensible C. replaceable D. exceptional12. A. inspired B. expressed C. conductedD. secured13. A. assigned B. rated C. matched D. arranged14. A. put B. got C. took D. gave15. A. instead B. then C. ever D. rather16. A. selected B. passed C. marked D. introduced17. A below B after C above D before18. A jump B float C fluctuate D drop19. A achieve B undo C maintain D disregard20. A necessary B possible C promising D helpfulSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada ,Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her, Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn`t be more out of date or at odds with the feverish would described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline`s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. In the last decade or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers tosee clothes as disposable-meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that –and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-pius stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.Overdressed is the fashion world`s answer toconsumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan`s. The Omnivore`s Dilemma. “Mass-produced clothing ,like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable and wasteful,”Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year – about 64 items per person – and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes –and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; he r example can’t be knocked off.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment –including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line –Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford not to.21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her[A] poor bargaining skill.[B] insensitivity to fashion.[C] obsession with high fashion.[D] lack of imagination.22. According to Cline, mass-market labelsurge consumers to[A] combat unnecessary waste.[B] shut out the feverish fashion world.[C] resist the influence of advertisements.[D] shop for their garments more frequently.23. The word “indictment”(Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to[A] accusation.[B] enthusiasm.[C] indifference.[D] tolerance.24. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists.[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.25. What is the subject of the text?[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.[B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.[D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.Text 2An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half. In the internet age, at least in theory,this fraction can be much reduced. By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim “behavioral” ads at those most likely to buy.In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioral ads? Or should they have explicit permission?In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Commission (FTC) proposed adding a "do not track "(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell advertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsoft's Internet Explorer andApple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digital Advertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responding to DNT requests.On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10, the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Getting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioral ads or whether they are sticking w ith Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and presson anyway.Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. After all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favorably with Google's on that count before. Brendon Lynch, MMicrosoft's chief privacy officer, blogged: "we believe consumers should have more control." Could it really be that simple?26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that“behavioral”ads help advertisers to:[A] ease competition among themselves[B] lower their operational costs[C] avoid complaints from consumers[D] provide better online services27. “The industry”(Line 6,Para.3) refers to:[A] online advertisers[B] e-commerce conductors[C] digital information analysis[D] internet browser developers28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default[A] many cut the number of junk ads[B] fails to affect the ad industry[C] will not benefit consumers[D] goes against human nature29. which of the following is true according to Paragraph.6?[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioral ads30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:[A] indulgence[B] understanding[C] appreciation[D] skepticismText 3Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely - though by no means uniformly - glowingly positive. Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured formillions of years - so why shouldn't we? Take a broader look at our species' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years . Look up Homo sapiens in the "Red List" of threatened species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature (IUCN) ,and you will read: "Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline."So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organizations are now thinking seriously about that question.For example, the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence.Perhaps willfully, it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future. The potential evolution of today's technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it's perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. That's one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future.But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say withconsiderable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad. To be sure, the future is not all rosy. But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come.31. Our vision of the future used to beinspired by[A] our desire for lives of fulfillment[B] our faith in science and technology[C] our awareness of potential risks[D] our belief in equal opportunity32. The IUCN`s “Red List”suggest that human being are[A] a sustained species[B] a threaten to the environment[C] the world`s dominant power[D] a misplaced race33. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5?[A] Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.[B] Technology offers solutions to social problem.[C] The interest in science fiction is on the rise.[D] Our Immediate future is hard to conceive.34. To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to[A] explore our planet`s abundant resources[B] adopt an optimistic view of the world[C] draw on our experience from the past[D] curb our ambition to reshape history35. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Uncertainty about Our Future[B] Evolution of the Human Species[C] The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind[D] Science, Technology and HumanityText 4On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona's immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution, the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the federal government and the states.In Arizona, United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona's controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigrations law. The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to "establish a uniform Rule ofnaturalization" and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial. Arizona had attempted to fashion state police that ran to the existing federal ones.Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court's liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun. On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately "occupied the field" and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal's privileged powersHowever, the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement. That`s because Congress has alwaysenvisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute. The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia, who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion of federalexecutive power”. The White House argued the Arizona`s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities, even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter. In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with.Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status. It never did so. The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn't want to carry out Congress's immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightlyrejected this remarkable claim.36. Three provisions of Arizona`s plan were overturned because they[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.[B] disturbed the power balance between different states.[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.37. On which of the following did the Justices agree, according to Paragraph4?[A] Federal officers` duty to withhold immigrants` information.[B] States` independence from federal immigration law.[C] States` legitimate role in immigration enforcement.[D] Congress`s intervention in immigration enforcement.38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts[A] violated the Constitution.[B] undermined the states` interests.[C] supported the federal statute.[D] stood in favor of the states.39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement[A] Outweighs that held by the states.[B] is dependent on the states` support.[C] is established by federal statutes.[D] rarely goes against state laws.40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administration.[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.（10 points）The social sciences are flourishing. As of 2005, there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010, the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every yearsince 2000.Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today`s global challenges including climate change, security, sustainable development and health.(41)______Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger , from genetically engineered crops to artificial fertilizers . Here, too, the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity.(42)____This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter: there is no radical innovation without creativedestruction.Today, the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates, rather than on topics with external impact.Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords “environmental changed”or “climate change”have increased rapidly since 2004,(43)____When social scientists do tackle practical issues, their scope is often local: Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium for example .And whether the community’s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful.The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding (44)____this is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today`s economic climate.The trick is to direct these funds better. The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists. This year, it was proposed that system be changed: Horizon 2020, a new program to be enacted in 2014, would not have such a category. This has resulted in protests from social scientists. But the intention is not to neglect social science; rather, the complete opposite.(45)____That should create more collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems.[A] It could be that we are evolving two communities of social scientists: one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highly specialized journals, and one that is problem-oriented and publishing elsewhere, such as policy briefs.[B] However, the numbers are still small: in 2010, about 1,600 of the100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of these keywords.[C] The idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health anddemographic change food security, marine research and the bio-economy, clear, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies.[D] The solution is to change the mindset of the academic community, and what it considers to be its main goal. Global challenges and social innovation ought to receive much more attention from scientists, especially the young ones.[E] These issues all have root causes in human behavior. All require behavioral change and social innovations, as well as technological development. Stemming climate change, for example, is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is aboutdeveloping clean energy.[F] Despite these factors, many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems. And in Europe, some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development.[G] During the late 1990s , national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds-including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate -varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations , it is about 15%.Part CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)It is speculated that gardens arise from a basic need in the individuals who made them: the need for creative expression. There is no doubt that gardens evidence an impossible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and that self-expression is a basic human urge; (46) Yet when one looks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.One of these urges had to do with creating a state of peace in the midst of turbulence, a “still point of the turning world,”to borrow a phrase from T. S. Eliot. (47)A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need. This distinction is so much so that where the latter is lacking, as it is for these unlikely gardens, the former becomes all the more urgent. Composure is a state of mind made possible by the structuring of one’s relation to one’s environment. (48) The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce from into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible assuch. In so doing they give composure to a segment of the inarticulate environment in which they take their stand.Another urge or need that these gardens appear to respond to, or to arise from is so intrinsic that we are barely ever conscious of its abiding claims on us. When we are deprived of green, of plants, of trees, (49) most of us give into a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the expression vanish as if by magic. In most of the homeless gardens of New York City the actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so the compositions often seem to represent attempts。