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1、腕横纹上3寸，掌长肌腱与桡侧腕屈肌腱之间的穴位是A.支沟 B .间使 C .阴郄 D .三阳络 E .会宗 2、 位于桡骨茎突上方，腕横纹上 1.5寸的穴位是 A .尺泽 B .孔最 C .列缺D .经渠 E .太渊3、 在胸部，任脉旁开 2寸的经脉是 A •足太阴脾经 B •手太阴肺经 C •足阳明胃经 D •足少阳胆经4、 尾骨端与肛门连线的中点处的穴位是A .会阴B .中极C .长强D .腰俞E .曲骨5、 腕横纹上3寸，掌长肌腱与桡侧腕屈肌腱之间的穴位是A.支沟 B .间使 C .阴郄 D .三阳络 E .会宗 6、 手厥阴经的络穴是 A .列缺 B .通里 C .内关 D .支沟 E .偏历7、 拔罐时若需留罐，其留罐的时间一般为 A . 5~10min B . 10~15min C . 15~20min D . 20~25min E8、 前正中线旁开4寸，平第7肋间隙的穴位是A .期门B .日月C .膻中D .大包E .京门9、 任脉起于A .会阴B .小腹内C .神阙D .承泣穴E .目眶下10、 捏脊在小儿推拿临床上常用于 CA .惊风B .发热C .疳积D .腹泻E .便秘11、 手阳明大肠经出于“柱骨之会上” ，所指督脉的穴位是A .百会B .大椎C .风府D .神庭E .水沟12、 足阳明胃经的起始穴位是A .大包B .睛明C .承泣D .四白E .厉兑13、 心的募穴是A .巨阙B .鸠尾C .中庭D .膻中E .华盖14、 下列腧穴中不具有补虚功能的是A .上巨虚B .三阴交C .中冲D .关元E .太冲15、 肌肉薄浅部位腧穴进针法应用A .夹持进针法B .指切进针法C .双手进针法D .提捏进针法E .舒张进针法16、 八会穴中的脏会在A .足厥阴肝经上B .足太阴脾经上C .足阳胆胃经上D .任脉上E .手太阳小肠经上17、 位于桡骨茎突上方，腕横纹上 1.5寸的穴位是A.尺泽 B .孔最 C .列缺D .经渠 E .太渊 18、 腕横纹上3寸，掌长肌腱与桡侧腕屈肌腱之间的穴位是 A .支沟 B .间使 C .阴郄 D .三阳络 E .会宗19、 耳穴在耳郭的分布有一定的规律，其中与上肢、与内脏相应的穴位分别在 BA .耳垂、耳甲B .耳舟、耳甲 A .耳垂、对耳轮体D .三角窝、耳甲E .三角窝、 耳垂21、下列情况中除哪一点外均属于不宜拔罐的情况 E .足少阴肾经 25~30min 20、位于小指末节桡侧，指甲角旁 A .少海 B .小海 C0.1寸处的穴位是少泽 D .少列 E 中冲A .皮肤过敏、溃疡B .皮肤上有疮疡化脓C.大血管部位D .高热抽搐者E .孕妇的腹部、腰骶22、不与足厥阴肝经相联系的经脉是A •肝经B •肺经C •胆经D •脾经E •胃经23、使用电针时，当电针器的输出电压在40V以上时，其最大输出电流应控制在BA . 0.5mA以上B . 1mA以内C . 1.5mA以内D . 2mA以内E . 10mA以内24、位于桡骨茎突上方，腕横纹上 1.5寸的穴位是A .尺泽B .孔最C .列缺D .经渠E .太渊25、电针法中疏波的频率为每秒多少次？A . 50~100次B . 50次以上C. 100次以上D . 2〜5次E . 10~20次26、手少阳三焦经的起始穴位是A .丝竹空B .中冲C .关冲D .侠溪E .中渚27、手太阳小肠经联系的脏腑，除心和小肠外，还有A .胃B .胆C .脾D .肝E .大肠28、既是络穴，又是八脉交会穴的是A .内关B .少列C .通里D .神门E .足临泣29、在胸部，任脉旁开4寸的经脉是A .足太阴脾经B .足少阴肾经C.足阳明胃经D .足厥阴肝经E .足太阳膀胱经30、任脉起于A.会阴B.小腹内 C .神阙D .承泣穴E目眶下【下载本文档，可以自由复制内容或自由编辑修改内容，更多精彩文章，期待你的好评和关注，我将一如既往为您服务】。
北京中医药大学本科针灸学试卷(A)专业年级姓名学号答题说明是非题:对的打“√”,错的打“×”。
2、A型题:为最佳选择题,从备选答案中选出一个正确答案。
3、B型题:为配伍题,请为每一道试题配伍一个与它关系最密切的答案。
在每组试题中,每一个备选答案可以被选1次,几次或1次也不选用。
4、D型题:为相关选择题, 备选答案中必须有两个答案在某一方面有特殊联系,请根据题干选出两个有特殊联系的正确答案。
5、X型题:为多项选择题, 备选答案中包含2个或2个以上正确答案,请根据题干要求选出全部正确答案。
[试题册一]一、是非题:1、治疗风疹在清泄血热时可取血海、委中、膈俞等穴治之。
( )2、下合穴是指手三阳经气下合于足三阳的六个腧穴。
( )3、六阳经的原穴,排列在五输穴的“输穴”之前。
( )4、远道取穴即指取本经上的远离病变部位的腧穴。
( )5、电针的密波用于痿证,疏波用于止痛、镇静。
( )6、腧穴的发展,大致经历了无定位,定名、定位及系统分类等阶段。
( )7、痛痹宜选用关元、肾俞等穴治疗。
( )8、手三阳经腧穴均可治疗热病。
( )9、膈姜灸可治疗瘰疬、肺痨、肿疡初起、毒虫(蛇)咬伤等症。
( )10、针刺印堂穴宜采用舒张进针法。
( )二、A型题:11、八会穴中的血会是:( )A 血海B 心俞C 肝俞D 膈俞E 脾俞12、直上头顶的经脉是:( )A 肺经B 肾经C 肝经D 心包经E 心经13、脾之大络是:( )A 公孙B 丰隆C 大包D 章门E 脾俞14、肝经的荥穴是:( )A 大敦B 太冲C 曲泉D 行间E 阴谷15、手少阴经的合穴是:( )A 小海B 少海C 通里D 神门E 阴郄16、阳跷脉的郄穴是:( )A 阳交B 筑宾C 飞扬D 光明E 跗阳17、温溜为手阳明大肠经的:( )A 郄穴B 合穴C 荥穴D 原穴E 输穴18、申脉通于:( )A 督脉B 任脉C 阳跷脉D 阳维脉E 以上都不是19、肩井穴可治疗:( )A 阴挺B 脱肛C 尿闭D 乳痈E 喉痹20、《针灸大成》是……撰写的A 皇甫谧B 孙思邈C 杨继洲D 王惟一E 滑伯仁21、下列何者敆不属于十五络脉?A 任脉络B 督脉络C 手厥阴络D 足太阳络E 阴跷络22、下列何者不属于十四经?A 手阳明经B 足少阴经C 督脉D 任脉E 带脉23、下列何者敆不符合经别循行特点?A 离B 行C 出D 入E 合24、下列何者有错误?A 头气街B 颈气街C 胸气街D 腹气街E 胫气街25、下列何者有错误?A 前后发际间为12寸B 肘横纹至腕横纹为12寸C 腋以下至季胁为12寸D 歧骨至横骨上廉为12寸E 臀纹至憖憖中为14寸26、两乳中间取膻中穴是:( )A 固定标志取穴法B 活动标志取穴法C 简便取穴法D 手指同身寸取穴法E 骨度分寸取穴法27、属于胆经的穴位是:( )A 头维B 阳白C 攒竹D 风府E 翳风28、复溜穴在:( )A 太溪穴上2寸B 太溪穴上3寸C 内踝上2寸D 内踝上3寸E 以上都不是29、下列五输穴中,五行属水的穴位是:( )A 阴陵泉B 阳陵泉C 神门D 太渊E 足三里30、灸至阴矫正胎位,成功率最高的孕期是:( )A 5个月B 6个月C 7个月D 8个月E 9个月三、B型题:A 太渊B 太白C 太冲D 太溪E 太阳31、肾经输穴是( )32、肾经原穴是( )33、“脉会”是( )34、敆不属于原穴的是( )A 清热B 利湿C 化痰D 通乳E 祛风35、大椎可( )36、丰隆可( )37、阴陵泉可( )38、风池可( )A 三棱针B 梅花针C 皮内针D 电针E 水针39、痛经、斑秃、顽癣、近视宜选用( )40、高热、疳疾、久痹、顽癣宜选用( )四、X型题:41、孕妇禁针的腧穴是:( )A 三阴交B 合谷C 太溪D 昆仑E 至阴42、捻转补法的操作要点是:( )A 捻转角度小B 操作时间长C 用力轻D 频率慢E 慢出针43、下列穴位中,应该平刺的有:( )A 膻中B 天枢C 百会D 阳白E 解溪44、耳聋是指:( )A 耳道流脓B 耳后压痛C 听力下降D 听力消失E 耳鸣如蝉45、痢疾的主症是:( )A 腹痛B 里急后重C 痢下赤色脓血D 痢下白色粘胨E 腹肌紧张46、肝气犯胃宜选用哪些穴位治疗?( )A 中脘B 关元C 内关D 足三里E 阳陵泉47、痛经实证宜选用哪些穴位治疗?( )A 足三里B 中极C 次髎D 地机E 至阴48、胆道蛔虫症宜选用哪些穴位治疗?( )A 迎香B 偏历C 阳陵泉D 至阳E 胆囊穴49、哪些证敆不宜施灸?( )A 实热证B 虚热证C 实寒证D 虚寒证E 本虚标实证50、古代九针是:( )A 针B 毫针C 圆利针D 皮肤针E 皮内针[试题册二]一、填空题:(每题0.5分,共11分)1、关于针灸治疗原则,《灵枢•经脉》说:“ 、、、、、、。
北京中医药大学2008年博士研究生入学考内经试题
一、原文填空（1分/空）
1、《内经》的成书年代（）
2、风盛则动，热盛则肿，燥盛则（干），寒盛则（浮），湿盛则（濡泻）。
3、肝苦急，急食甘以缓之，心苦缓，急食（酸）以收之，肺苦气上逆，急食（苦）以泄之，肾苦燥，急食（辛）以润之。
4、肝生于左，肺藏于右，心（部于表），肾（治于里），脾（为之使），胃为之市。
二、经文解释（10分/题）
1、气血以并，阴阳相倾，气乱于卫，血逆于经，血气离居，一实一虚。
2、饮入于胃，游溢精气，上输于脾，脾气散精，上归于肺，通调水道，下输膀胱。
三、问答题（10分/题）
1．结合《素问·生气通天论》原文，简述阳气的生理功能。
2．《内经》中脾主时令的论述有哪些？反映了什么学术内涵？3．《素问·玉机真藏论》五实证和五虚证预后佳的前提是什么？说明了什么问题？
4．《内经》中因势利导治疗原则的体现有哪些？
四、论述题（15分/题）
1．《内经》中有关脏腑与神明关系有几种学说？你的看法是什么？
2．举出五个注解《内经》的注家著作，并说明其注本特点。
北中医考博中医内科真题汇总（2008-2017）2008北京中医药大学内科考博试题内科学试题：100分一、名词解释（3分/题）呕吐、泻南补北、培土生金、癫狂痫、痨瘵二、简答题（5分/题）1、何谓瘟疫？2、一男，50岁，高血压病史5年。
今晨起床后，感觉头晕，视物旋转，如坐车船，视一为二。
请你作出中医诊断，并对其作出具体诊治。
3、胸痹心痛与胃脘痛的鉴别。
4、血热妄行和气不摄血的机制是什么？二者是否可以并见？三、论述题（10分/题）1、关于水肿的治疗，请你结合古代文献作出论述。
2、治湿有那些方法，并写出代表方剂，及其临床如何应用。
3、结合临床请你谈谈中医药在治疗消渴的优势所在。
4、肺、脾、肾气虚的不同之处在哪里，请结合临床应用分析。
五、病例分析题 25分患者女，73岁，有慢性支气管炎30年，肺心病5年。
近三日出现感冒，发热，咳嗽，咯痰清稀易咯出，胸部膨满，喘息，喉中痰鸣有声。
近一日出现咯痰色黄不易咯出，胸闷，渐出现意识模糊……舌淡胖，有瘀斑、瘀点，脉弦细滑。
肺胀，（外感引动，痰热瘀阻，蒙闭心神）2012北京中医药大学内科考博试题一、名词解释痿躄着痹怔忡霍乱卑惵二、简答1、试举例说明温肺化饮治法的代表方剂、药物组成、临床适应病症。
2、试从病因病机、临床表现、治法方药等方面比较阴黄、虚黄的异同。
三、论述1、结合古籍和临床阐述瘀血与消渴的关系，并举出三种常见并发症的病机特点和治法。
2、请结合临床比较分析眩晕、中风、厥证的基本病机、临床特点、治疗法则及转轨预后。
四、病例分析1、患者，男，76岁，反复发作鼻腔出血5年，每年发作3-4次，近1年来鼻出血次数频繁，且血量多，经治疗可以控制，但经常头晕目眩。
3天前因大怒，鼻腔出血复发，并头晕目眩加重，活动后尤甚，遂来我院就诊，刻下症：鼻中出血量多，色鲜红，头晕目眩，活动后加重，心悸神疲，气短乏力，夜难成寐，大便干燥。
检查：面色苍白，鼻中隔粘膜溃烂，出血量多，舌红苔薄黄，脉数。
北京中医药大学《针灸学Z》平时作业3一、单选题1.十二经脉是：A.手三阴、手三阳、足三阳、足三阴经的总称，是经络系统的主体B.十二经脉之气结聚于筋肉关节的体系C.经脉和络脉的总称，是人体气血运行的通道D.十二经脉分出的较粗大的深入体腔的支脉E.十二经脉功能活动反映于体表的部位答案：A2.十二经筋是：A.手三阴、手三阳、足三阳、足三阴经的总称，是经络系统的主体B.十二经脉之气结聚于筋肉关节的体系C.经脉和络脉的总称，是人体气血运行的通道D.十二经脉分出的较粗大的深入体腔的支脉E.十二经脉功能活动反映于体表的部位答案：B3.十二皮部是：A.手三阴、手三阳、足三阳、足三阴经的总称，是经络系统的主体B.十二经脉之气结聚于筋肉关节的体系C.经脉和络脉的总称，是人体气血运行的通道D.十二经脉分出的较粗大的深入体腔的支脉E.十二经脉功能活动反映于体表的部位答案：E4.十二经别是：A.手三阴、手三阳、足三阳、足三阴经的总称，是经络系统的主体B.十二经脉之气结聚于筋肉关节的体系C.经脉和络脉的总称，是人体气血运行的通道D.十二经脉分出的较粗大的深入体腔的支脉E.十二经脉功能活动反映于体表的部位答案：D5.十二经筋的作用是：A.输布气血，渗灌濡养周身B.约束骨骼利于关节屈伸活动，保持人体正常活动功能C.抗御外邪，保卫机体，反映病证D.对十二经脉气血有蓄积和灌渗调节作用E.补充了十二经脉循行的不足答案：B6.十二皮部的作用是：A.输布气血，渗灌濡养周身B.约束骨骼利于关节屈伸活动，保持人体正常活动功能C.抗御外邪，保卫机体，反映病证D.对十二经脉气血有蓄积和灌渗调节作用E.补充了十二经脉循行的不足。
08年华中科技大学神经病学名词解释：1. parinand syndrome2. migraine equivalents3. Glossopharyngeal neuralgia4. Queckenstedt test5. 神经失用6. 构音障碍7. 颈内动脉盗血综合症8. 跌倒发作二、简答：1. 何为难治性癫痫？其危险因素有哪如何处理？2. 脊髓传导束损害临床表现?3. 如何鉴别AD，VD？4. 颅内动脉瘤可产生那些症状？5. 鉴别Lambert-Eaton syndrome和重症肌无力。
6. 脑脊液常规及生化检查项目及意义。
08年华中科技大学神经解剖学一、名词解释：1. 神经节2. 网状结构3. 突触4. 面神经丘5. 外侧丘系6. 内囊7. 基底核8. Willis环二、简答题：1. 手的神经支配2. 头面部副交感神经节的名称、位置及纤维联系3. 背侧丘脑特异性投射核团的构成、纤维联系、功能4. 简述视觉传导通路及一侧是神经受损症状及原因5. 海绵窦的位置及穿经结构2008年山大心血管考博试题（完整记忆版）名词4×51.CRT2.no-reflow3.致心律失常性右室心肌病4.PWV5.Marfan syndrome二、简述（12×5）1.PCI的主要并发症2.肺动脉高压的主要原因和分类3.2006年AHA对心肌病的定义和分类4.房颤抗栓指征5.高血压的诊断标准？不同诊断标准对心血管事件的影响？三、（20分）2006年中国成人血脂防治指南的高危/极高危人群包括？为什么对这类人群要进行强化调脂治疗？山东大学2008博士病理生理试题（专业基础）（记忆版）1 细胞信号转导异常的原因2 呼吸性酸中毒的原因和对机体的影响3 水中毒的原因和对机体的影响4 低张性缺氧的原因和血氧变化特点5 钙超载在心肌再灌注损伤中的作用6 心衰兴奋－收缩偶联机制7 癌基因致癌的机制8 DIC的临床表现及机制9病例分析大体是一名45岁女性，哮喘22年，近一月来呼吸困难，出现情绪不稳，头晕等症状，血气示PCO2 70、PCO2 50,分析其中的病理现象机制10 病例分析大体是胆囊炎病人应用庆大霉素4周后出现呕心呕吐、尿少、食欲降低等不适，血气示PCO2 28、PH 7.35（？）、血钾6.5 BE -15,SB12 （数据？），问发生了什么病理生理情况，并解释如何发生的山东大学2008年考博免疫题(记忆版)一名词解释(原题全英语)FCM,Microassay,IgSF,PAMP,HLA,KLR,超抗原,免疫忽视,调节性T细胞,还有一个忘了.二简答:1什么是疫苗?其种类及特点2,IL-2在T细胞活化中的作用3T细胞信号传导过程4B细胞在免疫应答中的作用5抗体亲和力成熟的过程及机制6链球菌感染后得肾小球肾炎的免疫损伤机制7同种异型抗原的识别机制8CR1,CR2在免疫中的作用三论述:结合你硕士阶段的课题,请谈谈博士阶段的初步研究方向2008年最新协和医科大学博士生入学专业分子生物学考试试题第一部分：填空疯牛病的致病原因什么是原病毒SD序列信号肽识别序列的组成-----部分和-----部分乳糖操纵子的调控序列——————————————————————第二部分：大题，2道1.给了一段序列要求涉及合适的引物，扩增出改序列，（考点为引物设计原则）2.给了一个质粒序列，和一段待插入的基因组DNA片段，然后酶切后电泳，酶切后电泳，三个泳道有三种不同的条带，分析其产生情况（考点为克隆部分）第三部分：1.紫外线过度照射后容易引发皮肤癌，正常机体通过何种机制修复2.介绍酵母双杂交的原理和应用3.举例说明小RNA在发育中的作用和意义3. 什么是转录后加工？目前认为这一提法欠妥，为什么？4. 人类基因组当中存在许多非编码序列，如转座子和内含子，（1）请问这些非编码序列是没有价值的垃圾吗？为什么？（2）近年来，小分子RNA的研究与表观遗传学进展迅速，是否表明中心法则已经过时，已经被新的理论取代？交大细胞生物学2008年考博试卷10个名字解释SiRNAtranscription factorcheckpiontsiPS cells膜受体heterochromatinP型运输ATP酶蛋白质分选微管相关蛋白质integrin问答题：后基因组时代蛋白质研究的技术，策略。
针灸学习题含答案一、单选题（共100题，每题1分，共100分）1、不宜久留针或不留针的病症是（）A、里证B、表证C、阴证D、寒证E、以上不均可正确答案：B2、虚脱的治疗以A、任脉、督脉穴为主，针用补法B、任脉穴为主，针用泻法C、任脉穴为主，针用补法D、任脉、督脉穴为主，针用泻法E、督脉穴为主，针用泻法正确答案：A3、遗尿兼有多梦的配用A、百会神门B、肺俞脾俞C、膀胱俞大椎D、脾俞足三里E、肾俞命门正确答案：A4、尺泽配列缺属( )A、前后配穴B、上下配穴C、本经配穴D、表里经配穴E、左右配穴正确答案：C5、两侧头痛宜取A、率谷、角孙、外关、中渚B、四神聪、印堂、合谷、后溪C、百会、通天、太冲、行间D、上星、头维、合谷、内庭E、风府、大椎、昆仑、申脉正确答案：A6、络穴是：A、合谷B、曲池C、偏历D、商阳E、阳溪正确答案：C7、被称为“血海”、“十二经之海”的经脉是:A、带脉B、任脉C、督脉D、冲脉E、足阳明胃经正确答案：D8、灸法选择陈艾，是因为（）A、灸时火力太弱B、所含挥发油太少C、生硬不易团聚D、温和持久的热度E、以上都不是正确答案：D9、头针中归属于足少阳胆经和足阳明胃经的刺激线是（）A、额旁3线B、额旁2线C、枕上旁线D、顶旁2线E、顶旁1线正确答案：A10、胆的募穴是：A、京门B、日月D、率谷E、期门正确答案：B11、胎位不正治疗，如果患者兼有神疲乏力，纳差，需加用A、太溪昆仑B、关元命门C、足三里三阴交D、中脘建里E、肾俞太溪正确答案：C12、针刺曲池穴的进针方法是（）A、爪切进针法B、夹持进针法C、舒张进针法D、提捏进针法E、以上都不是正确答案：A13、六腑与下合穴相配，不正确的是A、足阳明合于足三里B、手阳明合于上巨虚C、手太阳合于下巨虚D、手阳明合于下巨虚E、足少阳合于阳陵泉正确答案：D14、治疗实证鼻渊宜选用A、太溪、照海、鱼际、廉泉B、少商、合谷、曲池、内庭、列缺C、下关、太溪、大迎、行间D、颊车、内庭、二间、合谷E、合谷、迎香、上迎香、列缺、印堂正确答案：E15、天灸又称为（）A、实按灸C、间隔灸D、发泡灸E、化脓灸正确答案：D16、腰部扭伤痛在督脉可远端取A、昆仑京骨B、内庭厉兑C、人中后溪D、隐白公孙E、合谷手三里正确答案：C17、针刺单侧听宫时体位宜为（）A、仰靠坐位B、俯伏坐位C、侧俯坐位D、仰卧位E、俯卧位正确答案：C18、治疗眩晕用风池是A、益气养血B、平肝化痰C、定眩治标D、镇肝熄风E、柔肝缓急正确答案：C19、脾胃虚弱型痿证宜选A、华佗夹脊穴、手足阳明胃经（上、下肢）排针、关元、太溪、肾俞、三阴交B、华佗夹脊穴、气海、血海、委中、三阴交C、华佗夹脊穴、足阳明胃经（下肢）排针、大椎、合谷、阴陵泉D、华佗夹脊穴、足阳明胃经（下肢）排针、气海、阴陵泉E、华佗夹脊穴、曲池、太渊、上下巨虚正确答案：D20、中风闭证，取丰隆穴，其作用是A、开闭泄热B、清心泄热C、平肝熄风D、蠲化浊痰E、调和经脉，疏通气血正确答案：D21、太渊是：A、合穴B、郄穴C、络穴D、募穴E、原穴正确答案：E22、曲泽位于：A、腕横纹上3寸B、手掌心C、肘横纹下7寸D、腕掌横纹的中点E、肘横纹中，当肱二头肌的尺侧缘正确答案：E23、治疗哮喘以调补何脏之气为主：A、肝肾B、脾胃C、肺肾D、心肺E、肺脾正确答案：C24、血枯经闭兼有盗汗者加A、内关B、中脘C、太溪D、肝俞E、足三里正确答案：C25、头穴线“颞前线”的定位是（）A、自强间穴至脑户穴连线B、自百会穴至曲鬓穴连线C、自颔厌穴至悬厘穴连线D、自前神聪穴至悬厘穴连线E、自率谷穴至曲鬓穴连线正确答案：C26、下列经脉中，除哪一条外均联系到肩部：A、手少阳三焦经B、足少阳胆经C、手太阳小肠经D、手阳明大肠经E、手少阴心经正确答案：E27、治疗半身不遂取井穴刺出血，其意在A、接续经气B、扶助正气C、驱邪外出D、阴病取阳E、阳病取阴正确答案：A28、男性 21岁鼻衄 2天，量少鲜红，鼻燥口干，咽喉干燥，每次少量衄血可自止，或时有身热，咳嗽痰少。
2008年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试卷Paper OnePart I Listening Comprehension (30%)Section A1. A. It was called off unexpectedly.B. It raised more money than expected.C. It received fewer people than expected.D. It disappointed the woman for the man’s abse nce.2. A. A thoracic case. B. A nervous disorder.C. A stomach problem.D. A psychiatric condition.3. A. In the housing office on campus. B. In the downtown hotel.C. At a rental agency.D. In the nursing home.4. A. Trilled. B. Refreshed C. Exhausted. D. Depressed.5. A. To travel with his parents. B. To organize a picnic in the country.C. To cruise, even without his friends.D. To take a flight to the Maldives.6. A. He’s got a revert. B. He’s got nausea.C. He’s got diarrhea.D. He’s got a runny nose.7. A. To suture the man’s wound. B. To remove the bits of glass.C. To disinfect the man’s injured.D. To take a close look at the man’s wound.8. A. Mr. Lindley had got injured. B. Mr. Lindley had fallen asleep.C. Mr. Lindley had fallen off his chair.D. Mr. Lindley had lost consciousness.9. A. She will apply to Duke University.B. She will probably attend the University of Texas.C. She made up her mind to give up school for work.D. She chose Duke University over the University of Texas.10. A. Her boyfriend broke up with her.B. She was almost run over by a truck.C. One of her friends was emotionally hurt.D. She dumped her boyfriend’s truck in the river.11. A. The patient will not accept the doctor’s recommendation.B. The doctor lost control of the allergic reaction.C. The doctor finds it hard to decide what to do.D. The medicine is not available to the patient.12. A. It was more expensive than the original price. B. It was given to the woman as a gift.C. It was the last article on sale.D. It was a good bargain.13. A. excited. B. Impatient. C. Indifferent. D. Concerned.14. A. She regrets buying the car. B. The car just arrived yesterday.C. She will certainly not buy the car.D. This is the car she has been wanting.15. A. He is seriously ill. B. His work is a mess.C. The weather is lousy this week.D. He has been working under pressure. Section BPassage One16. A. He has got bowel cancer. B. He has got heart disease.C. He has got bone cancer.D. He has got heartburn.17. A. To have a colonoscopy. B. To seek a second opinion.C. To be nut on chemotherapy.D. To have his bowel removed.18. A. A pretty minor surgery. B. A normal life ahead of him.C. A miracle in his coming years.D. A life without any inconveniences.19. A. Thankful. B. Admiring. C. Resentful. D. Respectful.20. A. It was based on the symptoms that man had described.B. It was prescribed considering possible complications.C. I was given according to the man’s actual condition.D. It was effective because of a proper intervention.Passage Two21. A. Smoking and Lung Cancer. B. Lung Cancer and the sexes.C. How to quit smoking.D. How to prevent lung cancer.22. A. Current smokers exclusively. B. Second-hand smokers.C. With a lung problems.D. At age 40 or over.23. A. 156 B. 269 C. 7498 D.942724. A. Smoking is the culprit in causing lung cancer.B. Women are more vulnerable in lung cancer than men.C. Women are found to be more addicted to smoking than men.D. When struck by lung cancer, men seem to live longer than men.25. A. Lung cancer can be early detected.B. Lung cancer is deadly but preventable.C. Lung cancer is fatal and unpredictable.D. Smoking affects the lungs of men and women differently.Passage Three26. A. A hobby B. The whole worldC. learning experience.D. A career to earn a living27. A. Her legs were brokenB. Her arms were brokenC. Her shoulders were severely injuredD. Her cervical vertebrate were seriously injured.28. A. She learned a foreign language B. She learned to make friends.C. She learned to be a teacher.D. She learned a living skills.29. A. She worked as a skiing coach.B. She was a college instructor.C. She was a social worker in a clinic.D. She worked as elementary school teacher.30. A. Optimistic and hard-bitten. B. Pessimistic and cynical.C. Humorous and funny.D. Kind and reliable.Part II Vocabulary (10%)Section A31. I’m afraid that you’ll have to ___________ the deterioration n. 恶化；退化；堕落of the condition.A. account for 对…负有责任；对…做出解释；说明……的原因；导致；（比例）占B. call for 要求；需要；提倡；邀请；为…叫喊C. look for 寻找D. make for 导致；有助于；走向32. Twelve hours a week seemed a generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的；宽宏大量的；有雅量的___________ of your time to the nursing home.A. affliction n. 苦难；苦恼；折磨B. alternative adj. 供选择的；选择性的；交替的n. 二中择一；供替代的选择C. allocation n. 分配，配置；安置（location n. 位置（形容词locational）；地点；外景拍摄场地）D. alliance n. 联盟，联合；联姻33. Every product is _________ tested before being put into market.A. expensivelyB. exceptionally adv. 异常地；特殊地；例外地C. exhaustively adv. 耗尽一切地D. exclusively adv. 唯一地；专有地；排外地34. Having clean hands is one of the ___________ rules when preparing food.A. potent adj. 有效的；强有力的，有权势的；有说服力的B. conditional adj. 有条件的；假定的n. 条件句；条件语C. inseparable adj. [数] 不可分割的；不能分离的n. 不可分离的事物；形影不离的朋友D. cardinal n. 红衣主教；枢机主教；鲜红色；【鸟类】(北美)主红雀adj. 主要的，基本的；深红色的35. The educators should try hard to develop the ________ abilities of children.A. cohesive adj. 有结合力的；紧密结合的；有粘着力的B. cognitive adj. 认知的，认识的C. collective adj. 集体的；共同的；集合的；集体主义的n. 集团；集合体；集合名词D. comic adj. 喜剧的；滑稽的；有趣的n. 连环漫画；喜剧演员；滑稽人物36. Mortgage vt. 抵押n. 抵押房屋抵押贷款___________ had risen in the last year because the number of low-income families was on the increase.A. defects n. 缺点，缺陷；不足之处vi. 变节；叛变B. deficits n. 赤字；不足额C. defaults vi. 拖欠；不履行；不到场n. 违约；缺席；缺乏；系统默认值vt. 不履行；不参加（比赛等）；对…处以缺席裁判（fault n. 故障；[地质] 断层；错误；缺点；毛病；（网球等）发球失误vi. 弄错；产生断层）D. deceptions n. 欺骗，欺诈；骗术37. The symptoms n. [临床] 症状；症候；病徵may be __________ by certain drugs.A. exaggerated adj. 夸张的，言过其实的v. 夸张，夸大B. exacerbated vt. 使加剧；使恶化；激怒=aggravateC. exceeded adj. 非常的；过度的；溢出的v. 超过（exceed的过去分词）；越出D. exhibited adj. 展出的v. 展出；表现出（exhibit的过去分词）38. Her story was a complete adj. 完整的；完全的；彻底的vt. 完成_________ from start to finish, so nobody believed in her.A. facility n. 设施；设备；容易；灵巧B. fascination n. 魅力；魔力；入迷（adj.fascinating迷人的；吸引人的；使人神魂颠倒的fascinated着迷的；被深深吸引的）C.fabrication n.制造，建造；装配；伪造物（n.fabric织物；布；组织；构造；fabricator制作者；杜撰者v.fabricated制造，组装；伪造，捏造（fabricate的过去分词）vt.fabricate制造；伪造；装配）D. faculty n. 科，系；能力；全体教员39. The police investigating the traffic accident have not ruled out 排除；取消；划去；反对；阻止_________.A. salvage n. 打捞；海上救助；抢救财货；救难的奖金vt. 抢救；海上救助B. safeguard n. [安全] 保护；保卫；保护措施vt. [安全] 保护，护卫C. sabotage vt. 妨害；对…采取破坏行动vi. 从事破坏活动n. 破坏；破坏活动；怠工D. sacrifice n. 牺牲；祭品；供奉vt. 牺牲；献祭；亏本出售vi. 献祭；奉献40. The government always _________ on the background n. 背景；隐蔽的位置vt. 作…的背景adj. 背景的；发布背景材料的of employees who are hired for sensitive military projects.A. takes up 拿起；开始从事；占据(时间,地方)B. checks up 检查；核对（check out 检验；结账离开；通过考核；盖章，结账后离开，结帐后离开，办理退房、出院手续）C. works out 解决；算出；实现；制定出；消耗完；弄懂；锻炼D. looks into 调查；观察；窥视；浏览；看Section B41. The 19th century physiology n. 生理学；生理机能was dominated vt. 控制；支配；占优势；在…中占主要地位vi. 占优势；处于支配地位by the study of the transformations of food energy into body mass 体重and activity.A. boosted adj. 升高的；升压的；加力的v. 提高，推进；宣传（boost的过去式）B. governed v. 管理（govern的过去式和过去分词）；统治；支配C. clarified adj. 澄清的；透明的v. 阐明（clarify的过去分词形式）；澄清D. pioneered v. 倡导；作先驱（pioneer的过去式）42. Surely, it would be sensible adj. 明智的合乎情理的通情达理的意识到的，能感觉到的to get a second opinion before taking any further action.采取进一步行动，进一步的行动A. realistic adj. 现实的；现实主义的；逼真的；实在论的B. sensitive adj. 敏感的；感觉的；[仪] 灵敏的；感光的；易受伤害的；易受影响的n. 敏感的人；有灵异能力的人C. reasonable adj. 合理的，公道的；通情达理的D. sensational adj. 轰动的；耸人听闻的；非常好的；使人感动的（economic sanction经济制裁）43. The Chinese people hold the ancestors n. 祖先；被继承人in great veneration.n. 尊敬；崇拜（Ancestor veneration祖先崇拜）A. recognition n. 识别；承认，认出；重视；赞誉；公认B. sincerity n. 真实，诚挚C. heritage n. 遗产；传统；继承物；继承权D. honour n. 荣誉；尊敬；勋章vt. 尊敬；[金融] 承兑；承兑远期票据44. I worked to develop the requisite skill 必要技能（requisite adj. 必备的，必不可少的；需要的n. 必需品）for managerial adj. [管理] 管理的；经理的post.n. 岗位；邮件；标杆vt. 张贴；公布；邮递；布置vi. 快速行进A. perfect adj. 完美的；最好的；精通的vt. 使完美；使熟练n. 完成式B. exquisite adj. 精致的；细腻的；优美的，高雅的；异常的；n. 服饰过于讲究的男子C. unique adj. 独特的，稀罕的；[数] 唯一的，独一无二的n. 独一无二的人或物D. necessary adj. 必要的；必需的；必然的n. 必需品45. If exercise is a bodily maintenance activity 维修活动and an index n. 指标；指数；索引；指针vi. 做索引vt. 指出；编入索引中of physiological age生理年龄, the lack of sufficient exercise may either cause or hasten aging.二者择一的；要么…要么…A. instance n. 实例；情况；建议vt. 举...为例B. indicator n. 指示器；[试剂] 指示剂；[计] 指示符；压力计C. appearance n. 外貌，外观；出现，露面D. option n. [计] 选项；选择权；买卖的特权（potent adj. 有效的；强有力的，有权势的；有说服力的）46. The doctor advised Ken to avoid strenuous exercise剧烈运动.（strenuous adj. 紧张的；费力的；奋发的；艰苦的；热烈的）A. arduous adj. 努力的；费力的；险峻的B. demanding adj. 苛求的；要求高的；吃力的v. 要求；查问（demand的ing形式）C. potent adj. 有效的；强有力的，有权势的；有说服力的D. continuous adj. 连续的，持续的；继续的；连绵不断的47. The hospital should be held accountable for 负责，对…应付责任the quality of care 护理质量it delivers.A. practicable adj. 可用的；行得通的；可实行的B. reliable adj. 可靠的；可信赖的n. 可靠的人C. flexible adj. 灵活的；柔韧的；易弯曲的D. responsible adj. 负责的，可靠的；有责任的48. Greenpeace n. 绿色和平组织（保护动物不遭捕猎等）has been invite to appraise vt. 评价，鉴定；估价the environment costs of such an operation.A. esteem vt. 尊敬；认为；考虑；估价n. 尊重；尊敬B. appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激；领会；鉴别vi. 增值；涨价C. evaluate vt. 评价；估价；求…的值vi. 评价；估价D. approve vt. 批准；赞成；为…提供证据vi. 批准；赞成；满意49. The company still hopes to find a buyer, but the future looks bleak.adj. 阴冷的；荒凉的，无遮蔽的；黯淡的，无希望的；冷酷的；单调的A. chilly adj. 寒冷的；怕冷的B. dismal adj. 凄凉的，忧郁的；阴沉的，沉闷的n. 低落的情绪C. promising adj. 有希望的，有前途的v. 许诺，答应（promise的现在分词形式）D. fanatic n. 狂热入迷者；盲信者；盲信adj. 狂热的；盲信的50. These were vital adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的；有活力的decisions n. 决定，决心；决议that bore upon （bear upon ）有关；瞄准；对…施加压力the happiness of everybody.A. ensured vt. 保证，确保；使安全B. ruined n. 废墟；毁坏；灭亡vt. 毁灭；使破产vi. 破产；堕落；被毁灭C. achieved vt. 取得；获得；实现；成功vi. 达到预期的目的，实现预期的结果，如愿以偿D. influenced n. 影响；势力；感化；有影响的人或事vt. 影响；改变Part III Cloze (10%)Are some people born clever and others born stupid? Or is intelligence n. 智力；情报工作；情报机关；理解力developed by our environment and our experiences? Strangely ___51___, the answer to both these questions is yes. To some extent 在一定程度上；在某种程度上our intelligence is given us at birth生下来时（innate adj. 先天的；固有的；与生俱来的）, and no amount of 即使再大（或再多）的…（也不）special education can make a genius n. 天才，天赋；精神___52____ a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand另一方面, a child who lives in boring adj. 无聊的；令人厌烦的environment will develop his intelligence less than the one who lives in rich and varied surrounding. Thus the ___53___ of a person’s intell igence are fixed at birth, but whether ornot he reaches those limits will depend on his ___54___. This view, not held by most experts can be supported in a number of ways.It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent 在一定程度上；在某种程度上___55___ we are born with. The closer the blood relationship 血统；血缘关系between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people ___56___, it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two identical twins [遗] 同卵双胞胎；[妇产] 单卵性双胎they will likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have ___57___ intelligence and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.___58___ now that we take identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates vt. 表明；指出；预示；象征that environment ___59___ birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the ___60___ that people who live in close contact with each other. But who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.53. A. amounts n. 数量，总额（amount的复数）v. 总和（amount的第三人称单数形式）B. qualities [统计] 品质C. limits n. 限制；限度；界线vt. 限制；限定D. scores n. 分数；二十；配乐；刻痕vt. 获得；评价；划线，刻划；把…记下vi. 得分；记分；刻痕54. A. disposition n. 处置；[心理] 性情；[军] 部署；倾向B. perception n. 知觉；[生理] 感觉；看法；洞察力；获取C. endowment n. 捐赠；捐助；捐款；天资56. A. in advance adv. 预先，提前B. for effect 为了给人良好的印象；为了得到效果C. at random 胡乱地；随便地；任意地D. under way 进行中；航行中；在行进57. A. similar adj. 相似的n. 类似物B. various adj. 各种各样的；多方面的C. appropriate adj. 适当的；恰当的；合适的vt. 占用，拨出D. inborn adj. 天生的；先天的Part IV Reading Comprehension(30%)Passage One1.Fourteen-year-old Sean MeCallum lay in a hospital bed waiting for a new heart. Without it, Sean would di e. Sean’s case is not unusual. Everyday many people die because there just aren’t enough human organs to go around.四处走动；供应；（消息）流传2.Now scientists say they can alter the genetic make-up 基因组成，遗传构成of certain animals so that their organs may be acceptable to 使...可接受humans. With this gene-altering technique to overcome vt. 克服；胜过vi. 克服；得胜（come over过来；顺便来访；抓住）our immune rejection 免疫排斥to foreign organs, scientists hope to use pig heart for transplants vt. 移植；迁移；使移居n. 移植；移植器官；被移植物；移居者vi. 移植；迁移；移居by the year 2008.3.That prospect n. 前途；预期；景色vi. 勘探，找矿vt. 勘探，勘察, however, has stirred up 激起；煽动；搅拌；唤起strong opposition n. 反对；反对派；在野党；敌对among animal fight activities. They protest vi. 抗议；断言vt. 抗议；断言n. 抗议adj. 表示抗议的；抗议性的that the whole idea of using animal organs is cruel adj. 残酷的，残忍的；使人痛苦的，让人受难的；无情的，严酷的and unjust.adj. 不公平的，不公正的；非正义的.Some scientists also fear such transplants may transmit vt. 传输；传播；发射；传达；遗传unknown diseases to humans.4.Others believe transplanting animal organs into humans is unnecessary. Millions of dollars spent on breeding pigs for their organs could be better spent on health education programs. They believe seventy-five percent of the heart disease cases that lead to a need for organ transplant are preventable adj. 可预防的；可阻止的；可防止的. The key is to convince people to eat healthily, and not to smoke or drink alcohol. Scientists could also use research funds to improve artificial adj. 人造的；仿造的；虚伪的；非原产地的；武断的organs.5.Still others believe that though new inventions and prevention programs may help, spending money to encourage more people to donate their organs is an even better idea. If enough people were educated about organ donations, everyone who needed an organ could be taken off 起飞；脱下；离开the waiting list in a year.61. What is the problem the passage begins with?A. High mortality rate of immune rejection.B. A malpractice n. 玩忽职守；不法行为；治疗不当in heart transplantation.C. An unusual case of organ transplant.D. A shortage of human organs.62. Not only is the gene-altering technique a technical issue技术问题, according to the passage but also it _________________________.A. introduces an issue of inhumanity n. 不人道，无人性；残暴B. raises the issue of justice n. 司法，法律制裁；正义；法官，审判员in medicineC. presents a significant adj. 重大的；有效的；有意义的；值得注意的；意味深长的n. 象征；有意义的事物threat to human nature人性；人类本性D. pushes the practice of organ transplant to the limits63. Doubtful of the necessity of using animal organs, some scientists ___________________.A. are to narrow adj. 狭窄的，有限的；勉强的；精密的；度量小的n. 海峡；狭窄部分，隘路vt. 使变狭窄the scope n. 范围；余地；视野；眼界；导弹射程vt. 审视of organ transplantsB. switch to v. 切换到；转到；转变成t he development of artificial organsC. come up with 提出；想出；赶上alternatives to the current problemD. set out to 打算，着手,开始purchase n.购买；紧握；起重装置vt.购买；赢得vi. 购买东西better ways of treating heart disease64. It can be inferred from推断the concluding paragraph of the passage that __________________.A. the gene-altering technique will help those waiting for organ transplantsB. the present supply of human organs still has potential n. 潜能；可能性；[电] 电势adj. 潜在的；可能的；势的（potent adj. 有效的；强有力的，有权势的；有说服力的）to be explored vt. 探索；探测；探险C. people prefer the use of animal organs for medical purposes n. 目的；用途；意志vt. 决心；企图；打算D. the gene-altering technique leaves much to believed65. The information the passage carries is __________________________.A. enlightening adj. 使人领悟的；有启发作用的v. 启蒙；通知（enlighten的ing形式）B. unbelievable adj. 难以置信的；不可信的C. imaginative adj. 虚构的；富于想象的；有创造力的（imaginable可能的；可想像的）D. factual adj. 事实的Passage Two1.There is a great irony n. 讽刺；反语；具有讽刺意味的事adj. 铁的；似铁的of 21st century global health: While many hundreds of millions of 数以亿计people lack adequate adj. 充足的；适当的；胜任的food as a result of economic inequities n. 不公平，不公正, political corruption政治腐败（corruption n. 贪污，腐败；堕落）, or warfare n. 战争；冲突, many hundreds of millions more are overweight to the point of 达到…的程度increased risk for diet-related chronic diseases. Obesity n. 肥大，肥胖is a worldwide phenomenon n. 现象；奇迹；杰出的人才, affecting children as well as adults and forcing all but the poorest countries to divert vt. 转移；使…欢娱；使…转向scarce resources 稀有资源（scarce adj. 缺乏的，不足的；稀有的adv. 仅仅；几乎不；几乎没有）away from food security 粮食安全；食品安全；食物保障to take care of people with preventable adj. 可预防的；可阻止的；可防止的heart disease and diabetes.n. 糖尿病；多尿症2.To reverse n. 背面；相反；倒退；失败vt. 颠倒；倒转adj. 反面的；颠倒的；反身的the obesity epidemic adj. 流行的；传染性的n. 传染病；流行病；风尚等的流行, we must address vt. 演说；从事；忙于；写姓名地址；向…致辞；与…说话；提出；处理n. 地址；演讲；致辞；说话的技巧；称呼the fundamental cause根本原因. Overweight comes from consuming more food energy than is expended vt. 花费；消耗；用光；耗尽in activity. The cause of this imbalance also is ironic: improved prosperity. People use extra income to eat more and be less physically active. Market economies encourage this. They make people with expendable adj. 可消费的；排出的；不重复使用的；可牺牲的n. 消耗品income into consumers of aggressively adv. 侵略地；攻击地；有闯劲地（侵略=aggress; aggression; invade; invasion）（exaggerated adj. 夸张的，言过其实的v. 夸张，夸大aggravate vt. 加重；使恶化；激怒）marketed foods that are high in energy but low in nutritional value营养价值, and of cars, television set, and computers that promote sedentary adj.久坐的；坐惯的；定栖的；静坐的behaviour. Gaining weight are good business. Food is particularly business because everyone eats.3.Moreover adv. 而且；此外, food is so overproduced vt. 过度生产that many countries, especially the rich ones, have far more than 远远超过，多得多的they need - another irony. In the United States, to take an extreme adj. 极端的；极度的；偏激的；尽头的n. 极端；末端；最大程度；极端的事物example, most adults of all ages, incomes, educational levels, and census vt. 实施统计调查n. 人口普查，人口调查categories n. 种类，分类；[数] 范畴–are overweight. The U.S. food supply provides 3800 kilocalories per person per day, nearly twice as much as required vt. 需要；要求；命令by many adults. Overabundant adj. 太充足的；过多的food forces companies to compete for sales through advertising, health claims, new products, large portions. And campaigns vi. 作战；参加竞选；参加活动n. 运动；活动；战役directed toward children. Food marketing promotes weight gain. Indeed adv. 的确；实在；真正地；甚至, it is difficult to think of any major industry that might benefit if people eat less food; certainly not the agriculture, food product, grocery n. 食品杂货店, restaurant, diet or drug industries. All flourish n. 兴旺；茂盛；挥舞；炫耀；华饰vt. 夸耀；挥舞vi. 繁荣，兴旺；茂盛；活跃；处于旺盛时期when people eat more. And all employ armies of lobbyists n. 说客；活动议案通过者to discourage vt. 阻止；使气馁government from doing anything to inhibit vt.抑制；禁止=bar ；restrain ；control ； stay overeating.66. The great irony of 21st century global public health refers to _____________.A. the cause of obesity and its counteractive adj. 反作用的；抵抗的；反对的n. 反作用；抵抗，对抗；反对measuresB. the insufficient and superfluous adj. 多余的；不必要的；奢侈的consumption of foodC. the scarce natural resource and the green of food sourceD. the consumption n. 消费；消耗；肺痨of food and the increased risk for diet-related diseases67. To address the fundamental cause of the obesity epidemic, according to the passage, is _______.A. to improve political and economic managementB. to cope with 处理，应付the energy imbalance issueC. to combat vt. 反对；与…战斗n. 战斗；争论adj. 战斗的；为…斗争的diet-related chronic diseasesD. to increase investment in global health68. As we can learn from the passage, the second irony refers to 参考；涉及；指的是；适用于_____________.A. affluence n. 富裕；丰富；流入；汇聚and obesityB. food energy and nutritional valueC. food business and economic prosperity经济繁荣；发展生产（prosperity n. 繁荣，成功）D. diseases of civilization n. 文明；文化and pathology n. 病理（学）; 异常状态of inactivity69. As a result of the third irony, people _____________________.A. consume 3800 kilocalories on a daily basisB. complain about food overproductionC. have to raise their food expensesD. are driven towards 朝...方向驱使（Drive Towards The Light驶向光明drive towards south照南开Drive Towards Zero零排放）weight gain70. Which of the following can be excluded vt. 排除；排斥；拒绝接纳；逐出as we can understand based on the passage?A. The economic dimension. 经济局面（层面）B. The political dimension 政治方面（层面）C. The humane adj. 仁慈的，人道的；高尚的dimension. 人文方面（层面）D. The dietary n. 饮食的规定；食谱adj. 饮食的，饭食的，规定食物的dimension饮食层面注：dimension n. 方面;[数] 维；尺寸；次元；容积vt. 标出尺寸adj. 规格的3-dimension三维Passage Three1.Women find a masculine adj. 男性的；阳性的；男子气概的n. 男性；阳性，阳性词（muscle n. 肌肉；力量vt. 加强；使劲搬动；使劲挤出）face with a large jaw n. 颌；下巴；狭窄入口；唠叨vt.教训；对…唠叨and a prominent adj. 突出的，显著的；杰出的；卓越的brow n. 眉，眉毛；额；表情more attractive when they are more likely to conceive vt. 怀孕；构思；以为；持有，according to a study published in the June 24 Nature. Before, during, and just after menstruation n. [生理] 月经；月经期间；有月经，however, they seem to be drawn to 被…所吸引less angular adj. [生物] 有角的；生硬的，笨拙的；瘦削的, more “feminine” adj. 女性的；妇女（似）的；阴性的；娇柔的male faces, the researchers report.2.“Other studies of female preference n. 偏爱，倾向；优先权, mainly for odors n. 气味；名声,show changes across the menstrual cycle生理] 月经周期,” says leading author Ian Penton-V oak of the University of St. Andrews on Scotland. “we thought it would be interesting to look at visual adj. 视觉的，视力的；栩栩如生的preferences and see if they changed also.3.The research showed 39 Japanese women composite n. 复合材料；合成物；菊科adj. 复合的；合成的；菊科的vt. 使合成；使混合male faces that emphasized masculine or feminine facial features 面部特征；面容to differing degrees. The women preferred vt. 更喜欢；宁愿；提出；提升images with more masculine features 男性特性when they were in the fertile adj. 富饶的，肥沃的；能生育的phase n. 相；阶段；[天] 位相vt. 使定相；逐步执行of their menses n. [生理] 月经；[生理] 行经but favored more feminine features during their less fertile phase.4.The type of face women find attractive also seems to depend on the kind of relationship they wish to pursue vt. 继续；从事；追赶；纠缠, according to another experiment.The cyclic preference for 偏爱…muscular faces was evident adj. 明显的；明白的=obvious / distinct / visible among 23 British women asked to choose the most attractive face for a short-term adj. 短期的relationship, Penton-Voak says. The 26 women asked to choose an attractive face for a long-term relationship 长期关系, however, preferred the more feminine features throughout their menstrual cycle.5.Another 22 women who were using oral contraceptives [药] 口服避孕药did not show monthly changes in the faces they preferred even for 即使对于short-term relationships, indicating that 表明,正在翻译,结果表明(indicat e vt. 表明；指出；预示；象征)hormones n. [生理] 激素，荷尔蒙might play a role in 在……起作用determining vt. 决定，确定；判定，判决；限定attractiveness n. 吸引力；迷惑力, Penton-V oak says.6.Men whose faces have some feminine softness n. 温柔；柔和are perceived as “kinder’ men who may make better husbands and partners, he adds, white macho adj. 大男子气概的n. 强壮男子；大丈夫features may be associated with 和…联系在一起；与……有关，与……有关系higher testosterone(睾丸素) levels and good genes. He cautions n. 小心，谨慎；警告，警示vt. 警告, however, that research hasn’t yet shown a link between a woman’s preferences in such tests and her actual behavior实际行为.71. The researchers made a study on _____________________.A. women’s menstrual cycleB. men’s preferred female imagesC. women’s visual preferences of menD. men’s masculine and feminine features72. Women are drawn to a masculine face, according to the researchers, when they ___________.A. grow to be feminineB. are on oral contraceptives[药] 口服避孕药C. are ready for conception n. 怀孕；概念；设想；开始D. are on menstruation n. [生理] 月经；月经期间；有月经73. It was found in Britain that women’s preferred male images were influenced by 受…的影响___________.A. their family planningB. the years of marriage they hadC. the length of their menstrual cycle [生理] 月经周期D. the term or relationship they seek74. Just because the studies of female preferences show changes across the menstrual cycle, as Penton-Voak implies, does not mean that __________________.A. visual preferences do exist vi. 存在；生存；生活；继续存在B. a woman acts this way is reality n. 现实；实际；真实C. a man will buy into the phenomenon n. 现象；奇迹；杰出的人才D. men and women prefer vt. 更喜欢；宁愿；提出；提升the same image75. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Does a woman judge from a man’s appearance?B. Is there such a thing as beauty in the world?C. Are women more emotional than men?D. Is beauty more than meets the eye?Passage Four1.Well-do they or don’t they? For years, controversy n. 争论；论战；辩论has raged n. 愤怒；狂暴，肆虐；情绪激动vi.大怒，发怒；流行，风行over whether the electromagnetic fields电磁场produced by power lines 电力线;输电线could cause cancer, especially leukemia 白血病in young children. But in Britain last week ,confusion n. 混淆，混乱；困惑reached new heights达到新的高度.2.One team from Bristol announced that it has evidence to back n. 后面vt. 支持；后退；背书；下赌注a controversial adj. 有争议的；有争论的but plausible adj. 貌似可信的，花言巧语的；貌似真实的，貌似有理的theory n. 理论；原理；学说；推测which would explain how power lines might cause cancer (Electric fields attract airborne pollutants). Only to be followed by the release of results by another group in London which suggested there is nothing to worry about what is going on?.3.Actually, the confusion may be more apparent adj. 显然的；表面上的than real. There can be no doubt that the effects of power lines on water droplets水滴；微水滴，小水滴, pollutants and naturally occurring radon uncovered vt. 发现；揭开；揭露by the Bristol team are real and interesting. But to suggest that they have anything to do with leukemia in children is premature adj. 早产的；不成熟的；比预期早的n. 早产儿；过早发生的事物. The extra exposure n. 暴露；曝光；揭露；陈列to pollution for a child living near power lines would be tiny adj. 微小的；很少的, and it is not obvious adj. 明显的；显著的；平淡无奇的why radon- a gas normally associated with 与…有关系；与…相联系lung cancer-would cause leukemia in children.4.The second study, which drew reassuring vt. 使…安心，使消除疑虑blank, is the world’s biggest ever probe n. 探针；调查vt. 探查；用探针探测of the statistical adj. 统计的；统计学的link between childhood cancers and magnetic fields of the sort produced by power lines and the electrical appliances日用电器. It is one of several recent studies 近代研究that have failed to find a link.Unlike adj. 不同的，不相似的earlier research, these newer studies involved vt. 包含；牵涉；使陷于；潜心于going into homes to measure the electromagnetic fields. The fields they measured included vt. 包含，包括(exclude vt. 排除；排斥；拒绝接纳；逐出.preclude vt. 排除；妨碍；阻止) input from major power lines if they were nearby.5.Which is not to say the research is perfect. Critics n. 评论家；批评者；吹毛求疵的人（critic的复数）argue that Britain’s childhood cancer study, for example, has not yet taken into account考虑；重视；体谅(take sth into account 对某事加以考虑; 考虑; 把; 考虑某事)the surges n. 汹涌；大浪，波涛；汹涌澎湃；巨涌v. 汹涌；起大浪，蜂拥而来in exposure that might come from, say, switching appliances on and off. And some people might wonder n. 惊奇；奇迹；惊愕vt. 怀疑；惊奇；对…感到惊讶adj. 奇妙的；非凡的why measurements of the electric fields that are also produced by power lines did not figure n. 数字；人物；图形；价格；（人的）体形；画像vt. 计算；认为；描绘；象征in last week’s study. But neither criticism n. 批评；考证；苛求amounts to 相当于，总计为a fatal blow.致命的打击.Electrical fields cannot penetrate vt. 渗透；穿透；洞察the body significantly adv. 意味深长地；值得注目地, for example.6.A more serious concern vt. 涉及，关系到；使担心n. 关系；关心；关心的事whether the British research provides an all-clear adj. 放行；空袭警报信号解除的；无危险信号的signal for such countries such as the US where power lines carry more current and therefore adv. 因此；所以produce higher magnetic fields. Pedants (书呆子) would conclude vt. 推断；决定，作结论；结束that it doesn’t. But these counties will not have long to wait for answers from a major Japanese study.7.In Britain the latest epidemiological study 流行病学研究can be taken as the final word on the matter. If the electromagnetic fields in Britain homes can in some unforeseen adj. 未预见到的，无法预料的way increase the risk of cancer, we can now be as certain as science allows that the increase is too tiny to measure.76. Both the question “Well-d o they or don’t they?” and the question “what is going on?” suggest _______________.A. the high incidence of LeukemiaB. the advent n. 到来；出现；基督降临；基督降临节of bewilderment n. 困惑；迷乱；慌张。
