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小结：with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语（Ving/done/to do / adj/adv/介词短语），表 示伴随、时间、原因、条件等。
独立主格结构
Spring coming on, the trees turned green. Her mother being ill, she had to look after her at home. Time permitting, we’ll visit the Great Wall. He guiding the blind man, they walked slowly across the street.
小结：-ing分词短语作时间状语，相当 于由 when, while,after引导的时间状 语从句。
二、原因状语
B__e__in__g__t_ir__e_d_, he couldn’t walk any further. =As h__e__w__a_s___t_i__r_e_d_,he couldn’t walk any further.
Grammar
V-ing形式作状语
Learning goals: 1.To revise the -ing form as Adverbial. 2.To do some exercises of non-finitive verbs. Preparations 语法学案 一线精练
Step 1. Check the answers. (2 minutes)
Step 4. Presentation.
一、时间状语
T__u__r_n_i_n__g__a_r_o_u__n_d__, she saw a car driving up. = When she t_u_r_n__e_d__a__r_o_u__n_d,she saw a car driving up.
4. Not knowing; Not having studied
step2: 自主学习；合作探究
V-ing作状语的用法
V-ing短语在句子中作状语，可以表示时 间，原因，结果，条件，方式或伴随动
作等。(8 minutes)
【Discussion& Presentation】
内容
Unit5 Grammar 学案
小结：-ing 分词作条件状语，相当于由 if, once,等引导的条件状语从句。
六、让步状语
Knowing all this, they made pay for the damage. =Although they knew all this, they made pay for the damage.
五、条件状语
B__e_i_n_g__m___o_r_e__c_a__r_e_f_ul, you can make fewer mistakes. =If y_o__u__a__r_e___m_o__r_e___c_a_r__e_f_u__l,you can make fewer mistakes.
小结：-ing分词短语作结果状语， 表示一种必然的结果。
四、伴随状语
I stood by the door, n__o_t__d_a__r_i_n_g to say a word.
=I stood by the door, and did not dare to say a word.
小结：-ing 分词作伴随状语，表示分词的 动作和主句的动作同时发生，它是主语的 另一个较次要的动作。
点拨提升：
5. 固定结构： Judging from his appearance, he must be very rich. Generally speaking, his answer is right. Considering everything, they did a good job. to tell you the truth 说实话 taking sth. into consideration =considering/seeing sth. 考虑到 given/providing/provided/assuming… 如果
讨论要求 1.组内合作讨论，动口动脑动笔。 2.讨论每空的正确答案。 3.注意时间把握，规定时间内完成任务。
展示要求 1.按顺序板书讨论结果。 2.2分钟内完成展示。
展示评价 1. 展示组：句子正确，无错误2分+书写1分 2. 点评组：点评精炼2分 + 补充提升1分 3. 补充、更正、质疑 各1分
Step3. Discuss with your partners about the confusing questions. (2 minutes)
点拨提升：
4. v-ing形式作状语时，它的逻辑主语必须与 主句的主语是一致的。
Rushing into the dining-room, supper was waiting for me. Rushing into the dining-room, I found supper was waiting for me. While visiting a strange city, a guide-book is very helpful. While visiting a strange city, you may find a guide-book very helpful.
点拨提升：
3. 当v-ing形式被动式的动作发生在谓语动词动 作之前时，被动式应使用完成式：having been done Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library. Having been translated into many languages, the book was widely read all over the world.
小结：-ing分词短语作原因状语，相 当于由as,since,because等引导的原 因状语从句。
三、结果状语
The fire lasted nearly a month, l_e_a_v__in__g___ nothing va百度文库uable. =The fire lasted nearly a month, a__n_d_ _le__f_t__ nothing valuable.
点拨提升：
1. 当v-ing形式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词动 作之前时，应使用完成式：having done Having finished his homework, he rushed out to play basketball. 2. 当v-ing形式与句子的主语之间存在着逻辑上 的动宾关系时，应使用被动式：being done Being helped by the teacher, she will learn English well.
小结：-ing 分词作让步状语，相当于由 though,although等引导的让步状语从句。
七、with复合结构
His hair became grey with the years _p_a__s_s_i_n_g_. Without anyone n_o__t_ic__in__g, he slipped through the window.
语态 主动语态
被动语态
时态
一般式 (not) doing
完成式 (not) having done
(not) being done
(not) having been done
2. Seeing; Having answered; 同时；之前
3. Being asked; Having been asked；被动
