专业英语(交通信息工程及控制)完整版
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Unit 14Scheme layout 规划方案traffic schemes交通计划AONB(areas of outstanding natural beauty)著名的自然风景区SSSI(special scientific interest)特殊的科研用地listed buildings 受保护的建筑archaeological sites 考古遗址adherence to 忠诚,坚持turning characteristics 转向性能be recovered from 通过。
的补偿HGV重型货车kerb lines路缘石,路缘线swept paths 加宽车道DoT交通运输部rigid or articulated 刚性的或铰接的车front and rear overhang 前悬和后悬swept area 扫略面积on the major route 主路on the side road 支路channelised layout 渠化方案pelican crossings on the far side 在远处rural 乡下的generous 慷慨的,大方的,有雅量的constraint 约束,强制,局促conservatian 保存,保持,守恒collision 碰撞,冲突condition 条件,情形reroute 变更旅程characteristic 特有的,特征,特性predominate 掌握统治主要的突出口有力的private car 私人汽车manoeuvre 策略调动demountable 可卸下的street furniture 街道家具drawbar 列车间的挂钩wheelbase 轴距车轮接地面积crossroad 十字路十字路口歧途Traffic Planning Steps交通规划步骤(Data collection数据收集Forecasts预测Goal specification明确目标Preparation of alternative plans可选择计划的准备Testing检验Evaluation 评价Implementation实施)Levels(Policy planning政策规划Systems planning系统规划Preliminary engineering初步设施建造Engineering design 建造设计Planning for operations of existing systems or services现存系统运营的设计)Cost estimation 成本估算traffic flow simulation交通流模拟an action plan实施性规划quantitative data数据资料in the light of 按照,根据,当作stratification 层化成层阶层的形成assign 分配指派赋值quantitative 数量的量的transportation improvement 交通运输改善feedback 回授反馈反应deliberate 深思熟虑的故意的null 无效力的,无效的benchmark 基准legislature 立法机关takeover 接收接管transit system 运输系统Conrail 联合铁路公司corridor study 路廊环境研究,高速通道研究deregulation 违反规定Unit 16Four-step planning procedure四阶段规划法:trip generation 出行生成,trip distribution, 出行分布modal split,方式划分traffic assignment交通分配urban transportation planning 城市运输规划transportation facility 运输设施gap 间隙差距Trip rate出行率the target planning years目标规划年trip end 出行端点traffic zone交通小区car trips and public transport trips小汽车和公共交通出行gravity model重力模型centroids traffic zones交通小区形心all-or-nothing assignment 全有全无分配法capacity restrained assignment容量限制分配法multipath proportional assignment多路径概率分配法a measure ofLink impedance路径阻抗interlocking 联锁的favorable 赞成的Unit 17longitudinal spacing纵向间距level terrain 平原地形Rolling terrain丘陵区Mountainous terrain山岭区Crawl speed is the maximum sustained speed that heavy vehicles can maintain on an extended upgrade of a given percent 爬坡速度是重型车辆在一定比例的延长的爬坡段上的最大行驶速度signalization conditions信号控制条件signal phasing信号相位timing配时type of control 控制类型an evaluation of signal progression for each lane group每车道组的信号联动评价的全部规定saturation flow饱和流量saturation flow rate 饱和流率topography 地形学curb 路边account for 说明解决得分estimation 估计,预算,评价Unit 18fatalities.恶性事故motorcycle occupant摩托车成员vehicle-miles traveled车公里poorly timed signals配时不当House of Representatives' Subcommittee众议院Federal aid Highways hearings联邦政府助建公路Unit 19Biographical descriptors个人经历Chronic medical conditions长期医学状况Hearing听力Loss of limb 肢体残疾Vision视力face validity表面效度raw 擦伤处inadvertent 不注意的疏忽的illumination 照明阐明启发Unit 20One-way street单向交通industrial parks工业园区transition areas转向区域circuitous route迂回区域the one-way pair成对的单向街道central business districts 中心商业区residential lot 居民区Unit 21Junction types交叉口类型uncontrolled nonpriority junctions; 不受控制的非优先次序交叉口priority junctions; 优先次序交叉口roundabouts;环形交叉口traffic signals; 交通标志grade separations立体交叉)Traffic sign 交通标志Warning sign 警告标志Regulatory sign 禁止标志Directional informatory sign 方向指示标志other informatory sign 其他指示标志Carriageway narrowing车道狭窄limit capacity限制容量congestion charging拥挤收费innovation solutions革新方案pedestrian crossing人行横道traffic capacity of road道路交通通行能力highway networks 公路网Traffic Management 交通管理innovation solutions 革新方案signal-controlled 信号控制的traffic capacity of road 道路通行能力pedestrian crossing 人行横道Unit 22Traffic Surveillance交通监管field observations 实地观察Electronic surveillance.电子监管Closed-circuit television.闭路电视Aerial surveillance .无线电监管Emergency motorist call systems .驾驶员紧急呼救系统Citizen-band radio .城市广播Police and service patrols巡逻警察服务aerial surveillance 空中监测空中监视predetermined value 预先确定的值,事先规定的值Unit 23Be subject to受制于Parking surveys停车调查(Parking supply survey停车位供应调查Parking usage survey停车场使用情况调查Concentration survey)停车饱和度调查Durationsurvey持续时间调查Parker interview survey停车访问调查)On-and-off-street路边和路外停车trip destination出行终点the trip-maker出行生成者a closed circuit闭循环Unit 24Date to源于,追溯trade-offs交换,平衡positive guidance 正确引导root-mean-square 均方根Saturn 土星Pascal 帕斯卡filter 滤波器man-machine systems 人机系统交通工程专业英语翻译Unit 21 (文拿董德忠戚建国)Traffic Management交通管理Objectives目标Traffic management arose from the need to maximize the capacity of existing highway networks within finite budget and, therefore, with a minimum of new construction. Methods, which were often seen as a quick fix, required innovation solutions and new technical developments. Many of the techniques devised affected traditional highway engineering and launched imaginative and cost effective junction designs Introduction of signal-controlled pedestriancrossings not only improved the safety of pedestrians on busy roads but improved the traffic capacity of roads by not allowing pedestrians to dominate the crossing point.交通管理起源于这样一种需要,那就是在预算有限的情况下,以最少的新建工程项目,最大限度的提高现有道路网的通行能力。
Unit1The Evolution of Transport交通工具的演化The evolution of transport has been closely linked to the development of humankind throughout the earth’s history.Transport’s early functi on was to meet the basic need of hauling food supplies and building materials.But with the formation of tribes,then peoples,and finally nations,the societal and economic functions of transport became more and more complex. At first there was mobility required for individuals,clans,households,and animals to protect them against,and to escape from,the dangers of natural disasters and tribal aggressions,and in the search for the best places to settle.As tribal groups formed and gradually established their geographical identity,transport was increasingly needed to open up regions for development,to provide access to natural resources,to promote intercommunal trade,and to mobilize territorial defense.When the first nations came into being,transport played a major role in establishing national integrity.交通工具的演变紧密相连的人类在整个地球的历史发展。
(完整版)交通工程专业词汇表actuated signal感应信号 approach delay慢行延误average annual daily traffic, AADT 年平均日交通量average annual weekday traffic, AAWT 年平均工作日交通量control delay控制延误 critical density临界密度 critical speed 临界速度 curb路缘带 curb parking路边停车 daily volume日交通量delay延误design Hourly Volume , DHV 设计小时交通量directional design hour volume, DDHV 有方向性的设计小时交通量discharge headway 饱和车头时距driveway私人车道DWI (driving while intoxicated)醉酒驾驶fatality死亡率FFS: free-flow speed 自由流速度field of vision视野floating car浮动车forced flow强制流headway车头间距accessibility可达性Accident rate:事故率actuated signal感应信号angle parking角度停车approach入口approach delay固定延误average annual daily traffic,AADT 年平均日交通量average annual weekday traffic,AAWT 年平均工作日交通量Bottleneck瓶颈路段Capacity通行能力control delay控制延误critical density临界密度critical speed临界速度curb parking路边停车curb parking路边停车curb setback 转弯车道前的渐变区daily traffic日交通量decision sight distance决策视距delay延误Design Hourly Volume , DHV 设计小时交通量destination讫点directional design hour volume(DDHV)有方向性的设计小时交通量Discharge Headway 饱和车头时距diverging分流downgrade下坡driveway私人车道DUI (driving under the influence)饮酒驾驶fatality死亡人数Fatality rate:死亡率FFS: free-flow speed 自由流速度field of vision视野floating car流动车Forced flow强制流Freeway高速公路full control of access 全控制出入FVS: fraction of vehicles stopping 停驶车辆比例gap acceptance 可接受间隙Gap acceptance 可接受间隙grade坡度headway:车头时距High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Lane 高乘载车道Highway公路horizontal curve平曲线hourly volume 小时交通量interchange 互通式立体交叉Interrupted flow间断流Intersection口intersection curb 交叉口路缘带,即交叉口的右转车道jam density阻塞密度jam density阻塞密度Lane车道lane group车道组Level-of-Service: LOS服务水平local traffic境内交通marking标线median 隔离带merge area合流区merging合流mobility通畅性motor vehicle机动车motorcycle摩托车occupancy 占有率off-street garage 路外停车库off-street lot 路外停车场On-Ramp入口匝道on-street lot 路边停车场origin起点overhead clearance净空高度parallel parking平行停车parking accumulation 累积停车数parking duration停车时间parking lot停车场parking turnover rate,TR 停车周转率passing sight distance超车视距PDO:property damage only 只有财损peak hour高峰小时peak hour volume,PHV 高峰小时交通量peaker hour factor(PHF)高峰小时系数Pedestrian行人pedestrian crossing人行横道perception-reaction time[PRT]时间platoon of vehicle车队public transit 公共交通系统public Transportation 公共交通系统ramp匝道rate of flow,flow rate流率red phase红灯相位reversible lane可逆车道Road 路,道路常指城市或乡村之间可供车辆或行人通过的宽阔而又平坦的大路running time行驶时间sampling technique点样本法section 路段section路段shouler路肩sight distance视距Signal Timing信号配时Signalized Intersections 信号交叉口Signing标志space mean speed(SMS)区间平均速度spacing车头间距Stable flow稳定流stall车位stopped-time delay停车延误stopping sight distance停车视距Street 街,街道主要是指村落或都市中两边有房屋的街道或马路superelevation超高test car测试车through traffic过境交通time mean speed(TMS)速度toll plaza收费广场Traffic count 交通量调查Traffic engineering 交通工程学traffic stream交通流traffic volume,traffic, volume交通量Transportation engineering 交通运输工程学Travel time行程时间travel-time delay 行程时间延误Trip出行turning roadway转弯车道uninterrupted flow连续流Unsignalzed Intersections 无信号交叉口Unstable flow不稳定流upgrade上坡Vehicle Occupancy 车辆满载率vehicle-miles traveled, VMT 车辆里程数vertical curve竖曲线VMT:vehicle-miles traveled 车辆里程数weaving交织YIELD sign让行标志。
交通信息工程及控制(082302)“交通信息工程与控制”学科是属于“交通运输工程”一级学科的二级学科硕士学位授权点。
该学科设置在信息工程学院,于2012年正式招生,第一年计划招生7人,最终扩招录取9人,全部是学术型研究生。
交通信息工程与控制是一门新兴的交叉学科,它源于交通运输工程,又和信息技术密不可分,主要相关学科领域有:通信与信息系统,信号与信息处理,控制理论与控制工程,检测技术与自动化装置,计算机应用技术等。
近年来车流量快速激增,交通堵塞拥挤问题已日显突出,对智能交通控制、调度,以及陆路交通运输的网络化、智能化监控提出了前所未有的挑战,对高速公路基于RFID技术的不停车快速收费系统ETC、物联网的需求也提到议事议程。
特别是铁路事业的高速、快速发展,急需智能交通工程和交通信息工程及控制专业的高层次人才。
限于条件,目前我区高校在“交通信息工程及控制”专业的研究生教育尚属空白。
内蒙古工业大学是全区建校最早的工科性大学,承载着培养IT高新技术人才的历史重任。
面对我区也日益突出的交通拥堵、铁路公路建设发展问题,及时开展“交通信息工程及控制”专业研究生教育,符合我区地方经济的发展需求。
一、研究方向“交通信息工程与控制”学科研究领域主要以交通运输自动化控制为核心,在确保载运工具(以陆路交通为主)安全运行的前提下,实现高速、重载、高密度的运行,是控制、通信、计算机、微电子、信息等技术的交叉集成。
结合内蒙古自治区区位、资源及产业优势,本二级学科下凝练出交通控制导航与智能系统、交通信息处理技术与应用两个特色鲜明的学科方向。
1)交通控制导航与智能系统该方向主要研究车辆控制、导航与定位,智能交通技术。
2)交通信息处理技术及应用该方向主要研究交通电子信息的采集、分析与处理,研究基于计算机、单片机、DSP的智能控制系统的控制方法及系统的软硬件设计。
二、硬件条件信息学院拥有相当规模的相关及相近学科领域基础实验室和比较先进的专业实验室。