高二英语下学期unit-16

高二年级英语下册Unit 16单词表（人教版）高二年级英语下册Unit 16单词表（人教版）UNIT 16Manhattan n.曼哈顿岛；曼哈顿区（纽约市中心）Atlanta n.亚特兰大（美国城市）Mississippi n.密西西比河Ellis Island 艾里斯岛entry n.进入许可；进入；词条mental adj.脑力的；智力的；精神上的physical adj.身体的；物理的；物质的depression n.萧条（期）；降低；沮丧suffering n.痛苦；折磨greedy adj.贪婪的；渴望的；贪吃的greed n.贪心；贪婪；贪食trader n.商人；商船unemployment n.失业（状态）；失业众人数unrest n.动乱；骚动；不安post-war adj.战后的 adv.在战后sacrifice n.牺牲 vt.牺牲；奉献；把……做祭品Georgia n.佐治亚州（美国州名）reconstruction n.重建；重建物mayor n.市长former adj.以前的；（两者中的）前者economical adj.经济的；节约的segregation n.隔离；分离injustice n.不公平；非正义funeral n.葬礼vain adj.徒劳的；徒然的in vain 徒劳；白辛苦eventually adv.最后；终于dawn n.开端；黎明take a chance 冒险；碰运气financial adj.财务的；金融的；财政的overcome vt.(overcame,overcome)战胜；克服leave alone 不打扰；不理会insist vi.坚持insist on 坚持（做）Guinness n.吉尼斯世界记录Hugh Beaver 休�B比弗（男子名）as a result 结果put out 出版；生产；扑灭；关掉on sale 出售；减价bison n.（单复同）北美野牛plain n.平原 adj.清楚的；明白的；平易的onwards adv.向前resist vi.& vt.抵抗；对抗chief n.首领；上司 adj.主要的；最高级别的aferwards adv.后来；随后widespread adj.普遍的；分布广的rot vi.腐烂；堕落wildlife n.野生动物prairie n.大草原；草地in turn 转而；反过来；轮流supply vt.供给；供应 n.供给（量）；（常用复数）供应品；生活用品chain n.链条；连锁；一连串willing adj.心甘情愿的；愿意的Mongolian n.蒙古（族）人；蒙古语Jew n.犹太人优品课件，意犹未尽，知识共享，共创未来！！！。

Unit 16 The United States of America Ⅰ.Brief Statements Based on the UnitThe United States of America is a developed country and also a booming country,which has a history of only 200~300 years.After the USA was founded,the American Civil War broke out in 1861,which brought suffering to the people of the USA,especially those in the South.Rebuilding the South became an essential task at that time.This unit mainly talks about the rebuilding and development of the American South.And Atlanta is a good illustration.It also deals with the bison on the plains of America.Because the bison was killed in huge numbers by European settlers,the balance of the whole wildlife was destroyed.After learning the unit,we let the students learn about the early history of America.Besides,some useful expressions and phrases should be mastered,and Non-finite verbs need to be reviewed,especially their passive forms.Ⅱ.Teaching Goals1.Talk about the USA.2.Practise describing places.3.Review Non-finite Verbs(2).4.Write a comparison essay.Ⅲ.Background Information1.The American Civil WarThe war of 1861~1865 between the northern states (the Union) and the southern states (the Confederacy) is also called the War between the States or the War of the Rebellion.There were many causes,of which the most important were disagreement over slavery,and the quarrel concerning Federal control and States’Rights.The direct cause of the war was the election of Lincoln as President;this was followed by the secession of the southern states from the Union and the founding of the Confederacy,with Jefferson Davis as its President.The North had many advantages,a far greater population,more railway lines,and more factories.But the Confederates fought hard and were at first successful:they won the battles of Bull Run and Fredericksburg;but then Lee was defeated at Gettysburg and the Union army led by Grant won control of Mississippi.Admiral Farragant forced New Orleans to surrender:Texas,Arkansas and Louisiana were cut off from the rest of the Confederacy.After the Union won the Vicksburg campaign,Sherman made his march through Georgia to the sea,and Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomatton Court House,Virginia,on April 9,1865.Lincoln was assassinated in the same month.Slavery was declared unconstitutional.The period after the war (Reconstruction),when the South was occupied by the Worth,left bitterness that has not yet entirely vanished.During Reconstruction the southern states were admitted back into the Union.2.The War of American Independence(Also called the Revolutionary War 1775~1783)The struggle of the thirteen British colonies in North America for independence ended in the forming of the USA.The main causes of the war were taxes imposed by the British government,e.g.the Stamp Tax of 1765 and the Tea Tax.The colonies rebelled in 1775;the first shots were fired at Lexington,and the First battle was faught at Bunker Hill.The continental Congress appointed General Washington as leader of its forces,and issued the Declaration ofIndependence on July 4,1776.General Burgoyne led a British army down from Canada but was forced to surrender at Saratoga (Oct.1777).He was supposed to meet the army of General Howe,who managed to occupy Philadelphia.Washington spent the hard winter of 1777~1778 at Valley Forge,and had difficulty in keeping his men together,France (1778),Spain (1779)and the Netherlands (1780)joined the war against Britain.British forces under Cornwallis won victories in the South where Britain had some popular support,but Cornwallis was defeated at Yorktown,Virginia,and forced to surrender (Oct.19/1781),which practically brought the war to an end.At sea,Britain had to fight to keep her naval supremacy,but after Yorktown the American ports were lost one by one.The war was ended by the Treaty of Paris,1783,which recognized the independence of the USA.3.Slavery in the United StatesThe African ancestors (祖先) of today’s black Americans were brought to the US as slaves in the seventeenth,eighteenth,and nineteenth centuries.They worked on farms,especially the large farms in the southern states.Slowly they became a necessary part of the economic (经济) system (体制) of the South.Slaves did not have the right of people;according to the law,they were a “thing”which belonged to the person who bought them.They had to obey the orders of their owners without questions.They were not allowed to learn to read;their owners feared the educated slaves would begin to think about the injustice of the system and would learn to struggle for their freedom.Slaves had to work long hours in very unhealthy conditions.Their owners had complete power over them.They could be bought and sold like animals.At the slave markets,black children were separated from their parents and never allowed to see them again.Slave owners had the right to punish the slaves who broke the law or was against the system.Slaves were often beaten or even killed by their owners.After the Civil War,one free slave reported that his owner killed an older slave who was teaching him to read.In theory an owner who treated a slave badly could be punished.In practice,however,the law meant nothing.Opposition to slavery began very early in the history of the US—in 1671—but little progress was made until the beginning of the nineteenth century.By 1804 slavery was illegal (非法的) in the northern states.But it continued,and even grew,in the southern states,which depended on cotton for their economic wealth.Slavery,ended in the South only after the Civil War.For blacks,however,the end of slavery was only a beginning,the late beginning of a long and difficult struggle for true justice.Ⅳ.Teaching Time:Five periodsThe First PeriodTeaching Aims:1.Learn about the USA.2.Do some listening.3.Practise describing places to train the students’ speaking ability.Teaching Important Points:1.Train the students’ listening ability.2.Improve the students’ speaking ability by practising describing places using the following useful sentence patterns:How long/wide/high/tall is the…?It’s…metres/feet long/wide/high/tall.There is…in the North.It looks like…Teaching Difficult Points:1.How to improve the students’ listening ability.2.How to help the students carry out the task of speaking.Teaching Methods:1.Listening-and-answering activity to help the students go through with the listening material.2.Discussion to help the students learn about the US.3.Individual,pair or group work to make every student have a chance to work in class.Teaching Aids:1.the multimedia2.the blackboardTeaching Procedures:Step ⅠGreetingsGreet the whole class as usual.Step ⅡLead-inT：Now,let’s begin our class.First,I’ll give you some information about the history of a country.Please guess which country it is.Listen carefully.It is a very young country in the world,which has only a history of 200~300 years.Most people in the country are immigrates The head office of the UN was set up there.Two World Wars didn’t take place there.Now it is the strongest country of the world.Can you guess it?Ss:Yes.The USA.Step ⅢWarming-upT:You’re right.Today we’re going to learn Unit 16 The United States of America (Bb:Unit 16 The United States of America).Now,let’s have a quiz to see how much you know about theT:Well,please do it by yourselves.After a while,I’ll check your answers.Is that clear?Ss:Yes.(After a few minutes,teacher checks the students’ answers.)T:The first one,true or false?S1:False.T:Please correct it.S1:New York is the largest city in the US.T:Good.The second one?S2:True.T:What about the third one?S3:False.New York is known as the “Big Apple”.…Suggested answers:4.F The Constitution was written in 1787.5.F There are 50 stars on the American flag.6.T7.T8.F The Mississippi is one of the important rivers in the world.T:A good job!Now,open your books and turn to Page 41.Please look at the map of the USA and find out the following cities and states:New York,Washington,Florida,Taxas, California,Alaska.(A few minutes later,teacher says the following.)T:Please look at the first picture.What place is it?Any volunteer?S4:It is the famous White House,where the president of the US works and lives with his family.T:Do you know how it got its name?S4:No.T:Who knows?S5:At first,it was made of gray stone and called the President’s Palace.During the war of 1812,it was burned by British soldiers.Afterwards,it was rebuilt.The walls were painted white to cover up marks left by the fire.Then people began calling the President’s Palace the White House.The name caught on and has remained in use ever since.T:Wonderful!Next,let’s look at the second picture.It is a famous city,which is it?S6:New York.T:Right.Can you guess when the picture was taken?S6:I think it was taken before the date September 11,2001.T:How do you know?S6:Because in the picture,we can see many skyscrapers.Among them,the World Trade Centre and the Empire State Building are most famous,but now the World Trade Centre has already gone.It was exploded by terrorists.T:Oh,What a pity!Do you know anything else about New York?Ss:No.T:New York is America’s cultural capital,where there is the statue of Liberty,the skyscrapers,了the beautiful shops on Fifth Avenue,and the many theatres on Broadway.Manhattan,the smallest island in New York,is the real centre of the city.When people say “New York City”they usually mean Manhattan.In 1605,the first Europeans came to Manhattan from Holland.They bought the island from the American Indians for a few glass necklaces,worth about $26.The most crowded part of New York is perhaps Harlem,where most Black Americans live.The crime rate is among the highest in the Western world.I hope one day some of you will have a chance to visitit.Do you have enough confidence?Ss:Yes.T:OK.Now,work in pairs or groups.Make a list of things you know about the USA and what you’d like to know more about.(Teacher may encourage the students to make a chart.Several minutes later,teacher collects their charts.)Sample diagram:Step ⅣListeningT:OK.We have talked more about the USA.Now let’s listen to a radio programme about New York to help Wang Xiao correct the errors in her notes.Turn to the next page.Let’s look at Ex.1 in the listening part.Here are the notes taken by Wang Xiao after he listens to a radio programme about New York.First read it by yourself.Then I’ll play the tape for you to listen.After that,please correct his errors.(Teacher plays the tape for the first time.After playing it,teacher gives the students one or two minutes to do Ex.1.At last,teacher checks the answers with the whole class.)T:OK.Now let’s listen to the tape again and then answer some concerned questions.Before listening,you need to go through with the questions.(Teacher gives the students one minute to read the questions.Then play the tape for the second time.After that,give the students enough time to discuss the answers and check them.)T:Well done.Please listen to Part 2 of the listening material and then choose the best answers to the question in Ex.3.(Teacher deals with Ex.3 in the same way.If necessary,play the tape again.)Step ⅤSpeakingT:Everyone loves his own hometown,which is beautiful in their hearts.Now,let’s talk about our hometown.Tell me where your hometown is,Wang Kai.S7:My hometown lies on the plain of North China.T:Are there any mountains,rivers or forests?S7:Yes.There is the famous Mount Taihang to the west,Fenhe River in the centre and a railway from Datong to Fenglingdu across my hometown.T:What does the landscape look like?S7:Very beautiful.There are thick forests,clean rivers and pleasant climate.Resources of minerals are also rich,which is called “the Sea of Coal”.Many places of interest,like the ancient city Pingyao,Yungang Rock Cave and Mount Wutai are famous in the world.T:Well done!Now,look at the last part—Speaking at Page 42.Let’s do some speaking.Choose one of the cards and ask each other questions.You can use a map to help you.Before speaking,please look at the sentence patterns on the screen.They may be of great help to you.Can you make a sentence using each sentence pattern on the screen?Ss:Yes.T:Who can try the first sentence pattern?S8:How tall is the building?T:Yes.Answer the question,please.S8:It’s about 100 feet tall.T:Very good.Make a sentence with the next sentence pattern.Any volunteer?S9:There is a famous mountain in the north.T:OK.Sit down,please.The last one?S10:It looks like a bird’s nest.T:Good job!Now,work in pairs to talk about your hometown.Ater a while,I’ll ask some students to act out their dialogues before the class.Are you clear about that?Ss:Yes.T:Begin,please.(Teacher goes among the students and joins them.)T:(After a few minutes)Are you ready?Ss:Yes.T:Who’d like to act out your dialogue in front of the class?(Two students stand up and act out their dialogue before the class.)Sample dialogue:A:Could you tell me where your hometown is?B:My hometown is on the plain of North China,which has a population of 5 000.A:Is it beautiful?B:Yes.It lies to the east of Mount Taihang and west of Haihe River.The railway from Beijing to Guangzhou crosses it.There is fertile land,rich resources,simple people and developed trade.It is a brilliant pearl on the plain.A:Very beautiful!Would you like to take me to visit your hometown if possible?B:Of course.I’m glad to act as your guide.What about your hometown?A:On the Loess Plateau lies my hometown.B:The Loess Plateau?It must be very inaccessible and backward.A:No.My hometown is not far from the Yellow River,which is more than 5 000 metres long.The traffic is convenient,four seasons clear,climate cool and resources of minerals rich,like coal,iron…I believe my hometown will become more beautiful in the near future.Step ⅥSummary and HomeworkT:In this class,we’ve mainly learnt something about the USA by speaking and listening.Besides,we’ve talked about our hometown using the useful sentence patterns,such as:How long/wide/high/tall is the…?It’s…metres/feet long/wide/high/tall.…(Teacher writes them on the blackboard.)After class,surf the Internet to get more information about the USA,such as the history of the USA.At last,don’t forget to preview the reading passage.That’s all for today.Class is over.Step ⅧRecord after TeachingReference for TeachingⅠ.异域风情Weddings in the U.S.Weddings in the United States vary as much as the people do.There are church weddings with a great deal of fanfare1;there are weddings on mountain-tops with guests barefooted2;and there have been weddings on the ocean floor with oxygen tanks for the guests.But many weddings,no matter where or how they are performed,include certain traditional customs.Before a couple is married,they become engaged.And then invitations are sent to those who live nearby,their close friends and their relatives who live far away.When everything is ready,then comes the most exciting moment.The wedding itself usually lasts between 20 and 40 minutes.The wedding party enters the church while the wedding march is played.The bride carrying a bouquet enters last with her father who will “give her away”.The groom enters the church from a side door.When the wedding party is gathered by the altar3,the bride and groom exchange vows.It is traditional to use the words “To have and to hold from this day forward,for better,for worse,for richer,for poorer,in sickness and in health,to love and to cherish,till death do us part”.Following the vows,the couple exchange rings.Wearing the wedding ring on the fourth finger of the left hand is an old custom.After the ceremony4 there is often a party,called a “reception”which gives the wedding guests a chance to congratulate the newlyweds.The car in which the couple leaves the church is decorated5with balloons,streamers and shaving cream.The words “Just Married”are painted on the trunk or back window.The bride and groom run to the car under a shower of rice thrown by the wedding guests.When the couple drives away from the church,friends often chase them in cars,honking6and drawing attention toⅡ.知识归纳1.浅析非谓语动词的被动式结构非谓语动词的逻辑主语是该非谓语动词动作的承受者时，一般要用非谓语动词的被动式。

某某地区高二英语下学期Unit16 The United States of America 一. 教材分析㈠. 教学内容本单元的中心话题是“美国” ,课文围绕“美国南部”及“美洲平原上的野牛”展开, 让人感受美国的变迁过程. 本单元有助于培养学生跨文化交际意识,进一步拓宽视野,为终身学习奠定良好的基础.“热身”(Warming up)部分, 给我们提供了三幅画面,有利于我们从宏观上和微观上把握美国地理特征.练习题引导学生从美国的历史渊源,经济等方面认识美国,有利于学生的探究学习.“听力”(Listening) 部分设置了三个练习,由浅到深,层层深入. 练习1不仅有利于我们了解纽约市,而且有利于培养学生在听力中快速捕捉信息的能力. 练习2 和3有助于学生了解美国的背景知识,丰富学生的文化内涵.“口语”(Speaking)部分要求学生根据提示描述一个场所.题目设置贴近学生生活. 教师除了课本所提示的说明处,还可以引导学生描述自己的学校.“读前”(Pre-reading) 部分设计了两个练习.练习1要求学生列一份自己家乡的年表,并列出重要的事件以及变化过程,讨论其前因后果. 练习 2 要求学生在年表上填写美国历史上发生的五件大事, 这有利于训练学生的逻辑思维能力,为阅读有关美国历史的课文做准备.“阅读”(Reading)部分“美国南部” (The American South), 介绍了南部------一部充满灾难的历史, 同时也是一部充满成功与希望的历史.文章重点介绍了美国南部佐治亚亚特兰大市自内战以来的发展和变化. 着重阐述了反对种族隔离制度斗争的美国运动, 及其杰出的领袖马丁.路德.金的斗争精神. 通过阅读这篇文章可以了解,美国是个多民族的多元文化国家. 由于文章涉及美国历史的变化, 城市的发展, 需要对比的手法描写, 本篇文章可称得上是一篇对比性写作的X文.“读后”(Post-reading)部分练习1有利于学生通过实例来阐明观点. 练习2 要求学生进行两人小组讨论或者多人小组讨论, 题目强调了语篇意识,设置层次性强,有利于培养学生的思辨能力.“语言学习”(Language Study)部分包含词汇和语法两部份. 词汇学习涉及构词法知识,设计新颖,看似简单,其实灵活, 有助于学生留意某些词加后缀时意义的变化, 有利于避免负迁移. 语法练习2考察学生在语篇中使用非限定动词的能力, 注重学生综合素质的提高. “综合技能”(Integrating Skills)部分包含阅读和写作. 通过阅读“美洲平原上的野牛” , 人们了解了美国历史上大规模屠宰野牛,破坏美洲草原生物链的教训. 写作部分要求学生写一封电子, 帮助美国学生了解中国.这就需要学生在理解教材的基础上,从面积,人口,语言,民族,重要城市等方面比较美国于中国的区别.这项任务有利于提高学生的语言运用能力.特别是语言概括能力.“学习建议”(Tips)部分指导要求学生开展写对比分析文章,以及学生写作时要注意的相关事项.“复习要点”(Check points) 通过练习引导学生对非限定动词作一次小结,并对要求学生对描述处所的词汇进行一次小结,有利于培养学生的自学能力.㈡. 教学目标1．语言知识词汇：e ntry mental physical suffering greedy trader unemployment unrest sacrifice reconstruction former funeral dawn overeinsist plain resist chief afterwards widespread rot wildlifesupply chain willing in vain take a chance leave alone insist onput on on sale in turn语法：复习非限定动词I don’t mind his being invited.He hate being laughing atShe enjoys being interviewed.It is important for lost time to be made up.功能：描绘场所What does your hometown look like ?What does the landscape look like ?Are there ? There is in the north.How long/wide/high/tall is the….?It’s .. metres / feet long /wide/high/tall.It looks like …….2．语言技能听：听两段有关NY的短文，捕捉信息，改正错说：用恰当的语言描述一个地方读：掌握skimming scanning generalization taking notes 等微阅读技能。