汉语四字格的英文翻译方法 ppt课件

必备素材：汉语四字格的翻译（一）并列关系这种四字结构，前后两个词语属于并列关系，我们只要能够将前后两个词语分别译成相应的英语译文，中间用并列连词“and”连接即可。

名山大川famous mountains and great rivers名胜古迹scenic spots and historical sites湖光山色landscape of lakes and hills青山绿水green hills and clear waters奇松怪石strangely-shaped pines and grotesque rock formations平等互利equality and mutual benefit扬长避短play up strengths and avoid weaknesses反腐倡廉fight corruption and build a clean government简政放权streamline administration and institute decentralization集思广益draw on collective wisdom and absorb all useful ideas国泰民安the country flourish and the people live in peace and harmony政通人和the government functions well and people cooperate well国计民生national welfare and the pe ople’s livelihood辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new徇私舞弊bend the law for personal gain and engage in fraud流连忘返linger on with no thought of leaving for home国际局势复杂多变the complex and volatile international situation开拓进取blaze new trails and forge ahead求同存异seek common ground while shelving differences（二）语意重复这种四字结构前后两个词语的语意是一样的，如果前后两个词语都翻译就构成语意重复了，广袤无垠的中华大地the boundless expanse of the Chinese territory高瞻远瞩的决策a visionary/far-sighted decision贯彻落实重大决策carry out/ implement a series of major policy decisions层峦叠嶂peaks rising one after another优胜劣汰survival of the fittest延年益寿prolong one’s life灵丹妙药panacea / miraculous cure长治久安a long period of stability求真务实pragmatic审时度势size up the trend of events招商引资attract investment誉满全球举世闻名world-renowned功在当代，利在千秋in the interest of the current and future generations继往开来，承前启后(continue the past and open up the future ) break new ground for th e future路遥知马力，日久见人心Time will tell.吃的苦中苦，方知甜中甜no sweet without sweat车到山前必有路，船到桥头自然直in the end things mend /there’s always a way out急功近利eager for instant success and quick profits大黑扫黄crack down on gangland and pornography德高望重of high ability and integrity互利互补mutually complementary and beneficial互谅互让mutual understanding and accommodation遵纪守法observe the relevant code of conduct and the law（三）目的关系减员增效downsize (and cut payroll) to improve efficiency (for efficiency)退耕还林return cultivated land to forest or pastures集资办学raise money to set up new schools结党营私form cliques for private gain扭亏为盈turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one（四）途径方式寓教于乐teach through lively activities因材施教teach students according to their aptitude按劳分配distribution according to performance以商养文support /sponsor cultural activities with the profits from doing business（五）偏正词组廉洁奉公honestly perform one’s official duties环境绿化environmental greening超前消费premature consumption; Over-consume; excessive consumption以强凌弱the strong domineering over the weak以人为本people foremost; People-oriented（六）动宾关系优势互补complement each other’s advantages自主经营，自负盈亏make one’s own management decisions, take full responsibility for on e’s own profits and losses（七）条件关系不进则退no progress simply means regression. （八）省略意象瞻前顾后overcautious and indecisive源远流长have a long history呕心沥血spare no efforts画龙点睛bring out the crucial point花天酒地go on the loose汗马功劳exploits闻名遐迩famous独具匠心original中流砥柱mainstay, chief cornerstone鱼米之乡a land of milk and honey世外桃源a haven of peace。

汉语四字排比结构的英译处理四字结构几乎可见于古今各种文体之中，或独自成句，或并列排比，或前呼后应。

结构匀称对仗，读起来音韵和美，表达言简意赅，将汉语文字的音与形的特点巧妙揉和在一起，极富美感。

而汉语四字排比结构就更是词义丰富，文才华丽，语气连贯，具有极强的修辞效果。

尽管如此，汉语四字排比结构的字面意义并非历历具足，往往是虚实相生，重在气势和意境；而英语却是一种非常理性的语言，最重清楚明白，最忌逻辑混乱与文字堆砌，所以在翻译的过程中，汉语工整对仗、抑扬顿挫的排比结构在英语中却多半变得长短不一、参差不齐，这是不可避免的。

因为我们不可能强求与原文保持形式上的一致，这样一来反而会导致译文表达松散堆砌，这是不符合英语表达习惯的。

因此，汉语的四字排比结构在翻译成英语时，可根据其语义成分和逻辑成分，转化成英语中相应的结构。

下面就逻辑关系分别说明其英译处理的方法：1．并列关系的四字排比结构的英译处理并列关系的四字排比结构通常转化为英语中的下列结构：a.形容词+ 名词1）按照合理布局、优化结构、突出重点的要求，加强宣传文化事业的基本建设。

Capital construction of publicity and cultural undertakings will bestrengthened according to the principle of a rational distribution, anoptimized structure and a priority order.2）大峡谷的谷地山峦交错、峡谷相连、江水汹涌。

The valley of the Grand Bend is full of multi-peaked mountains,joined canyons and turbulent waters.b.名词或形容词+ in + 名词1）由于这台仪器性能稳定、操作可靠、维修方便，因此受到用户的好评。

第三章汉语四字格‎的翻译Somed‎a y.有朝一日barga‎i n .讨价还价hate to see sb. go .恋恋不舍sweet‎in compl‎e te range‎of artic‎l es .品种齐全with vario‎u s patte‎rns . 款式繁多fine workm‎a nshi‎p . 工艺精湛speci‎a l econo‎m i c zone . 经济特区retai‎l price‎ .零售价格No Parki‎n g . 禁止停车Staff‎ Only . 闲人莫入房屋出租. For Rent失物招领.Lost and found‎Keep In Dark Place‎ . 避光保存一，解释：汉语中四字‎结构的翻译‎在很多时候‎，令人非常的‎头疼棘手，很多国人，要么会误认‎为这些都属‎于成语，要么总想在‎英语中找一‎个形式与之‎对应的翻译‎来处理，其实不然，汉语中出现‎的四字格，很多只是为‎了读起来上‎口，对仗，并没有太深‎的寓意。

我们在很多‎情况下可以‎将四字格前‎后两个词语‎分开来处理‎，首先判断该‎结构属于什‎么词类，然后再分析‎前后两个词‎语间的逻辑‎关系，用相应的单‎词或者表达‎处理即可。

请看下面的‎例子：（一）并列关系：这种四字结‎构，前后两个词‎语属于并列‎关系，我们只要能‎够将前后两‎个词语分别‎译成相应的‎英语译文，中间用并列‎连词“and”连接即可。

青山绿水green‎hills‎and clear‎ water‎s集思广益draw on colle‎ctive‎ wi sdo‎m and absor‎b all usefu‎l ideas‎求同存异seek commo‎n groun‎d while‎shelv‎i ng diffe‎rence‎s（二）语意重复：这种四字结‎构前后两个‎词语的语意‎是一样的，如果前后两‎个词语都翻‎译就构成语‎意重复了。