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Translation of Attributive clause

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英汉翻译(10)定语从句的翻译

英汉翻译(10)定语从句的翻译

• The custom officer took up his suitcase, which was opened immediately in his presence.
• 海关官员拿起他的手提箱，并立即当着他的面打开。
• Trams, which disappeared from Britain many years, are still used in several European cities.
• A true friend is, as it were, a polished mirror which reflects our features, good and bad, as they are.
• 一个真正的朋友，就好象一面磨光的镜子，它把我们的 面貌，不论好的，坏的， 都如实地反映出来。
3）Translating Attributives with Adverbial Functions
• Rendered into a clause of cause • The strike would prevent the docking of
ocean steamships which require assistance of tugboats. • 罢工会使远洋轮船不能靠岸，因为它们需要拖国家不讨饭就活不下去。”
• There was that in Rawdon’s face which cuased Becky to fling herself before him.
• 罗登脸上的表情使得贝姬扑到他身前。
• They are aware that they are participating in a movement which is shaking the world and which brings together in its ranks, in its forward march, all peoples aspiring to freedom and justice.

新目标综合教程3 unit2 课后练习答案PPT课件

新目标综合教程3 unit2 课后练习答案PPT课件
topushoneswaywiththeelbows用肘强行开路languageinusenountoverbconversion3examples二人体部位和动植物组成部分的名词转化为具有其形象特点的行为动词to
1
1 Noun to verb conversion 2 "Verb + for" Construction 3 "Verb + on" Construction
11
Language in Use Noun to verb conversion
3) Examples （三）自然现象名词转化为表示以其性质为特征的 动作动词 to … like His refusal iced our enthusiasm. 他的拒绝冷却了 我们的热情。 ice: to freeze like ice
4
Language in Use Noun to verb conversion
1) Noun to verb conversion in the text ④ You will not be whipped in the public square if
you don’t. (Para. 4 ) to beat with a whip
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Language in Use Noun to verb conversion
4) Exercise
summer showcase
radio
parrot
crane father blanket snowball
4) Heavy smog _b_la_n__k_e_ts_ the city. 5) She fully _s_h_o_w_c_a_s_e_d_ her talents in the reality

英语翻译定语从句的译法

英语翻译定语从句的译法

There was a man who seemed to have the a胸有成竹， 他就是罗伯特先生。
March is the month God created to show people who don’t drink what a hangover is like. 上帝创造了三月，诣在让那些未 曾喝醉过的人们体验沉醉的感觉。 The kapok is in blossom that heralds the early spring. 木棉盛开，预示着早春的到来。
A baker who sells bread for money can use the money to buy anything he wants. The United States is known for its supermarkets, where all kinds of food and household articles are sold. I gave the report to Albert, who later give it to the department head.
即先译主句，然后将定语从句译成并列分句，有时也可以译成独 立的句子。这时要重复先行词或用代词、副词等来指代先行词或 整个句子。
If you reach Chicago by train and spend only an hour or two there you will feel the light wind off the lake which gives it the name “Windy City”. 如果乘火车抵达芝加哥，即使只在那里逗留一两 个小时，你也会感觉到从（密歇根）湖那边吹拂 过来的阵阵清风，这就是芝加哥之所以叫做‚风 城‛ 的缘故。 They turned a deaf ear to our demands, which enraged all of us. 他们对我们的要求置之不理，这使我们大家都很 气愤。

定语从句的翻译策略Translation of Attributive Clause

定语从句的翻译策略Translation of Attributive Clause

尊敬的各位来宾，女士们，先生们： 2. 尊敬的各位来宾，女士们，先生们： 早上好，很高兴参加《财富》论坛，我谨以“ 早上好，很高兴参加《财富》论坛，我谨以“中国的开放与世 界的供赢”为题，与各位交流。27年前，开放对于中国还是 界的供赢”为题，与各位交流。27年前， 年前 一个很陌生的词汇。当邓小平提出对外开放的时候， 一个很陌生的词汇。当邓小平提出对外开放的时候，中国人 遇到了思维上前所未有的挑战， 遇到了思维上前所未有的挑战，很多人怀疑中国的开放是不 是风险太大了？但无论阻力有多大， 是风险太大了？但无论阻力有多大，二十多年来中国始终坚 持了对外开放的基本国策。今天，当人们回首往事时， 持了对外开放的基本国策。今天，当人们回首往事时，惊喜 的发现，中国已实现了历史的跨越：27年间 年间， 的发现，中国已实现了历史的跨越：27年间，国民生产总值 增加了1100% 平均增速达9.4% 改革开放之初， 1100%， 9.4%。 增加了1100%，平均增速达9.4%。改革开放之初，人们把那 些巨富的人称为“万元户” 些巨富的人称为“万元户”，而目前我国居民人均储蓄就有 上万元了。所以，开放给中国人民带来了实惠， 上万元了。所以，开放给中国人民带来了实惠，中国人从心 里喜欢开放。 里喜欢开放。
4. 中国既是一个能源消费大国，又是一个能源 生产大国。在能源问题上，我们一直主张在 平等互利基础上，加强国际合作，共同应对 包括油价高在内的能源问题。
Text translation
1. A new currency called the Euro was launched in Europe. It will replace eleven currencies by the year 2002 so that eleven European countries will share a common euro currency. The euro will make it easier for these countries to trade with each other and for other countries to trade with them. The euro is latest in a global economy of money which sees frantic trading of currency 24 hours a day. Every day trillions of dollars are moved around the world via banks’ computers. Even as nations sleep, the fiber optic cables, fax and phone lines, and Internet cyberspace highways are humming with the trade in money.

Translation-of-Attributive-Clauses1

Translation-of-Attributive-Clauses1

If she had long lost the blue-eyed, flower-like charm, the cool slim purity of face and form, the apple-blossom coloring which had so swiftly and oddly affected Ashurst twenty-six years ago, she was still at forty-three a comely and faithful companion, whose cheeks were faintly mottled, and whose gray-blue eyes had acquired a certain fullness.（from the beginning paragraph of The Apple Tree） 如果说她早失去了那蔚蓝色眼睛的、花儿般魅力，也失掉了她那脸儿和身段 的那种玉洁冰清、苗条多姿的气质和那苹果花似的颜色---二十六年前这种花 容月貌曾那样迅速而奇妙地影响过艾舍斯特---那么在四十三岁的今天，她依 旧是个好看而忠实的伴侣，不过两颊淡淡地有点儿斑驳，而灰蓝的眼睛也已 经有点儿饱满了。 (张培基：150) 虽说在43岁的今天，她早已失去了她那双蓝眼睛中花儿一般的妩媚，失去了 她身段的苗条和脸上那种恬静与纯真，失去了她那犹如苹果花一样红润的肤 色，失去了她26年前曾使阿舍斯特一见倾心的神奇魅力，而且她脸上已隐隐 约约出现了斑纹，灰蓝色的眼睛也稍稍有点浮肿，但她依然是他相宜而忠实 的伴侣。（曹明伦译）
Translation of Attributive Clauses
This is the rat that ate the malt that lay in the house that Jack built.

trans clauses从句翻译!

trans clauses从句翻译!

我们实行精神鼓励与物质奖励相结合的政策。 饭后,四个主要谈判人物继续进行会谈,一直谈到深 夜。 (译成并列分句,省略关系词) 他们正在试图查明,是不是有什么东西实际上妨碍 了孩子们学得更快些。 纽曼本人就是其中之一。他叙述他一连几天躲在 地下室里的那种情景时,不禁哈哈大笑。 这个方案富于创造性,独出心裁,很有魄力,所以他 们都表示赞同。 (译成结果状语) 他想写一篇文章,以便能引起公众对这件事的注意。 (译成目的状语) 菲利普善于管理,因此被提升为副经理。 (译成结 果状语)
1 前置法 译成带“的”的前置定语,放在被修饰 前置法:译成带 译成带“ 的前置定语, 词前面, 词前面, 适用于限制性定语从句和非限制性定语 从句 2 后置法：如果英语从句结构复杂,译成汉语前置 后置法：如果英语从句结构复杂, 定语不易表达清楚,为了便于汉语行文, 定语不易表达清楚,为了便于汉语行文,使汉语句 子结构更灵活, 子结构更灵活,有些定语从句的翻译需要后置 3 译成独立句 对非限制性定语从句的翻译,除采 译成独立句:对非限制性定语从句的翻译 译成独立句:对非限制性定语从句的翻译, 用前置法、后置法外, 用前置法、后置法外,有时可译成独立句 4 译成状语 有些英语定语从句与主句的关系是表 译成状语:有些英语定语从句与主句的关系是表 示目的、原因、结果、条件、让步等逻辑关系, 示目的、原因、结果、条件、让步等逻辑关系, 这些从句的汉译须按状语从句考虑
时间状语从句
汉语中没有相当于英语中的时间状语从句 的复合分句,因此均应采用转译法 因此均应采用转译法。 的复合分句 因此均应采用转译法。
不论原文中主从句的次序如何,均按汉语习惯转译 不论原文中主从句的次序如何 均按汉语习惯转译 成位于句首的短语 转特定 转译成汉语中特定条件句中的条件分句 表特定 条件的偏句)或表原因的分句 或表原因的分句。 条件的偏句 或表原因的分句。 转译成汉语中假设复句中的假设分句(表假设的 转译成汉语中假设复句中的假设分句 表假设的 偏句) 偏句 主句转译成汉语的短语,从句转译成汉语的单句 主句转译成汉语的短语 从句转译成汉语的单句

Translation of Attributive Clauses ppt


In the above, we may change the relative pronoun into a personal pronoun and connect it to the main clause by “and.” Two cases in the order: A. the order may remain if the attributive clause is originally placed after the main clause (1,4,5,6 and 7) The and-clauses will have to be shifted to the place after the predicate of the main clause if it is originally inserted between the subject of the main clause and its predict(2and 3)
1.Restrictive attributive clauses Restrictive attributive clause is used to restrict the meaning of the antecedent it modifies. Three characteristics: a. placed after the antecedent; b. Generally, no comma to separate the clause from the antecedent it modifies; c. forms an indispensible part of the sentence it belongs to in meaning.
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英语定语从句翻译方法论文

探析英语定语从句翻译方法摘要：英汉两民族的思维语言习惯有着很大的差异，这就造成表达方式上的不同。

定语从句作为英语表达方式中的一个重要手段，其形式多样，灵活多变，在英汉翻译中的地位不可小觑。

笔者在此对其翻译方法进行归纳总结，通过定语化，谓语化，并列化，兼语化，连动化及状语化为大家提供翻译定语从句化繁为简的技巧，既能保留汉语的表达习惯，同时也兼顾翻译这门艺术的美感。

关键词：英汉表达定语从句翻译abstract: english and the national language of thinking has a great deal of difference, which caused on the expression of different. as english attributive forms one of the important means of expression, its diverse, flexible, position in the translation should not be overlooked. i discussed this on the translation method, through which, predicates, and side-by-side, and the language of, linked and adverbials as we provide the translation skills of attributive clauses to simplify both retain the expression used in chinese, but also balance the aesthetic of the art of translation.keywords: expressions in english and chinese translation of attributive clause[中图分类号] g71[文献标识码]b [文章编号]英语中的定语从句一般为右开放型，可以向右无限扩展。

The Translation of attributive Clauses


1 前置法 译成带“的”的前置定语,放在被修饰词前面, 适 前置法:译成带 译成带“ 的前置定语,放在被修饰词前面, 用于限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 。 2 后置法：如果英语从句结构复杂,译成汉语前置定语不易表 后置法：如果英语从句结构复杂, 达清楚,为了便于汉语行文,使汉语句子结构更灵活, 达清楚,为了便于汉语行文,使汉语句子结构更灵活,有些定语 从句的翻译需要后置。 从句的翻译需要后置。 3 译成独立句 对非限制性定语从句的翻译,除采用前置法、后 译成独立句:对非限制性定语从句的翻译 除采用前置法、 对非限制性定语从句的翻译, 置法外,有时可译成独立句。 置法外,有时可译成独立句。
代词/数词+of+关系代词 (which/whom）”所构成 的非限制性定语从句,翻译时 可译成“其中……”。
W B T L E
A semiconductor is a material that is neither a good conductor nor a good insulator. 半导体材 料既不是良导体,也不是好的绝缘体。 料既不是良导体,也不是好的绝缘体。 Thus, at twenty one, Benjamin Franklin set out to broaden the frontiers of knowledge in the new land that was America. 这样,二十一岁时, 这样,二十一岁时, 本杰明 本杰明 富兰克林就开始在美洲这个新大陆上 寻求更多的新知识 知识。 寻求更多的新知识。 I have a brother, who studies in our university, too. 我有一个弟弟,也在我们学校学习。 我有一个弟弟,也在我们学校学习。 There were a lot of girl students of our class who took part in the sports meet. 我们班有许多 女学生参加了运动会。 女学生参加了运动会。

13 定语状语从句的翻译


定语从句的翻译
1.译成前置定语 合译法) 译成前置定语(合译法 译成前置定语 合译法 2.译成并列分句（分译法） 译成并列分句（ 译成并列分句 分译法） 3.混合译法 混合译法 4.译成状语从句 译成状语从句 5.特种定语从句的翻译
状语从句的翻译
1.前置译法 前置译法 2.后置译法 后置译法 3.译成分句 译成分句
4．While I grant his honesty, I suspect his memory. 虽然我对他的诚实没有异议， 但我对他的 记忆力却感到怀疑。 5． The value of health is not esteemed until it is lost. 人要到失去了健康，才知道健康的可贵。 6．Though I were starving, I would not ask a favor of him. 我纵然饿死，也不去向他求助。
4.
When deeply absorbed in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating and sleeping. 他常常 常常聚精会神地做工作， 这时他会废寝忘食。 常常 5. The sun , which had hidden all day, now came out in all its splendor. 那个整天躲在云层里的太阳， 现在又光芒四射 那个整天躲在云层里的 地露面了。 6. But Miggle’s laugh, which was very infectious, broke the silence. 但密格尔的富有感染力的 密格尔的富有感染力的笑声打破了寂静。 密格尔的富有感染力的 7. He wrote a book, which is about economics. 他写了一本经济学方面的 一本经济学方面的书。 一本经济学方面的
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译成“目的”分句

Men become desperate for work, any work, which will help them to keep alive their family. 人们极其迫切地需要工作，不管什么工作， 只要能够维持一家人的生活就行。


译成“条件、假设”分句
1. Attributive comparison of English and Chinese; 2. Translation methods of translation of attribute;


A stone building Faded flowers Boiling water Boiled water A gone case The risen sun

在他手下工作的人对他怕得要死。
English: Model 1: word attributive + head Model 2: head + word attributive Head + phrase Head + clause Chinese:
attributive + head
Preposition


在否定句中，译成汉语“和/与……相反”。
1.
Foreign invaders that are larger, have stronger brands, or enjoy other advantages can overwhelm local firms in their home markets. You should have to be very careful not to offend the foreman, who could give you the sack at any time.

As is very natural, the biggest shareholder gets the greatest benefits.
最大的股东获得最多的利益，这是很自然的。 As is known to all, a business organization cannot be well run without advanced management. 众所周知，没有先进的管理，一个企业组织就 不会得到很好的运转。


译成“结果”分句

Electronic computers, which have many advantages, cannot carry out creative work or replace men. 尽管电子计算机有许多优点，但是它们不能 进行创造性工作，也不能代替人。


译成“让步”分句
他们制定了一种新方法，采用之后产量已经 迅速得到提高。
译成并列句，省略中心词

Fusion (融合法)

Fortunately there are some US Congressmen who are supportive of extending MFN treatment to China. 幸好有些美国国会议员支持延长对华最惠国 待遇。 主从融合，译成独立句 We used a plane of which almost every part carried some indication of national identity. 我们驾驶的飞机几乎每个部件都有国籍的标 志。




As位于句首，翻译时一般置于句首或句尾。

The business slump did happen as some economists had predicted. 经济衰退确实像有些经济学家预测的那 样发生了。


as位于句中或句末—将as译成“与……相 同”、“像……那样”。

She did not, as her family had feared, go to see the stranger alone. 与家人担心的正相反，她没有独自去见 陌生人。



Postposition
1. The managing director received a letter from her that announced her resignation.
总经理收到了她的信，信中说明她要辞职。
译成并列句，重复中心词

They worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased.
I hope your success, which is an inspiration to me, will continue.
2.
3.
4.
His firm, which has suffered from a business slump for three years, now starts all over again.

Private universities in the United States have offered a wide range of courses that will suit the needs of different students. 美国私立大学开设了多种多样的课程，以满 足不同学生的需求。

It is he who received the letter that announced the death of your uncle. 是他接到那封信，说你的叔叔去世了。 The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him.
1) adjectives modifying compound pronouns; 2) adjectives beginning with a-; 3) some adverbs; 4) some special adjectives;
1. Every nation, big or small, has its strong and weak points. 2. He suggested a method at once economical and practical.



主从句译成主谓关系

We did not place an order with that company, whose offer was not what we had expected. 我们没有与那家公司签订购买订单，因为他 们的报价超出我们的预料。


译成“原因”分句

There was something original, independent, and heroic about the plan that pleased all of the directors of the board. 这个方案具有创新性，独具一格，很有魄力， 因此董事们都很喜欢。
一座石头砌的大厦 已凋谢的花 开着的水 开水 无可挽救的事 升起了的太阳
1) There is nothing unexpected about it.
2) I am the happiest man alive. 3) They live in the room above. 4) All the people present began to shout.

Everything that we saw at the Industrial Exhibition greatly interested us.
在工业博览会上所看到的一切引起了我们极 大的兴趣。 Trade barrier is a pressing problem which we must deal with. 贸易壁垒是我们必须解决的一个迫切问题。