新闻文体的英文翻译
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新闻英语的特点及翻译技巧【摘要】News English is a specialized form of English that is crucial in today's fast-paced world. This article explores the importance and characteristics of news English, highlighting its simplicity, objectivity, and timeliness. Additionally, it delves into the key skills required for accurate and fluent news translation. The conclusion emphasizes the significance of improving one's news English proficiency through dedicated methods and underscores the importance of precise news translation. This article serves as a comprehensive guide for understanding the intricacies of news English and the essential techniques for effective news translation.【关键词】新闻英语、特点、简洁性、客观性、及时性、翻译技巧、准确性、流畅性、提高水平、重要性。
1. 引言1.1 新闻英语的重要性News English is a vital tool in today's fast-paced world, serving as a primary source of information for people all aroundthe globe. The importance of news English lies in its ability to deliver timely and accurate news to its audience, enabling them to stay informed about current events, trends, and developments both locally and globally. News English allows individuals to access a wide range of topics and perspectives, helping them to form their own opinions and make informed decisions.1.2 新闻英语的特点1. 简洁性:新闻英语追求简明扼要,用词精准,句式简洁,以便读者能迅速了解事件的要点。
翻译与文体——新闻英语翻译新闻英语(journalistic English)指英文报刊上常见的各类文章,体裁多样,有新闻报道、新闻特写、广告、公报、文艺作品、述评、访谈、学术介绍和争鸣……题材广泛,内容包罗万象。
限于篇幅,也因不存在一个统一的新闻报刊文体和为了便于陈述,本课所要讲的新闻英语主要指那些新闻性强的news report,news analysis, news features等。
新闻英语有以下文体特点:(一)词汇层面(1)新闻报道通常拥有自己的一些惯用词汇,或者叫做"新闻词语",如story一词意思常常是news item或news report,而probe一词则指"(新闻)调查",如中央电视台的一个重要栏目"新闻调查"即译为News Probe。
还有如cut表示reduction;bar表示prevent;curb表示restrain或control等等。
常见的其他例子还有:accord (give) ban (prohibition) bid (attempt) boost (rise, increase) clash抵触,不谐调(disagreement) deal交易,协议(business agreement) freeze稳定,冻结:使(如物价或工资)固定在一个既定或现行的标准上(stabilization) loom隐现(appear) blaze 强调燃烧强度并暗示发光的光辉(fire) comb彻底搜查(search) row 骚乱,吵嚷[rau] (violent argument) rap (to speak severely to, to blame, to punish) move提出议案:按国会的程序作出正式提议(plan, decision, suggestion) round (a series of action) shock (astonishment, blow) shun躲避:故意避开(to keep away from…) heist抢劫;偷窃(robbery) viable (workable) voice (express) operation An instance or a method of efficient, productive activity:有效率的经营方式(activities) pact合同, 公约, 协定(agreement) woo寻求以达到;尽力得到(to seek to win…,to persuade…) fake (counterfeit)这些常用的新闻词语一般都具有短小精悍的特点,这主要是由于使用短小的词语能够节省时间和篇幅并有利于抢发新闻的缘故。
英语报刊新闻文体的特征及翻译摘要: 新闻文体的特点是集大众性、时效性、趣味性、客观性和简洁性于一体的文体。
在词法、句法、语法和修辞上有着自己的特色。
新闻报导的翻译,除遵循一般的翻译原则外,还应遵循新闻翻译的基本规律。
关键词: 英语报刊新闻文体特征翻译报刊新闻文体是一种常见的实用文体,是指新闻报道及报刊杂志上刊登的各类文章,涉及范围广,内容丰富,题材各异,包含了政治、经济、军事、科技、外交、文体、娱乐、宗教、法律、刑事、日常生活等各个方面的内容。
新闻文体以及时提供事实和信息为主要目的。
新闻报道的目的是要将一切新事物、新现象、新思想、新潮流通过各种新闻媒介传播给广大受众。
虽然其在英语和汉语中都没有任何规范的统一模式,但却在我们日常生活中常见。
新闻写作有其独特的文体特征,新闻报导的翻译,除遵循一般的翻译原则外,还应遵循新闻文体翻译的基本规律。
一、新闻文体的特点新闻文体是集大众性、时效性、趣味性和简洁性于一体的文体。
新闻刊物是一种大众传播媒介,读者众多,涉及面较宽,其语言必须通俗易懂,适应广大读者的阅读水平。
新闻刊物主要是报导国际国内新近发生的事件为主,为满足受众及时了解事件真相的需要,必须及时快捷地将事件报导出来。
新闻刊物十分注重读者的阅读趣味。
为了增加报导的趣味性,不仅要求报导内容投读者所好,而且要求它所运用的语言要适应读者的爱好和阅读习惯。
为了节约报刊杂志的版面篇幅,在有限的篇幅里报导尽可能多的内容,新闻写作人员就得采取一切手段来浓缩和精练语言,突出内容的实时性、结构的简洁性和信息的时效性,在词法、句法、语法和修辞上有着自己的特色。
(一)词汇方面新闻英语有其明显的词汇特点。
一些常用词汇在新闻报导的过程中具有了特定的新闻色彩,成为了新闻体词语。
新闻报导中还常使用某些普通词汇来表达特定的事实和事件,这些词汇经过长期使用后逐渐取得与新闻报导相联系的特殊意义,并受特定的上下文限制,常常带有新闻文体的特色,具有特定的涵义,也成了新闻体词语的一部分。
第四章新闻文体的翻译新闻文本是英语中常见的实用文本之一。
新闻传播作为一种有组织的大众传播形式,随着现代传播手段的不断更新、变化,已由原来的仅以报刊为主的传播手段逐渐发展成为包括阅读、视听、网络传播在内的多种手段。
新闻的种类很多。
按传播工具,可分为网络新闻报纸新闻、杂志新闻、广播新闻、电视新闻、有线电视新闻和通讯社新闻。
按新闻发生的地域和范围,有国际新闻、国内新闻和地方新闻;按报道的内容课分为政治新闻、经济新闻、科技新闻、文化新闻、体育新闻及娱乐新闻等若干类;按体裁分,新闻主要有三大类:消息(news reporting)、特写(features)和新闻评论(commentaries)按照事件的性质,新闻还可以分为“硬新闻”和“软新闻”两大类。
硬新闻即纯消息报道指题材比较严肃、具有一定时效性的客观事实报道;软新闻则指人情味较浓、写法轻松活泼的社会新闻,题材可能略显陈旧或无关紧要,但绝非枯燥乏味。
可见新闻翻译涉及的范围极为广泛。
第一节新闻文体的语言特点与翻译一.新闻文体的语言特点新闻语体属于中性语体。
对英语而言,实际通用的中性语体就是标准英语(Standard Engish)或者叫做通用英语(General English)。
这是受教育者、出版机构和广播、电视等媒体使用最广泛的语体,比商议语体更正式一些,但还达不到正式语体的程度,这是为了满足媒体大众化的需求而采用的语体。
其词汇、语法、拼写和语音层面等方面都力求符合大众需求。
词汇通用、易懂、多样;句法结构正统、完整、简洁;逻辑关系严谨、明确。
新闻语体的翻译在原则上应当与新闻写作的语体保持一致。
既然新闻写作使用中性语体,翻译自然也应当使用中性语体。
英译汉要采用现代标准汉语——普通话;汉译英要采用标准英语。
在词汇层面使用通用、易懂、鲜活的词语;在语法层面使用正统、完整句法和简洁的句式;在语篇上使用规范、严谨的衔接手段,以充分实现朴实型、新颖性、具体性、简明性等新闻文本特点。
Outline1. Introduction2. Development of English News Title2.1 History of English News Title2.2 Functions of English News Title2.2.1 Pointing Out the News Content2.2.2 Producing Attractive Effects.2.3 Differences between Chinese and English News Titles2.3.1 V ocabulary Similarities and Differences2.3.2 Tense Similarities and Differences2.3.3 Rhetoric Similarities and Differences2.3.4 Punctuation Mark Similarities and Differences3. Translation of English News Titles3.1 Literal Translation3.2 Free Translation3.3 Addition3.4 Omission3.5 Negation Translation3.6 Alliteration3.7 Making Use of the Advantage Chinese in Translation4. Conclusion[Abstract] English news titles play a special role in news reporting. Thus we should place special emphasis on the research of the characteristics and translation of English news titles. This thesis focuses on the study of English news titles in terms of their grammatical features and its translation. When it comes to translation, it tries to reproduce the functions of English news titles which requires translators’ agility and ingenuity in applying semantic and rhetorical devices. With grammatical and semantic exploration into the English news titles, such studies strive to benefit the readers in their understanding of what the editor wants to convey.[Key words] English news title; function; comparison; translations methods英语新闻标题及其翻译[摘要]标题在新闻报道中具有独特的地位。
新闻英语的特点及翻译abstract:news as journalism is a genre of publicizing latest events. it informs us of what is going on in the world at large. in the media it is an important commodity as well as a way of attracting audience keen to be informed of the events taking place in the world in which they live.the thesis firstly introduces the concept of journalistic english, its vocabulary and translation; then, the thesis analyzes the language features of journalistic english in the following aspects: glossary, writing, rhetoric and style; the thesis finally introduces the translation of journalistic english so as to further embody its features. a translator should follow the principles of faithfulness and acceptability in translating journalistic neologisms. by mastering the features of journalistic english, we can make our writing, more vivid and interesting, strength the expression of subject, and embroiders the atmosphere.key words:journalistic english; features; translation摘要:新闻是最新事实的报道,它是大众媒体中扮演着一个很重要的角色即吸引观众的注意并向之传送正在发生的时间的信息。
新闻文体的翻译新闻文体的翻译Translation of Journalistic Writings新闻文体是英语中常见的实用文体,是一种书面语体,行文比较正式,语法比较规范。
●用途:报道消息,告知情况。
●内容:政治、经济、军事、外交、科技、文体以及宗教、法律、刑事、家庭等方面。
●类型:时事报道、社会新闻、社论、特写、书评、广告等。
新闻主要是为了满足人类在社会实践活动中沟通信息需要而产生的。
新闻就是广大群众想知道、应该知道而不知道的重要的新鲜的事实、最新消息、新颖的事物、新鲜报道等。
“新”意味着报道及时,在最短的时间内把最近发生的、最新的真实现象、重要的事实介绍给最广泛的公众。
新闻语言的特点(Features of Journalistic Language)20. 1. 1 词汇特点英语新闻语言在词语表达上力求简洁明晰,语意清新,用词生动,表达客观,常用谚语、成语和典故以及比喻等修辞手段引人注目,耐人寻味。
新闻文体写作忌用夸张的形容词和副词、激情的文句、口语体词汇及俚语。
新闻词语常带有新闻文体的特色,在特定的上下文限制下,具有其特定的涵义。
新闻报导要吸引尽可能多的读者,因此用词又必须力求新奇。
20. 1. 2 句法特点新闻文体一般常用平素易懂的语句,近于谈话体、口语化的行文语言。
简单句有助于清楚地叙述事件的发生发展过程,可突出显示事件发生发展过程的层次感。
定语、状语、同位语、介词短语、分词短语,以及不定式短语等补加成份以扩展简单句来表示目的、意图及行为结果等。
新闻文体写作多用主动语态。
使用主动语态叙事可以使读者产生一种“直接感”,使叙述具有“直言不讳的效果”。
新闻中广泛使用直接引语与间接引语,使用引语的目的是使报道具有“最大限度的客观性”,以增添真实性和生动性。
例1:While the West goes about its business, Russia gains nothing by going off into a corner to sulk. (Time,,1993)【译文】西方各国各行其事,俄罗斯一无所获,只好走到一个角落里生闷气。
第六单元文体翻译第一节新闻报道一、新闻翻译的特点1、翻译讲求实效2、可以适当增减⏹翻译:遵循翻译标准进行全文翻译。
⏹编译:紧扣原作主题思想,从原作选取最有价值的内容,遵循篇章构建的一般规律,基本按照原作的时间先后顺序和逻辑关系组织行文,再按照翻译的一般原则,将其译成目的语的过程。
(王涛2004)⏹摘译:摘取一些认为重要的或者说传达了重要信息的段落和内容。
(俞建村2001)(注意:必须完整地翻译抽取的内容。
)⏹参见教材第十章“翻译的类型” p135.3、符合写作要求(1)手法:⏹以尽可能有趣的方式将一定事实展现出来。
(2)结构:⏹编年史法(chronological method ):依照事实发生先后按时间顺序叙述。
⏹新闻导语法(news lead method ):依照事实的重要性来铺陈、排列事实。
(3)语言:⏹具体、准确、简明、通俗、生动。
4、内容力求准确二、新闻的翻译⏹标题的翻译⏹电头的翻译⏹导语的翻译⏹正文的翻译⏹了解背景知识例:US Missile Targets Iraqi Radar SiteW ASHINGTON: A United States Air Force F-16 fighter plane fired a missile at an Iraqi radar site after the jet was tracked electronically while in the “no-fly” zone over southern Iraq, the Pentagon said yesterday.But the White House, explaining a long delay in announcing the strike, said it was unclear whether Iraqi radar has “locked on” to the plane on Saturday.A Pentagon spokesman said the F-16 returned safely to its base in Saudi Arabia. It was not immediately known if the Iraqi site was damaged. The spokesman, confirming the strike about 18 hours after it occurred, said an investigation was under way. Iraq denied any such incident had taken place.美导弹击中伊拉克雷达基地华盛顿电:五角大楼昨日宣称:一架美空军F-16战斗机在伊拉克南部禁飞区被电子跟踪后,向伊一雷达基地发射了导弹。
中文新闻标题译英文变短的例子(一)中文新闻标题译英文变短在新闻报道中,一个优秀的新闻标题能够吸引读者的注意力,传达新闻内容的核心要点。
然而,随着国际交流的增加,我们需要将中文新闻标题翻译成简洁扼要的英文。
以下是一些例子,同时也是详细讲解这些例子的方法。
例子1:中国建成世界上最长的高速铁路网China Builds World’s Longest High-Speed Railway Network这个标题译为英文后简洁明了地表达了新闻中所传达的核心信息:中国建成了世界上最长的高速铁路网。
方法:将中文新闻标题的各个部分拆分,并根据英文语法和表达习惯进行调整。
在这个例子中,我们将“中国”翻译成了“China”,“建成”翻译成了“Builds”,“世界上最长的”翻译成了“World’s Longest”,“高速铁路网”翻译成了“High-Speed Railway Network”。
例子2:全国首个无人驾驶出租车上路Nation’s First Self-Driving Taxi Hits the Road这个标题利用简洁的英文表达出“全国首个无人驾驶出租车上路”的信息。
方法:同样,我们将中文新闻标题的关键词进行拆分和翻译。
在这个例子中,“全国首个”翻译成了“Nation’s First”,“无人驾驶出租车”翻译成了“Self-Driving Taxi”,“上路”翻译成了“Hits the Road”。
例子3:重要国际会议在北京开幕Major International Conference Kicks Off in Beijing这个标题简洁地表达了“重要国际会议在北京开幕”的核心内容。
方法:通过将中文新闻标题拆分并根据常用的英文表达方式进行调整,我们将“重要”翻译成了“Major”,“国际会议”翻译成了“International Conference”,“在北京开幕”翻译成了“KicksOff in Beijing”。
国际新闻英文作文带翻译1. The US presidential election results were announced on November 7, 2020, with Joe Biden winning the presidency and Kamala Harris becoming the first female, first Black, and first South Asian vice president-elect in American history. The election was highly contentious, with President Trump refusing to concede and alleging widespread voter fraud without evidence. However, Biden and Harris have begun their transition to the White House and are expected to take office on January 20, 2021.2. The COVID-19 pandemic continues to ravage the world, with over 60 million confirmed cases and 1.4 million deaths as of November 2020. Countries have implemented various measures to contain the virus, including lockdowns, social distancing, and mask mandates. The pandemic has also had a significant impact on the global economy, with many businesses struggling to stay afloat and unemployment rates skyrocketing.3. In August 2020, Belarus held a presidential election that was widely criticized as fraudulent. The incumbent president, Alexander Lukashenko, claimed victory with over 80% of the vote, but opposition leader Svetlana Tikhanovskaya and her supporters alleged widespread voter suppression and demanded a new election. Protests erupted across the country, and the government responded with a brutal crackdown, arresting thousands of demonstrators and using violence to disperse crowds.4. The Black Lives Matter movement gained momentum in 2020 following the killing of George Floyd, a Black man, by a white police officer in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Protests against police brutality and systemic racism spread across the United States and around the world, with millions of people taking to the streets to demand justice and equality. The movement has sparked important conversations about race and policing, and has led to calls for significant reformsin law enforcement.5. The United Kingdom officially left the EuropeanUnion on January 31, 2020, after years of negotiations andcontroversy. The move, known as Brexit, has had significant implications for the UK and the EU, including changes to trade, immigration, and security policies. The UK is currently in a transition period until December 31, 2020, during which it will continue to follow EU rules and regulations while negotiating a new relationship with the bloc.1. 美国总统选举结果于2020年11月7日公布,乔·拜登赢得总统职位,卡玛拉·哈里斯成为美国历史上第一位女性、第一位黑人和第一位南亚裔副总统当选人。