英语3 Unit9 Wheels 知识点剖析
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开放市齐备阳光实验学校Unit 9 Wheels 知识点剖析(1)
单词·巧记·典句·考点
cancel [′knsl]vt. 取消;删去
【巧记提示】 can(能够)+cel
【例句】 I’m afraid I have to cancel our meeting tomorrow. 恐怕我得取消我们的会面了。
【考点聚焦】(1)辨析几个表示“去掉、除去〞含义的短语:
cancel out(互相) 抵消 如:
The losses in our overseas division have canceled out the profits made in the home market. 海外分公司的损失抵消了国内市场上的收益。
cut out 删除 如: I would cut out that last bit about racial prejudice. 我愿意把最后那点儿有关种族偏见的删掉。
leave out 漏掉 如:
She outlined the case to him,being careful not to leave anything out. 她向他说明大概情况,十分留意没遗漏掉什么。
这几个短语的用法大致相同,都是加名词或代词作out的宾语,但宾语是代词时,要放在out之后。主要体会它们在含意上的差异。
(2)注意cancel和cancel out 的区别: cancel强调将原的行动或方案取消。如: Before I went on business,I canceled the milk delivery. 我出差之前将送奶停订了。
cancel out是“抵消〞的意思。如:
His adventage in speaking perfect English canceled out his disadvantage in lacking experience. 他能说地道英语的优势抵消了他缺乏经验的劣势。
(3)掌握其固搭配cancel sb./sth.out of...,意为“将某人/某物从……中删除〞。如:I don’t know for what the teacher canceled him out of the list. 我不知道为什么老师将他从中去掉了。
advantage[d′vɑ:ntId]n. 优势;有利条件
【巧记提示】 adv(副词)+ant(蚂蚁)+age(年龄),副词的有利条件是知道蚂蚁的年龄。
【例句】 The taller team has an advantage in a game of basketball. 队员个子高些的队打篮球有优势。
【考点聚焦】 (1)掌握advantage相关的习语和搭配:
have(give sb.) an advantage over...in...(使某人)在某方面比拟有优势,如:
“兰尼会说两门外语,在这一点上比他姐姐有优势。〞我们可以有以下两种译法 Lanny had an advantage over his sister in that he could speak two foreign languages.
The ability of speaking two foreign languages gave Lanny an advantage over his sister.
take(no/little/much/full) advantage of 利用
He took full advantage of his business knowledge and won the opportunity. 他充分利用自己在商业方面的知识赢得了这次时机。 to one’s advantage 对……有利
Voice training will be to your advantage if you plan to go into the theater. 如果你想学戏剧,发声练习会对你有帮助。
(2)反义词:disadvantage “不利之处;劣势〞,其用法与advantage根本一样。如:I was at a disadvantage compared to the younger members of the team. 与队里较年轻的队员相比,我处于不利地位。
(3)advantage是名词,表示“做某事有(无)益处〞,用it作形式主语的结构,须用be of advantage,相当于一个形容词,表示事物的本质或特性:be+of+n.=be+adj.。如: It would be no of advantage for us to refuse the invitation.
拒绝这个邀请对我们来说没有益处。 provide [pr′vaId]vt. 供;供应
【巧记提示】 divide(分开)→provide(提供),分开提供。
【例句】 The Red Cross provides food and shelter for disaster victims. 红十字会向难民提供食物和住所。
【考点聚焦】(1)掌握其固搭配:
provide sb.with sth.向某人提供某物;
provide sth.to/for sb.将某物提供应某人 如:
We are now provided with everything we need.我们现在有尽有。
Everything we need has been provided for us.我们已经有尽有。
(2)辨析近义词provide,supply和offer:
provide是“可供、可给予、有……可供应〞的意思,指可以满足需要,常暗示预见性,强调提供贮备或装备,往往是免费供。
supply与provide意义很接近,也指“有……可供使用〞,而且多是长期的和大量的供,但它侧重于向某人或某提供缺乏的或必不可少的东西,往往是收费的。
offer指主动的提供帮助、效劳或所需之物,强调的是“主动〞。如:
She offered to help me,for which I have been graduated. 她主动提出帮我,为此我一直很感谢。
Free diretions can be provided if needed.如果需要,可以提供免费指导。
The various shops lining along the both sides of the path close to the university are able to supply anything the students need.
学生们可以在林立于那条靠近的小路两边的各色商店里,买到任何他们需要的东西。
benefit [′benIfIt]n. 利益;好处vt. 有益于;有助于vi.受益
【巧记提示】 bene(好的)+fit(适宜的) 【例句】n. We developed the trade with them for mutual benefit. 为了双方的利益我们与他们开展了贸易关系。 vt. The sea air will benefit you.海边的空气会对你有好处。 vi. It is too soon to say how much I have benefited. 断言我得到了多大的利益还为时过早。
【考点聚焦】 掌握关于benefit的常用习语:
(1)(be) of benefit to 对……有好处 如: The book wasnt of much benefit to me.那本书对我没有多少益处。
(2)for the benefit of 为了……的好处 如: The money is to be used for the benefit of the poor. 这些钱是拿来救济穷人的。
(3)作及物动词:benefit sb./sth.对某人/某物有好处 如:
We should spend the money on something that will benefit everyone of us. 我们该把这钱花在对我们都有益的事情上。
(4)benefit from/by...从……中受益 如: I benefited from my father’s advice.我从父亲的建议中有所获益。
within [wIð′In] prep. 在……内部 adv. 在内部的
【巧记提示】 with(有)+in(在……里面)
【例句】 We were within a few miles of home when the accident occurred. 我们离家只有几英里的时候,事故发生了。 The building was locked,and all of us within felt safe. 楼门锁上了,我们所有待在里面的人感到平安了。
【考点聚焦】 (1)within作副词时常用于表示“在内心〞。如:
A voice within told him what to do.一个来自内心的声音告诉他如何做。
(2)掌握其固搭配:
from within 从里面 within reach(of) 能得到;在附近 如:
The door was suddenly opened from within.门突然从里面开了。 There are shops within easy reach of the house. 商店就在房子周围很近的范围内。
(3)反义词:without,多指作副词时。如:
The curtains were white without and green within.这些窗帘都是白面绿里儿。
lick [lIk]vi.(像舌头一样)轻轻拍打、摆动 vt. 舔
【巧记提示】 立刻(谐音),立刻摆动
【例句】 The flames licked at our feet. 火苗朝我们脚下卷了过来。 Lick the ice cream so it won’t drip. 舔舔冰淇淋别让它化成水滴下来。
【考点聚焦】 (1)lick作及物动词接名词或代词作宾语,不及物动词根据具体语言环境选用适当的介词。如:(fire)lick towards the door (火)向门口卷过来
(2)lick的含义比拟丰富,要注意体会。如: He licked the stamp and stuck it on the envelope. 他舔了舔邮票,把它贴在了信封上。
The flame licked up the dry grass.火苗引着了干草。 I’m not going to be licked by a small difficulty like that. 我不会被那么小的困难打败的。
(3)注意其常见用法:
lick one’s boots 拍某人马屁 lick one’s chop(舔筷子)馋得流口水 如: