MBA联考-英语-6(总分100,考试时间90分钟)Section Ⅰ Vocabulary1. Governments today play an increasingly larger role in the ______ of welfare, economics, and education.A. scopesB. rangesC. ranksD. domains2. I took the medicine 10 minutes ago, but the bitterness is still ______ in my mouth.A. scatteringB. feelingC. maintainingD. lingering3. Share prices on the Stock Exchange plunged sharply in the morning but ______ slightly in the afternoon.A. recoveredB. regainedC. restoredD. resolved4. The finance minister has not been so ______ since he raised taxes to an unbearable level.A. famousB. favorableC. popularD. preferable5. The wooden cases must be secured by overall metal strapping so that they can be strong enough to stand rough handling during ______.A. transitB. motionC. shiftD. traffic6. They tried to prevail ______ Mary to invest all her money in the project.A. atB. intoC. aboveD. on7. They came to their rescue and convinced these trembling men ______ safety and help.A. ofB. withC. forD. as8. The firm's promise to increase our pay was a reluctant ______ to union demands, because the union would otherwise not go back to work.A. responseB. replyC. reactionD. concession9. All the people ______ treatment protested that the medical fee was too high to be acceptable.A. ofB. onC. withD. under10. The conference ______ the possibility of establishing closer diplomatic relationship between the two countries.A. exploresB. locatesC. searchesD. tracks11. His actions were more ______ of his real purpose than were his words.A. magnificentB. significantC. splendidD. superb12. Not only the professionals but also the amateurs will ______ from the new training facilities.A. deriveB. acquireC. benefitD. reward13. To give praise ______ the giver nothing but a moment's thought and a moment's effort.A. costsB. tellsC. benefitsD. prizes14. Any salesperson who sells more than the weekly ______ will receive a bonus.A. ratioB. quotaC. allocationD. portion15. Do you think the president will be able to ______ his promise not to raise taxes?A. catchB. captureC. findD. keep16. Very few people could understand his lecture because the subject was very ______.A. faintB. indefiniteC. obscureD. gloomy17. Our manager is ______ an important customer now and he will be back this afternoon.A. calling onB. calling inC. calling upD. calling for18. One of the reasons for his popularity in our village is that he ______ almost everyone every time when he comes back from the big city.A. looks afterB. cares forC. asks afterD. runs for19. We must ______ that the experiment is gong to be controlled as rigidly as possible.A. assureB. secureC. ensureD. endure20. I would never have ______ a court of law if I hadn't been so desperate.A. sought forB. accounted forC. turned upD. resorted toSection Ⅱ ClozeLarge lecture classes are frequently regarded as a necessary evil. Such classes (21) be offered in many colleges and universities to meet high student (22) with limited faculty resource, (23) teaching a large lecture class can be a (24) task. Lecture halls are (25) large, barren, and forbidding. It is difficult to get to know students. Students may seem bored in the (26) environment and may (27) read newspapers or even leave class in the middle of a lecture. Written work by the students seems out of the (28) .Although the challenges of teaching a large lecture class are (29) , they are not insurmountable. The solution is to develop (30) methods of classroom instruction that can reduce, if not (31) , many of the difficulties (32) in the mass class. In fact, we have (33) at Kent State University teaching techniques which help make a large lecture class more like a small (34) .An (35) but important benefit of teaching the course (36) this manner has involved the activities of the teaching assistants who help us mark students' written work. The faculty instructor originally decided to ask the teaching assistants for help (37) this was the only practical way to (38) that all the papers could be evaluated. Now those (39) report enjoying their new status as "junior professors", gaining a very different (40) on college education by being on the other side of the desk, learning a great deal about the subject matter, and improving their own writing as a direct result of grading other students' papers.21. A. should B. will C. can D. have to22. A. request B. demand C. challenge D. requirement23. A. and B. but C. although D. unless24. A. competitive B. rewarding C. routine D. troublesome25. A. spaciously B. exceptionally C. typically D. unusually26. A. unconscious B. impatient C. unaware D. impersonal27. A. frequently B. delightedly C. inevitably D. unexpectedly28. A. problem B. solution C. question D. answer29. A. tiny B. potential C. fundamental D. substantial30. A. personal B. innovative C. initiative D. persuasive31. A. increase B. accumulate C. eliminate D. diminish32. A. inherent B. inherited C. injected D. integrated33. A. introduced B. inserted C. modified D. revised34. A. conference B. assembly C. seminar D. course35. A. incredible B. obscure C. unanticipated D. inspiring36. A. at B. through C. by D. in37. A. so that B. although C. when D. because38. A. ensure B. assure C. secure D. certify39. A. new teachers B. senior students C. associate professors D. part-time professionals40. A. inspiration B. expectation C. stimulation D. perspectiveSection Ⅲ Reading ComprehensionPassage OneTo paraphrase 18th-century statesman Edmund Burke, "all that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing." One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights ruling out their use in research. Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates, whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care. Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding, and few people understand the process of health care research. Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings, many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything **es from of is tested in animals--no meat, no fur, no medicines. Asked if she opposed immunizations, she wanted to know if **e from animal research. When assured that they do, she replied, "Then I would have to say yes." Asked what will happen when epidemics return, she said, "Don't worry, scientists will find some way of **puters." Such well-meaning people just don't understand.Scientists **municate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable way--in human terms, not in the language of molecular biology. We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother's hip replacement, a father's bypass operation, a baby's vaccinations, and even a pet's shots. To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.Much can be done. Scientists could "adopt" middle school classes and present their own research. They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformationgo unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. Research institutions could be opened to tours, to show that laboratory animals receive humane care. Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health **munity should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment. If good people do nothing, there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.41. The author begins his article with Edmund Burke's words to ______.A. call on scientists to take some actionsB. criticize the misguided cause of animal rightsC. warn of the doom of biomedical researchD. show the triumph of the animal rights movement42. Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is ______.A. cruel but naturalB. inhuman and unacceptableC. inevitable but viciousD. pointless and wasteful43. The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public's ______.A. discontent with animal researchB. ignorance about medical scienceC. indifference to epidemicsD. anxiety about animal rights44. The author believes that, in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates, scientists should ______.A. communicate more with the publicB. employ hi-tech means in researchC. feel no shame for their causeD. strive to develop new cures45. From the passage we learn that Stephen Cooper is ______.A. a well-known humanistB. a medical practitionerC. an enthusiast in animal rightsD. a supporter of animal researchPassage TwoMale chauvinism--the attitude that women are the passive and inferior servants of society and of men--sets women apart from the rest of the working class. Even when they do the same work as men, women are not considered workers in the same sense, with the need and right to work to provide for their families or to support themselves independently. They are expected to accept work at lower wages and without job security. Thus they can be used as a marginal or reserve labor force when profits depend on extra low costs or when men are needed for war.Women are not supposed to be independent, so they are not supposed to have any "right to work". This means, in effect, that although they do work, they are denied the right to organize and fight for better wages and conditions. Thus the role of women in the labor force undermines the struggles of male workers as well. The boss can break a union drive by threatening to hire lower paid women or blacks. In many cases, where women are organized, the union contract reinforces their inferior position, making women the least loyal and militant union members. (Standard Oilworkers in San Francisco recently paid the price of male supremacy. Women at Standard Oil have the least chance for advancement and decent pay, and the union has done little to fight this. Not surprisingly, women formed the core of the back to work move that eventually broke the strike.) In general, because women are defined as docile, helpless, and inferior, they are forced into the most demeaning and mind rotting jobs--from scrubbing floors to filing cards--under the most oppressive conditions where they are treated like children or slaves. Their very position reinforces the idea, even among the women themselves, that they are fit for and should be satisfied with this kind of work.Apart from the direct, material exploitation of women, male supremacy acts in more subtle ways to undermine class consciousness. The tendency of male workers to think of themselves primarily as men (i.e., powerful) rather than as workers (i. e., members of an oppressed group) promotes a false sense of privilege and power, and an identification with the world of men, including the boss. The petty dictatorship which most men exercise over their wives and families enables them to vent their anger and frustration in a way which poses no challenge to the system. The role of the man in the family reinforces aggressive individualism, authoritarianism, and a hierarchical view of social relations--values which are fundamental to the perpetuation (不朽) of capitalism. In this system we are taught to relieve our fears and frustrations by brutalizing those weaker than we are: a man in uniform turns into a pig; the foreman intimidates the man on the line; the husband beats his wife, child, and dog.46. Unfair working status of women also produces negative effects on men in that ______.A. men face the threat of being replaced by low wage womenB. men have to deal with women's complaints all the timeC. women's low income often irritate their husbandsD. women's inferior working condition worries their husbands47. The failure of the strike of Standard Oil workers shows that ______.A. when women are involved, strikes are bound to failB. passive women involvement in strikes makes success unlikelyC. women are not often firm enough in organized strikesD. most women are loyal and militant members of work unions48. Many women also think they deserve oppressive jobs because ______.A. they are taught by society to believe soB. their husbands do not expect them to have better jobsC. their poor conditions strengthen their mental acceptanceD. they gradually begin to love those jobs they do49. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______.A. male workers are often treated as men instead of workers in companiesB. males' anger and frustration are posing serious threat to our present systemC. it is quite natural for males to beat their wives, children and dogs for no reasonD. males' dominating role in families eventually helps the stability of capitalist system50. The best title for this passage might be ______.A. Men and Women in CapitalismB. The Effects of Men's Supremacy on WomenC. Dictatorship and Women StrikeD. Women's Role in Work Union SuccessesPassage ThreeIt remains to be seen whether the reserves of raw materials in the year 2000 will be sufficient to supply a world economy which will have grown by five hundred percent. Southeast Asia alone will have an energy consumption five times greater than that of Western Europe in 1970. Incidentally, if the underdeveloped countries started using up petrol at the same rate as the industrialized areas, then world reserves would be exhausted by 1990.All this only goes to show just how important it is to set up a plan to conserve and divide up fairly natural resources on a worldwide scale.This is a matter of life and death because world population is expanding at an incredible rate. By the middle of the next century population will expand every year by as much as it did in the first 1,500 years after Christ. In the southern, poor parts of the globe, the figures are enough to make your hair stand on end. Even supposing that steps are taken to stabilize world population in the next fifty years, the number of inhabitants per square kilometer will increase by from 4 in the United States to 140 in South East Asia. What can we do about it?In the first hypothesis we do nothing. By the year 2000, the southern parts of the world would then have a population greater than the total world population today.Alternately we could start acting right now to bring birth rate under control within fifteen years so that population levels off. Even then the population in the southern areas would not stop growing for seventy-five years. And the population would level off at something like twice today's figure.Finally, we could wait ten to twenty years before taking action. If we wait ten years the population of the southern area would stabilize at 3,000 million. Even today the number of potential workers increases by 350,000 people per week. By the end of the century this figure will reach 750,000; in other words, it will be necessary to find work for 40 million people per year--not to speak of food.What this means in practical terms we can scarcely imagine. But clearly if we do nothing, nature will solve the problem for us. But at what cost!51. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the author?A. A worldwide plan to conserve natural resources should be worked out.B. The energy consumption of the underdeveloped countries will increase greatly.C. The world economy will have greatly grown by the year 2000.D. There will definitely be not enough raw materials in the year 2000.52. The sentence "the figures are enough to make your hair stand on end" (Paragraph 3) probably means ______.A. the figures are too surprised to believeB. the figures seem to be so high that we think them to be unacceptableC. the figures are so big that we may be surprised at themD. it seems that the figures are high enough53. At the end of the passage the author implies that ______.A. naturally, the population problem would be solvedB. nature will punish us in the end if we do nothingC. we can wait until nature solves the problem for usD. we can't imagine how much we'll have to pay to solve the world population problem54. The phrase "level off" (Paragraph 5) probably refers to ______.A. make cutB. make growthC. make balanceD. make the same55. The best title for this passage would be ______.A. Raw Material in the Year 2000B. Problem of Energy ConsumptionC. Worldwide Conservation of ResourcesD. The Pressure of Population GrowthPassage FourOver the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoe Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush's predecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chretien and Koizumi). The world's three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world's five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).Can this merely be coincidence? One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the lot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get theirawards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.56. What does the author intend to illustrate with AAAA cars and Zodiac cars?A. A kind of overlooked inequality.B. A type of conspicuous bias.C. A type of personal prejudice.D. A kind of brand discrimination.57. What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?A. In both East and West, names are essential to success.B. The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoe Zysman.C. Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies' names.D. Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.58. The 4th paragraph suggests that ______.A. questions are often pat to the more intelligent studentsB. alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from classC. teachers should pay attention to all of their studentsD. students should be seated according to their eyesight59. What does the author mean by "most people are literally having a ZZZ" (Paragraph 5)?A. They are getting impatient.B. They are noisily dozing off.C. They are feeling humiliated.D. They are busy with word puzzles.60. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.B. VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.C. The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.D. Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.Section Ⅳ Translation61. As in most ethical situations, making a true or false promise involves other people. Almost every time we ask "What should I do?" we are aware that other people are involved in our behavior. Why should someone ask himself before making a false promise, "Is it right?" It may be that he is afraid of being found out. He may, however, wonder whether it is fair to the other person. How we relate ourselves to others or how we behavior affects others makes up most of the subject matter of ethics. Being aware of others is more than wondering how our actions will affect them; we are also Concerned about how the behavior of others will affect us. There is no satisfactory way for us to avoid the presence of other people. The most we can do is try to arrange the rules of behavior, of ethics, in order to reduce the amount of friction and conflict and thereby achieve the greatest amount of harmony. Whether our actions are right and good will depend to a great extent on the effect they will have on others. Actions such as telling a falsehood, stealing, injuring, and killing are considered wrong most of the time because they result in varying degrees of harm to someone. They also produce reactions from the victims, who in effect say, "If it is right for you todo that to me, then I will not hesitate to do the same thing to you.\Section Ⅴ Writing62. describe the charts briefly,2) interpret the causes of it, and3) give your point of view.**position should be more than 150 words. You should write **position neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.。
