中国矿业大学考博英语真题2011年
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中国矿业大学考博英语真题2011年
(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、Part One Cloze(总题数：1，分数：15.00)
One word that you might have learned when you were studying about sound is frequency. Frequency
means 1 fast the sound wave vibrates. Faster vibrations produce 2 pitched sounds. The notes in
a musical scale indicate the 3 or frequency of the sound. 4 word that can describe a sound is
intensity. Intensity
5 to the amount of energy in a sound wave, and it
6 a sound"s loudness. Printed
music will often include notes about how loud or 7 to play each section of the music. Timbre is
another 8 used to describe musical sounds. It describes how the same note will have 9 sounds when
played 10 different instruments. For example the same note may sound soft and pretty when played
on a flute, 11 strong and brassy when played on a trumpet. The timbre of a note comes from both
the actual note 12 is played 13 also its overtones, 14 are other higher and lower sounds that
are produced 15 the same time.（分数：15.00）
解析：how[解析] 文中第一句提到与声音有关的一个词是频率。空格处的句子是对该词的解释，即频率是指声波振动的速度有多快，因此空格处应填“how”。
解析：high[解析] 空格处前面讲到声波振动的速度很快，由此可以推知会产生尖锐的声音。high-pitched意为“声调高的，声音尖锐的”，因此空格处应填“high”。
解析：vibrations[解析] 空格处前面讲到与声音有关的一个词频率，以及声波的振动，据此可以推知此处是说声音的振动和频率，因此应填“vibrations”。
解析：The other[解析] 文中第一句提到“One word...is frequency”，因此这里是说另外一个描述声音的词。“one...the other...”意为“两者中的一个……另一个……”，所以空格处应填“The other”。
解析：is related[解析] 本句是对声音的强度进行的阐释，即这种强度与声波的能量有关。be related to意为“与……有关，和……有联系”，符合题意。因此空格处应填“is related”。
解析：is[解析] 空格处前面的it指代“Intensity”，这里是说声音的强度就是声音的音量，因此此处应填“is”。
解析：soft[解析] 空格处前面提到乐谱包括音符，后面又说演奏各个乐章。根据or前面的“how loud”可以推知，这里是说演奏音乐的强弱，因此此处应填“soft”。
解析：word[解析] 空格处后面提到用于描述音乐声，据此可推知这里是说另外一个词，因此此处应填“word”。
解析：different[解析] 空格处后面提到用不同的乐器演奏，据此可推知这里是说将有不同的声音，因此此处应填“different”。
解析：with[解析] 空格处是说用不同的乐器演奏，因此此处应填介词“with”。
解析：while[解析] 空格处前面提到用长笛演奏时听起来柔和、优美，后面提到用小号吹奏时则强烈、低沉。据此可以推知这里表示对比，应填连词“while”。
解析：that[解析] 空格处与“is played”构成一个定语从句，修饰前面的名词“note”，因此此处应填“that”。
解析：and[解析] “both...and...”用于连接两个表示并列关系的名词或代词，意为“既……又……”，因此此处应填“and”。
解析：which[解析] 空格处与“are other higher and lower sounds”构成非限定性定语从句，修饰前面的名词“overtones”，因此此处应填“which”。
解析：at[解析] 空格处是说同时产生的声音。at the same time意为“同时；一起”，因此此处应填“at”。
二、Part Two Reading Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00)
三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：6.00)
The last of the dinosaurs lived during a time called the Cretaceous period. This time period lasted
from about 135 million to 65.5 million years ago. Some sources give the years of 146, 145, or
144 million to 65 million years ago. In the Cretaceous period, the middle of North America was covered by a shallow sea. The Atlantic
Ocean began opening up between Europe and North America as those continents rifted. Other
continents that had begun pulling away from each other in the Jurassic continued drifting apart.
India was an island by itself.
Evergreen trees, mosses, and ferns had been the main types of plants, but now in the Cretaceous,
flowering plants appeared. Bees did, too. Hardwood trees like oaks and maples first appeared in
the fossil record.
Modem birds and mammals came into the fossil record. Tyrannosaurus and Triceratops came into
existence. So did other ceratopsian dinosaurs, relatives of Triceratops, with their wide variety
of facial horns and neck frills. Great herds of perhaps 10,000 Triceratops roamed the edges of
the North American Inland Sea. The climate began to cool.
At the end of the Cretaceous, another mass extinction wiped out as much as 90 percent of marine
life and 50 percent of life on land. There were no more dinosaurs after the end of the Cretaceous,
at about 65.5 million years ago. The Cenozoic era, also called the Age of Mammals, began.（分数：6.00）
(1).The mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period ______.（分数：2.00）
A.killed all the dinosaurs
B.killed half of all life on land
C.killed as much as 90 percent of marine life
D.all of the above √
解析：[解析] 根据文中最后一段的“At the end of the Cretaceous, another mass extinction wiped out
as much as 90 percent of marine life and 50 percent of life on land. There were no more dinosaurs
after the end of the Cretaceous, at about 65.5 million years ago.”可知，在白垩纪末期，另一次大规模的灭绝摧毁了多达90%的海洋生物，50%的陆地生物。白垩纪末期后，恐龙都消失了。据此可知，A、B、C三项都与文意相符，因此D项正确。
(2).Continents in the Cretaceous period were ______.（分数：2.00）
A.drifting apart √
B.moving towards each other
C.in the same locations as they are today
D.none of the above
解析：[解析] 根据文中第二段的“In the Cretaceous period, ...as those continents rifted. Other
continents that had begun pulling away from each other in the Jurassic continued drifting apart.”可知，在白垩纪时期，这些大陆分裂开了。其他在侏罗纪开始裂开的大陆继续漂移。据此可知，A项正确。
(3).The author"s main purpose for writing this was to ______.（分数：2.00）
