人教版八年级下册英语——知识点语法归纳总结
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Unit 1 What’s the matter?
1. 短语归纳
① have a cold/ fever/ stomachache… 21 have problems breathing 呼吸困难
感冒、发烧、胃疼…… 22 get sunburned 晒伤
② lie down 躺下 23 look up 查阅
③ too much 太多 24 be interested in… 对……感兴趣
④ get an X-ray 拍片 25 be used to doing… 习惯于做某事
⑤ take one’s temperature 量体温 26 take risks (take a risk) 冒险
⑥ sound like 听起来像…… 27 lose one’s life 丧生
⑦ take breaks (take a break) 休息 28 became of 因为
⑧ go to a doctor 看医生 29 run out (of) 用尽，耗尽
⑨ get off 下车 30 be ready to do sth. 准备做某事
⑩ on the side of… 在……边上 31 cut off 切除
⑪ have a heart problem 患心脏病 32 climb down 爬下
⑫ wait for 等待 33 get out of 离开；从……出来
⑬ to one’s surprise 使……惊讶的；出乎意料 34 tell of 讲述
⑭ thanks to 多亏；由于 35 the importance of (doing sth.) （做某事的）重要性
⑮ in time 及时 36 be in control of 掌管，管理
⑯ think about 考虑，认为 37 make a decision 做决定
⑰ right away 立刻，马上 38 keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事
⑱ get into trouble 陷入麻烦 39 give up 放弃
⑲ fall down 摔倒 40 cut/ hurt oneself 使自己受伤
⑳ a few 几个，一些 2. 典句必背
3. 用法集萃
(1) 当别人心情不好，身体不适或遇到麻烦时，我们可以用如下表达表示关心：
❖ What’s the matter?
❖ What’s the matter with you?
❖ What’s wrong with …?
❖ What’s the trouble\problem with …?
(2) 英语中常用 have 描述身体的不适，此时 have 意为“患有”，常用结构：
① have a + 疾 病
例：have a cold 感冒；have a fever 发烧；have a cough 咳嗽
② have a + 身体部位-ache
例：have a headache 头痛；have a toothache 牙痛
③ have a sore + 身体部位
例：have a sore throat 咽喉痛；have a sore back 背痛
(3) lie down 躺下；tell lies/a lie 说谎
含义 过去式 过去分词
躺；平躺 lay lain ① What’s the matter?
② I have a stomachache.
③ What should I do?
④ Should I take my temperature?
⑤ I think you should lie down and rest.
⑥ If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor.
⑦ His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience. 位于
撒谎；说谎 lied lied
(4) maybe & may be
① maybe，“或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。例：Maybe you are right.
② may be，是情态动词+be 的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。例：He may be angry.
(5) sound like & sound
① sound like+名词/代词/从句
例：It sounds like you don’t know the truth. It sounds like a good idea.
② sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，例：The music sounds nice.
(6) …when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. ……
这时司机看到意为老人躺在路边。
① see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事”，强调看到的动作正在进行；
② see sb. do sth. “看见某人做了某事”，强调看见动作的全过程或看见动作经常发生。例：I can see some children playing games. 我能看见一些孩子在玩游戏。
I saw him repair his bike. 我看见他修了他的自行车。
(7) He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus.
他期望大多数或所有乘客下车等下一班公交车。
① expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事 expect + that 从句
hope to do sth. 或 hope+ that 从句
② get off 下（汽车、火车等）；get on 上车；get up 起床，起来；get back 回来
get on/along 相处，进展；get into 陷入，开始参与；get to 到达
(8) But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him.
但出乎他的意料，他们都同意与他一起去。
① to one’s surprise“使…惊讶的；出乎…意料”，通常放在句首，在句中可作独立的状语 例：To our surprise, she is the last winner. 使我们惊讶的是，她是最后的赢家。
② surprising“令人惊讶的”，常用来形容事/物。例：This is a surprising gift.
surprised “感到惊讶的”，常用来形容人。例：The gift makes me surprised.
③ agree 同意，赞同；agree to do 同意做某事；agree with sb 同意某人的看法、观点
(9) Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time.
多亏了王先生和乘客们，这个人及时得到了医生们的救治。
① thanks to 幸亏，多亏了……；由于……的帮助=with the help of /with one’s help/because of
to 是介词，后接名词/代词或相当于名词/代词的词。
例：Thanks to your help, I can pass the exam. 多亏了你的帮助，我才通过考试。
② in time 及时；on time 准时
例：Luckily, he got to the bus station in time. 幸运的是，他及时赶到了公交车站.
The plane takes off on time. 飞机准时起飞。
(10) “It’s sad that many people don’t want to help others because they don’t want any trouble,” says one
passenger.
“因为不想惹麻烦，许多人不想帮助他人，这是令人寒心的。”一位乘客说。
① because + 句子；because of 介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动名词
例：The sports meet was put off because of the bad weather. 运动会因为糟糕的天气推迟了
② trouble n.困难；麻烦（不可数名词） v.使苦恼，打扰
❖ be in trouble 有困难；陷入困境
❖ get into trouble 陷入困境
❖ have trouble/difficulty/problems (in) doing sth.做某事有困难
❖ have trouble/difficulty/problems with sth. 做某事有困难
❖ have problems breathing 呼吸困难
例：I have trouble finishing my homework. / I have trouble with my homework.
我完成家庭作业有困难。
(11) As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.作为一名登ft者，阿伦习惯了冒险。
