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s高中英语语法 (时态和语态 )一．动词的时态时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。
英语动词有16 种时态，但是常见的只有九种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。
(一）一般现在时（do / does）1．具体用法1)表示经常性或习惯性动作We always care for each other and help each other. 我们总是互相关心互相帮助。
He goes to school every day.2)表示现在的特征或状态He is very happy.Do you sing? ----A little.3)表示普遍真理Light travels faster than sound.光速比声速快。
Actions speak louder than words.行动胜过言语。
* 常与一般现在时态连用的词或短语主要有：often, usually, sometimes, every day,every morning/afternoon, on Sundays/weekends 等等。
I often go to the cinema on Sundays.我经常星期天去看电影。
He goes to work early every day.他每天上班很早。
（二）一般过去时( did )（1）表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态，常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。
例如：We went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting film.（2）表示过去习惯性动作。
例如：He always went to class last.I used to do my homework in the library.（三）一般将来时( will / shall do)1）表示将来打算进行或期待发生的动作或状态。
于对市爱美阳光实验学校一中高一英语语法梳理之时态语态一．动词的时态时态是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。
英语共有十六种时态，常用的时态有：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时。
各个时态的谓语动词形式(主动) 〔谓语动词的形式涉及到时和体，时间主要表达在助动词和be动词上，而体主要表达在实义动词的形式上，过去为过去式，进行为doing, 完成为done，完成进行那么是二者结合〕〔一〕一般现在时的使用1. 表示一个习惯性、经常性的动作。
常与频率副词always, every time, now and then,occasionally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually 连用。
He gets up early and is always the first one to get to the office. 2. 表示客观事实、普遍真理或自然现象。
In summer, days are longer than nights and in winter it’s the opposite.3. 表示感觉、思想或理解的词，多用于一般现在时替代现在完成时，不用于进行时态中。
He feels that it is his duty to save the boy.4. come,go, start, open, close, return, arrive, begin, leave, fly, stop 瞬间动词常用一般现在时表示预先方案或时刻表安排的肯将要发生的动作。
The shop closes at 8 pm every day.5. 在时间或条件状语从，常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，或现在完成时代替将来完成时。
即我们常说的“主将〔或祈使句〕从现〔一般现在、现在完成〕〞。
高一英语语法动词的时态语态高一英语语法动词时态语态1一般现在时1、表示经常发生的习惯性的、现在反复出现的动作或状态，常用的时间状语有：always,usually,seldom,sometimes,everyday,nowandthen,onceaweek等。
2、表示眼下或目前等现在时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，这种状态带有一定的持续性。
3、表示客观事实或普遍真理。
4、书报的标题，的叙述，小说、戏剧、电影等情节介绍，图片的说明等。
6、在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，表示将来的动作。
注意：一般现在时可以用于定语从句或宾语从句中表示将来。
7、用在某些表达中，表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。
高一英语语法动词时态语态2一般过去时1、表示在过去某一时间点发生的动作或所处的状态，与现在没有关系。
常用的时间状语有：yesterday,lastnight,atthattime等。
2、表示在过去某一段时间里反复出现的动作或状态，与现在没有关系。
3、用usedtodo或woulddo表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
4、有些情况发生的时间没清楚表明，但实际上是“刚才，刚刚”发生的，属于过去时间，应使用过去时态。
常见的有Ididn’tknow…或Iforgot…等。
5、一般过去时可与today,thisweek,thismonth等时间状语连用。
高一英语语法动词时态语态3一般将来时1、will/shalldo(1)表示将来会出现的动作或状态。
常用的时间状语：thisevening,tomorrow,nextweek/month…,attheendofthisterm,inafewminutes等。
(2)表示将来经常发生的动作。
(3)表示事物的固有属性或必然趋势、倾向。
(4)表示说话过程中做出某种决定。
注意：条件状语从句中的will表示“决心，意愿”，此时will是情态动词表示意愿。
2、begoingtodo(1)表示已经决定或安排要做的事。
专题一：动词的时态考点：一般现在（过去,将来）时现在（过去）进行时现在（过去）完成时过去将来时一般现在时一般现在时：经常性① + 现时的状态②①ⅰ The earth moves around the sun.ⅱ高考题：Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _______ off at 18:20.A. takesB. tookC. will be takenD. has taken② He is at the door.特殊用法：1. We’re not sure if it _______ tomorrow. If it _______,we won’t climbthe South Hill.A. will snow , snowsB. will snow , will snowC. snows , snows D snows , will snow2. No decision _______ about any future appointment until all thecandidates have been interviews.A. will be madeB. is madeC. is being madeD. had been made一般过去时一般过去时：过去所发生的事情或存在的状态通常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用Notice: 一般过去时与一般现在时不发生关系Mr. White _______ in this factory, but no any longer.A. had workedB. has workedC. used to workD. used to working一般将来时一般将来时：将来发生的动作或存在的状态Will/shall + 动词原形通常与具体的表示将来的时间状语连用① be going to② be to doⅰ意图（按计划安排即将发生的动作）ⅱ应该：（高考例句）I feel that it is your husband who is to be punished.③ be about to doⅰ“即将”: 不能与具体的时间状语连用ⅱ判断：Miss Liu is about to leave the office at 5 p.m.Let’s keep to the point or we _______ any decisions.A. will never reachB. have never reachedC. never reachD. never reached现在进行时现在进行时：现在或现阶段正在进行的动作ⅰ现在:ⅱ现阶段：is/am/are + doing表示的是一种暂时性Notice: 注意与被动的结合：is being doneWould you please keep silent? The weather report _______ and I want to listen.A. is broadcastB. is being broadcastC. has been broadcastD. had been broadcast特殊用法：一些表示位移的或者是短暂性的动词，如：come,go,leave,arrive,start,die等用现在进行时态表示一个即将发生的动作。
高中英语语法讲义——时态、语态、主谓一致清单一：动词的时态一：一般体（表示既不进行，又不完成）一般体中的一般现在时、一般过去时分别表示现在、过去的经常性、习惯性动作或状态；一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或者状态，或将来某一段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态；过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作。
（一）一般现在时1.构成（1）动词原形，若主语为第三人称单数，则用第三人称单数形式，一般在动词后加“s”或“es”,其规则变化如下：情况规则例词一般情况下加-s eats ,rises以s、x、sh、ch结尾加-es teaches discusses以辅音字母加y结尾变y为i再加es fly-flies carry-carries（2）be动词的变化：am, is ,are（3）have的变化：have，has2.用法：一般现在时除了可以表示现在的经常性，习惯性动作或状态，还有如下用法：I often go to Wuhan on weekends.（1）表示客观真理，科学事实以及自然现象。
The earth goes around the sun.（2）用于以here，there开头的倒装句中，用来表示现在正在发生的动作或者存在的状态。
Here comes the bus.There goes the bell.（二）一般过去时1.构成情况规则例词一般情况加-ed pack-packed以辅音字母加y结尾变y为i再加ed carry- carried以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写辅音字母再加-ed plan-planned以不发音的e结尾的词直接-d like-liked provide-provided（2）was用于第一，第三人称单数，were用于其他人称（3）以元音字母加y结尾的动词，一般直接加-ed。
如play-played,但pay-paid.2.用法一般过去时除了可以表示过去经常性、习惯性发生的动作或状态，还有下列用法：（1）want, hope, think, intend等动词的一般过去式往往表示“过去原......”之意。
高一英语时态和语态的讲义1—Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 1026 _______ off at 18: 20.A. takesB. tookC. will be takenD. has taken2 .This machine _______. It hasn’t worked for years.A. didn’t workB. wasn’t workingC. doesn’t workD. isn’t working3 .The house belongs to my aunt but she _______ here any more.A. hasn’t livedB. didn’t liveC. had livedD. doesn’t live4. Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _______ the Pacific, and we met no storms.A. was calledB. is calledC. had been calledD. has been called5 .I have to go to work by taxi because my car _______ at the garage.A. will be repairedB. is repairedC. is being repairedD. has been repaired6. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn’t stoppe d ringing. People _______ to ask how I amgoing to spend the money.A. phoneB. will phoneC. were phoningD. are phoning7. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belt. The plane _______.A. takes offB. is taking offC. has taken offD. took off8. It’s said that the early European playing-cards ___ for entertainment and education.A. were being designedB. have designedC. have been designedD. were designed9. My cousin went to Canada two years ago. He _______ there for a few months and then went to America.A. workedB. would workC. would be workingD. has been working10—Has Sam finished his homework today?—I have no idea. He _______ it this morning.A. didB. has doneC. was doingD. had done11—What were you doing when Tony phoned you?—I had just finished my work and _______ take a shower.A. had startedB. startedC. have startedD. was starting12. Although medical science _______ control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us isthat some of them are returning.A. achievedB. has achievedC. will achieveD. had achieved13. My friend, who ___ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month.A. servedB. is servingC. had servedD. has served14. My brother is an actor. He _______ in several films so far.A. appearsB. appearedC. has appearedD. is appearing15．Now that she is out of a job, Lucy _______ going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.A. had consideredB. has been consideringC. considerD. is going to consider16. The roast duck_______delicious and a lot_______in two hours.A. was tasted；was soldB. tasted；was soldC. was tasted；soldD. tasted；would sell17. The roast dark which Mr and Mrs White prepared_______well.A. soldB. had been soldC. was soldD. would sell18 . ___is well known to everyone, the Olympic Games_______every four years.A. It; are heldB. As; take placeC. That; happenD. As; break out19. What we used to think impossible now does seem possible.A.isB.wasC.has beenD.will be20. was giving a talk to a large group of people,the same talk I to half a dozen other groups.A.was givingB.am givingC.had givenD.have given22.【2012江西卷】26．--Look! Somebody the sofa.--Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.A．is cleaning B．was cleaning C．has cleaned D．had cleaned23.【2012湖南卷】33. -- I remember you were a talented pianist at college. Can youplay the piano for me?-- Sorry, I ____ the piano for years.A. don't playB. wasn't playingC. haven't playedD. hadn't played24.【2012湖南卷】27. The moment ____ soon, he thought to himself, waiting nervously.A. cameB. has comeC. was comingD. is coming25..【2012湖南卷】25. Close the door of fear behind you, and you ____ the door of faith openbefore you.A. sawB. have seenC. will seeD. are seeing26.【2012湖南卷】22. Don't worrry. The hard work that you do now ____ later in life.A. will be repaidB. was being repaidC. has been repaidD. was repaid27.【2012重庆卷】27. Food supplies in the flood-stricken area ______.We must act immediatelybef ore there’s left.A. have run outB. are running outC. have been run outD. are being run out28.【2012重庆卷】22.-kevin,you look worried. Anything wrong?-Well, I____ a test and I’m waiting for the result.A. will takeB. tookC. had takenD. take29.【2012辽宁卷】35. Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until Ion Friday.A. get paidB. got paidC. have paidD. had been paid3.0【2012辽宁卷】33. Jack is a great talker. I t’s high time that he somethinginstead of just talking.A. will doB. has doneC. doD. did31.【2012辽宁卷】31. I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning I to Shanghai.A. will be flyingB. will flyC. have been flyingD. have flown32.【2012四川卷】9.—Did you catch what I said?—Sorry. I ______ a text message just now.A. had answeringB. have answeredC. would answerD. was answering33.【2012四川卷】11. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house____.A. is being rebuiltB. has been rebuiltC. is rebuiltD. has rebuilt34.【2012陕西卷】24.—Can I call you back at two o’clock this afternoon?—I’m sorry, but by then I______ to Beijing. How a bout five?A. flyB. will flyC. will be flyingD. am flying35.【2012北京卷】22. By the time you have finished this book, your meal ______ cold.A. getsB. has gotC. will getD.is getting36.【2012北京卷】25. George said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he______.A. wouldn’tB. didn’tC. hasn’tD. hadn’t37. 【2012北京卷】29. —Have you heard about that fire in the market?— Yes, fortunately no one _____.A. hurtB. was hurtC. has hurtD. had been hurt38.【2012北京卷】30. Our friendship _____ quickly over the weeks that followed.A. had developedB. was developingC. would developD. developed3.9.【2012全国II】18. The manager ______ the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.A. has toldB. is tellingC. has been tellingD. will have told40.【2012全国II】14. ---Did you ask Sophia for help?---I ______ need to – I managed perfectly well on my own.A. wouldn’tB. don’tC. didn’tD. won’t41.【2012天津卷】The three of us___________around Europe for about a month last summer.A. travelledB. have travelledC. had travelledD. travel42.【2012天津卷】The letters for the boss_____ on his desk but he didn’t read them until three later.A. were putB. was putC. putD. has put43.【2012全国新课程】33. I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers_____before my eyes.A. swimB. swumC. swamD. had swum44.. "Life is like walking in the snow", Granny used to say, "because every step ”A. has shownB. is showingC. showsD. showed45.【2012山东卷】34. The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers ______.A. will leaveB. are leavingC. have leftD. were leaving46.【2012山东卷】28. After Jack had sent some e-mails, he _______ working on his project.A. had startedB. has startedC. startedD. starts。
