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英汉对照有线电视网络常用缩语AAL(ATM Adaptation Layer)———————异步转移模式适配层AC（Alternating Current）———————交流Access Network ———————接入网ACI（Adjacent Channel Interference）———————邻频干扰Additional Channel:增补频道Adjacent Channel Transmission ———————邻频道传输ADSL（Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line）———————不对称数字用户线路AGC（Aotomatic Gain Control）———————自动增益控制AIC（Auxilliary Information Channel）———————辅助信息信道ALC(Aotomatic Level Control) ———————自动电平控制AM（Amplitude Modulation）———————幅度调制（调幅）AML（Amplitude Modulated Microwave Link）———————调幅微波链路Amplifier ———————放大器Application Layer ———————应用层ARP（Address Resolution Protocol）———————地址识别协议ASC(Aotomatic Slope Control) ———————自动斜率控制ATM（Asynchronous Transfer Mode）———————异步传输模式（协议）BAL（Bit ALlocation）———————比特分配Bandwidth ———————带宽BB（Basis Band）———————基带BBER（Background Block Error Rate）———————背景块误码率BC（Broadcast Channel）———————广播信道BCN（Broadcast Communication Network）———————广播通信网BDC(Block Down Converter) ———————下变频器BER(Bit Error Rate) ———————误码率B－ISDN（Broadband－Integrated Services Digital Network）———————宽带综合业务数字网络Bit Stream ———————比特流（码流）BPF（Band Pass Filter）———————带通滤波器BPS(Bits Per Second) ———————比特／秒，也写作b/sBRI（Basic Rate Interface）———————基本速率接口Broard Band Communication ———————宽带通信BRR（Bit Rate Reduction）———————比特率压缩C/CSO（Carrier to Composite Second Order beat ratio）———————载波复合二次差拍比C/CTB(Carrier to Composite Triple Beat ratio)———————载波复合三次差拍比C/I（Carrier to Inter－modulation ratio）———————载波互调比C/N（Carrier to Noise ratio）———————载噪比CA（Conditional Access）———————有条件存取（有条件接收）Cable Router ———————线缆路由器CAC（Conditional Access Control）———————条件接收控制CAID（Conditional Access IDentifier）———————有条件存取（接收）标志CATV（Cable TeleVision）———————有线电视CATV（Community Antenna TeleVision）———————共用天线电视CCIR（International Radio Consultative Committee）———————国际无线电咨询委员会CCITT（Consultative Committee of International Telephone and Telegraph）———————国际电报电话咨询委员会CCU（Communication Control Unit）———————通信监测单元CDMA（Code Division Multiple Access）———————码分多址Channel ———————频道Channel ———————信道Chirp ———————附加调频CIF（Commom Interleaved Frame）———————公共交织帧CII（China Information Infrastrcture）———————中国信息基础设施（计划）Circuittching ———————电路交换CLI（CATV Leakage and Ingress）———————有线电视泄漏与窜入CM（Cable Modem）———————电缆调制解调器又名线缆调制解调器CM(Cross Modulation) ———————交扰调制CMCI（Cable Modem to CPE Interface）———————电缆调制解调器至用户屋内设备接口CMTRI（Cable Modem Telephone Return Interface）———————电缆调制解调器中回传电话接口CMTS（Cable Modem Termination System）———————电缆调制解调器（Cable Modem）端接系统Coaxial Cable ———————同轴电缆COFDM（Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing）——————编码正交频分复用Communication ———————通信Community Reception ———————集体接收CPE（Customer Premises Equipment）———————用户屋内设备CS(Communication Satellite) ———————通信卫星CSMA/CD（Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection）——————公共载波复用通路/冲突检测（用于以太网），也叫带碰撞检测的载波侦听多址、载波侦听多重接入/碰撞检测CSO(Composite Second Order Beat)———————复合二次差拍CTB(Composite Triple Beat)———————复合三次差拍CW（Control Word）———————控制字Data———————数据DAVIC(Digital Audio Video Council)———————数字音视频理事会DB（Data Broadcasting）———————数据广播DBS（Direct Broadcast Satellite）———————直播卫星DC（Direct Current）———————直流DCF（Dispersion Compensation Fiber）———————色散补偿光纤，也叫色散位移光纤DC-SMF(Dispersion Compensation Single Mode Fiber)———————色散补偿单模光纤DCT（Discrete Cosine Transform）———————离散余弦变换DFB（Distributed FeedBack）———————分布反馈（激光器）DFB-LD（Distributed FeedBack－LD）———————分布反馈型－激光二极管DFT（Eiscrete Fourier Transformation）———————离散傅里叶变换DHCP（Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol）———————动态主机配置协议DIB（Digital Integrated Broadcasting）———————数字综合广播Digital———————数字的Distribution Point———————分配点DLL(Data Link Layer)———————数据链路层DLS（Dynamic Label Segment）———————动态标记段DMB（Digital Multimedia Broadcasting）数字多媒体广播DOCSIS（Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification）———————有线电视网络上的数据接口规格DQDB(Distributed Queue Double Bus)———————分布队列双总线DRC（Dynamic Range Control）———————动态范围控制DSCTy（Data Service Component Type）———————数据业务成分类型DSF(Dispersion Shift Fiber)———————色散位移光纤DSL（Digital Subscriber Line）———————数字用户线路DSM（Digital Storage Media）———————数字的存储或传输器件DSP（Digital Signal Processor）———————数字信号处理器DTV（Digital TV）———————数字电视DVB（Digital Video Broadcasting）———————数字视频广播DVB-C（Digital Video Broadcasting－Cable）———————用于电缆的数字视频广播DWDM（Denseness Wavelength Division Multiplexing）———————密集波分复用DXC（Digital Cross Connection）———————数字交叉连接（设备）EBU（European Broadcasting Union）———————欧洲广播联盟Echo Rating———————回波值ECM（Entitlement Checking Message）———————授权校验信息EDFA（Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier）———————掺饵光纤放大器EDTV（Enhanced definition T elevision)———————增强清晰度电视EIA（Electronic Industries Association）———————电子工业协会EIRP（Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power）———————等效全向辐射功率Eld（Ensemble Identifier）———————信号群（组）标志EMM（Entitlement Management Message）授权管理信息EPG（Electronic Program Guides）———————电子节目指南Equalization———————均衡ERP（Equivalent Radiated Power）———————等效辐射功率ESR（Error block Second Ratio）———————误块秒率Ethernet———————以太（网）ETI（Ensemble Transport Interface）———————信号群（组）传输接口ETI(NA)｛Ensemble Transport Interface（Network-Adapted）｝———————网络适应的信号群（组）传输接口ETI(NI)｛Ensemble Transport Interface（Network-Independent ETI）｝———————网络独立的信号群（组）传输接口ETN（Ensemble-Transport-Network）———————信号群（组）传输网络ETS（European Telecommunications Standard）———————欧洲通信标准ETSI（European Telecommunications Standards Institute）———————欧洲通信标准学会FCC（Federal Communications Commission）———————联邦通信委员会FDDI（Fiber Distributing Data Interface）———————光纤分布式数据接口FDM（Frequency Division Multiplexing）———————频分复用FDMA（Frequency Division Multiple Access）———————频分多址FEC（Forword Error Correction）———————前向纠错Feed———————馈送Feedback Error Correction———————反馈纠错FF（Feed Forword）———————前馈（放大器）FFT（Fast Fourier Transformation）———————快速傅里叶变换FI（Frequency Information）———————频率信息FIB（Fast Information Block）———————快速信息块FIC（Fast Information Channel）———————快速信息信道FIDC（Fast Information Data Channel）———————快速信息数据通道FIDCId（Fast Information Data Channel Identifier）———————快速信息数据通道标志FIG（Fast Information Group）———————快速信息组FM(Frequency Modulation)———————频率调制（调频）FML（Frequency modulated Microwave Link）———————调频微波链路FP-LD（Fabry-Perot Laser Diode）———————法布里－珀罗激光二极管Frequency———————频率FTTB（Fiber To The Building）———————光纤到大楼FTTC（Fiber To The Curb）———————光纤到路边FTTH（Fiber To The Home）———————光纤到户FTTSA（Fiber To The Service Area）———————光纤到服务区GFC（General Flow Control）———————一般流量控制GI（Grated Index）———————渐变折射率（光纤）GOD（Game On Demand）———————游艺点播HDSL（High bit－rate Digital Subscriber Line）———————高速数字用户线HDT（Host Digital Terminal）———————主机数字终端HDTV(High Definition Television)———————高清晰度电视HE（Head End）———————前端HFC（Hybrid Fiber-Coaxial）———————光纤同轴混合有线电视网络HomePNA(Home Phoneline Network Alliance)———————用户线接入多路复用器Hub Head End———————中心前端（分前端）IC（Interactive Channel）———————交互信道ICMP（Internet Control Message Protocol）———————因特网控制信息协议IEEE（Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers）———————电气电子工程师学会IM（Inter－Modulation）———————互调Information Highway ———————信息高速公路Integrated Coding and Multiplexing ———————综合编码与复用Interference ———————干扰Internet ———————国际互联网IOD（Information On Demand) ———————信息点播IP（Internet Protocol）———————网际协议IPPV（Impulse Pay-Per-View）———————脉冲式按次付费IRD(Integrated Receiver Decoder) ———————综合解码接收机ISDB（Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting）———————综合业务数字广播ISDN（Integrated Services Digital Network）———————综合业务数字网ISI（Inter－symbol Interference）———————符号间干扰ISO（International Standards Organization）———————国际标准化组织ISRC（International Standard Recording Code）———————国际标准记录码IT（Information Technology）———————信息技术ITU（International Telecommunications Union）——————国际电信联盟，简称国际电联ITU-R（International Telecommunications Union-Radio communicationsSector）———————国际电联无线电部门Knob ———————旋钮Lacal Head End ———————本地前端Lacal Network ———————本地网LAN（Lacal Area Network）———————局域网LD（Laser Diode）———————激光二极管Level ———————电平Light Modulation Deapth ———————光调制度。
数字电视专业术语DTV名词扫盲IRD——Integrated Receive Decoder 集成接收解码器STM——Synchronous Transport Module同步传输模块GE——Giga Ethernet千兆以太网ATM——Asynchronous Transfer Mode异步传输模式DAB——Digital Audio Broadcast 数字音频广播EPG——Electronic Program Guide电子节目表TS——Transport Stream传输码流ASI——Actuator Sensor Interface调节传感器接口MPEG——Motion Picture Exports Group 运动图像输出专家组PSIP——Program System Information Protocol 节目系统信息协议SI——Service Information 服务信息iTV——interactive TV互动电视STM——Synchronous Transfer Mode同步传输模式XML——Extensible Markup Language可扩展标记语言IP-TV——Internet Protocol TV网络电视DSLAM——Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer数字用户线数据复用器DSL——Digital Subscriber Line数字用户线DMB——Digital Media Broadcasting数字媒体广播DAB——Digital Audio Broadcasting数字音频广播DMB-H——DMB-Handl手持DMBDMB-T——DMB-Terrestrial数字地面DMBMUSICAM——掩蔽型通用子带综合编码与复用(MP2)VDSL——Video Digital Subscriber Loop 视频数字通讯网络ADSL——Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Loop非对称数字用户线BSAC——Bit-slice Arithmetic Code 比特时间片算术编码ETI——Ensemble Transport Interface信号群传输接口BER——Bit Error Rate误码率BS——Bit Sreeam 比特流ECM 其全称之Entitlement Control Message(授权操纵信息)，其意思就是“与条件收视（CA）有关的操纵信息”。
美联英语提供：美联英语：高科技类新词汇汇总小编给你一个美联英语官方试听课申请链接：/?tid=16-73374-0 3C 融合（3c fusion）3G（3rd Generation）3R技术（3R techniques）4A（Anyone Anytime Anywhere Anything）CG（Computer Graphics ）DVD（Digital Versatile Disk，多功能数码光盘）EVD （Enhanced Versatile Disk，增强型多媒体盘片系统）Open AccessSOI材料（Silicon on Insulator Materials）Wi－Fi技术（Wireless Fidelity）阿尔法客车”（AlphaBus）爱普（APIEL：Advanced Placement International English Language）按需计算（On－Demand Computing）白色农业（white agriculture）办公自动化（OA：Office Automation）半导体材料（semiconductor material）比较医学（Comparative Medicine）并行工程（Concurrent Engineering）博客（Blog/Blogger）超级网站（Super Website）城市垃圾管理的三C原则（Clean Cycle Control）创新决策权（Authority innovation－decisions）磁悬浮列车（Magnetically Levitated Train）大规模杀伤性武器（Weapons of mass destruction）（陶子）中微子（Tau neutrino ）大科学（Big Science）地球模拟器（Earth Simulator）地球资料卫星（earth resources satellite）地震矩规模（moment magnitude scale）电子现金（Electronic Cash）电子支票（Electronic Check）动漫（Comic and Animation）都市农业（Urban Agriculture或Agriculture in City Countryside）二恶英”（Dioxin）非典型肺炎（Atypical Pneumonias）分布式计算（Distributed Computing）分布式能源（distributed energy sources）分子遗传学（Molecular genetics）疯牛病（Mad Cow Disease）干扰素（Interferon）干细胞（Stem Cells）干燥综合征（Sjogren Syndrome，SS）高技术（High T echnology，简称Hi－tech）高技术战争（high－tech warfare）高温超导电缆（High－TC Superconducting Cable）高温超导体（High－TC Superconductor）公共密钥基础结构（Public Key Infrastructure，PKI）供应链管理（Supply Chain Management）光纤通信（Optical Fiber Communication）国防高技术（defense high technology）国防关键技术（defense critical technology）国防信息基础结构（DII Defence Information Infrastructure）国际空间站（ISS（International Space Station）互联网时间（Internet Time）机顶盒（Set－Top Box，简称STB）基础研究（Basic Research）基因歧视（Gene Discrimination）基因枪法（particle bombardment）基因疫苗（Gene Vaccine）基因诊断（Gene Diagnosis）基因指纹法（Genetic Fingerprint）基因治疗（Gene Therapy）极端制造（Extreme manufacturing）集束炸弹（Cluster bombs）技术推广与科技服务季节失调症（maladjustment in season）建筑设备自动化系统（Building Automation System，简称BAS）健康住宅（Healthy Building or Healthy House）降水概率（precipitation probability）降水量（rainfall precipitation）金属玻璃（Metallic Glasses）京都议定书（Kyoto Protocol）精确农业（Precision Agriculture）精神领袖（Spiritual leader ）精准农业（Precision Agriculture）巨磁电阻材料（Giant Magnetoresistance Materials）聚合酶链反应（Polymerase Chain Reaction ，PCR）军事革命（revolution in military affairs）科学技术教育与培训（S&T education and training）科学素养（Scientific Literacy）可视图文（Visual pictures and literature）空间站（space station）空中交通管制（air traffic control―ATC）蓝色农业（blue agriculture）蓝牙技术（Bluetooth）立体农业（stereo farming）量子纠缠（Quantum Entanglement）量子密码术（Quantum cryptography）量子隐形传送（Quantum Teleportation）硫污染（Pollution by Sulfur）绿色GDP（Green GDP）绿色纤维（Lyocell fibre）绿箱政策（GreenBox Policies）密钥加密技术（Key Encryption T echnology）敏捷制造（Agile Manufacturing）（20030731）纳米材料（nano material）与纳米粒子（nano particle）纳米机器人（Nano Robot）纳米科学技术（NanoST （Nano Science and Technology））纳卫星（Nano－Satellite）农业产业化（Agriculture Industrialization）欧洲洁净空气”计划（CAFE （Clean “Air For Europe rogramme”）贫铀弹（Depleted Uranium Bomb）平均无故障工作时间（mean－time－between－failures ―MTBF）普适计算（Pervasive Computing）气象卫星（meteorological satellite）千年生态系统评估（Millennium Ecosystem Assessment）清洁生产（Cleaner Production）全球定位系统（Global Positioning System，简称GPS）全球警报与反应网络（Global Out－break Alert and Response Network）燃料电池（Fuel Cell）人工乘客（Artificial Passenger）人类脑计划（Human Brain Project）人文发展指数（HDI）认证中心（Certificate Authority，简称CA）柔性制造技术（flexible manufacturing technology―FMT）朊毒体（Prion）深空探测（Deep Space Exploration）生命体征（vital signs）生命体征（vital signs）生态预报（ecological forecasting 或ecological）生物安全（Biosafety）生物防治（biological control）生物经济（Bio－economy）生物库”计划（“Biobank”Project ）生物入侵（Biological invasion）生物芯片（Biochip）生物信息学（Bioinformatics）生物质能（Biomass Energy）时间旅行（Time Travel）试验发展（Development）受众分割（Audience segmentation）数字地球（Digital Earth ）数字地球（Digital Earth）数字电视（Digital TV，简称DTV）数字鸿沟（Digital Divide）数字化战场（digitizing the battlefield ―DB）数字视频广播（DVB “Digital Video Broadcast”）数字图书馆（DL “Digital Library”）数字显示器（Digital Display）数字现金（Digital Cash）数字音频磁带（DAT “Digital Audio Tape”）数字自然音影技术（DNA “Digital Natural Audio/Video”）双星计划（Double Star Programme）水资源（Water Resources）酸雨（Acid Rain）外科手术式打击（Surgical strike）网格计算（Grid Computing）网络数据库（Network Database）网络综合症（Net Synthesis）危机管理（Crisis Management）微机电系统（Micro Electro－Mechanical Systems，MEMS）微流体技术（Microfluidics Technology）温室效应（Greenhouse Effect）物理农业（Physical Agriculture严重急性呼吸道综合症（SARS：Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome）阳光政策（Sunshine policy）遥感（Remote Sensing）遥医学（Telemedicine）液晶（Liquid Crystal）液晶（liquid crystal）液晶显示器（Liquid Crystal Display，LCD）一票否决权（veto power）医学遗传学（medical genetics）医院信息系统（Integrated Hospital Information System，IHIS）移动计算（Mobile Computing）移动上网（WAP）遗传筛查（Genetic Screening）应用研究（Application Research）营养免疫（Nutrition Immunology）有机（生化）纳米材料（Organic （Biochemical）Nanomaterial）预发式计算（Proactive Computing）远程呈现（telepresence）远程医学（Telemedicine）载人航天（Manned Space Flight）载人航天（manned spaceflight）摘菊使者（Daisy Cutter）知识管理（Knowledge Management，简称KM）知识经济（The Knowledge Economy）知识引擎（Kengine）知识与资源管理（KRM：Konwlege & Resource Management）脂质体（Liposome）植物全息现象（Plant Holographic Images）中国强制认证（CCC“China Compulsory Certification”）重组DNA技术（Recombinant DNA Technology）转基因动物（Genetically Modified Animal）转基因食品（Genetically Modified Food）准晶（Quasicrystal）准一维纳米材料（Quasi－one－dimensional Nanometer Material）资源安全（Resource Security）自主计算（Autonomic Computing）综合性安全（Comprehensive Security，或非传统安全）总部经济（Headquarters Economy）组织培养技术（Tissue Culture Technology）太空农业（Space Agriculture）太空行走（Walking in space）太阳风暴（Solar Storm）太阳能（Solar Energy）炭疽（Anthrax）炭疽（anthrax）唐氏综合症（Downs Syndrome）提高战略运算能力计划Accelerated Strategic Computing Initiative，ASCI 体细胞遗传学（somatic genetics）通信卫星（communication satellite）西尼罗河病毒（West Nile virus）消费电子（consume electronics）信息材料（information materials）信息技术外包（IT Outsourcing）信息经纪人（Information Broker）信息战（information warfare―IW）休闲农业（Recreational Agriculture）虚拟口腔（DentAART）虚拟人（Visual Human）虚拟人（Visual human）虚拟天文台（Virtual Observatory）虚拟现实技术（Virtual Reality Technology）循环经济（Recycling Economy / Cyclic Economy）美联英语：。
高二英语互联网词汇综合单选题40题1. When you want to share your daily life with others, you can use a ____.A. websiteB. blogC. appD. browser答案：B。
解析：blog（ 博客）主要是用于个人分享日常生活、观点等内容的平台。
website（网站）概念比较宽泛，它可以包含各种功能和内容，不一定专门用于分享个人日常生活。
app（ 应用程序）是一个比较广泛的概念，虽然有些app可以用于分享生活，但不如blog专门针对这种功能。
browser（ 浏览器）是用来浏览网页等内容的工具，不能直接用于分享生活。
2. You need to download a(n) ____ to your mobile phone if you want to play games on it.A. websiteB. blogC. appD. server答案：C。
解析：app（应用程序）是需要下载到手机上才能使用的软件，游戏软件也是一种app。
website（网站）不能直接下载到手机上进行游戏，它需要通过浏览器访问。
blog（博客）主要是用于分享内容的平台，不是游戏运行的载体。
server（ 服务器）是提供数据等服务的设备，不能下载到手机上玩游戏。
3. If you are looking for some information about travel, which one will you probably visit first?A. A blog written by a travelerB. A game appC. A shopping websiteD. A music website答案：A。
解析：一个旅行者写的博客可能会包含很多旅行相关的信息，比如旅游目的地的体验、攻略等。
game app（游戏应用）主要是关于游戏的，与旅行信息无关。
高清网络视频直播系统（HD network video live broadcast system）HD network video live broadcast systemI. system introductionBlue Beauty video HD network video broadcast system (BroadVision WebTv) support H.264 codec, support, multi screen video broadcast network through the original unified flow slicing time shift, broadcast live back to look at other applications, to support users to watch live via PC, mobile phone, tablet computer, TV and other terminal.The support system of large scale and high quality of network audio and video broadcast applications, a single machine can able to support more than 2000 concurrent streams (500K), support unlimited user extended use, widely used in network television, broadcast live, remote education, enterprise roadshow and public information service applications such as multimedia.Two, system architectureBlue America video HD network video live system supports video camera, satellite TV, cable TV, digital TV and other real-time signal collection, collection, coding, storage and distribution. The system adopts the B/S architecture, and does not need to download the special client program to support the perfect remote WEB management and realize the whole unattended broadcast management.Three 、 system application[] live recording meetings / events: the system for government agencies and large enterprises, universities and other units to organize large-scale meetings / activities to provide flexible video editing program, and through the network to the central server, realize the important meetings and events in internal network live recording.[training]: the internal network system to support the relevant training documents, pictures, video gathering, editing and creating theme free channels, through the network broadcast application support of government agencies, large enterprises to implement internal training of cadres, civil service training and professional training.[online learning exchange]: the system supports the teaching, video, text, pictures and other multimedia content of the unified collection, management and sharing, students through online live broadcast can be real-time online learning, interactive communication.[HD television network broadcast recording]: support system for satellite television, cable television and othermulti-channel TV channels live recording, can be realized in the enterprise, government, universities and other units within the network provide live TV recording applications.Four, system function1 、 collection, coding and managementThe system supports the camera signal, the satellite signals, television signals, audio broadcast real-time signal acquisition, through the H.264 encoding MP4, WMV, FLV generation, TS standard video stream can be set according to the needs of different custom stream size, resolution, frame rate, window size and other configuration parameters.2, regularly included storageAccording to the broadcast form and the customized storage schedule, the timing, storage and publication of the audio and video programs can be completed, and the management of 7 * 24 hours automatic unattended operation can be supported.3 、 network virtual live broadcastThe system supports the creation of multiple network virtual scrolling live channels by flexible combination of existing program material, such as combining each news program into a network news channel by arranging the time broadcast table.4, multi screen live back to seeTV and radio stations to broadcast time column shows the relatively fixed automatic recording, storage and release, in the form of EPG UI has formed the broadcast user review, select the corresponding date or week, you can through the PC, mobile phone, PAD and other terminal broadcast broadcast programs before review.5, multi screen live time shiftWhen the user is watching the live broadcast, the player can drag the button directly through the player to select the rollback, and watch the broadcast program before the time of departure, and will not miss the content that will continue to be played later. The control range of the moving time can be controlled according to the actual situation.6, live channel, EPG managementThe system supports the creation of multiple channel groups, each channel group creating multiple channels at the same time, each channel configured with different streams, encoding, push and pull, ports and protocols. Each channel also supports a variety of signal source arrangement, including input signal, remote database, flow media video files; support for each broadcast channel broadcast, according to the time period of the customized program storage plan, the formation of the broadcast form.Five, the system advantages1, multi model features live broadcast applicationsSystem to support live video, video recording, broadcast live, virtual looking back, live time-lapse mode will be a variety of applications such as satellite programs, TV shows, live video and audio and video resources to collect internal encoding, unified management and publishing application of multimedia content.2 、 adaptive management of multiple streamsThe system has multi stream and terminal adaptive function, for the same audio and video program source, 4K-128K, 128K-256k, - 300K, 500K, 1M, 2M and so on different streams, users watch the live broadcast, the system will be based on the terminal characteristics of different users and the actual network bandwidth can automatically select suitable user bandwidth and bit stream format video playback, video and audio broadcast to ensure the fluency and clarity of the good.3, multi terminal application supportUnified streaming video service technology system to use the blue beauty video of the original H.264 format can be IP streaming video or streaming media files into unified protocol, suitable for different needs of different terminals of different applications and different format video stream flow, in order to effectively support the same video stream or program source PC, mobile phone, tablet in need Internet TV, set-top boxes, different types of adaptive broadcast terminal.4, multi network environment supportThe system supports the Internet, satellite network, network and wireless network (WIFI/3G) and other IP network conditions to realize the acquisition, encoding, storage and release of video resources, supports a wide range of multistage deployment, support the massive user application extension.5, features playerThe system use the blue beauty video features player, support FLV\WMV\MP4\RMVB\TS video streaming format; support full screen, pause, stop, drag, sound regulation, switch lamp operation, you can set the playback ratio of 4:3 or 16:9, support for the adjustment of color saturation and brightness; support the automatic identification of terminal operating system and type to fit the terminal video format different broadcast request response.。
IPTV常用术语中英文对照表AAAC(Advanced Audio Coding)：高级音频编码。
AAC是i-mode 所指定的音档格式，相对于MP3格式，AAC在原音质量和压缩效率上有绝对的优势。
AAC作为MPEG 4与3GPP的核心规格，也是MPEG规格的一部分。
AAC可以真实呈现立体声的高质量原音、更逼近CD音质，且能够达到很高的压缩率，可帮助减少许多储存空间，档案也远比MP3格式来得小。
AAC_LC(Low Complexity AAC)：低复杂度AAC音频编码。
ABR(Average Bit Rate)：平均比特率，一种编码方式，是CBR和VBR编码方式的结合，它支持BR(Bit Reservoir，比特储存)技术，在信息量少的情况下降低比特率，把多余的可用数据量放到Bit Reservoir中储存起来，在信息量大的情况下再从Bit Reservoir中提取出来，这样就在结合了CBR和VBR的优点。
AC3(Audio Coding3)：音频编码3，即杜比数码。
ADSL(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Looper)：非对称数字用户环线。
AGP(Accelerate Graphical Port）：加速图形接口。
AVC(Advanced Video Coding)：MEPG-4 Part10，也称H.264(ITU)。
AVS――AVS(AdvancedAudio-VideoCoding／DecodingStandard)是数字音视频编解码技术标准的英文简称。
AVS标准包括系统、视频、音频、数字版权管理等四个主要技术标准和一致性测试等支撑标准。
其核心是把数字视频和音频数据压缩为原来的几十分之一甚至百分之一以下，试图解决数字音视频海量数据的编码压缩问题，故也称数字音视频编解码技术。
它是数字信息传输、存储、播放等环节的前提，故此AVS成为了数字音视频产业的共性基础标准。
互联网相比于传统媒体的优点英文英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Immense Advantages of the Internet Over Traditional MediaAs a student in today's digital age, I can confidently say that the internet has revolutionized the way we access and consume information. Compared to traditional media outlets like newspapers, magazines, and television, the internet offers a plethora of advantages that have fundamentally transformed our learning experiences and our lives as a whole.First and foremost, the internet provides an unparalleled level of accessibility and convenience. With just a few clicks or taps on our devices, we can instantly access a vast wealth of knowledge from anywhere in the world, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. This level of accessibility was unimaginable in the era of traditional media, where we were limited to the information provided by a select few sources at specific times and locations.Moreover, the internet offers a staggering breadth and depth of information that traditional media simply cannot match.While newspapers and television channels typically cover a limited range of topics, the internet is a boundless repository of knowledge spanning virtually every conceivable subject. Whether we need to research a specific historical event, learn about a complex scientific concept, or explore obscure cultural phenomena, the internet has the answers we seek.Another significant advantage of the internet is its ability to facilitate real-time updates and discussions. Traditional media outlets often lag behind in reporting breaking news or providing timely analysis due to their inherent limitations in production and distribution. In contrast, the internet allows for instantaneous sharing of information, enabling us to stayup-to-date with the latest developments and engage in lively discussions with people from all corners of the globe.Furthermore, the internet has democratized the creation and dissemination of content. In the era of traditional media, the power to influence public discourse was concentrated in the hands of a few major media corporations and journalists. However, the internet has given a voice to everyone, empowering individuals and communities to share their stories, perspectives, and insights with the world. This democratizationof information has fostered greater diversity, inclusivity, and freedom of expression.The interactive nature of the internet is another significant advantage over traditional media. While newspapers, magazines, and television broadcasts are primarily one-way communication channels, the internet allows for two-way interaction and collaboration. We can engage in discussions, share our thoughts and opinions, and contribute to the collective knowledge pool. This interactive aspect has revolutionized the way we learn, enabling us to actively participate in the learning process rather than passively consuming information.Additionally, the internet offers a wealth of multimedia resources that traditional media struggles to match. From video tutorials and interactive simulations to podcasts and virtual reality experiences, the internet provides a rich tapestry of multimedia content that caters to diverse learning styles and preferences. This multisensory approach to learning has proven to be more engaging and effective than the traditionaltext-based or audiovisual formats of the past.Moreover, the internet has opened up new avenues for online education and distance篇2The Advantages of the Internet Over Traditional MediaAs a student in the modern age, the internet has become an indispensable tool for learning, communicating, and accessing information. Compared to traditional media such as newspapers, television, and radio, the internet offers numerous advantages that have revolutionized the way we consume and share knowledge.Accessibility and ConvenienceOne of the most significant advantages of the internet is its accessibility and convenience. Unlike traditional media, which requires physical copies or fixed broadcast times, the internet is available 24/7 from anywhere with an internet connection. This accessibility is particularly valuable for students who often have busy schedules and need to access information at their convenience. Whether it's researching for a paper, accessing online course materials, or collaborating with classmates, the internet provides a level of flexibility that traditional media cannot match.Vast Information RepositoryThe internet is an enormous repository of information on virtually any topic imaginable. From scholarly articles and research papers to encyclopedias and online forums, the internet offers a wealth of knowledge that far surpasses what can be found in traditional media sources. This vast information pool allows students to explore subjects in-depth, gather diverse perspectives, and enrich their understanding of complex topics.Interactive and Participatory NatureTraditional media is primarily a one-way communication channel, where information is disseminated from the source to the audience. In contrast, the internet is inherently interactive and participatory. Students can engage in discussions, share their thoughts and ideas, and collaborate with others worldwide. Online forums, social media platforms, and virtual learning environments provide students with opportunities to learn from their peers, ask questions, and receive feedback in real-time.Multimedia ContentThe internet offers a diverse range of multimedia content, including text, images, videos, and audio. This multimedia approach caters to different learning styles and preferences, making the learning experience more engaging and effective. Students can watch educational videos, listen to podcasts, orexplore interactive simulations, all of which can enhance their understanding of complex concepts.Cost-EffectiveWhile traditional media sources can be expensive, especially when it comes to purchasing textbooks or subscribing to specialized publications, much of the information available on the internet is free or significantly less costly. Thiscost-effectiveness is particularly beneficial for students on tight budgets, allowing them to access a wealth of knowledge without breaking the bank.Personalized LearningThe internet allows for personalized learning experiences tailored to individual needs and preferences. Students can choose from a variety of online courses, tutorials, and educational resources that align with their interests and learning styles. Additionally, many online platforms offer adaptive learning algorithms that adjust the content and pace based on the student's progress and understanding.Global ConnectivityThe internet has truly made the world a global village, enabling students to connect and collaborate with individualsfrom different cultures and backgrounds. This global connectivity not only broadens their horizons but also fosters cross-cultural understanding and prepares them for the increasingly interconnected world we live in.Immediacy of InformationIn today's fast-paced world, the ability to access up-to-date information quickly is crucial. The internet provides immediacy that traditional media often struggles to match. News, updates, and developments are shared in real-time, allowing students to stay informed about current events, scientific breakthroughs, and emerging trends in their fields of study.Despite these numerous advantages, it is important to acknowledge that the internet also presents challenges, such as the proliferation of misinformation, privacy concerns, and the potential for distractions and procrastination. However, with proper guidance and critical thinking skills, students can navigate these challenges and harness the power of the internet to enhance their learning experiences and academic success.In conclusion, the internet offers a wealth of advantages over traditional media for students. Its accessibility, vast information repository, interactive nature, multimedia content, cost-effectiveness, personalized learning opportunities, globalconnectivity, and immediacy of information make it an invaluable resource for modern education. As students, we must embrace the opportunities presented by the internet while remaining mindful of its potential pitfalls, ensuring that we utilize this powerful tool responsibly and effectively in our academic pursuits.篇3The Vast Advantages of the Internet Over Traditional MediaAs a student in the modern age, I can hardly imagine life without the internet. This incredible technology has revolutionized how we access information, communicate, and entertain ourselves. Compared to traditional media forms like television, radio, and print newspapers/magazines, the internet offers vastly superior advantages that have made it an indispensable part of our daily lives.One of the most significant benefits of the internet is the sheer wealth of information available at our fingertips. With just a few keyboard strokes, we can access a virtually limitless repository of knowledge on any topic imaginable. Traditional media sources, on the other hand, are inherently limited in scope and depth due to space or time constraints. For example, anewspaper article or TV news segment can only cover so much detail on a particular subject, whereas the internet allows us to explore a topic as deeply as we desire through countless web pages, academic journals, e-books, and multimedia resources.Furthermore, the internet provides a level of immediacy and real-time updates that traditional media simply cannot match. News stories, breaking events, and cultural trends spread across the web in an instant, allowing us to stay informed and engaged with the world around us as it happens. In contrast, newspapers are published daily (or weekly for some), TV news programs air at scheduled times, and magazines are typically monthly publications – all of which pale in comparison to the internet's ability to deliver instantaneous information.Another key advantage of the internet is its interactive and participatory nature. Social media platforms, online forums, and comment sections enable us to actively engage with content, share our thoughts and opinions, and connect with others from diverse backgrounds. This two-way communication fosters a sense of community, facilitates the exchange of ideas, and empowers us to be more than just passive consumers of information. Traditional media, on the other hand, is largely a one-way street, with audiences simply receiving pre-packagedcontent without the ability to directly interact or provide feedback in real-time.Moreover, the internet has democratized content creation and distribution like never before. Thanks to platforms like blogs, YouTube, and podcasts, anyone with an internet connection can become a publisher or broadcaster, sharing their ideas, creativity, and perspectives with a global audience. This has given rise to a diverse array of voices and perspectives that challenge the traditional gatekeepers of mass media. In the past, getting one's work published or aired on TV/radio was a privilege reserved for a select few who had to go through stringent vetting processes and adhere to corporate agendas. The internet has shattered those barriers, empowering individuals to tell their stories and amplify their voices without the constraints imposed by traditional media outlets.From an educational standpoint, the internet has proven to be an invaluable resource for students like myself. Online courses, educational videos, virtual。
INTERNET OVER DIGITAL VIDEO BROADCAST: PERFORMANCEISSUESHakan YılmazTÜBİTAK Marmara Research Center Information Technologies Research InstituteKocaeli, Turkeyhy@.trBülent SankurBoğaziçi University Department of Electrical and Electronics Engr.Istanbul, Turkeysankur@.trAbstractDigital Video Broadcasting (DVB) defines the carriage of multimedia information to clients by means of MPEG-2 Transport Streams (TS). Within MPEG-2 transport stream, it is also possible to carry defined data containers that can be used to realize new data services or to carry IP datagrams. In this paper, we analyze this for carrying best-effort IP traffic within the prioritized video traffic. We investigate the statistical properties of the traffic under different network resource configurations, i.e., bottleneck bandwidth, buffer size, and different traffic characteristics, i.e., self-similarity (Hurst parameter).Keywords: Self-similar traffic, Hurst parameter, IP over DVB, throughput, delay, drop rate1. INTRODUCTIONIn this work we investigate the potential of a Digital Video Broadcast (DVB) [1] system, which is normally used for television programs, as an alternative Internet access scheme. In this scenario the consumer uses his set-top box and TV screen interactively both to decode and watch TV programs and/or to be connected to the Internet. The DVB system is based on the cell-oriented packet transmission system, where the MPEG-2 Systems Standard provides the means of multiplexing several types of multimedia information into one Transport Stream (TS). The variable-bit-rate (VBR) video compression causes a bursty traffic [2,3], which requires allocation of considerably larger bandwidth to satisfy delay and bit-error-rate (BER) requirements of DVB. MPEG-2 TS also allows for data containers in addition to the audio and video data containers, on which new data services can be implemented or simply IP datagrams can be carried.An important feature of video traffic at the packet level, which has significant impact on performance, is its temporal correlation or its self-similar characteristics [2,3]. Specifically, “bursts of data” generated by VBR compressed video is the main cause of long-range dependence in time and hence of the self-similar traffic [4]. Such self-similar traffic is encountered in both LAN and WAN environments, for http traffic [5] and can persist across several protocol layers. The studies on the impact of self-similarity on network performance [6] have shown that network performance degrades gradually with increased heavy-tailedness while queuing delay and response time deteriorate more drastically. To mitigate performance losses one can adjust the network resources, such as increasing link bandwidth and buffer capacity, which tend to improve the performance in a superlinear (i.e., logarithmic) fashion. This is an indication that optimal resource allocation plays an important role in achieving the desired Quality of Service (QoS).Section 2 of this paper describes the system architecture of the Internet-over-DVB scheme and the simulation setup. In Section 3 the simulation results are illustrated and their interpretation toward the engineering of the Internet access link is given.2. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE and SIMULATION SETUPMultimedia and web-based applications are characterized by highly asymmetrical traffic patterns, where considerably more data is received at the end-user station than what originates there. For these types of services, a configuration where the satellite provides a broadband delivery network with a complementary terrestrial Internet interaction back-channel offers a good alternative. In the Internet over DVB, the forward link is a broadband simplex channel with receive-only characteristics as seen by the client station, and it serves as the delivery channel. While the return network provides point-to-point links, the forward channel has broadcast characteristics [7].Figure 2b. The Internet over DVB scenarioWe simulate a network architecture using the UCB/LBNL network simulator NS [8]. Our network configuration that consists of 67 nodes and 66 links, is depicted in Fig. 1a. Each output link has a buffer, a link bandwidth, and an amount of latency associated with it. In this figure, S1 - S64 represent the server nodes C1 denotes the client node, V1 represents the VBR video source node, and finally G1 indicates the satellite gateway. The link between the satellite gateway and the client is formed by a unidirectional satellite downlink and a terrestrial interaction uplink. Although only C1 seems to be connected to the satellite link, in fact the traffic on this link is the aggregated traffic from servers to various clients, of which only one is shown. The properties of this link are set as follows: a) Non-bottleneck links, which are the uplinks between the servers and the satellite gateway, are set at 1 Mbps (duplex) and the latency of each link is set to 15 ms, to account for transmission, propagation and queuing delay. b) The VBR video server is connected to the satellite gateway via a simplex uplink of 20 Mbps bandwidth and 1 ms propagation delay. c) Uplink from the client to the gateway/server site is provided by means of a simplex link with 28.8 kbps bandwidth and 30 ms propagation delay. d) The downlink between the satellite gateway and theclient, which figures as the bottleneck link in our configuration, has 280 ms propagation delay. Thebandwidth of the satellite link is parametrically varied in different simulations.Internet Traffic: Differently seeded/independent Pareto on/off sources have been used tosimulate Internet server nodes. In these nodes inter-request times (idle time/off time) from theservers are drawn from a Pareto distribution while each server node possesses a Pareto-like file size(burst time/on time) distribution. Each file, however, is split into segments before transmissionwhere, according to the DVB specifications, the maximum segment size is taken as 200 bytes. The shape parameter αof the Pareto on/off sources is parametrically varied in order to obtain traffic at different levels of self-similarity in simulations. The location parameter k of the Pareto on/off sources is adjusted meanwhile to guarantee the same mean rate at different α (α : 1.95, 1.65, 1.35,1.05) shape values. The mean rate of the Pareto on/off sources has been calculated as 426 kbps forthe aggregated traffic at the input of the satellite gateway. Meanwhile the self-similarity index H forthe mentioned shape values is estimated using the Whittle estimator as: H: 0.65, 0.74, 0.84, 0.90,respectively.Video Traffic: Both actual video trace files and synthesized traces have been used to simulateVBR video traffic. The trace file of MPEG-1 coded “Star Wars” movie, coded by Mark Garrett(Bellcore) [3], has been used in most of our simulations. Some simulations have been repeated withtrace file of MPEG-4 coded “Jurassic Park” movie for consistency check. Both trace files have beentested for self-similarity using the R/S plot method and Whittle estimator method. The Hurstparameter for Star Wars trace and Jurassic Park trace were, respectively, estimated as 0.9989 and 0.75. Finally the mean bit rate of Star Wars and Jurassic Park traces were calculated as 365 kbps and 783 kbps.Compound Traffic: Packets from VBR video source and Pareto on/off (Internet) sources are aggregated on the gateway node to constitute the compound traffic. Class Based Queuing (CBQ) is implemented on the gateway so that video traffic is prioritized. Consequently Internet packets are carried on the available bit rate (ABR) or unspecified bit rate (UBR) left over from the VBR video traffic but without affecting the video traffic. The buffer size for the queue is varied on different simulations to analyze its impact.Methodology: Simulations are run for 10200 seconds. The first 2000 seconds interval is ignored to capture only the steady-state performance of the system. Simulations with the Star Wars video trace have shown that this trace requires either very large buffers or high link bandwidth to satisfy the loss rate requirements for MPEG video. We tried to establish the minimum effective bandwidth over which this video could be carried within the delay variation and bit error rate specifications. For broadcast quality real-time video these bounds are specified as 100 ms delay variation and 10-5 bit error rate [9]. A simple calculation proves that these bounds are met when a buffer size of 100 packets and a link with minimum ~800 kbps bandwidth is used. This configuration is used as a baseline for other simulations presented in this paper. Two transmission protocols, respectively connection-oriented and connectionless, are used. To see the effect of self-similarity at source level, an open-loop greedy connectionless transport protocol (User Datagram Protocol: UDP) is used. On the other hand, as a case of connection-oriented transport protocol, TCP Reno, as being the mostwidely used transmission protocol on the Internet today, is used as our common benchmark protocol.3. ENGINEERING OF THE INTERNET ACCESSThe two resources considered are the channel bandwidth (the downlink from satellite gateway to the client) and the buffer capacity on the gateway. The parameters are the traffic shape as determined by its self-similarity measure, i.e., the Hurst parameter. Finally the performance parameters we investigate are the packet loss probability and the queuing delay.Effect of Self-Similarity: To capture the effect of Internet traffic self-similarity on network performance at source level, UDP-based transmission driven by a greedy transport agent is used and the shape parameters of Pareto on/off sources are varied. When Internet traffic is transferred on UDP via a bottleneck link, without video traffic, with link bandwidth equal to the mean-rate of Internet traffic sources, i.e., 427 kbps (lower group of curves), Internet packet drop rate increases with Hurst parameter. Then the compound traffic (prioritized video traffic + Internet traffic) is transferred, when the bottleneck link bandwidth is set to 792 kbps (365 kbps + 427 kbps), which is the sum of the mean rates of video and Internet traffic. In this case, the drop rate curves suggest that the best-effort traffic is desensitized to the self-similarity measure of the Internet traffic when the latter is carried in the presence of prioritized self-similar video traffic.Similarly we use Reno TCP to evaluate the effect of self-similarity when the transport layer implements reliable communication with congestion control. Fig. 2a depicts the reliable throughput of TCP without video traffic on a bottleneck link channel of 427 kbps. These curves indicate that the effect of short-range statistics become manifest in larger buffer configurations where a gradual drop can be seen with increasing values of the H parameter. On the other hand a smaller buffer is easily filled up even at low self-similarity levels. Fig. 2b depicts TCP traffic average queuing delay for packets that have not been dropped. This figure suggests that self-similarity at application/source level is directly transferred to the lower layers, which is then seen in the transport and network layers.Effect of Bottleneck Link Buffer Capacity: Fig. 3a presents the reliable throughput of TCP Internet traffic versus bottleneck link bandwidth for different self-similarity index values (H: 0.65, 0.74, 0.84, 0.90). Packet queuing delay for the network configuration is presented in Fig. 3b. The TCP throughput achieves the mean Internet source rate above a critical buffer size for any degree of self-similarity. This “nice” performance plateau comes, however, only at the cost of excessive queuing delay. As seen in Fig. 3b, for small H values, average queuing delay, as representative of mean queue length, follows a sublinear, roughly logarithmic dependence on buffer capacity. Whereas for large H values close to one, the dependence of queuing delay becomes linear, that is the highly fractal traffic finds always a means to fill up any size buffer.Effect of Bottleneck Link Bandwidth: We evaluate the effect of bottleneck link bandwidth on network performance by conducting simulations over different bottleneck link bandwidth values. Fig. 4a and 4b illustrate the best-effort traffic reliable throughput and the concomitant delay of Internet packets in the presence of Star Wars video traffic. Performance differences between different H valued Internet traffic classes is minimal. Two important remarks at this moment are as follows: First one can observe that the bandwidth resource has a much more critical impact on the viability of the Internet access link over DVB as compared to the buffer resource. Second, thebandwidth required to guarantee satisfactory Internet access performance on a Class Based Queuing system still remains somewhat above the mean traffic rate, with provisioning of an adequate buffer capacity. For instance, the Star Wars sequence plus the Internet traffic add up to a bit rate of 792 Kbps, while the bandwidth for a low delay – high throughput scheme necessitates about 1 Mbps.4. CONCLUSIONWe have shown by means of simulation analyses that the MPEG pipe in the VBR context provides a viable Internet access scheme provided the system is judiciously dimensioned. Compressed video, due to its self-similar nature, requires more bandwidth than its mean rate. This extra bandwidth is not in service, however, all the time and it is fully utilized to accommodate bursts of traffic. The potentially “wasted” excess bandwidth can be used to implement best-effort IP services. We have remarked that, even when the Hurst parameter is 0.99, prioritized video requires about 120% more bandwidth than its mean traffic rate. The Internet traffic, transported via TCP, can be nicely fitted into this excess bandwidth. Thus the two traffic streams, that is, the prioritized video and the background Internet, can be transmitted over the same link within the bandwidth that solely video traffic would have demanded. Notice that Star Wars, represents very severe network conditions. In reality most video programs, such as news, exhibit much lower burstiness, implying that the proposed Internet-over-DVB scheme should perform even better.In the final analysis of a network design, we can conclude that when the source traffic is susceptible of long-range dependence, increasing buffer capacity alone is ineffective since it carries a significant queuing delay penalty while improving on packet losses only gradually. A bandwidth-driven network resource allocation policy is more effective since it improves both throughput and queuing delay.5. References1. EBU/ETSI, "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Implementation guidelines for the use of MPEG-2Systems, Video and Audio in satellite, cable and terrestrial broadcasting applications", ETR 154, September 1997.2. Beran, J., R. Sherman, M. S. Taqqu and W. Willinger. “Long-Range Dependence in Variable-Bit-RateVideo Traffic”, IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol.43, pp.1566-1579, 1995.3. Garrett, M. W. and W. Willinger, “Analysis, modeling and generation of self-similar VBR video traffic”,Proceedings of the ACM Sigcomm '94, pp. 269-280, 1994.4. Leland, W. E., M. S. Taqqu, W. Willinger and D. V. Wilson, “On the self-similar nature of Ethernettraffic (Extended version)”, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, Vol.2, pp.1-15, 1994.5. Crovella, M. E. and A. Bestavros, “Self-Similarity in World Wide Web Traffic: Evidence and PossibleCauses”, Proceedings of the 1996 ACM SIGMETRICS, International Conference on Measurement and Modeling of Computer Systems, May 1996.6. Şahinoğlu, Z. and Ş. Tekinay, “On Multimedia Networks: Self-Similar Traffic and NetworkPerformance”, IEEE Communications Magazine, pp.48-52, January 1999.7. Clausen, H. D., H. Linder and B. Collini-Nocker, “Internet over Direct Broadcast Satellites”, IEEECommunications Magazine, pp. 146-1518.9.Multimedia: Applications and Technology, Prentice Hall, 1995.0.380.3850.390.3950.40.4050.410.4150.420.4250.43T h r o u g h p u t [M b p s ]Hurst ParameterInternet Traffic Throughput: BW 427 kbpsFigure 2a. TCP traffic reliable throughput with novideo traffic present (Bottleneck link buffer size, packets: 100, 200, 350, 500, 750, 1000, 2000)0500100015002000250030003500400045005000Q u e u i n g D e l a y [m s ]Hurst ParameterInternet Traffic Queuing Delay: BW 427 kbpsFigure 2b. TCP traffic queuing delay without video traffic (Bottleneck link buffer size, packets:100, 200, 350, 500, 750, 1000, 2000). 0.380.3850.390.3950.40.4050.410.4150.420.4250.430500100015002000T h r o u g h p u t [M b p s ]Buffer Size [Packets]Internet Traffic Throughput: BW 427 kbpsHurst 0.650.740.840.90Fig. 3a. TCP traffic reliable throughput with no video traffic present (Hurst parameter, H : 0.65, 0.74, 0.84, 0.90 05001000150020002500300035004000450050000500100015002000Q u e u i n g D e l a y [m s ]Buffer Size [Packets]Internet Traffic Queuing Delay: BW 427 kbpsHurst0.650.740.840.90Fig. 3b. TCP traffic average queuing delay with no video traffic present (Hurst parameter, H : 0.65, 0.74, 0.84, 0.90)0.050.10.150.20.250.30.350.400.511.522.5T h r o u g h p u t [M b p s ]Bandwidth [Mbps]Internet Traffic ThroughputHurst 0.650.740.840.90Fig. 4a. TCP traffic reliable throughput in the presence of Star Wars video traffic (Buffer: 350 packets, Hurst parameter, H : 0.65, 0.74, 0.84, 0.90) 050010001500200025003000350040004500500000.511.52 2.5Q u e u i n g D e l a y [m s ]Bandwidth [Mbps]Internet Traffic Queuing DelayHurst0.650.740.840.90Fig. 4b. TCP traffic average queuing delay in the presence of Star Wars traffic (Buffer: 350 packets, Hurst parameter, H : 0.65, 0.74, 0.84, 0.90)。
