2019高考英语北师大版二轮练习iiiunit9精练详析

北师大版（2019）高中英语必修第三册Unit 9 Learning单元能力提升测试卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AI was taking in the breathtaking view at the top of Sydney Harbour Bridge when I sensed I was about to witness something even more dramatic right in front of me. Although we were all tied to lines running along the steel girders, a fellow climber called Mike had somehow managed to drop to one knee and turn to face his girlfriend, Wendy. I knew what was coming. "Wendy, will you marry me?" he asked. There was a quick smile and an attempted kiss and then a big beam. Mike had the answer he hoped for and all of us burst into a round of applause.Apparently more than 2,000 couples have become engaged at the summit since 1998, when it became possible to climb it in organised tour groups. The bridge, perhaps the most recognised symbol of this beautiful city, opened in 1932. It's still the world's largest steel-arch bridge.We returned to the fantastic view; the famous Sydney Opera House, ferries and sailboats making their way through the harbour, the city skyline—but I had to force myself to look down. We had climbed 1,423 steps to the top of the bridge and I didn't know whether to be delighted or scared.Nicole Kidman has done it. So have Bruce Springsteen, Prince Harry and scores of other celebrities. But climbing to the top clearly isn't just for the rich and the famous. On the contrary , Australian youngsters do it to celebrate their 12th birthdays. (You have to be at least 12 years old to do the climb.) A 100-year-old woman climbed it and told guides it was on her list of things to do before death.You can climb during the day, at twilight, or even after dark with headlamps. People climb in all weathers except when there's lightning in the area. In fact, over two million people have made the three-and-a-half-hour climb to the top of the famous bridge—an adventure that cannot be done anywhere else in the world on a bridge this big. That's probably why this climb has won a lot of tourism awards. Today, the climb is firmly on the "to-do list" for locals as well as tourists.1.What can we learn about the bridge?A.Getting engaged on the bridge is quite rare.B.People climb the bridge at climbers' age.C.There are no limitations on climbers' age.D.Many famous people have done the climb.2.How did the author feel when he climbed to the top of the bridge?A.Bored and tired.B.Fearful and confused.C.Excited and nervous.D.Relieved and relaxed.3.What is the author's purpose of writing the passage?A.To introduce the popularity of the bridge.B.To emphasise the importance of the bridge.C.To explain the functions of the bridge.D.To describe the fantastic view from the bridge.BWe can achieve knowledge either actively or passively. We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. We are used to passive learning, and it's not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers. Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumour.Did you ever play the game Rumour? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn't show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original message has changed.That's what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen to improve on it, stamping(打上标记) it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be restated as fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.1.According to the passage, what situation may passive learning occur in?A.Doing a medical experiment.B.Solving a math problem.C.Visiting an exhibition.D.Doing scientific reasoning.2.What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.Active learning.B.Knowledge.munication.D.Passive learning.3.Why does the author mention the game Rumour?A.To show that a message may be changed when being passed on.B.To show that a message should be delivered in different ways.C.To show that people may have problems with their sense of hearing.D.To show that people tend not to believe in what they know as rumour.4.What can we infer from the passage?A.Active learning is less important.B.Passive learning may not be reliable.C.Active learning occurs more frequently.D.Passive learning is not found among scholars.CBelieve it or not, the size of the human brain has become smaller over the past 20,000 years. Scientists argue over whether this means we are becoming more or less intelligent as a species."I'd call that major downsizing in an evolutionary eye blink (眨眼)," John Hawks told Discover magazine.Why is the brain becoming smaller?There are different theories to explain it. One is that tens of thousands of years ago, to survive in cold and dangerous conditions, humans needed a stronger and larger body and therefore, a larger head. Also they had to chew the tough meat of rabbits, foxes and horses. As conditions improved, the brain stopped growing, according to supporters of this theory.Another theory comes from a recent study by David Geary and Drew Bailey. They found that brain size decreased as population density (密度) increased."As complex societies appeared, the brain became smaller because people did not have to be that smart to stay alive," Geary told AFP(法新社).But smaller brain size does not necessarily mean that modem humans are less smart than their ancestors. "Modem humans simply developed different, more complex forms of intelligence," said Brian Hare.Hare's studies focus on two types of great apes: chimpanzees and bonobos. Both are much like humans, but are physically quite different from one another. The bonobo has a smaller brain than the chimpanzee, and is also much less aggressive and more tolerant."When it comes to working out a problem," Hare said, "chimpanzees are much less likely to accomplish it if it involves working together. Not so with bonobos.""The smaller brain in modern humans may be evidence that we can cooperate," Hare told the US National Public Radio.1.Which of the following words can be used to replace the underlined word in Paragraph 2?A.Speed.B.Increase.C.Decline.D.Change.2.We can learn from the passage that ____________.A.the size of human brain has something to do with many factorsB.the brain size increases because of the increase of population densityC.the abilities of bonobos and chimpanzees are almost the sameD.modern humans can certainly do teamwork better than other species3.According to Brian Hare, _____________.A.bonobos are much likely to cooperate better than chimpanzeesB.chimpanzees tend to work well with othersC.modern humans are less smart than their ancestorsD.small brains are certainly connected with intelligent beings4.Which of following is probably the best title of the passage?A.Bonobos or Chimpanzees—Which Is Smarter?B.Smaller Brain—Less Intelligent?C.Human Beings or Animals—Who Is More Intelligent?D.Human Brains?DThere is a popular saying in the English language: "Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me." Well, that is not true. Unkind words, name-calling or even the so-called "the silent treatment" can hurt children as much as being physically hit, sometimes even more so.A recent study of middle school children showed that verbal(言语的) abuse by other children can harm development in the brain. The study was a project of researchers at Harvard Medical School in Massachusetts. Researcher Martin Teicher and his team studied young adults, aged 18 to 25. These young men and women had not ever been treated in a cruel or violent way by their parents. The researchers asked the young people to rate their childhood exposure to verbal abuse from both parents and other children. Then the researchers performed imaging tests on the brains of the subjects.The images showed that the people who reported suffering verbal abuse from peers in middle school had underdeveloped connections between the left and right side of the brain. The two sides of the brain are connected by a large bundle of connecting fibers called the corpus callosum(胼胝体). This was the area that was underdeveloped.The middle school years are a time when these brain connections are developing. So, unkind, hurtful comments from children or adults during this period have the biggest effect. The researchers tested the mental and emotional condition of all the young people in the study. The tests showed that this same group of people had higher levels of fear, depression, anger and drug abuse than others in the study.The researchers published their findings online on the American Journal of Psychiatry's website.Parents cannot control what other people say to their children, but they can prepare their children.1.Why does the author use the popular saying at the beginning?A.To show the power of words.B.To introduce an opposite view.C.To prove the author's argument.D.To show ancient people's wisdom.2.What did the subjects have in common?A.They were hurt by unkind words.B.They performed poorly in imaging tests.C.They had their brain slightly damaged.D.They experienced no physical abuse at home.3.What will be discussed in the next paragraph?ments on the findings.B.Approaches to further studies.C.Suggestions to parents.D.Different opinions on the matter.4.What is the main idea of the passage?A.The way we speak matters.B.Verbal violence should be stopped.C.Unkind words hurt the brain.D.Words are worse than sticks and stones.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

Unit 9 Wheels课时练1 阅读理解提速练[学生用书P273(单独成册)]Ⅰ阅读理解A(2019·济南5月高考针对性练习)Lions are the top tourist attraction to Kenya and also considered critically endangered. One of the main causes of their death is that people kill them in return f or lions attacking their cows. “We put our cows in a small cow shelter at night，” locals said, “and that’s when the trouble would start. Lions w ould jump in the shelter and kill the cows.”There have been a lot of efforts to try to protect the lions, but they are in crisis and everyone is looking for a solution. One idea was land tenancy(租用)，and another was lion­proof fences. However, no one even knew that Richard Turere, a 13­year­old Maasai from Kenya, had already come up with something that worked.One night Richard was walking around with a flashlight and discovered the lions were scared of a moving light. An idea was born. Three weeks later, Richard invented a system of lights that flash around the cow shelter, mimicking a human walking around with a flashlight. His system is made from broken flashlight parts and an indicator box from a motorcycle. “The only thing I bought was a solar panel(太阳能电池板), which charges a battery that supplies power to the lights at night，” Richard says. He calls the system Lion Lights.His simple solution was so successful. His neighbors heard about it and wanted Lion Lights too. He put in the lights for them. From there, the lights spread and are now being used all around Kenya. Someone in India is trying them out for tigers. In Zambia and Tanzania they’re being used as well.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

Unit 9 LearningSectionⅠTopicTalk&Lesson1ActiveLearning一、复习本部分的词汇,写出画线部分的汉语意思1.—I’m afraid that the girl is unlikely to get the job. —Why?—She was too nervous and rude.In short,she has made a bad impression on the interviewer.2.—He made a plan that was based on the data.—So he did.But he ignored some facts.3.—There ee dinosaurs on the Earth long ago.However,they ended up dying out.—So we should take good care of the species on the Earth.4.—Why was Lucy promoted last month?—She could work out some hard problems.She could make some flexible plans.In short,she was excellent and a good partner.二、用适当的介/副词填空1.Have you found an approach solving the problem yet?2.Look!The couple are arguing their son’s education.3.Basing some information,he found a good solution to the problem.4.The houses the heart of the city are quite ean is helpful and patient. short,he’s very good.6.You’d move the old table,for it is the way.7.Why are you so sad? all,it’s not your fault.8.The young man decided to find who had helped his mother.三、用所给单词的适当形式填空1.They attempted (take) over the company,but failed.2.I don’t understand why you are always (argue) with your parents.3.The man ended up (spend) the night in the airport.4.To get (promote),they are working very hard.5.What (impress) will you leave on your boss?6.It is clear that the old man is (ignore) of the fact.7.It is the only copy of the book that is still in (exist).四、完成句子1.你要那块蛋糕吗?不然我就要了。

姓名，年级：时间：课后限时作业(九)[语言知识练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．There are powerful arguments（argue） in favour of my idea。

2．Some patients actually(actual） got worse after receiving the treatment.3．I am very hopeful（hope） that we will be able to reach an agreement.4．It was thanks to your stupidity that we lost the game.5．Her friend I referred to just now was arrested for robbery.6．Learning English is of great benefit to your future job.7．I am fed up with living with a man of this kind。

8．You can arrange it at your convenience.9．We’re always arguing with each other about money.10．We have been seeing（see)each other quite often recently。

11．The flight had to be called off in consequence of the heavy rain.12．The whole community will benefit from the new hospital.Ⅱ。

课文语法填空In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with an idea 1。

that it would be better for everybody if cars were not allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were. It could contribute to 2。

Unit 9WheelsⅠ.单句语法填空1．China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals for ____________ benefit of all its citizens.答案：the2．The children are arguing with their parents ____________ where to spend their summer holiday.答案：about/over3．A large number of story­books ____________(buy) for the little children in the last two years.答案：have been bought4．____________(occupy) with routine office tasks，she had no time to attend to her children.答案：Occupied5．The woman is not content ____________(stay) at home taking care of the children；she is eager to work.答案：to stay6．The survey shows that the number of students ____________(addict) to computer games is going up again.答案：addicted7．The escaped prisoner got ____________(arrest) immediately he turned up at the railway station again.答案：arrested8．Any help from you will be greatly appreciated.Please give me a reply at your earliest ____________(convenient)．答案：convenience9．____________(feed) up with his lies，the girl won’t believe what he says any longer.答案：Fed10．It helps children to develop an ____________(appreciate) of poetry and literature.答案：appreciationⅡ.阅读理解(2019·山东滕州二中高三模拟)As I grew older，my dad and I grew furtherapart.We always had totally different opinions.He thought that college was a waste of time，but for me it was important to finish college.He wanted me to work my way to the top as he had done in hisfield，but I wanted a different life.There was a time when we did not talk with each other.A few months ago，I heard that my 84­year­old dad was in poor health.When he called and asked whether I could move from Colorado back to Tennessee to help him，I knew he was seriously ill.I am his only child and so it was time to meet my father’s requirement.Two weeks after moving back，we bought a boat and started fishing again.Fishing was one of the few things that we did while I was young and that we both enjoyed.It is strange but true that as we are fishing we are able to put things that have kept us apart for so many years behind us.We are able to talk about things that we have never talked about before.Fishing has been healing the old wounds that have kept us apart.It is not important how many fish we catch.It is about enjoying the relationship that we have not had for years.I’m 62 and he is 84.When we are on the lake fishing，it is like enjoying life.It is far better to find a way to put the unhappy past behind.I am so lucky to spend the happy time with my father in his last years.Now my heart is filled with love.A smile always graces my lips.【文章大意】本文讲述的是以前我和父亲之间因为对很多问题的看法不一致而导致越来越疏远，现在钓鱼给我们提供了这样的一个机会，让我们可以进行很多的交流，从而更好地理解了彼此。

Unit 9 Wheels李仕才一、If you have a chance to go to Finland，you will probably be surprised to find how “foolish” the Finnish people are.Take the taxi drivers for example.Taxis in Finland are mostly high­class Benz with a fare of two US dollars a kilometer.You can go anywhere in one，tell the driver to drop you at any place，say that you have some business to attend to，and then walk off without paying your fare.The driver would not show the least signs of anxiety.The dining rooms in all big hotels not only serve their guests，but also serve outside diners.Hotel guests have their meals free，so they naturally go to the free dining rooms to have their meals.The most they would do to show their good faith is to wave their registration cards to the waiter.With such a loose check，you can easily use any old registration card to take a couple of friends to dine free of charge.The Finnish workers are paid by the hour.They are very much on their own as soon as they have agreed with the boss at the rate.From then on they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly.With so many loopholes(漏洞) in everyday life, surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take “petty_advantages”．But the strange thing is that all the taxi passengers would always come back to pay their fares after they have attended to their business and that not a single outsider has ever been found in the free hotel dining rooms.And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in.As the Finns always act on good faith in everything they do，living in such a society has turned everyone into a real “gentleman”．1．The underlined words in Paragraph 5 means to “________”．A．be ready to help othersB．make good use of one's friendsC．be a little ahead of othersD．gain something at other's expense2．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A．While taking a taxi in Finland，you can get off without first paying your fare.B．In a big hotel in Finland, you can enjoy free meals if you're living in the hotel.C．The bosses in Finland pay the employees according to the registration of their working hours.D．The workers are always honest with their working hours.3．We can learn from the passage that ________.A．the Finnish society is of very high moral(道德的)levelB．there are many loopholes in everyday life in FinlandC．in Finland，most taxi drivers will not charge you anythingD．everyone in Finland is like a gentleman，for they have faith in themselves 4．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A．Life in FinlandB．A Society with “Foolish” PeopleC．What a LifeD．Honest accounts of the Finns【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要通过一些例子，介绍了芬兰人的诚实，并且诚实让他们成为真正的“绅士”。

姓名，年级：时间：第九单元检测（时间：100分钟满分：120分）第一部分:阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

AMark Twain，the famous American writer，was once travelling in France。

He went by train to Dijon。

He was very tired and wanted to sleep。

He therefore asked the conductor to wake him up when the train came to Dijon。

But first he explained he was a very heavy sleeper,“I may possibly protest(抗议)loudly when you try to wake me up，” he said to the conductor。

“But don’t take any notice of what I say。

Just put me off the train anyway。

"Then Mark Twain went to ter,when he woke up it was night time and the train had reached Paris already.He realised at once that the conductor had forgotten to wake him up at Dijon。

He was so angry that he ran to the conductor and began to shout at him.“I have never been so angry in my life," Mark Twain said。

Unit 9 单元测试一、阅读理解AIt is the season for long lines and frayed nerves. Here’s how to deal.Lighten upDo yourself a favor and ship your presents. Nearly every U.S. airline charges a fee to check a bag, so shipping gifts is now cheaper and more convenient than carrying them in your luggage.Weigh your optionsNow knowing what you’re going to pay for your luggage is annoying. So calculate your overweight-luggage fees at home. You can find the fees out in advance by visiting new site Luggage Limits, which provides the latest information on more than 90 airlines.Leave amateurs in the dustTrust us and get to the airport an extra half-hour early. The check-in and security lines are filled with inexperienced fliers, and it’s a hard walking. Plus, if you decide to cut it close, you may not get onto the flight at all. To reduce costs, airlines have reduced on flights and routes. The remaining flights are more likely to be oversold, especially on busy travel days. Fliers who check in early are the least likely to get bumped from oversold flights.Take it publicThe rates for renting a car at the airport have more than doubled over the past year because rental lot inventories (财产) have increased dramatically. True, renting at the airport is convenient, but it’s just not worth it anymore. Unless you really need a car, take public transportation, hop a cab, or beg a friend to pick you up at the airport instead.Say no to bumper carsTell the people picking you up to avoid parking their car. They can hang out in their car for free while waiting to get a call from you when you land. Many airports, including JFK and LAX, now feature this sensible choice.1. Airlines have reduced flights to ________.A. lower the costB. deal with crisisC. reduce the time for leaveD. provide more job chances2. We can learn from the passage that ________.A. many airports like JFK provides free parking serviceB. shipping presents is more expensive than carrying them in luggageC. taking a cab at the airport is less expensive than renting a carD. Luggage Limits can give a discount on overweight luggage fees3. What’s the best title for the passage?A. Cars at the AirportB. Good Seasons for FlightC. How to Board a FlightD. 5 Ways to Survive a Holiday Flight.BIt was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinction. Each class had unique characteristics.In recent years, many writers have begun to speak the “decline of class” and “classless society” in Britain. And in modern day consumer society everyone is considered to be middle class.But pronouncing the death of class is too early. A recent wide-ranging society of public opinion found 90 percent of people still placing themselves in particular class; 73 percent agreed that class was still a vital part of British society; and 52 percent thought there were still sharp class differences. Thus, class may not be culturally and politically obvious, yet it remains an important part of British society. Britain seems to have a love of stratification.One unchanging aspect of a British person’s class position is accent. The words a person speaks tell her or his class. A study of British accents during 1970s found that a voice sounding like a BBC newsreader was viewed as the most attractive voice. Most people said this accent sounded “educated” and “soft”. The accents placed at the bottom in this study, on the other hand, were regional city accents. These accents were seen as “common” and “ugly”. However, a similar study of British accents in the US turned these results upside down and placed some regional accents as the most attractive and BBC English as the least. This suggests that British attitudes towards accent have deep roots and are based on class prejudice.In recent years, however, young upper middle-class people in London, have begun to adopt some regional accents, in order to hide their class origins. This is an indication of class becoming unnoticed. However, the 1995 pop song “Common People” puts forward the view that though a middle-class person may “want to live like common people” they can never appreciate the reality of a working-class life.4. A recent study of public opinion shows that in modern Britain ________.A. people regard themselves socially differentB. most people belong to middle classC. it is easy to recognize a person’s classD. it is time to end class distinction5. The word “stratification” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________.A. varietyB. qualificationC. authorityD. division6. British attitudes towards accent ________.A. are based on regional statusB. have a long traditionC. are shared by the AmericansD. have changed in recent years7. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The middle class is expandingB. A person’s accent reflects his classC. Class is a key part of British societyD. Each class has unique characteristics.二、语法填空The term “extreme sports”, which we might have seen on a magazine or a website, 1 (be) becoming more and more common as the concept of extreme sports gains 2 (popular). But what are extreme sports on earth?During the 1970s and 1980s, the term was used for sports with high risks 3 (involve). Today, however, the sports also include activities that give a feeling of adventure without 4 (necessary) putting a participant’s life in danger. For every extreme sport, there is professional equipment that has been developed 5 (protect) your body,improve your performance and give you 6 advantage in the competition.Extreme sports cover a wide range. Some 7 (develop) from familiar activities so far, like mountain biking, climbing and drag race. Some may not be well known. For instance, bouldering is a kind of rock climbing 8 no rope is used. 9 usually takes place in an area with large rocks or in climbing center.Nowadays, such sports have become more popular 10 young people all over the world than ever before.三、单句改错1. Selling newspapers not only makes some money but also give us some working experience during the summer vacation.2. To deliver newspapers are a tiring job.3. It is he who study very hard.4. The rest of the trees was cut down.5. The day we have been looking forward to having come at last.6. The number of the guests invited to the party are 100.7. The wounded in the earthquake was sent to the hospital.8. Tom, as well as his children, are to visit Beijing this summer.9. Either of the sides of the street are lined with the tall trees.10. Here “you” are used as a noun.Unit 9 单元测试答案解析一、1.【答案】A【解析】根据Leave amateurs in the dust部分中的To reduce costs, airlines have reduced on flights and routes可知，航空公司减少航班目的是降低成本，故选A。