考研2020英语二阅读理解

2020年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语二试题

Text1

(第一段)Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.

To find out if this extends to non-living beings, Loleh Quinn at the University of

California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals

from robotic rats.

(第二段)They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat—one social and one asocial— for 5 our days.

The robots rats were quite minimalist, resembling a chunkier version of a

computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.

淘宝店铺：启教考研

(第三段)During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys, and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape.

Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to

文章主题：2020考研英语二text4分析及解读

一、文本概况

1.1 文本标题：The World as Yet Unseen

1.2 文本来源：2020年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）真题

1.3 文本类型：阅读理解

二、文本内容概述

2.1 文本主题：探讨未被发现的世界

2.2 文本结构：分为三段，第一段介绍未被发现的生物多样性；第二段介绍未被发现的地下世界；第三段阐述人类对未被发现世界的认知和发展构想。

三、文本分析

3.1 第一段分析：未被发现的生物多样性

3.1.1 描述文中对未被发现的生物多样性的阐述

3.1.2 分析作者观点及论据支持

3.2 第二段分析：未被发现的地下世界

3.2.1 描述文中对未被发现的地下世界的阐述

3.2.2 分析作者观点及论据支持

3.3 第三段分析：人类对未被发现世界的认知和发展构想

3.3.1 描述文中对人类认知和发展构想的阐述

3.3.2 分析作者观点及论据支持

四、文本解读

4.1 文本主题解读：生物多样性和地下世界的未知性

4.2 文本意义探讨：对人类认知和发展构想的启示

4.3 文本思想内涵：人类对自然的敬畏和探索欲望

五、文章结构

5.1 开篇概述：介绍文本基本信息及主题

5.2 分段阐述：按照文本结构逐段分析

5.3 总结发散：对文本的整体解读和思想内涵探讨

六、参考资料

6.1 文本原文

6.2 相关研究文献

6.3 考研英语二历年真题

七、结语

7.1 对文章内容的总结回顾

7.2 对文本启示的展望和思考

以上就是2020考研英语二text4分析及解读的全文内容，希會令读者有所收获。很抱歉，我似乎重复地提供了之前的内容。让我再试一次并继续写一些内容来扩展文章。

考研英语二阅读理解试题及答案

英语二阅读原文及出处：

Text 1

In an essay, entitled “Making It in America,” in the latest issue of The Atlantic, the

author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern

textile mill has been automated: The average mill has only two employees today, “a man

and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man away from

the machines。”

Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the

point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and sagging middle-class incomes today is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great

Recession, but it is also because of the quantum advances in both globalization and the

information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with

2020 Text 2（英语⼆）CEO ⾼薪惹争议Text 2It is true that pay has gone up — top ones may make 300 times the pay of typical workers on average, and since the mid-1970s, CEO pay for large American corporations has, by varying estimates, gone up by about 500%.A typical CEO of a top American corporation now makes about $18.9 million a year.The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay is that of limited CEO talent in a world where business opportunities for the top firms are growing rapidly.The efforts of America's highest-earning 1% have been one of the more dynamic elements of the .It's not popular to say, but one reason their pay has gone up so much is that CEOs have really upped their game relative to many other workers in the U. S. economy.Today's CEO, at least for major American firms, must have many more skills than simply being able to "run the company ".CEOs must have a of and maybe even how the company should, trade in them.They also need better skills than their predecessors, as the costs of even a minor slip-up can be significant.⽂章 ⼆CEOpublicly traded的确，CEO 的薪酬已经上涨了——最⾼级别的 CEO 的薪酬可能是普通⼯⼈平均薪酬的 300 倍，⾃ 1970年代中期以来，根据不同的估计，美国⼤型上市公司的⾸席执⾏官的薪酬已经上升了约 500%。⼀个典型的美国顶级企业的 CEO 现在的年薪约为 1890 万美元。理解 CEO 薪酬增⻓的最佳模式是，在⼀个顶级公司的商业机会迅速增⻓的世界⾥，CEO ⼈才有限。global economy美国收⼊最⾼的 1% 的⼈的努⼒⼀直是全球经济中⽐较活跃的因素之⼀。这种说法可能不受欢迎，但他们的薪酬涨幅如此之⼤的⼀个原因是，相对于美国经济中的许多其他劳动者，CEO 们确实提升了⾃⼰的⽔平。今天的 CEO，⾄少对于美国⼤公司来说，必须具备更多的技能，⽽不仅仅是能够 “经营公司”。good sensefinancial markets⾸席执⾏官必须对⾦融市场，甚⾄公司应该如何进⾏交易有良好的意识。public relationsThen there's the fact that large American companies are much more globalized thanever before, with spread across a larger number of countries.To lead in that system requires knowledge that is fairly mind-boggling.Plus, virtually all major American companies are becoming tech companies, often with their own .And beyond this, major CEOs still have to do all the day-to-day work they have always done.The common idea is that high CEO pay is mainly about ripping people off doesn't explain history very well.By most measures, has become a lot tighter and more rigorous since the 1970s.Yet it is principally during this period of stronger governance that CEO pay has been high and rising.That suggests that it is in the broader corporate interest to recruit top candidates for increasingly tough jobs.Furthermore, the highest CEO salaries are paid to outside candidates, not to the cozyinsider picks.他们还需要⽐前辈有更好的公共关系技能，因为哪怕是⼀个⼩⼩的失误，其代价也是巨⼤的。supply chains还有就是美国⼤公司的全球化程度⽐以往任何时候都要⾼，供应链遍布更多的国家。要想在这个体系中处于领先地位，所需要的知识是相当令⼈匪夷所思的。research and development另外，⼏乎所有⼤型美国公司都已成为科技公司，并且往往拥有⾃⼰的研发实⼒。⽽除此之外，各⼤ CEO 还得做他们⼀直以来的⽇常⼯作。⼀般⼈认为，CEO ⾼薪只是剥削其他⼈罢了，⽽这并不能很好地解释历史。corporate governance从⼤多数标准来看，⾃ 20 世纪 70 年代以来，公司治理已经变得更加严格和严谨。然⽽，主要是在加强治理的这段时期内，⾸席执⾏官的薪酬⼀直很⾼并且还在上涨。这说明，招聘顶尖的候选⼈来从事⽇益艰难的⼯作，符合更⼴泛的企业利益。此外，CEO 的最⾼薪酬是⽀付给外部候选⼈的，⽽不是⽀付给那些讨巧的内部⼈选。Another sign that high CEO pay is not some kind of depredation at the expense of the rest of the company.And the reacts positively when companies tie CEO pay to, say, stock prices, a sign that those practices build up a corporate value not just for the CEO.26. Which of the following has contributed to CEO pay rise?[A] The growth in the number of corporations.[B] The general pay rise with a better economy.[C] Increased business opportunities for top firms.[D] Close cooperation among leading economics.27. Compared with their predecessors, today's CEOs are required to '_.[A] foster a stronger sense of teamwork.[B] finance more research and development.[C] establish closer ties with tech companies.[D] operate more globalized companies.另⼀个迹象表明，CEO 的⾼薪并不是以牺牲公司其他⼈员的利益为代价的某种掠夺。stock market⽽当公司将 CEO 薪酬与股票价格等挂钩时，股票市场也会做出积极的反应，这表明这些做法建⽴了企业价值，⽽不仅仅是为了 CEO。26. 下列哪项促进了 CEO 薪酬的上涨？A：企业数量的增⻓。B：随着经济的好转，薪酬普遍上涨。C：顶级企业的商业机会增加。D：领先经济学之间的紧密合作。27. 与前辈相⽐，今天的 CEO 要 '_。A：培养更强的团队合作意识。B：资助更多的研究和开发。C：与科技公司建⽴更紧密的联系。28. CEO pay has been rising since the 1970s despite '_.[A] continual internal opposition.[B] strict corporate governance.[C] conservative business strategies.[D] repeated governance warnings.29. High CEO pay can be justified by the fact that it '_.[A] confirm the status of CEOs[B] motivate inside candidates[C] boost the efficiency of CEOs[D] increase corporate value30. The most suitable title for this text would be '_.[A] CEOs Are Not OverpaidD：经营更加全球化的公司。28. ⾃ 20 世纪 70 年代以来，尽管 '_，CEO 的薪酬⼀直在上升。A：不断的内部反对。B：严格的公司治理。C：保守的经营战略。D：反复的治理警告。29. CEO ⾼薪酬的理由是：它 '_。A：确认了 CEO 的地位B：激励内部候选⼈C：提⾼ CEO 的效率D：增加公司价值30. 最适合此⽂的标题是 '_。A：CEO 的薪酬没有过⾼[B] CEO Pay: Past and Present[C] CEOs' Challenges of Today[D] CEO Traits: Not Easy to DefineB：CEO 的薪酬：过去和现在C：CEO 的当今挑战D：CEO 的特质：不易界定