中北大学研究生英语期末考试1

翻译(1)科学

科学是一门知识，是解决工业、农业、战争和医疗方面技术问题的非常有用的工具。要了解科学在解决个人和国家面临的物质和精神方面可以达到什么广度和深度，就必须了解科学的真正含义是什么。

Science is a kind of knowledge which is a very

useful tool in solving the technical problems of industry,

agriculture, warfare and medicine. To understand the

width and depth to which science can be applied to the

material and spiritual problems that confront individuals

and nations requires and understanding of what science

really is.

科学一词来自拉丁语Scire,它的意思是“知道”。所以，从广义上讲，科学不过是指我们所知道的事情，是人类知识的总和。但是，把科学定义为人类的全部知识是不切实际的，因为很明显，有各种不同门类的知识。这些知识根据其获得的方法以及它所适合的经验范围而有所不同。我们要了解的艺术、文学、法律、宗教和专门技术知识等都不同程度的分

属于各种独立的知识财富，与我们通常所说的科学没有什么联系。

The word science comes to us from a latin word,

scire, which means “to know”. Then, in a broad sense,

science is simply what we know; the total of all human

knowledge. But the definition of science as all human

knowledge would not be a workable one, for it is obvious

that there are different types of knowledge. The kinds

differ according to how the knowledge was obtained, and

also according to what frame of experience it fits. What

we know of the arts, literature, law, religion, and technical

know are more or less separate funds of information.

They have little to do with what we commonly call

science.

科学也称为自然科学，以区别于其他知识门类。科学和自然界有关，也就是说和自然界中一切存在的事物和发生的现象的特点和过程有关。科学包括整个自然界，它精辟的阐述了人类关于各种自然现象是如何彼此联系并如何构成我们所说的宇宙的种种概念

Science is also called natural science to

distinguish it form other branches of learning. Science is

concerned with nature, that is, with knowledge of the

characteristics and operations of any all natural things and

happenings. Science embraces all of nature, and expresses

precisely about how natural phenomena are related to

each other and are to be formed into what is called the

universe.

科学有许多特性，要了解科学是什么，就得仔细的考察一下这些性能和特点。有一些作者断言说科学实际上只是一种方法――科学的方法。这样的定义是过于简单化了。但是科学方法在决定科学知识的性质方面肯定起着重要的作用。

Science has many characteristics, and to

understand what science is requires a detailed

examination of these properties and peculiarities. A

number of writers have asserted that science is only a

method in fact – the scientific method. Such a definition

is an over simplification, but it is certain that the scientific

method plays an important role in determining the nature

of scientific knowledge.

翻译（2）广告

许多人声称自己从来不看广告，但此类说法让人难以置信。在当今世界里，不看广告几乎做不到的。想想看，广告给我们带来多少乐趣！想象一下，假如汽车站或是火车站里没有广告会是怎样一种情形？等车时无奈地盯着空白的墙面能让你感到快乐么？一条明快的、妙语连珠的广告会使单调的墙壁和报纸发生什么样的变化？我们也不能忘记，广告对我们的腰包也有积极的贡献。报社、广播和电视台如果没有广告收入怎能生存？事实上，我们花这么少的钱就能看报纸，或是欣赏五花八门的广播和电视节目，完全是因为广告商出资的缘故。设想一下，如果全部费用由读者承担，那报纸该卖是卖价？还有一样我们不能忘记，那就是几乎一切都可以通过这些栏目完成，如：找工作、买房卖房、告知出生、结婚、逝世等，这是广告中的广告。

Lots of people pretend that they never read

advertisements,But this claim is hardly believable. in

current world It is almost impossible to read

advertisements these days. Just think what fun they often

provide! Image what a bus and railway station would be

like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing help

lessly at a blank wall while waiting for a bus or train?

Would you like to read a daily paper closely-printed with

columns of news? A cheerful, witty advertisement makes

such a difference to a drab wall or newspaper. We also

can not forget that advertisement makes a positive

contribution to our pockets. Newspapers, radio or

television stations could not subsist without this

advertised source of revenue. In fact ,we pay so little for

our daily paper or can enjoy so many programs on air is

due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think

what a newspaper cost is payed by reader.Another thing

we mustn’t forget is the “small ads” which are in virtually

every newspaper what a tremendously useful service they

perform for the community! Just about everything can be

accomplished through these columns, for instance; you

can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth,

marriage or death. It’s the advertisement among the

advertisements.

第一单元Close A 完形 The humanities are not a

mere device but a form of knowledge.~

1 achievement 2 sense 3 influence 4 without 5 something

6 except 7 interested 8 surface 9liking 10 choosing

11gratify 12 temptation 13 despite14 neglected 15

phenomenon 16 ingrained 17 intellectual 18 explore 19

concern 20 insight 21 reasons 22 acquired 23 possession

24 part 25 terms

第三单元Close A 完形 Modern advertising is a form

of magic, which creates a Promised land.~

1 habit 2 promised 3 techniques 4 place 5 works 6

appeal 7 communal 8 feeling 9 notion 10industry

11connection 12turn over 13goes 14surveys 15 establish

16 cost 17alone 18 potential 19 geared 20 word

第四单元Close A 完形 What is jazz? Jazz is

vigorous~

1musical 2freedom 3 therefore 4 to 5 perspective 6 gave 7