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nagios 3.0.6 搭建配置文档

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nagios 3.0.6 搭建配置文档Nagios是一款用于系统和网络监控的应用程序。

它可以在你设定的条件下对主机和服务进行监控，在状态变差和变好的时候给出告警信息。

nagios特征简单说明：监控网络服务（SMTP、POP3、HTTP、NNTP、PING等）；监控主机资源（处理器负荷、磁盘利用率等）；简单地插件设计使得用户可以方便地扩展自己服务的检测方法；并行服务检查机制；具备定义网络分层结构的能力，用"parent"主机定义来表达网络主机间的关系，这种关系可被用来发现和明晰主机宕机或不可达状态；当服务或主机问题产生与解决时将告警发送给联系人（通过EMail、短信、用户定义方式）；具备定义事件句柄功能，它可以在主机或服务的事件发生时获取更多问题定位；自动的日志回滚；可以支持并实现对主机的冗余监控；可选的WEB界面用于查看当前的网络状态、通知和故障历史、日志文件等nagios-3.0.6.tar.gz -----------------------主程序nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz------------------插件nrpe_2.8.1.tar.gz --------------------------监控Linux需要nsclient++0.3.5 ---------------------------监控windows需要nagios服务器端（192.168.1.176）linux被监控端（192.168.1.175）一。

安装nagios服务器端配置1.准备软件包（我偷懒了，嘿嘿）yum install httpdyum install gccyum install glibc glibc-commonyum install gd gd-develyum install mysql mysql-server mysql-develyum install gnutls2.建立用户useradd nagiospasswd nagios建立一个用户组名为nagcmd组，用于web借口执行外部命令。

并将nagios用户和apache用户都加到这个组中groupadd nagcmdusermod -G nagcmd nagiosusermod -G nagcmd apache3.下载nagios和插件程序包wget/sourceforge/nagios/nagios-3.0.6.tar.gz wget/sourceforge/nagiosplug/nagios-plugins -1.4.13.tar.gzwget/project/nagios/nrpe-2.x/nrp e-2.8.1/nrpe-2.8.1.tar.gz4.安装nagisotar xzf nagios-3.0.6.tar.gzcd nagios-3.0.6.tar.gz运行Nagios配置脚本并使用先前开设的用户及用户组：./configure --with-group=nagios --with-user=nagios--with-command-group=nagcmd --with-gd-lib=/usr/lib--with-gd-inc=/usr/include编译Nagios程序包源码make all安装二进制运行程序、初始化脚本、配置文件样本并设置运行目录权限make installmake install-initmake install-configmake install-commandmode5.定义收报警邮件的邮箱vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg更改email地址nagiosadmin的联系人定义信息中的EMail信息为你的EMail 信息以接收报警内容。

6.配置web接口安装Nagios的WEB配置文件到Apache的conf.d目录下make install-webconf创建一个nagiosadmin 的用户用于Nagios的WEB接口登录。

记下你所设置的登录口令，一会儿你会用到它。

htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/ers nagiosadmin输入密码（记住密码，这是你等下登陆nagios web页面的用户名和密码）重启Apache服务以使设置生效。

service httpd restartchown -R nagiso.nagiso /usr/local/nagios/etc/ers(这个一定要修改，这个属主权限没有更改为nagios的话，web页面很多没有权限打开，我因为这个，调试了很久)编辑httpd.conf配置文件vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf在配置文件最后添加如下内容ScriptAlias "/nagios/cgi-bin" "/usr/local/nagios/sbin"<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/sbin">Options ExecCGIAllowOverride NoneOrder allow,denyAllow from allAuthName "Nagios Access"AuthType BasicAuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/ersRequire valid-user</Directory>Alias /nagios "/usr/local/nagios/share"<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/share">Options NoneAllowOverride NoneOrder allow,denyAllow from allAuthName "Nagios Access"AuthType BasicAuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/ersRequire valid-user</Directory>重启apachekillall httpdservice httpd restart[root@duoduo-test /]# service httpd restartStopping httpd: [ OK ] Starting httpd: [Fri Mar 26 00:51:01 2010] [warn] The ScriptAlias directive in /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf at line 992 will probably never match because it overlaps an earlier ScriptAlias.[Fri Mar 26 00:51:01 2010] [warn] The Alias directive in/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf at line 1003 will probably never match because it overlaps an earlier Alias.httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName[ OK ]重启httpd服务，会出现警告信息，但是不会影响nagios的运行，此问题我在网上查询了很久的资料，没有明确的方法7.编译比安装nagios插件tar -zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.11.tar.gzcd nagios-plugins-1.4.11./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --with-nagios-user=nagios--with-nagios-gourp=nagiosmake&&make install8.验证nagios的样例配置文件/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg出现这样的就代表没有错误，假如有错误，会指出哪个配置文件哪行有错误，只要去修改就行[root@duoduo-test local]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfgNagios 3.0.6Copyright (c) 1999-2008 Ethan Galstad ()Last Modified: 12-01-2008License: GPLReading configuration data...Running pre-flight check on configuration data...Checking services...Checked 19 services.Checking hosts...Checked 2 hosts.Checking host groups...Checked 1 host groups.Checking service groups...Checked 0 service groups.Checking contacts...Checked 1 contacts.Checking contact groups...Checked 1 contact groups.Checking service escalations...Checked 0 service escalations.Checking service dependencies...Checked 0 service dependencies.Checking host escalations...Checked 0 host escalations.Checking host dependencies...Checked 0 host dependencies.Checking commands...Checked 25 commands.Checking time periods...Checked 5 time periods.Checking for circular paths between hosts...Checking for circular host and service dependencies...Checking global event handlers...Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...Checking misc settings...Total Warnings: 0Total Errors: 0Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check[root@duoduo-test local]#chkconfig --add nagioschkconfig nagios on如果没有报错，可以启动Nagios服务service nagios start9.关闭selinuxvi /etc/sysconfig/selinuxSELINUX=disabled将selinux设置为disabled状态，重启系统使selinux配置生效10。

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Nagios安装配置手册

Nagios安装配置手册


12.配置和启动 nagios cd /usr/local/nagios/etc 里面如果有 cfg-sample,就把目录里的.cfg-sample 文件全部拷贝成.cfg 例如： cp nagios.cfg-sample nagios.cfg 没有的话就直接修改:
修改 vi cgi.cfg， use_authentication=1 改成 use_authentication=0, 即不用验证.不然有一些页面不会显示。
情况二: 如果还不行,从这个网站: 下载一下 Mudule 包,tar.gz 格式的! - Crypt::DES - Digest::MD5 - Digest::SHA1 - Digest::HMACcd - Net::SNMP 按以下操作顺序安装这些 Module: tar zxf <module>.tar.gz cd <module> perl Makefile.PL make test make install 完了以后 cd nagios_plugins ./install.sh (路径选默认,y/n 选 Y!)
6.安装 nagios nagios 之前的准备，特别需要安装 gd-devel， 另外安装 nagios 时需要加--with-gd-lib=/usr/lib --with-gd-inc=/usr/include 不然不能生成 statusmap.cgi 也就不能看状态图了！
groupadd nagios useradd -g nagios nagios passwd nagios mkdir /usr/local/nagios chown -R nagios:nagios /usr/local/nagios chmod 755 /usr/local/nagios/ usermod -G nagios apache usermod -G nagios nagios grep ^User /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf User apache 查看运行 apache 的用户
nagios监控端安装配置手册

nagios监控端安装配置手册

一、系统环境与软件版本情况本文档使用被监控机的操作系统为rhel6.3 _64位。

监控主机操作系统为rhel6.0 _64位及windows 2003，nagios主服务版本Nagios® Core™ 3.2.3，linu被监控机与主监控通信插件NRPE版本为nrpe-2.8.1。

window被监控机与主监控服务软件为NSClient++-0.2.7所使用的软件如下nrpe-2.8.1.tar.gzNSClient++-0.2.7.zip二、安装配置过程。

因为系统安装大家都非常熟悉了此次略过操作系统安装过程，首先是linux环境下被监控机的安装配置过程。

在安装之前先写个nagios监控非本地信息的原理图主监控机被监控机NRPE总共由两部分组成:–check_nrpe 插件,位于在监控主机上–NRPE daemon,运行在远程的linux主机上(通常就是被监控机)按照上图,整个的监控过程如下:当nagios需要监控某个远程linux主机的服务或者资源情况时1.nagios会运行check_nrpe这个插件,告诉它要检查什么.2.check_nrpe插件会连接到远程的NRPE daemon,所用的方式是SSL3.NRPE daemon会运行相应的nagios插件来执行检查4.NRPE daemon将检查的结果返回给check_nrpe插件,插件将其递交给nagios做处理.注意:NRPE daemon需要nagios插件安装在远程的linux主机上,否则,daemon不能做任何的监控.因为使用rehl线上的yum源安装需要授权，所以先使用iso搭个本地的yum源。

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/ 挂载光驱mkdir /home/rehliso 创建yum源目录。

cp -Rf /mnt/cdrom/* /home/rehliso/ 拷贝安装文件到源目录cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ 切换至yum配置文件目录cp rhel-source.repo rhel-source.repo.bak 备份配置文件vi rhel-source.repo 编辑配置文件，删除之前内容加入[rhel_6_iso]name=local isobaseurl=file:///home/rehlisogpgcheck=1gpgkey=file:///home/rehliso/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release保存退出Yum clean all清除YUM缓存因为是用二进制安装包进行安装所以要先安装gcc编译器yum -y install gcc 安装gcc编译器安装完成后用sftp上传安装文件nrpe-2.8.1.tar.gz, nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz至/usr/local/src/目录下创建nagios用户Userad nagiosPasswd nagiosCd /usr/local/src 切换至/usr/local/src/目录解压安装包tar zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gzcd nagios-plugins-1.4.13编译安装./configuremakemake install这一步完成后会在/usr/local/nagios/下生成两个目录libexec和share修改目录权限把权限所属chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/libexec/至此被监控机nagios插件已经安装完成，接下来就是安装nrpe服务了切换至软件包目录Cd /usr/local/src解压安装文件tar zxvf nrpe-2.8.1.tar.gzcd nrpe-2.8.1编译安装./configurechecking for SSL... configure: error: Cannot find ssl libraries 出现了该错误主要是因为监控主机插件check_nrpe与被监控nrpe服务的通信是通过ssl方式连接的所以必须安装sslyum -y install openssl-devel 所以这个可以在gcc安装时顺便也安装了ssl安装完成后重新./configure*** Configuration summary for nrpe 2.8.1 05-10-2007 ***:General Options:-------------------------NRPE port: 5666NRPE user: nagiosNRPE group: nagiosNagios user: nagiosNagios group: nagiosReview the options above for accuracy. If they look okay,type 'make all' to compile the NRPE daemon and client.成功后会出现以上安装的基本信息接下来编译安装make allmake install-daemonmake install-daemon-configmake install-plugin 安装check_nrpe这个插件之前说过监控机需要安装check_nrpe这个插件,被监控机并不需要,我们在这里安装它是为了测试的目的安装xinetd脚本make install-xinetd这里还要补充一下因为官网的安装文档是将NRPE deamon作为xinetd下的一个服务运行的.在这样的情况下xinetd就必须要先安装好,所以还得确定系统是否已经安装了xinetd的服务[root@localhost nrpe-2.8.1]# service xinetd restartxinetd: unrecognized service服务并未安装yum -y install xinetd 安装xinetd服务安装完成后修改配置文件vi /etc/xinetd.d/nrpeservice nrpe{flags = REUSEsocket_type = streamport = 5666 端口wait = nouser = nagios 用户group = nagios 用户组server = /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpeserver_args = -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg --inetdlog_on_failure += USERIDdisable = noonly_from = 127.0.0.1,192.168.1.243}only_from = 127.0.0.1,192.168.1.243在后面增加监控主机的地址192.168.1.243以空格间隔编辑/etc/services文件,增加NRPE服务端口添加如下信息nrpe 5666/tcp #nrpe查看防火墙是否启动chkconfig iptables –list如果启动需要添加5666端口的开放规则vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 5666 -j ACCEPT添加该条目service iptables restart 重启iptables服务重启xinetd服务service xinetd restart检查服务端口状态[root@localhost ~]# netstat -natp |grep 5666tcp 0 0 :::5666 :::* LISTEN 1959/xinetd 服务端口已经启动测试NRPE是否则正常工作之前我们在安装了check_nrpe这个插件用于测试,现在就是用的时候.执行[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhostNRPE v2.8.1返回了版本信息说明nrpe已经正常的工作了。

Nagios监控系统安装及配置文档

Nagios监控系统安装及配置文档

Nagios监控系统安装及配置文档1.版本历史2.格式规范本文用红色字体表示注释，绿色字体为操作命令，如：# vi•/var/qmail/control/badmailfrom这个控制文件是实现拒收邮件功能的，每一个地址要单独一行。

而且，不用重起qmail就能生效。

例如：peng@•• • ----限制一个特定的用户，@••••••••• ----限制整个域中的邮件3.参考文档[1] [2] /4.前言做为系统管理员，管理着几十台或几百台服务器在运行。

一个非常迫切的需求就是希望了解服务器及服务器上运行的服务的运行状况，在服务器或服务出现当机或停止的时候能够第一时间知道，及时处理。

以便最小的减少由此带来的影响和损失。

Nagios就是用来解决这个问题的，在目前的一些监控软件中，Nagios 以其良好的稳定性，强大的功能等，已成为业界监控软件的首选。

Nagios官方网站的描述：Nagios is an open source host, service and network monitoring program. Who uses it? Lots of people, including many big companies and organizations：Nagios是一个用来监控主机、服务和网络的开放源码软件，很多大的公司或组织都在使用它。

5.Nagios监控原理上图为Nagios监控原理图。

Nagios监控可以使用主动模式（Action）和被动模式(Passive)。

主动模式主要是自身插件或结合Nrpe实现，由Nagios在定义的时间去主动监测被监控端的服务器或服务是否正常。

被动模式结合Naca实现，由Nsca定时监控服务器或服务，再由Nasa把结果传至Nagios。

被动模式适合大规模服务器（一般在最少100台以上）需要监控的情况，可有效减少监控服务器的压力。

在服务器数量比较少的情况下用主动模式比较方便，因为主要的配置在监控主机的设置就好了，无需在被监控端做过多设置。

nagios全攻略(二)----基本安装和配置

nagios全攻略(二)----基本安装和配置

二. 基本安装和配置本部分主要参考官方文档和田逸的文章<<看我出招之:我用Nagios(技术细节)来修改完成.>>最后达到如下的功能监控机自身的信息,包括主机信息以及对外提供的服务被监控机对外提供的服务如下所有的操作都在监控机192.168.0.111上进行1.安装nagios主程序解压缩tar -zxvf nagios-2.9.tar.gzcd nagios-2.9编译,指定安装目录为/usr/local/nagios./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios输出如下信息*** Configuration summary for nagios 2.9 04-10-2007 ***:General Options:-------------------------Nagios executable: nagiosNagios user/group: nagios,nagiosCommand user/group: nagios,nagiosEmbedded Perl: noEvent Broker: yesInstall ${prefix}: /usr/local/nagiosLock file: ${prefix}/var/nagios.lockInit directory: /etc/rc.d/init.dHost OS: linux-gnuWeb Interface Options:------------------------HTML URL: [url]http://localhost/nagios/[/url]CGI URL: [url]http://localhost/nagios/cgi-bin/[/url] Traceroute (used by WAP): /usr/sbin/tracerouteReview the options above for accuracy. If they look okay,type 'make all' to compile the main program and CGIs.make all输出如下信息*** Compile finished ***If the main program and CGIs compiled without any errors, youcan continue with installing Nagios as follows (type 'make'without any arguments for a list of all possible options):make install- This installs the main program, CGIs, and HTML files使用make install来安装主程序,CGI和HTML文件make install-init- This installs the init script in /etc/rc.d/init.d使用make install-init在/etc/rc.d/init.d安装启动脚本make install-commandmode- This installs and configures permissions on thedirectory for holding the external command file使用make install-commandmode来配置目录权限make install-config- This installs *SAMPLE* config files in /usr/local/nagios/etcYou'll have to modify these sample files before you canuse Nagios. Read the HTML documentation for more infoon doing this. Pay particular attention to the docs onobject configuration files, as they determine what/howthings get monitored!使用make install-commandmode来安装示例配置文件,安装的路径是/usr/local/nagios/etc. *** Support Notes *******************************************If you have questions about configuring or running Nagios,please make sure that you:- Look at the sample config files- Read the HTML documentation- Read the FAQs online at [url]/faqs[/url]before you post a question to one of the mailing lists.Also make sure to include pertinent information that couldhelp others help you. This might include:- What version of Nagios you are using- What version of the plugins you are using- Relevant snippets from your config files- Relevant error messages from the Nagios log fileFor more information on obtaining support for Nagios, visit:[url]/support/[/url]*************************************************************Enjoy.很多人都不注意安装过程中的输出信息,直到make install出错了才到处找人求救,而实际上输出的内容包含很多有价值的信息,例如安装路径,版本,每一步做什么,接下来的步骤等.尤其是输出的最后一屏信息,我个人建议好好的读一下.例如上面就列出了很多有价值的信息,我们只需要按照他说的做就行了.安装make install输出如下错误cd ./base && make installmake[1]: Entering directory `/home/yahoon/nagios/nagios-2.9/base'make install-basicmake[2]: Entering directory `/home/yahoon/nagios/nagios-2.9/base'/usr/bin/install -c -m 775 -o nagios -g nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/bin/usr/bin/install: invalid user `nagios' 非法用户nagiosmake[2]: *** [install-basic] Error 1make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/yahoon/nagios/nagios-2.9/base'make[1]: *** [install] Error 2make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/yahoon/nagios/nagios-2.9/base'make: *** [install] Error 2按照文档说明增加用户,修改权限[root@localhost nagios-2.9]# useradd nagios[root@localhost nagios-2.9]# mkdir /usr/local/nagios[root@localhost nagios-2.9]# chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios 查看目录权限[root@localhost nagios-2.9]# ll /usr/localdrwxr-sr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 10 11:14 nagios看到nagios目录的权限已经被正确修改了重新执行make install输出信息如下*** Main program, CGIs and HTML files installed ***You can continue with installing Nagios as follows (type 'make'without any arguments for a list of all possible options):make install-init- This installs the init script in /etc/rc.d/init.dmake install-commandmode- This installs and configures permissions on thedirectory for holding the external command filemake install-config- This installs *SAMPLE* config files in /usr/local/nagios/etcYou'll have to modify these sample files before you canuse Nagios. Read the HTML documentation for more infoon doing this. Pay particular attention to the docs onobject configuration files, as they determine what/howthings get monitored!make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/yahoon/nagios/nagios-2.9'执行如下命令来安装脚本make install-init执行make install-commandmode输出信息如下/usr/bin/install -c -m 775 -o nagios -g nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/var/rw chmod g+s /usr/local/nagios/var/rw*** External command directory configured ***You can continue with installing Nagios as follows (type 'make'without any arguments for a list of all possible options):make install-config- This installs *SAMPLE* config files in /usr/local/nagios/etcYou'll have to modify these sample files before you canuse Nagios. Read the HTML documentation for more infoon doing this. Pay particular attention to the docs onobject configuration files, as they determine what/howthings get monitored!执行make install-config输出信息如下/usr/bin/install -c -m 775 -o nagios -g nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/usr/bin/install -c -m 664 -o nagios -g nagios sample-config/nagios.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg-sample/usr/bin/install -c -m 664 -o nagios -g nagios sample-config/cgi.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg-sample/usr/bin/install -c -m 660 -o nagios -g nagios sample-config/resource.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/resource.cfg-sample/usr/bin/install -c -m 664 -o nagios -g nagios sample-config/template-object/localhost.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/localhost.cfg-sample/usr/bin/install -c -m 664 -o nagios -g nagios sample-config/template-object/commands.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/commands.cfg-sample*** Sample config file installed ***Remember, these are *SAMPLE* config files. You'll need to readthe documentation for more information on how to actually defineservices, hosts, etc. to fit your particular needs.If you have questions about configuring Nagios properly, please:- Look at the sample config files- Read the HTML documentation- Read the FAQs online at [url]/faqs[/url]*BEFORE* you post a question to one of the mailing lists.验证程序是否被正确安装。