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雅思A类写作讲义第一讲雅思高分写作思路总览雅思写作高分：7分或7分以上第一节的内容：1．雅思写作的整体介绍2．高分写作的要求3．解决问题的方案4．课程的总览一．雅思写作的整体介绍General Introduction听力、阅读考试之后60分钟Task 1 and Task 2A类和G类的区别：task 2 议论文task 1 A：图表作文G：书信评分：以Task 2 为主二：高分写作的要求评分标准：Vocabulary and Sentence Structure(词汇与句子结构)Arguments, Ideas and Evidence(论证，论点和论据)Communicative Quality(交流质量)Vocabulary and Sentence Structure(词汇与句子结构)1.避免使用过于低级的单词The problem becomes worse by the poor effects we made.The problem was compounded due to the ineffective measures we had taken.They claim that sports lead to competition rather than cooperation is only an incorrect argument. The claim that sports lead to competition rather than cooperation is only a lame argument. People face violence and crimes on TV and films every day.People are bombarded by violence and crimes on TV and films every day.The kind of growth may lead to very bad results.The kind of growth may lead to dire consequences.consequence:far-reaching（深远的）, profound（深刻的）, adverse（不利的）, catastrophic（灾难的）, damaging（破坏性的）, devastating（破坏性的）, dire（可怕的）, disastrous（灾难的）, fatal（致命的）, tragic（悲惨的）, severe（严重的）,2.避免过分重复同一样的单词Mothers enjoy the same right for career advancement as fathers do.Mothers are just as entitled to career advancement as fathers.Mothers are empowered to career advancement as fathers.3.尽可能展示多变的句型定语从句：China is the largest developing country and is enjoying rapid economic growth. As a result, in the streets of major cities in China, there are thousands of vehicles of all kinds.As the largest developing country, China is enjoying rapid economic growth, the evidence of which can be seen in all major cities whose streets are teeming with thousands of vehicles of all kinds.倒装句：Young people are so impulsive and easily influenced that they are constantly tricked by advertisement in all forms of media.Impulsive and easily influenced as young people are, they are constantly tricked by advertisement in all forms of media.伴随状语：It is common now for kids to spend six and a half days in school each week because they have to sit through one extra class after another.It is common for kids to spend six and a half days in school each week, sitting through one extra class after another.设问句：Even if machine translation were able to eradicate all the language barriers between peoples, learning foreign languages still make sense.Even if machine translation were able to eradicate all the language barriers between people, would there be no point in learning foreign languages? By no means.Arguments, Ideas and Evidence(论证，论点和论据)Some people think that in order to improve the quality of education, high school students should be encouraged to evaluate and criticize their teachers, but other people maintain that such evaluation and criticism may cause loss of respect for teachers and discipline. What do you think?有人认为，为了提高教育质量，我们应该鼓励高中生对自己的老师进行评估；别的人却认为这种评估是不尊重教师、违反学校纪律的行为。
雅思写作第一节课课堂讲义Unit 1 雅思IELTS 考试写作简介雅思考试写作部分在听力和阅读后进行，由两部分组成，TASK1和TASK2。
要求考生在60分钟内完成两篇文章的写作。
普通培训类和学术类考生在写作的考试内容上有一些区别。
两类写作TASK2题目类型基本相同，考试的结构和要求也大体相同，要求在40分钟完成250字左右的议论文。
类似英美国家学校里任课教师布置的课堂讨论作文。
一般要求考生根据自己的知识和经验就一个现象阐明自己的态度和见解，或就一个观点发表自己赞同或反对的观点。
学术类写作TASK 1（ACADEMIC TRAINING MODULE）要求考生对题目中给出的各类图表加以观察和分析，并根据已知的图表和资料写一篇不少于150字的小短文。
考得较多的有曲线图、柱状图、饼状图、表格、饼图等。
也有可能考到两种不同种类的图。
另外，流程图和示意图也偶尔考到。
时间20分钟。
普通培训类写作TASK1（GENERAL TRAINING MODULE）则要求考生就某个假设的场景写一封信. 到目前为止，出现较多的书信种类有投诉信、请求信、建议信、寻找失物信、邀请信等。
20分钟内完成150个字的文章。
总之，就题目的难度而言，GENERAL TRAINING MODULE 普通类写作比ACADEMIC TRAINING MODULE学术类写作稍微简单一些。
评分标准The examiner reads your answer and awards band score of between 1(did not answer the question) and 9 (native speaker-like ) according to these criteria: ? 1.T ask Response (i.e. how fully and appropriately the candidate has answered all parts of the task; the extent to which the candidate's ideas are relevant, developed and supported; the extent to which the candidate's position isclear and effective)2.Coherence and Cohesion (i.e. how well the information and ideas are organized and presented i.e. paragraphing; how well the information is linked) ?3.Lexical Resource (i.e. the range of vocabulary used, how accurately it is used and how appropriate it is for the task)4.Grammatical Range and Accuracy (i.e. the range of structures used, how accurately they are used and how appropriate they are for the task)The band scores are then added together divided by 3 and rounded to determine your band score for this task.Writing Overall Band = 1 / 3* Task1 + 2 / 3*Task2For example: Task1 =6Task2 =7Overall Band = 1 / 3* 6 + 2 / 3*7= 6.5Unit 2 曲线图1.描述上升的单词increase rise grow go up词汇升级：creep up ≤10edge up 10 ease up 20boom 30 surge 45 soar 60 swell 70 escalate 80 rocket 902．描述下降的单词decrease drop decline fall go down词汇升级：creep down ≤10edge down 10 ease down 20ebb 30 subside 45 slump 60 collapse 70 plunge 80 plummet 903．描述波动的单词fluctuate --- fluctuation go up and down rise and fall例：Sales of Computers 1995There was a slight growth in the sales of computers from Jan to Feb. However, they increased dramatically to a peak in the next month. After that, there was a downward trend in sales between Mar and Aug, which leveled off by the end of Dec.Task 1每部分的结构:例题分析example 1WRITING TASK 1You should spend about 20 minutes on this taskThe graph below shows the number of passengers in a London underground station at different times of the day.Summarize the information by selecting and reporting themain features and make comparisons where relevant.You should write at least 150 words.Number of passengers at a London underground stationThe line graph illustrates the fluctuation in the number of people at a London underground station over the course of a day.开头段三种万能方法：①改单词②换句型③加信息The busiest time of the day is in the morning. There is a sharp increase between 06:00 and 08:00, with 400 people using the station at 8 o'clock. After this the numbers drop quickly to less than 200 at 10 o'clock. Between 11 am and 2 pm the number rises, with a plateau of just under 300 people using the station.In the afternoon, numbers decline, with less than 100 using the station at 4 pm. There is then a rapid rise to a peak of 380 at 6 pm. After 7 pm, numbers fall significantly, with only a slight increase again at 8pm, tailing off after 9 pm.Overall, the graph shows that the station is most crowded in the early morning (around 08:00) and early evening (around 18:00) periods.例题分析2:Sample 2WRITING TASK 1---“例2”You should spend about 20 minutes on this taskThe graph below shows the annual amount of fish caught in North America from 1972 to 2000.Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.You should write at least 150 words.line graph with two linesThe graph reveals changes in fish catches for the US and Canada over the last 30 years.Between 1975 and 1981, US fish catches averaged between 2.5 and 2.75 million tons per year, while Canadian landings fluctuated between 600,000 and 900,000 tons. …In 1981, however, there was a significant increase in fish caught in the US, and this rise continued and peaked at 5.6 million tons in 1991. During the same period, Canada's catch went up from 1 million tons to 1.6 million tons, a growth of over 50%.From 1991 onwards, a sudden decline in fish catching was reported in both countries. US figures plummeted to 4 million tons in 2001, a drop of 28%, and Canadian catches plunged to 0.5 million tons, a decrease of 66%. In the following four years, US catches remained stable at 4 million tons, while Canadian catches rose and fell around the 0.5 million tons mark.In general, fish catches have declined drastically in both the US and Canada since the early 1990s. Although Canadian production was much lower, it echoed US figures, declining or increasing at thesame rate.习题③You should spend about 20 minutes on this taskThe graph below shows the consumption of fish and some different kinds of meat in a European country between 1979 and 2004.Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.You should write at least 150 words.The line chart illustrates changes in the amounts of beef, lamb, chicken and fish consumed in a particular European country between 1979 and 2004.In 1979 beef was by far the most popular of these foods, with about 225 grams consumed per person per week. Lamb andchicken were eaten in similar quantities (around 150 grams), while much less fish was consumed (just over 50 grams) However, during this 25-year period the consumption of beef and lamb fell dramatically to approximately 100 grams and 55 grams respectively. The consumption of fish also declined, but much less significantly to just below 50 grams, so although it remained the least popular food, consumption levels were the most stable.The consumption of chicken, on the other hand, showed an upward trend, overtaking that of lamb in 1980 and that of beef in 1989. By 2004 it had soared to almost 250 grams per person per week.Overall, the graph shows how the consumption of chicken increased dramatically while the popularity of these other foods decreasedover the period.★考试高分必备表 3——Phrase。
雅思写作第一讲：雅思写作简介+评分标准+如何写作首段1 雅思写作简介（20minute）task1+task2（小作文+大作文）task1（至少150words，20minutes）task2 （至少250words，40minutes）雅思评分标准讲解Task Response(任务完成情况）Coherence and Cohesion（逻辑）Lexical Resource（词汇量）Grammatical Range and Accuracy（语法）2 雅思写作题型以及提问方式简介（20minute）议论文题型介绍（三种提问方式）1 Advantage & Disadvantage2（To what extent) Do you agree or disagree?3 Discuss both views and give your opinion•说明文(提问方式）causes、solution、influence1 What are the reasons? Who should take responsibility fordealing with it?Opening Sentence 三种常见写法(40minutes)eg:Discuss the advantages and the disadvantages of the mass media.1. 开门见山,直接入题a. Recently, it has been a hot-debated issue about the how to evalute theadvantages and disadvantages of mass media in our daily life.b. There is much discussion about the influence of mass media on our dailylife.c. There has long been a debate about how to view the influence of the massmedia on our life.2. 因果分析入题With the development of the science and technology, mass media is playinga increasingly important role in our daily life.3 转折对比入题Although mass media plays a vital role in delivering effective information in our daily life, its advantages and disadvantages are controversial issuesamong the public. / its advantage and disadvantages have spurredhot-discussion among the public.Although it is commonly believed that mass media plays a crucial role in delivering effective news, this is actually not the case.Although many people subscribe to the belief that media plays a crucial role in delivering effective news, we need to clear up the disadvantages and advantages of it.。
《基础雅思写作》课程教学大纲课程名称：基础雅思写作英文名称：IELTS Foundation Writing课程编码：总学时：56 实验学时：0 学分：3.5适用对象：国际教育学院中荷项目本科一年级学生先修课程：高中英语大纲主撰人：杜彦强大纲审核人：付曼一、课程性质、目的和任务1. 课程性质：《基础雅思写作》是为我校中外合作办学项目本科生一年级开设的一门主要的英语技能专业必修课，是高中阶段英语写作的继续，是一门综合性很强的应用型课程。
2. 目的：在巩固现阶段写作技能的基础上，学生通过英语写作基本理论的学习，进一步提升他们的英语写作能力，使之从初级阶段的句子和段落过渡到本科阶段的整篇文章的撰写。
3. 任务：经过严谨的写作训练，掌握实用文体，即信件的写作方法，以及图表类作文的写作方法，提高学生的整体英文写作水平，帮助有意赴荷兰等国家留学的同学在雅思考试的写作部分取得6分以上的良好成绩。
二、教学内容及要求1．课程教学的基本要求通过本课程的教学，逐渐提高学生的观察、思维和运用英语的能力。
要求学生掌握书信以及图表类的基本格式和手法以及在应用文写作和图表类写作中的常用词汇、常用表达法及各种注意事项，力求做到书写符合体裁的要求，用词表达准确、文章规范。
通过讲授英文文体和体裁的写作基本知识和技巧，特别强调进行大量的写作实践，要求学生较好地掌握英文写作的基本原理、表现手法和写作技能，能用英语写出投诉信、感谢信、邀请函等日常应用文以及雅思考试图表类的文章。
2．教学大纲内容、教学时间和顺序教学内容及学时分配如下：1）雅思写作概述2学时2）雅思写作基本语法概述8学时3）雅思写作培训类信件写作14学时投诉信、感谢信、道歉信、咨询信、求助信、建议信、求职申请信、邀请信4）雅思图表类作文写作：32学时线状图、柱状图、表格、饼状图、示意图、复合图表具体教学内容安排：第一章雅思写作概述授课学时： 2基本要求：第1节雅思写作介绍第2节雅思写作评分标准第3节雅思写作步骤重点：明确雅思写作的类型与特点难点：雅思写作的基本要求第二章雅思写作基本语法概述授课学时：8基本要求：第1节雅思写作基本句式第2节雅思句子的种类第3节长句的分析和写作第4节非谓语动词重点：句子的基本写作及扩充难点：长难句和非谓语动词第三章雅思写作培训类信件写作总授课学时：14第1节投诉信（letter of complaint）授课学时：2基本要求：投诉信的写作要点和注意事项投诉信常用表达方式投诉信的例文分析学生作文分析重点：常用表达方式难点：同伴评价作文，分析同学作文中出现的问题，并提出修改方案第2节感谢信（thank-you letter）授课学时：2基本要求：感谢信的写作要点和注意事项感谢信常用表达方式感谢信的例文分析学生作文分析重点：常用表达方式难点：同伴评价作文，分析同学作文中出现的问题，并提出修改方案第3节道歉信（letter of apologizing）授课学时：2基本要求：道歉信的写作要点和注意事项道歉信常用表达方式道歉信的例文分析学生作文分析重点：常用表达方式难点：同伴评价作文，分析同学作文中出现的问题，并提出修改方案第4节咨询信（letter of inquiry）授课学时：2基本要求：咨询信的写作要点和注意事项咨询信常用表达方式咨询信的例文分析学生作文分析重点：常用表达方式难点：同伴评价作文，分析同学作文中出现的问题，并提出修改方案第5节求助信（letter of request）授课学时：2基本要求：求助信的写作要点和注意事项求助信常用表达方式求助信的例文分析学生作文分析重点：常用表达方式难点：同伴评价作文，分析同学作文中出现的问题，并提出修改方案第6节建议信（letter of suggestion）授课学时：2基本要求：建议信的写作要点和注意事项建议信常用表达方式建议信的例文分析学生作文分析重点：常用表达方式难点：同伴评价作文，分析同学作文中出现的问题，并提出修改方案第7节申请信授课学时：2基本要求：申请信的写作要点和注意事项申请信常用表达方式申请信的例文分析学生作文分析重点：常用表达方式难点：同伴评价作文，分析同学作文中出现的问题，并提出修改方案第四章雅思图表类作文写作总授课学时：32第1节概述授课学时：2基本要求写作字数和时间的要求写作内容要求图表作文评分标准图表作文写作原则图表作文结构重点：作文结构、评分标准难点：图表作文写作原则第2节线状图（line/curve graph）授课学时：4基本要求描述趋势变化常用词汇例文分析单条曲线的描述多条曲线的描述练习讲解重点：学生作文分析难点：图表信息的客观描述⏹课外项目：调查研究（绘图并撰写曲线图报告）第3节柱状图（bar/column chart）授课学时：4基本要求描述柱状图的常用词汇例文分析练习讲解重点：学生作文分析难点：图表信息的客观描述⏹课外项目：调查研究（绘图并撰写柱状图报告）第4节表格（table）授课学时：4描述表格的常用词汇例文分析练习讲解重点：学生作文分析难点：图表信息的客观描述⏹课外项目：调查研究（绘图并撰写表格报告）第5节饼状图（pie chart）授课学时：4基本要求描述饼状图的常用词汇例文分析练习讲解重点：学生作文分析难点：图表信息的客观描述⏹课外项目：调查研究（绘图并撰写饼状图报告）第6节示意图（diagrams）授课学时：4基本要求描述示意图的常用词汇例文分析练习讲解重点：学生作文分析难点：图表信息的客观描述⏹课外项目：调查研究（绘图并撰写示意图报告）第7节复合图表（mix of diagrams）授课学时：4描述示意图的常用词汇例文分析练习讲解重点：学生作文分析难点：图表信息的客观描述课外项目：调查研究（绘图并撰写复合图表报告）第8节图表类作文写作复习授课学时：2三、学时分配课程总学时为56，理论学时56。
