英语常用短语,,英语作文常用替换汇总

写作常用替换词★形容词：1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished =poverty-stricken2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do =well-off3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive =beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful=undesirable6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous =eye-catching10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated11. 流行的：popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive ★动词：1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7. 认为：think = assert= hold = claim = argue8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten★名词：1. 影响：influence= impact2. 危险：danger = perils =hazard3. 污染：pollution = contamination4. 人类：human beings= mankind = human race5. 老人：old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents10. 优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue11. 责任：responsibility = obligation = duty = liability12. 能力：ability = capacity = power = skill13. 职业：job = career = employment = profession14. 娱乐：enjoyment = pastimes = recreation=entertainment15. 孩子：children = offspring = descendant= kid★短语：1. 充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundatewith = be saturated with2. 努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare noefforts for3. 从事：embark on = take up = set about = go in for4. 在当代: in contemporary society = in present-daysociety= in this day and age5. 大量的: a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of =a vast amount of1.individuals,characters, folks替换(people ,persons)2: positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior 替换good3: dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad,如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换eg. An army of college students indulge themselves inplaying games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches tograduation, as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a hostof, many, if not most)替换many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。

没有 growingly 这种形式。

所以当修饰名词时用 increasing/growing ；修饰形容词，副词用 increasingly)Private cars haveCellphones are with the development of informationtechnology.I hope my suggestions are of great help to you.… : it reminded me of …7.hardly necessary,hardly inevitable8.:sth appeals to sb, / sth exerts a tremendousfascination on sb.The performance appealed to me.The natural views exerted a tremendous fascination on me.1: … keep sb. company1’s companysth.’t get enough of sth./ sb.Tom the performance.19.interactionThe: participated in … actively / got involved in sth.: /engaged in…2It hit me that …/It struck me that … /A thoughtcrossed my mind that …’s mind:: took some shots of …. got some goodshots of … /pointed/focused a camera on sth. / camera flashed / clickedI managed the building.Our parents us.when we got onto the stage.thrilled…)/ without hesitation /wasting no timeto do sth.3repaid.We paida visit tothe school withthe aimof increasingstudents' awareness of environmental protection.He started the activity for the purpose of helping the people in need 需要帮助的Shoppers crowded into the market in the hope of finding a bargain.She couldn't 掩饰快乐，愉悦if nobody else were present.Her eyes shine with excitement.Their faces shone with delight.The audience vi.The vt.vi.The audience一阵热烈的掌声There was when the winners ran onto the stage.The audience回忆涌上心头使回想起That day满面笑容 She stands on the stage,smilingfromear toear.smile broadly / sweetly / happily / brightly / warmly / politely He sat there smilingbroadly.their faces.A broad smile spread across her face, hearing the news.a broad / wide / big / friendly / warm / bright / beaming / radiant smile努力He has taken great pains to improve his grades.He has always taken great pains with his lecture.The teacher took the trouble to learn all our names on the first day.He took trouble with his appearance.通过某人的努力The money was collected through our efforts.He catch up with his classmates.put effort into (doing) sth. This put more effort into their work after that.值得努力It's difficult to accomplish the task, but it is well worth the effort.不遗余力地做某事They will spare to effort to give the poor guy a hand.a collective / joint / team / cooperative / collaborative effort 共同努力The accomplishment of the work was really a team / joint effort.全力以赴 Wearegoingall outfor thevictory inthegame.time.给某人留下深刻印象Emma certainly left a positive impression on me.She made a strong / deep impression on me the first time I met her.H er generosity andhonesty made a lastingimpressiononmy teacher andme.We were impressed with the good deeds of all the candidates.让某人意识到某种情况It was the incident that opened my eyes to her true character.The training opened my eyes to the consequence of our behavior.This experience really broadened her horizons.让某人真正理解 ..The activity gave us a real insight into the importance of teamwork.某人理解...I gained more insights about him from reading books than talking to him.The experience provided valuable insights into the nature of human society.给...解释；使某人理解 ...Mike enlightened me as to the nature of the experiment.adj.受启发的He found the conversation very enlightening.开明的，开通的The parents took an enlightened approach / attitude to child-rearing.Her of gratitude.The tears he shedwere tears ofjoy.She began to cry again, but they were tears of joy.Tears of happiness poureddownher cheeks.By this time, tears were streaming down my face.被感动落泪不让眼泪掉下来眼里噙满了泪水Mary 哭起来That 让某人流泪I was sweating a lot despite the air conditioning.Within minutes she was sweating heavily.The players ran very fast and sweated bucketsSweat was running down his face.在耳中回响Withhis words ringinginmy ears throughthe years, I feel I amready torise to any challenge at any time.He left with the teacher's praises ringing in his ears.在脑中回响My mom's words rang out in my head like a church bell.The gymnasium rang with the loud cheers of the students.The whole room rang with their laughter./ auditorium / cinema / theatre / building / house . . . 回荡在...Our teacher's voice echoed around the classroom.His laughter echoed through the house.在耳中回响Her words still echo in my ears.the theatre / room / auditoriumdisappointed/ panicked/ scared/ terrified/ sad/ cautious / funny / confused/puzzled/curious /skeptical /satisfied/determined/sympathetic /grateful /guilty /joy /disappointmentHe tried to hide the look of disappointment on her face.There was an expression of joy on his face.She had a curious look in her eyes.He opened the door with a surprised look on his face.A worried expression crossed her face.A look of joy appeared on his face.She wear a curious expression on her face.Mike's face had a grateful look.I saw the delight in the boy's eyes.充满 (快乐，活力)His face was alive with excitement.The whole house was alive with activity.The room was alive with the sound of cheering.活跃起来，有兴趣，变得有趣She came alive when she sat down at the piano. The game came alive when he scored a goal.All at once, there was a knock at the door.37. by accident / by chance: I met her by accident.38. sing out loud 大声唱出来visit pay a visit to exploreActions speak louder than words. 行动胜于言辩All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。

考研英语作文常用短语1. In the first place - 首先2. To begin with - 首先3. Furthermore - 此外4. Moreover - 而且5. In addition - 另外6. Consequently - 因此7. As a result - 结果8. Therefore - 因此9. Hence - 因此10. Consequently - 因此11. Undoubtedly - 毫无疑问地12. Undeniably - 不可否认地13. It is universally acknowledged that - 众所周知14. It goes without saying that - 不用说15. It is imperative that - 重要的是16. It is essential that - 重要的是17. It is crucial that - 至关重要的是18. It is noteworthy that - 值得注意的是19. It is important to realize that - 重要的是认识到20. It is undeniable that - 不可否认的是21. It is apparent that - 显然22. It is evident that - 显然23. It is clear that - 显然24. As is often the case - 正如通常情况一样25. As is commonly believed - 正如人们普遍认为的26. As is well known - 众所周知27. As is generally accepted - 通常被接受的是28. As has been mentioned above - 如上所述29. As has been stated - 如前所述30. As has been argued - 如前所论证的31. As far as I am concerned - 就我而言32. As far as I can see - 就我所见33. As far as it concerns - 就我所知34. As far as I understand - 据我理解35. From my perspective - 从我的角度来看36. From my point of view - 从我的观点来看37. In my opinion - 在我看来38. In my view - 在我的观点中39. In my estimation - 在我的估计中40. In conclusion - 最后41. To sum up - 总之42. To summarize - 总结起来43. In summary - 总的来说44. To recapitulate - 重述45. To reiterate - 重申46. To conclude - 总结47. To wrap up - 总结48. To round off - 圆满结束49. To bring to a close - 终结50. To draw to a close - 接近尾声这些短语可以用于考研英语作文中，帮助考生构建文章的逻辑结构，使文章更加流畅和有说服力。

大学英语作文常用短语1. In the first place - 首先，用来引出文章的首个观点或论据。

2. Furthermore - 此外，用来添加额外的信息或进一步阐述。

3. Consequently - 因此，用来展示因果关系。

4. However - 然而，用来引入一个转折或相反的观点。

5. On the other hand - 另一方面，用来对比两个不同的观点或论点。

6. In conclusion - 总之，用来总结文章的主要观点。

7. It is widely believed that - 人们普遍认为，用来表达一个普遍的观点或信念。

8. There is no denying that - 不可否认，用来强调一个事实或观点。

9. It is universally acknowledged that - 众所周知，用来表达一个广泛接受的观点。

10. As a matter of fact - 事实上，用来提供事实支持一个观点。

11. In addition - 另外，用来增加额外的信息或论据。

12. For instance - 例如，用来提供具体的例子。

13. To sum up - 总结起来，用来结束文章并回顾主要论点。

14. Not only... but also - 不仅...而且...，用来强调两个或多个相关的观点或事实。

15. Given the above reasons - 鉴于上述原因，用来引出基于前文论据的结论。

16. It goes without saying that - 不用说，用来表达一个显而易见的观点。

17. To begin with - 首先，用来开始讨论一个话题或论点。

18. As a result - 结果，用来展示结果或后果。

19. In my opinion - 我认为，用来表达个人的观点或看法。

20. By and large - 大体上，用来总结或概括一个情况或观点。

英语作文常用的单词1. Introduction - 开始段落常用词汇- Nowadays - 现今- In recent years - 近年来- It is widely believed that - 人们普遍认为- With the development of - 随着...的发展2. Body Paragraphs - 正文段落常用词汇- Firstly/First of all - 首先- Moreover/Furthermore - 此外- In addition - 另外- Consequently - 因此- On the one hand...On the other hand - 一方面...另一方面 - For instance - 例如- As a result - 结果- Therefore - 因此- Nevertheless - 然而3. Examples and Evidence - 举例和证据常用词汇- For example - 例如- Such as - 比如- As an illustration - 作为例证- Evidence shows that - 证据显示- According to - 根据4. Concluding Paragraph - 结尾段落常用词汇- In conclusion - 总之- To sum up - 总结- In summary - 总的来说- All in all - 总的来说- Therefore - 因此- It can be concluded that - 可以得出结论5. Opinions and Views - 观点和看法常用词汇- I believe that - 我认为- It is my view that - 我的看法是- In my opinion - 在我看来- Personally - 个人而言- From my perspective - 从我的角度来看6. Causation and Effect - 因果关系常用词汇- Because - 因为- Due to - 由于- Owing to - 由于- As a result of - 由于- Consequently - 因此7. Comparison and Contrast - 比较和对比常用词汇 - Similarly - 同样地- In contrast - 相比之下- On the contrary - 相反- Whereas - 然而8. Emphasis - 强调常用词汇- Indeed - 的确- Undoubtedly - 毫无疑问- Notably - 值得注意的是- Particularly - 特别地9. Transition Words - 过渡词汇- However - 然而- Nevertheless - 尽管如此- Thus - 因此- Hence - 因此10. Time and Sequence - 时间和顺序常用词汇- Firstly - 首先- Subsequently - 随后- Then - 然后- Finally - 最后11. Conditional and Hypothetical - 条件和假设常用词汇 - If - 如果- Provided that - 假设- In case - 如果- Unless - 除非12. Generalization and Specificity - 概括和具体常用词汇 - Generally speaking - 一般而言- Specifically - 具体来说- In particular - 特别地- For example - 例如13. Agreeing and Disagreeing - 同意和不同意常用词汇- I agree that - 我同意- I disagree with the idea that - 我不同意- On the contrary - 相反- I concede that - 我承认14. Defining and Describing - 定义和描述常用词汇- Definition - 定义- Characteristic - 特点- Essentially - 本质上- In essence - 本质上15. Problem and Solution - 问题和解决方案常用词汇- Problem - 问题- Issue - 问题- Dilemma - 困境- Solution - 解决方案- Remedy - 补救措施这些单词和短语是英语作文中非常有用的工具，可以帮助你构建清晰、有逻辑的文章结构，并有效地表达你的观点。

初中英语作文常用词汇高级替换表及句型English: When writing essays in junior high school, it is important to use a variety of vocabulary to make your writing more vibrant and sophisticated. Instead of using basic words like "good" or "bad", you can consider using advanced synonyms such as "excellent" or "detrimental". Additionally, you can replace common phrases like "in conclusion" with more elegant transitions like "ultimately" or "in sum". By incorporating these high-level vocabulary substitutions and sentence structures, you can enhance the quality of your writing and leave a lasting impression on your readers.中文翻译: 在初中写作文时，使用各种词汇是非常重要的，可以让你的写作更加生动和复杂。

可以考虑使用高级同义词，如“优秀”或“有害”，而不是基本词语如“好”或“坏”。

此外，可以将常见短语如“最后”替换为更优雅的过渡词汇，如“最终”或“总之”。

通过融入这些高水平的词汇替换和句型结构，可以提升你的写作质量，给读者留下深刻印象。

11个英语作文常用词汇的替代用语摘要：在英语写作中，我们常常会遇到一个问题明明是背了那么的单词，可一到写作的时候却总是无意识的选用一些普通简单的词汇呢。

为了帮助大家在英语写作中辞藻更加丰富生动，朽为大家总结出一些常用词汇的替代语，希望在英语写作中，我们常常会遇到一个问题明明是背了那么的`单词，可一到写作的时候却总是无意识的选用一些普通简单的词汇呢。

为了帮助大家在英语写作中辞藻更加丰富生动，店铺为大家总结出一些常用词汇的替代语，希望大家的英语写作更加富有文采：普通词汇一：help典型例句：I"ll help you .替代语 accomodate E.g: I"ll endeavour to accomodate you.普通词汇二： helpful典型例句：Sth is helpful (to sb)替代语 conducive E.g Sth is conducive to sb关于道德和品格塑造,再给出两个有用的短语:time-honored 时代赋予的do credit to our forbears 继承先辈的优秀传统普通词汇三：show典型例句：as it shows in the picture替代语 betray普通词汇四：think典型例句：i think ---- ----替代语 deem原文初中英语作文:让英语作文更具文采11个常用词汇的替代用语普通词汇五：ugly典型例句：xxx is ugly替代语 hideous普通词汇六：by the way典型例句：by the way,....替代语 incidentally,....普通词汇七： because典型例句：xxx because xxx替代语 in that/in as much as E.g: xxx because xxx普通词汇八：consider典型例句： We must consider xxx替代语：allow for E.g : We must allow for xxx普通词汇九：much典型例句：there has been a much increase in the world population替代语：there has been a drastic increase in the -----普通词汇十： about典型例句：it is about 250 times of that替代语 it is approximately ---普通词汇十一： buy替代语 purchase【 11个英语作文常用词汇的替代用语】。

英语作文常用短语和句型英语作文是学生们在学习英语中经常需要运用的技能之一。

在写作过程中适当运用一些常用短语和句型可以使文章更加流畅、地道。

本文将介绍一些常用的英语作文短语和句型，帮助读者提升英语写作水平。

常用短语1.In my opinion - 在我看来2.It is well known that - 众所周知3.As far as I am concerned - 就我而言4.It goes without saying that - 不言而喻5.According to the survey - 根据调查6.It is universally acknowledged that - 人们普遍承认7.It is widely believed that - 广泛认为8.It is true that - 的确9.There is no denying that - 不可否认10.The key point here is - 这里的关键点是常用句型1.On the one hand, on the other hand - 一方面，另一方面2.It is not only… but also - 不仅…而且3.Not only that, but also - 不但如此，而且4.One of the most important things is - 最重要的是5.It is important to note that - 值得注意的是6.It is widely accepted that - 广泛认为7.There is a growing concern over - 对…越来越关注8.It cannot be denied that - 不可否认的是以上是一些常见的英语作文常用短语和句型，希望读者可以在写作中灵活运用，提高写作水平。

愿读者在英语写作的道路上不断进步，取得更好的成绩。

初中英语作文常用短语1. First and foremost - 首先，最重要的是2. In addition to - 除了...之外3. Furthermore - 此外4. As a result - 结果5. For instance - 例如6. In conclusion - 总之7. To sum up - 总结起来8. On the one hand... On the other hand - 一方面...另一方面9. Not only... but also - 不仅...而且10. It is widely believed that - 人们普遍认为11. It is generally accepted that - 通常认为12. It is reported that - 据报道13. It is estimated that - 据估计14. It is suggested that - 建议15. It is necessary for sb to do sth - 某人有必要做某事16. It is important for sb to do sth - 对某人来说做某事很重要17. It is possible that - 有可能18. It is likely that - 很可能19. It is certain that - 确定20. It is essential that - 这是必要的21. It is worth noting that - 值得指出的是22. It is undeniable that - 不可否认的是23. It is obvious that - 显然24. It is true that - 确实25. It is interesting to note that - 有趣的是26. It is a fact that - 事实是27. It is common knowledge that - 众所周知28. It is a pleasure to - 很高兴做...29. It is an honor to - 很荣幸做...30. It is a pity that - 遗憾的是这些短语在初中英语作文中非常实用，可以帮助学生构建清晰、连贯的段落，使文章更加流畅和有说服力。

英语作文中必备的替换精髓词汇1. important =crucial (extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)10.top=peak, summitpetitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)13.opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makespeople feel ashamed or stupid)plain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental19.relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),compel21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)plex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)26.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly27.difficult=arduous (if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)31.big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal(use this word, you emphasize something’s large), tremendous(INFORMAL)32.avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately avoid that something or keep away from it.)33.fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)34.attack=assault (physically attack someone), assail (attack violently)35.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe(dislike very much)!36.ruin=devastate (it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.)39.always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)40.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a largedegree),astonish(the same as astound)42.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)44.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive)46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)47.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMAL)48.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)50.hot=boiling(very hot)51.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's safety and health)52.nowadays=currently53.only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive54.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)55.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)56.result=consequence(the results or effects of something)57.obvious=apparent, manifest58.basedon=derived fromcan see or notice them very easily)60.quite=fairly61.pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)62.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)63.appear=emerge(come into existence)64.whole=entire(the whole of something)65.wet=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)66.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)67.difficult=formidable68.change=convert(change into another form)69.typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)70.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent(careful andsensible)71.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)72.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)73.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)e= utilize (the same as use)75.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)76.satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure andsatisfaction)77.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)78.scholarship=fellowship79.angry=enraged(extremely angry)80.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)81.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)#82.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive),absorbing(something absorbing canattract you a great deal)83.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)84.disorder=disarray, chaos85.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)86.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly)87.ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)88.despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)89.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)/90.sharp=acute(severe and intense)91.unbelievable=inconceivable(ifyou deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen)92.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)93.method=avenue(away of getting something done)94.famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in their career)95.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)96.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)97.possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)98.so=consequently, accordingly99.rare=infrequent (doesn’t happen often)100.greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish)写作短语by accident偶然on account of… 因为…,由于…in addition to… 除…之外on (the/an) average平均,一般来说onthebasis of… 根据…,在…的基础上at (the) best充其量,至多on business因公,因事in any case无论如何,总之in case of… 假使…,万一…in case假如,以防(万一)免得in no case决不keep/hold pace with… 跟上…,及…同步take place发生,进行taketheplace of… 代替…make sense讲得通,有意义a great/good deal of大量(修饰不可数名词)influence on影响reply to…回答…,答复…once upon a time从前once in a while偶尔,有时account for…说明…allow for…考虑到…live on/by…靠…生活,以…为食refer to…参考…,查阅…,涉及…,提到…serve as…用做…take for把……认为是…,把……看成是…think over仔细考虑depend o n…取决于…devote to…奉献…,致力于…engage in…从事于…,忙着…insist on…坚持…look forward to…盼望…,期待…have something to do with…和…有点关系have nothing to do with…和…毫无关系be fed up with…对…感到厌烦take...as把…做为…think of...as…把…看做是…be abundant in…富于…,富有…be accustomed to习惯于be aware of…意识到…be based on…根据…,以…为基础be characterized by…以…为特征be composed of…由…组成be concerned about…关心…,挂念…be determined to do something决心做…be equal to…等于…be free from没有……的,不受……影响be identified as…被认为是…be known as被称做……,以……著称be known to为……所熟知be popular wi th…受……欢迎be prepared for对……做好准备be regarded as被认为是…,被当做是…be satisfied with对……满意,满足于…be second to…次于…be sick of…对…感到厌倦be used as…被用做…be used to…习惯于…get used to…习惯于…all of a sudden 突然all the time 一直,始终as a rule 通常,照例as far as ...be concerned 就...而言as to… 至于…,关于…at best 充其量,至多before long 不久以后beyond question 毫无疑问by all means 尽一切办法,务必every now and then 时而,偶尔in itself 本质上,就其本身而言sooner or later 迟早,早晚abide by… 遵守…,信守…agree with及…相一致同意…be beneficial to… 有利于…,有益于…turn a blind eye to… 对…视而不见by leaps and bounds飞速地,突飞猛进地when it comes to一谈到…,就…而论disagree with… 及…意见不一致不同意…give an opinion on… 对…发表意见adapt oneself to…=adjust oneself to…使自己适应于…attribute…to…把…归因于…,认为…是…的结果comment on…评论…concentrate on/upon…集中注意力于…on the contrary及之相反convince somebody of something使某人确信某事deprive somebody of something剥夺某人某物derive from…起源于in detail详细地be equipped with…装备有…in essence本质上to…extent在…程度上inform somebody of something通知某人某事lie in在于…来源:网major in主修…in the light of… 按照…,根据…by chance偶然,碰巧in charge o f… 负责…,主管…in common共用,共有,共同in conclusion最后,总之on condition that在…条件下in connection with/to… 关于…in consequence因此,结果in consequence of… 由于…的缘故on the contrary反之,正相反in contrast with/to… 及…成对照under control被控制住at all costs不惜任何代价at the cost of… 以…为代价in t he course of… 在…过程中,在…期间in detail详细地论坛in difficulties处境困难on earth究竟,到底at all events无论如何in any event无论如何in effect实际上with the exception of… 除…之外in the face of… 面对…,不顾…in favor of… 有利于…,赞成…,支持…in general通常,大体上at heart在内心,实质上in honor of… 为纪念…,向…表示敬意at intervals不时,时时at length终于,最后,详细地at a loss困惑,不知所措by all means无论如何,必定by means of… 借助于…,用…by no means决不by mistake错误地in nature本质上on occasion有时,不时in particular特别地,尤其,详细地inthefirst place起初,首先in the last place最后in practice实际上来源：at present目前,现在i n proportion to… 及…成比例for (the) purpose of… 为了…on purpose故意,有意at random随意地,任意地at any rate无论如何,至少by reason of… 由于…with/in regard to… 对于…,就…而论with respect to… 关于…as a result结果,因此as a result of… 由于…的缘故in the long run最终,从长远观点看for the sake of… 为了…起见at first sight乍一看,初看起来in spite of… 不管…,不顾…in terms of… 依据…,按照…on the second thoughts经重新考虑,一转念from time to time有时,不时in truth事实上,实际上,的确on the whole总的来说have/gain access to…可以获得…take...into account把…加以考虑论坛gain/have an advantage over…胜过…,优于…take advan tage of…利用…,趁…之机make the best of…充分利用…,妥善处理…take charge of…担任…,负责…make a/the difference有影响,很重要carry/bring into effect使生效,使起作用put into effect实行,生效come/go into effect生效,实施keep an eye on…留意…,照看…bear/keep in mind记住make up one’s mind下决心. 不用说¸…It goes without saying that从句 = (It is) needless to say (that)从句 = It is obvious that 从句 = Obviously, S. + V. 例∶不用说早睡早起是值得的. It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.2. 我深信… I am greatly convinced (that)从句 = I am greatly assured (that)从句例∶我深信预防好于治疗. I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure.3. 在各种…之中¸ …Among various kinds of …, …= Of all the …, … 例∶在各种运动中¸我尤其喜欢慢跑. Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.4. …是很容易证明的.It can be easily proved (that)从句例∶时间最珍贵是很容易证明的. It can be easily proved that nothing is more precious than time.5. …无论如何强调都不为过.… cannot be overemphasized 例∶交通安全的重要性无论如何强调都不为过. The importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized.6. 就我的看法¸…；我认为…In my opinion, …= To my mind, ….= As far as I am concerned, … 例∶就我的看法¸打电动玩具既花费时间也有害健康. In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.7. (A) 每个人都知道… Everyone knows (that)从句＝It’s well-known that =As we all know,…(B) 就我所知¸…As far as my knowledge is concerned, … 例∶就我所知¸下列方法对我帮助很大. As far as my knowledge is concerned, the following ways are of great help to me.8. 毫无疑问地¸…There is no doubt (that)从句例∶毫无疑问地¸近视在我国的年轻人中是一个严重的问题. There is no doubt that near-sightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country.9. 根据我个人经验¸…According to my personal experience, … = Based on my personal experience, … 例∶根据我个人经验¸微笑已带给我许多好处. According to my personal experience,smile has done me a lot of good.10. 在我认识的人当中¸也许没有一个人比…更值得我尊敬. Of all the people I know, perhaps none deserves my respect more than … 例∶在我认识的人当中¸也许没有一个人比我的英文老师张老师更值得我尊敬. Of all the people I know, perhaps none deserves my respect more than Miss Chang, my English teacher.11. (A) 随着人口的增加¸… With the increase/growth of the population, …(B) 随着科技的进步, … With the advance of science and technology, … 例∶随着台湾经济的快速发展¸许多社会问题产生了. With the rapid development of Taiwan's economy, a lot of social problems have come to pass.写作高频词汇i. Education 类词汇Education:培养（某种素质） cultivate/ foster/ nurture(vts)促进学生身心发展promote the student’s physicalmental and emotional developmentIntellectual and emotional development心理健康 psychological soundnesspsychological well-beingPsychological welfare(nouns)学习能力（先天就有的） aptitude、talent学习能力（后天学习到的） ability、skill学生接受的学校教育（名词） schooling(noun)儿童接受的家庭教育（名词） upbringing给学生以动力 give the students motivation to do somethingmotivate (vt) the student to do something青少年 adolescents、youngsters、youths2)传授知识 impart(vt)、inculcate(vt) knowledge灌输高尚的道德观念 instill(vt) high moral values (注以values 复数比试价值观) 给学生以灵感stimulate the student’s thoughtgive the students inspiration家长教育子女的方式（名词） parenting、upbringing教学法 teaching methodology、pedagogical methodology适应（动词） adapt to do somethingadjust oneself to do somethingbecome accustomed to do something适应能力 adaptability学生对老师所教授的知识的掌握students’ graspcommand(nouns) of what has been taught就业技能 employable、marketable skill3)限制创造力的发展 extinguish(vt)、stifle(vt)、 constrain(vt) creativity(noun) 打击学生的积极性dampen the students’ enthusiasmsap(vts) the students’ enthusiasmfrustrate the students产生不必要的压力 beget、create undue pressure塑造某人的性格mould(BrE,vt) one’s character责任感 a sense of obligation学生不应该只是被动的接收简单知识的容器student should not be treated as passive receptacles of predigested ideas.死记硬背 learn thing by rote.4)记忆方程式，公式，定理，定律 memorize equationsmemorize Formulasmemorize theoremsmemorize laws(nouns)应用 apply (vt)盲从 follow something blindlyfollow something indiscriminately（adv）用填鸭式教学教育学生 force-feed(vt) the students为了记忆而记忆 memorize for memorization’ s own sake5)把学生分开教育（比如根据智力或者课堂上的表现） segregate(vt) students来自于其他同学的压力 peer pressure逆境 adverse circumstancesadverse adversity团队精神 team spirit(noun)独立思考 think independently(adv)6)在理解的基础上学习 learn things through understanding鼓励学生用辨证的眼光看问题 encourage students to think critically(adv)学生的反馈students’ feedbackstudents’ input学生评价老师的教学 students appraise their teachers’performanceevaluate their teachers’performance7)学生学习的各门功课加在一起 curriculum(noun)具体的一门课的内容 syllabus课外活动 extra-curricular activity学校是社会的缩影 A school is society in miniature不遵守纪律（名词） indiscipline、misbehavior、 mischief (nouns)不遵守纪律的（形容词）学生 disruptive studentsunruly students8)理论知识 theoretical knowledge通才 generalist专才 specialist全面发展的 well-rounded /versatile为社会健康发展做贡献 contribute to societal well-beingcontribute to societal welfare (注意这里welfare 不是“福利”的意思)9)大学学科的分类可以分为：人文学科（包括文学、历史、语言学等）社会科学（包括政治、经济、社会学等）humanities艺术（包括音乐、雕塑等）social sciences arts文科的总称也可以称为 liberal artsliberal studies理科（包括物理、化学、生物等）sciences 工科（包括工程，自动化等）基础科学 basic sciences应用科学 applied sciences小学教育 primary-level education中学教育 secondary-level education大学教育 tertiary-level education职业教育 vocational education/ training青少年 adolescents/ youngsters/Youthsii. Technology & media 类词汇10）尖端的技术 cutting-edged(adj) technology信息爆炸 information explosion/information overload信息时代 the information age/ the information era无联网被广泛的使用 the proliferation of the Internet科技创新及发展 technological innovations/inventions/ advances/ progressions (nouns) 提高效率 augment/ enhance/ boost(vts)efficiency提高生产效率 augment/ enhance/ boost(vts) productivity11）减少人力的机器（计算机发明之前的技术） labor-saving machinery取代人力的机器 labor-replacing machinery自动化 automation (noun)、automated(adj) 生物技术 biotechnology克隆 cloning (noun) clone (verb)远程通讯 telecommunications(noun)太空探索（名词） space exploration人的基因构成one’sgenetic m akeupone’s DNA programmingMedia12)实事current affairs新闻界 the press印刷媒体（如报纸、杂志） the print media报道新闻的机构 news outlets电子媒体 the electronic media无处不在的 prevalent、ubiquitous、pervasive充斥着… be awash withbe inundated withbe saturated with something审查 censor删除 delete、eliminate、excise(vts)过多的暴力及色情内容 excessive violent and pornographic contentsgratuitous violent and pornographic contents13)有误导性的 misleading、 misrepresented、distorted诈骗性的 fraudulent虚假的 false、 bogus报道非常详细的细节 report something in graphic detail媒体炒作 media hype夸大事实 exaggerate thingssensationalize thingsblow things out of all proportion(最后一个口语化说法，但作文也可用)客观公正的 objective and balanced揭露 expose、reveal14)侵犯隐私 violate someone ‘ s privacyintrude on someone ‘ s privacyinfringe on someone ‘ s privacy毁坏某人的名誉 tarnish one’s reputationSully one’s reputationSmear one’s reputationbesmirch one’s reputation狗仔队 paparazzi(复数名词，不能加s)名人 a celebrity、 celebrities(plural)丑闻 scandals掩盖（丑闻或罪行等） cover upgloss overwhitewash15)不客观的，不公正的 biased、skewed、un-objective如实描写 factual accounts可信的 reliable、trustworthy、dependable及时的 up-to-dateup-to –the-minute （后者比前者更及时）信息量大的 informative娱乐性强的 entertaining有新闻价值 newsworthy道德准则 code of ethiccode of conductiii. Tourism 类词汇16)旅游景点 tourist attractiontourist spotsplaces of interest开阔眼界 push backexpand one’s visionhorizons (注意 horizons 必须是复数)游客及当地人互动 Tourists can interact with the locals促进文化交流 promote cultural communication吸引 draw、attract、appeal to (vts)、 be a magnet for somebody 亲身体验（名词）first-hand experience(noun)多种感观体验的（如听觉、触觉等） multi-sensory(adj)冲突 conflict(noun, vi+with)争端 discord、dissension把游客和当地人隔绝 seclude the tourists from the localsisolate(vts) the tourists from the locals商业化 commercialize、commodify（vts）欺骗游客的手段 tourist traps间接体验（比如通过电视或者互联网，名词）second-hand experiencevicarious experience文化遗产 cultural heritage互联网不会让旅游业过时The Internet will not render tourism obsolete.iv. Government 类词汇Government17)当局 authorities老百姓 citizens、the citizenry(全体公民，不可数)规范，管理 regulate、administer、oversee(vts)实施 implement立法 legislate、make laws严禁 strictly prohibitban altogether严格的法律 stringent laws/ legislation监督 scrutiny(noun)、 scrutinize(vt)、monitor(vt)19)为…拨款 allocate money to somethingsubsidize(vt)be a patron ofinvest infinance(vt）fund(vt) dedicate money to something预算 budget税收 tax revenue政府在某方面的开支 the government spendingexpenditure on something削减 curtail增加 augment当务之急 priority把…当成当务之急 give priority to something.责任 obligation、responsibility20)军备竞赛 arms race自卫 self-defense国土安全 national securityhomeland security缺乏远见的政策 short-sighted policy扩张 expansion/ aggression谋求霸权 seek hegemonypursue(vts) hegemony恶性循环 a vicious circle地区不稳定因素 destabilizing factor规章制度 rules and regulations21)太空竞赛 space race武器 arms、 weapons、armaments下岗工人 lay-off workersdownsize workers失业 unemployment、joblessness基础设施 infrastructure比如 public transport system 公共交通系统power grid 电网pipelines 石油和天然气管道water supply and drainage system 给排水系统等民主及开放的政府 a democratic and progressive governmentv. Animals 类词汇Animals22)动物权益保护主义者 animal rights activists医学研究 medical research残忍的 cruel、merciless、inhuman、callous、brutal活体解剖 vivisection麻醉 anaesthetic减轻动物的痛苦 alleviate、ease animals’ pain宠物是主人的伙伴 pets are companions of their masters给主人心理安慰 afford their masters consolation and comfort偷猎 poach(vi,vt)、poaching(noun)某一种事物是没有替代物的there are no replacement for something.there are no Substitutes for something.there are no alternatives(单数则去掉s) for something.vi. Language & Culture 必备词汇23)一种可以通用的语言（比如英语） a lingua francaa universal languagea global language英语的广泛应用 the proliferation of English英语的统治地位 the dominant role of Englishthe ascendancy of Englishthe hegemony of English方言 dialect、vernacular、the indigenous language小语种将会消亡 Lesser-known language will become extinct/obsolete小语种的消亡 the extinction/ demise of lesser-known languages24) 文化遗产包括有形跟无形两种，有形的入历史遗迹，无形的入风俗，仪式，传统道德观念等Cultural heritage can be divided into two groups, tangible cultural heritage, suchas historic sites and intangible heritage, such as customs, rites, rituals and mores, etc. 保护 preserve祖先 forefathers/ ancestors后代 descendants/posterity(后一个是不可数名词)少数民族 ethnic minorities25)民族团结 the harmony between ethnic group/ race文化融合 cultural integration and synthesis相互影响 interaction文化多元性 cultural diversity丰富 enrich狭隘的观念 insular、provincial、parochial mentality贬低 deprecatedDenigrateminimize the importance ofDisparageTrivializediscredit某事不是一成不变的 something is not set in stonesomething is not carved in stonevii. Development类常用词汇26)生活节奏加速 the tempo of life has acceleratedthe pace of life has accelerated疲劳 fatigue导致人及人的疏远 create alienation between people过于功利的 materialistic、 mercenary、money-worshiping追求最大限度利润 pursue maximum profit交通堵塞 traffic jamstraffic congestionsgrid block(最后一个是不可数名词)阻碍 impede、hinder、hamper、obstruct、inhibit扶贫 poverty alleviation就业机会 job opportunity/employment opportunity贫穷的 needy、 poverty-stricken、impoverished、deprived、destitute、indigent 富裕的 affluent、wealthy、 well-off27)撞车 car wreckscar accidents行人 pedestrians交通肇事者 traffic accident perpetrators违章横穿马路 jaywalk(可以记忆为：周杰伦走路――不走寻常路――美特斯邦威)监控摄像头 surveillance cameras28)有特殊审美价值的老房子old buildings of special aesthetic value(注意审美观的英文说法是 aesthetic values 复数)有历史特殊意义的老房子 buildings of historic significance民居 vernacular dwellings让城市更美观 beautify the citiesbetter the cityscape破旧的房子 decrepit、rundown、rickety、dilapidated拆除 tear down a buildingdemolish a buildingraze a buildingknock down a building高楼 high-rise building摩天楼 skyscrapers城市化 urbanization城乡差距 the disparity between the city and countryside城市的 urban乡村的 rural搬迁 relocate(vi,vt)29)在家上班（动词） telecommute休闲 leisure、recreation精神上的享受 amusement and enjoyment娱乐 entertainment、diversion宽松的管理 laissez-faire management运营成本 operating costsoverhead costs雇用 recruit会导致效率降低的 counterproductive劳动力资源 labor pool抑郁症 depression失眠 sleeplessness、sleep-deprivation、insomnia人口爆炸 population explosion/population boom控制人口 birth control、family planning爱慕虚荣的 pretentious、ostentatious缺少运动的生活方式 sedentary lifestyle营养过剩 over nourishmentviii. Environment 类常用词汇Environment30)生态平衡 ecological balanceecological equilibrium可持续发展 sustainable development环保主义者 environmentalists、conservationists对环境无害的 environmentally-friendly节约使用 conserve(vt)保护preserve 再利用（动词）reuse、recycle各国必须携手解决环境问题：Countries on this planet must join forces/make a concerted effort /unite to combat/tackle/resolve/address environmental problems.增强公众关于…的意识 raise the public awareness of somethingelevate the public awareness of something短缺 shortage、 scarcity、 dearth、 lack给资源造成很大压力 put a strain on the already stretched resource破坏自然资源 wreak havoc on natural resources砍伐森林 deforestation污染 pollute、contaminate有毒的 poisonous、toxic31)增加农产品产量 boost crop yield可再生资源 renewable resource不可再生资源 non-renewable resource(包括金属metal,矿产 minerals,石油 petroleum,天然气natural gas,煤coal 等，后三种可以总称为fossil fuels)消耗（某种资源） consume、deplete用尽 use up、 exhaust严厉的措施 harsh action、measures生态系统 ecosystem、ecological system某一地区所有的生物的总称he wildlife in a region/the biota(=flora + fauna) of a region生物多样性 biodiversity32)污水 effluent/sewage排放 discharge温室效应 greenhouse effectglobal warming严重的 severe 、grave白色污染产生的垃圾 non-biodegradable garbagewastes that cannot decompose or break down/ inorganic trash谴责而不是纵容 condemn rather than condone something臭氧层 ozone layer肥沃的土壤 fertile soil贫瘠的土壤 infertile soil耕地 arable land/ farmlandix. Globalization 类常用词汇Globalization35)(一个国家或者地区的)文化特性（national or regional）cultural identity全球文化同一化过程 global cultural homogenization（名词，即地区文化特征的消失）文化同一性（或者叫文化均质性，名词）cultural homogeneity/cultural uniformity全球化是一把双刃剑 Globalization is a two-edge sword.地球村 the global villagex. Family类常用词汇37)老年人 elderly people/ senior citizens家庭成员间的情感纽带 family bonds/ family ties归属感 a sense of belonging对…的依恋 an attachment to something/ an affinity for something 贫穷的家庭 deprived families富裕的家庭 affluent families单亲家庭 single-parent household虐待 mistreat、 abuse家庭暴力 domestic violence毒品上瘾 addiction to drugsbe addicted to drugs写作必背40个提分句式.1. It must be pointed out that it is one of our basic State policies to control population growth while raising the quality of the population.2. It is (has been) estimated that the world's population could reach 6 billion by the end of the century.3. It must be kept in mind that there is no secret of success but hard work.4. It can be seen from this that there is no difficulty in the world we can overcome.5. As is known man is the product of labour.6. It is a common saying that man who has a settled purpose will surely succeed.7. It is clear that the enemy has no desire for peace.8. It is hard to imagine how Edison managed to work twenty hours each day.9. It's hard to say whether the plan is practicable.10. There is no doubt that you will be helped by others if you have any difficulties.11. It seems certain that they have made a series of experiments.12. It is said that bats have been using radar for millions of years.13. To tell the truth , many mistakes we made could have been avoided.14. As we know, it was not until recently that the problem was solved.15. It must be admitted that you haven't done what you promised to do.16. In my opinion, this computer is different from that one you saw.17. It is certain that we have a long way to go.18. All this shows that nothing can prevent us from reaching our aims.19. As far as we know, it took him more than a year to write the book.20. It has been proved that every substance, no matter what it is, is made up of atoms.21. It has been decided that we are going to build a railway whose base must be completed within this year.22. It is obvious (evident) that the success of the innovation depends on our concerted efforts.23. To be frank, whether you like it or not, you have no other choice.24. It is natural that one may have trouble expressing complicated ideas in simple English.25. What is more important, the agreement they have negotiated is being carried out.26. We will be successful as long as we persevere.27. Frankly speaking, what you call the truth may not apply to things happening here.28. It is true that we must redouble our efforts; otherwise we cannot catch up with the developed countries.29. I take it for granted that they will support this idea. I regard it as natural that they will agree to this idea.30. In a certain sense, a successful scientist is a person who is never satisfied with what he has achieved.31. The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it.32. There is no denying the fact that the new management method has greatly increased the production.33. There is no denying the fact that the new management method has greatly increased the production.34. Upon hearing the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he couldn't utter a word.35. As the saying goes, nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.36. Our goal must be attained. Our goal can unquestionably be attained.37. Noting can prevent us from realizing the four modernizations.38. Now in China, more and more families can afford to buy high-grade goods, such as washing machines, TV sets, videocorders.39. No matter how difficult English may be, you should do your best to learn it.。