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非谓语动词非谓语动词有3种形式：不定式、分词和动名词。
动词不定式动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成（有时不带to）。
它不能单独作谓语，不随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。
动词不定式连同它的宾语、状语等一起构成不定式短语，不定式短语可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语和主语补足语。
1.动词不定式的句法作用(1)作主语① 不定式在句中作主语，相当于名词或代词的作用，谓语动词通常用单数。
●To learn English well is difficult.●To read good books makes him happy.② 不定式作主语常常用it作为形式主语，不定式置于句尾。
其句型有3种：1)It + v.+宾语/表语+to do sth.●It is a great honor to give a lecture here.●It is a great pleasure to work with you.●It took me two days to finish the report.●It makes me feel happy to think about my kids.2)It + be +表语+for sb. + to do sth.●It is not easy for her to grasp a foreign language.●It was necessary for him to find out the truth.●It is hard for us to work out the problem.3)It + be +表语+ of +名词/代词+ to do sth.●It is very kind of you to give me a hand.●It was careless of you to leave your bag in the taxi.③ “疑问代词/疑问副词/连接词+不定式”结构作主语●How to stop polluting rivers is a big problem.●When and where to hold the meeting is still unknown.(2)作表语① 动词不定式直接作表语●The most important thing for him is to take care of his parents.●The only thing we can do is to wait and see.●Our goal is to reach the top of the mountain before 11 a.m..② “how/ what/ when/ where/ which/ why +不定式”结构作表语●The question is how to improve ourselves in English.●The point is when to leave for Hong Kong.●The difficulty is which one to give the reward to.(3)作宾语① 动词不定式直接作及物动词的宾语常以动词不定式作宾语的动词由:afford, agree, ask, begin, choose, continue, decide, demand, expect, forget, hate, help, intend, learn, like, mean, need, offer, plan, prepare, prefer, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, require, start, try, volunteer, want, wish等。
三年（2022-2024）中考英语真题分项汇编（全国通用）专题11 非谓语动词(2024中考真题）1. （2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）My little brother suggested ________ for a walk.A. to goB. goingC. goes2. （2024·江苏省扬州市·中考真题）China has made great efforts ________ other countries build high-speed railways.A. helpB. to helpC. helpingD. helped3. （2024·四川达州市·中考真题）Qiqi hopes ________ medicine in Sichuan University.A. studiesB. studyingC. to study4. （2024·天津·中考真题）People may use different body language _________ the same feelings.A. showB. to showC. showedD. shows5. （2024·云南省·中考真题）Our headmaster will invite a scientist ________ us a speech on space technology.A. giveB. givenC. givingD. to give6. （2024·四川凉山·中考真题）______ teenagers’ eyesight, experts advise them to stay away from electronic products.A. ProtectB. To protectC. Protecting7. （2024·四川泸州市·中考真题）______ healthy, we students always do morning exercises every day at school.A. KeepB. To keepC. KeepingD. Keeps8. （2024·四川自贡市·中考真题）To save energy, don’t forget ________ the light before you leave the room.A. turn offB. turning offC. to turn off(2023中考真题）1．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）I have decided to go to Beijing and ________ one of my old friends there.A．visiting B．visited C．visits D．visit2．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题）________ down air pollution, we should walk or take the bus instead of driving.A．Cut B．To cut C．Cutting3．（2023·吉林·统考中考真题）We hope ________ a beautiful home by living a low-carbon life (低碳生活).A．build B．building C．to build4．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）—Shall we go swimming this afternoon?—I would rather ________ at home than ________ swimming.A．stay; going B．stay; go C．to stay; to go5．（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）I saw Lily ________ when I passed her room.A．dance B．dancing C．to dance6．（2023·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）Today, we must continue working ________ our skies blue, waters clean and lands clear.A．keep B．to keep C．keeping7．（2023·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）—Are you going to read the book Journey to the West?—Yes. Our teacher expects us ________ such traditional Chinese books.A．read B．reading C．to read8．（2023·福建·统考中考真题）It’s reported that China plans ________ astronauts to the moon before 2030.A．send B．sending C．to send9．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）—Our school will invite Mr. Wang ________ us a talk on environmental protection next week.—That’s wonderful!A．give B．to give C．giving D．gave10．（2023·吉林长春·统考中考真题）We expect the world _______ China better after the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou.A．understanding B．to understand C．understood D．understand11．（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）Boys and girls, good luck and wish you ________ good grades in a new year.A．get B．getting C．to get12．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）We should avoid ________ a noise in the library.A．make B．to make C．making13．（2023·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）________ beautiful day! Let’s take a walk by the lake.A．What B．What a C．How14．（2023·天津·统考中考真题）David learnt ________ when he was five.A．swim B．swims C．swam D．to swim15．（2023·云南·统考中考真题）Today is Father’s Day, and I plan ________ a dinner for my father.A．to prepare B．preparing C．prepared D．prepare16．（2023·四川泸州·统考中考真题）— What are you going to do this summer vacation?— I plan ________ Hua Hua, a nearly 3-year-old lovely panda in Chengdu.A．see B．saw C．seeing D．to see17．（2023·四川达州·统考中考真题）—The Lifelong Journey is one of the most touching books ________ I have ever read.—Yeah, the book is fantastic and I am looking forward to ________ it again.A．that, reading B．which, to read C．that, to read18．（2023·四川达州·统考中考真题）The teachers used to ________ key points on the blackboard, but now they are getting used to ________ them through PPTs.A．write, showing B．writing, show C．write, show19．（2023·四川自贡·统考中考真题）—Mike, we are told not ________ the phone while crossing the street. —I am sorry. I won’t do it again.A．answering B．to answer C．answer7．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared ________ the STEAM Club.A．join B．joining C．to join D．to joining20．（2023·湖南怀化·统考中考真题）Many people enjoy ______ zongzi by themselves on the Dragon Boat Festival.A．making B．made C．to make(2022中考真题）1．（2022·湖南益阳·中考真题）—Tom, do you think reading is important?—Yes, I do. So I decide ________ more time reading from now on.A．spend B．to spend C．spending2．（2022·湖南株洲·中考真题）________ a shared future, we should learn from each other and help each other. A．Create B．To create C．Creating3．（2022·辽宁大连·中考真题）I hope ________ in my hometown after I finish school.A．work B．works C．working D．to work4．（2022·广西玉林·中考真题）—Safety comes first! Everyone should stop the kids from ________ in the lake or river.—Life is valuable. Kids must remember ________ the school rules.A．swim; to follow B．swim; followingC．swimming; following D．swimming; to follow5．（2022·湖南邵阳·中考真题）— Hou can I prevent COVID-19, Dad?—________ healthy, you should always wear a mask and wash hands frequently.A．Keep B．Keeping C．To keep6．（2022·广西河池·中考真题）I usually spend time ________ in the library on weekends.A．read B．reading C．reads D．to read7．（2022·江苏镇江·中考真题）The high school invited a famous scientist _______ a talk on World Earth Day. A．giving B．to give C．give D．given8．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—I often watch talk shows on TV.—I enjoy watching the news. I hope ________ what’s going on around the world.A．find out B．to find out C．finding out9．（2022·广西·中考真题）Our teacher often tells us _________ across the road when the traffic light is red. A．go B．going C．don’t go D．not to go10．（2022·湖南郴州·中考真题）Remember ________ the light when you leave the classroom.A．turn off B．to turn off C．turning off11．（2022·四川雅安·中考真题）Teenagers often listen to pop music _________.A．relax B．to relax C．relaxing D．relaxed12．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Holly prefers playing the piano to ________ the violin. Listen! She________ the piano in her room.A．play; is playing B．playing; plays C．playing; is playing【答案】C13．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）What about ________ the song Together for a Shared Future? Its name is the slogan (口号) of Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games.A．sing B．singing C．to sing14．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）If you have difficulty ________ out the problem, you can ask the teacher for help.A．work B．working C．to work15．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—It is convenient ________ us ________ things online.—So it is.A．for; to buy B．of; to buy C．for; buy16．（2022·黑龙江黑龙江·中考真题）Our school often advises the students, especially teenage girls ________ some chores at home to help busy parents.A．doing B．to do C．do17．（2022·内蒙古包头·中考真题）Nancy didn’t know anyone in the new school, so she decided to join an after-school club ________ some new friends.A．to meet B．meet C．met D．meets18．（2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题）There is no doubt _________ Harry Potter is worth _________. A．whether, read B．if; to read C．that; reading D．as; being read19．（2022·黑龙江·中考真题）I saw Lily ________ when I passed her room.A．dance B．dancing C．to dance20．（2022·贵州毕节·中考真题）Many people have lost their homes be cause of wars. It’s important for people ________ a peaceful world.A．have B．had C．to have D．to be having21．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Do you know there are more than 3,000 languages ______ in the world? —Sorry, I have no idea.A．speaking B．spoken C．speak D．spoke22．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Mr. Chen, my kid is sleeping. Would you mind ______ your radio? —Sorry. I’ll do it at once.A．turning down B．turn down C．turning up D．turn up23．（2022·海南·中考真题）—Peter always remembers ________ the light off when he leaves the room. —That’s great. It’s a good way to save energy.A．shut B．shutting C．to shut24．（2022·福建·中考真题）It’s important for us ________ hard in order to have a better life.A．work B．to work C．working25．（2022·天津·中考真题）The painting is really valuable to him. He will never agree ________ it.A．sell B．sells C．sold D．to sell26．（2022·云南昆明·中考真题）Boys and girls, good luck and wish you ________ good grades on your new journey!A．cutting B．to cut C．getting D．to get27．（2022·云南·中考真题）If you want ________ your pronunciation, keep on practicing every day. A．improve B．improved C．improving D．to improve28．（2022·重庆A卷·中考真题）Mr. Brown told his son not ________ the paintings in the museum. A．touch B．to touch C．touching D．touched29．（2022·重庆B卷·中考真题）The new year is coming. Teachers encourage us ________ new hobbies. A．develop B．developing C．to develop D．developed30．（2022·湖南怀化·中考真题）The teacher told Jack _______ off the light when he left the classroom. A．turn B．turning C．to turn31．（2022·湖南岳阳·中考真题）Many students practice _______ in the morning because of the P.E. exam. A．run B．running C．ran32．（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—Miss Li, can you tell me how to improve my writing skills? —Certainly. I advise you ________ a diary in English every day.A．to keep B．keeping C．kept D．keep33．（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）________ the people locked inside, the firemen broke down the door. A．Reach B．To reach C．Reaching D．To reaching34．（2022·四川达州·中考真题）The local government advises people ________ to other places ________ it is not necessary during the pandemic.A．travel; unless B．to not travel; if C．not to travel; unless D．not to travel; if35．（2022·四川达州·中考真题）— Exercising is good for our health.—You’re right. So I’d rather ________ an hour’s walk than ________ in front of the computer.A．to take; sit B．take; sit C．take; sitting D．to take; sitting36．（2022·四川泸州·中考真题）As teenagers, we are not allowed ________ mobile phones into school so that we can focus on our schoolwork.A．bring B．to bring C．bringing D．brought37．（2022·四川遂宁·中考真题）—The art festival is coming. It’s a good chance to show ourselves.—You are very good at ________. And you will be the most popular star.A．singing B．sing C．to sing D．sang38．（2022·四川广元·中考真题）The Great Wall is so famous that a large number of travellers wish ______ it. A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．visited39．（2022·湖北十堰·中考真题）The teacher told us ________ too much noise because the other students were having an exam.A．to not make B．not to make C．not make D．not making。
中考英语语法专项复习 非谓语动词动词的非谓语形式包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种形式；其中分词又包含现在分词和过去分词两种形式。
它们在句子中不能单独作谓语，非谓语动词为中考必考考点，考点有动名词、动词不定式的基本用法；动名词、动词不定式作宾语的固定搭配等。
考题常在单项填空、完形填空、单词填空中设置1－3分的题。
一、动词不定式 思维导图记知识一、动词不定式：（一）形式：①基本形式:to+动词原形 ②否定形式:not to+动词原形知识梳理 考点分析动词不定式形式：不定式记号to+动词原形”构成 否定形式只要在“to” 前面加上“not”动词不定式可以在句子中作主语、 宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语动词不定式可以作谓语动词(及物动词)的宾语谓语动词(vt.)+不定式题谓语动词+疑问词+不定式 动词不定式可以在句子中用作状语（二）动词不定式的句法功能1.不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末,常用结构为:It +be+adj+(for/of sb.)+to do sth.To learn English well is useful.=It is useful to learn English well.It's important for us to protect the environment.备注:在kind/good/nice/clever等表示人的品质的形容词后,不用for而用of.如:It's very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好啦.It's very clever of you to do like that.你那样做真是太聪明啦.2.不定式作宾语①一些谓语动词后能用不定式作宾语,常见的这类词是表示命令,打算或希望的,如：would like,want,wish,hope,decide,plan,expect等.如:Would you like to see a film this evening?②在find,think后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it代替,而将真正的宾语放在后面.如；I find it easy to read English every day.3.不定式作宾语补足语Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.tell,ask,want,allow,get,would like,encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语.如:My mother encourage me to learn Japanese.备注:还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补。
