Grinding safety operation Procedure

术语表glossary曲 轴： crankshaft锻钢曲轴： forged crankshaft球铁曲轴： nodular crankshaft/casting crankshaft大头/后端： rear end小头/前端： front end轴 径： journal大头轴径： the rear end journal小头轴径： the front end journal主 轴 径： main journal连杆轴径： pin journal中间主轴径：center main bearing journal 连 杆 顶： pin top连杆侧面： pin bearing side face曲 柄 臂： crank web平 衡 铁： counterweight轴 承 孔： bearing hole止 口： located mouth稳 钉： position连杆侧面凹面： concave凸 台： side step止 推 面： thrust face中 心 距： half stroke；center distance 键 槽： keyway/ key groove螺纹丝孔： screw hole直 油 孔： vertical oil hole/main oil hole 斜 油 孔： slanted/inclined oil hole/pin oil hole二、 加工工艺几何中心： geometry center 质量中心： mass center粗 加 工： rough半精加工： semi-finish精 加 工： finish车： turning铣： milling钻： drilling磨： grinding镗： boring珩 磨： honing车－车拉： turn－turn broaching 滚 压： fillet rolling车 挤 压： turn burnishing倒 角： chamfering去 毛 刺： burr removed动 平 衡： dynamic balance抛 光： polishing清 洗： washing防 锈： anti corrosion防 锈 剂： antirust包 装： packing圆 角： fillet圆角半径： fillet radii工 装： dressing/facility检 具： gage基 准： benchmark车 床：lathe轴 向 的： axial加工工艺： machining technics特殊特性： characteristic粗 糙 度： roughness毛 坯： rough blank尺 寸： dimension清 洁 度： cleanliness开 档： open journal width产 能： capacity三、 形位公差公 差： tolerance圆 柱 度： cylindricity平 行 度： parallelism垂 直 度： verticality直 线 度： linearity位 置 度： location/position对 称 度： symmetry倾 斜 度： slant跳 动： runout全 跳 动： total indicator runoutV 型 块： V block四、 探伤探 伤： detecting磁粉探伤： magnaflux荧光磁粉探伤：fluorescent magnetic particle inspection剩 磁： residual Magnetism退 磁： demagnetize磨削裂纹： grinder cracks热处理裂纹： heat treat cracks磨削烧伤： grinder burns流 线： flow lines非金属夹杂： non-metallic inclusions 周向磁化： circular Magnetization 纵向磁化： longitudinal Magnetization 五、 热处理热 处 理： heat treatment正 火： normalizing淬 火： induction harden /quench harden/quenching回火/时效： tempering退 火： annealing调 质： quench-tempering/quenching and tempering等温退火： isothermal annealing有效深度： effective Case Depth抛 丸： shot balsting/polishing校 直： straighten去 应 力： stress relieving金相学的： metallographic冶金学的： metallurgical机械性能： mechanical property化学成分： chemical composition抗拉强度： tensile strength屈服强度： yield strength延 伸 率： elongation断面收缩： reduction of Area表面硬度： surface Hardness锻后控冷： as-Forged and Controlled Cooled抗拉试棒： tensile specimen金相试块： microstructuralsample/Metallographic sample微观组织： microstructure铁 素 体： ferrite珠 光 体： pearlite贝 氏 体： bainite奥 氏 体： austenitic马 氏 体： martensite索 氏 体： sorbite晶 粒 度： grain size脱碳层： decarburization layer其它柴 油 机： diesel engine汽 油 机： gasoline engine拔模角度： draft angle相 位 角： phase angle飞 轮： flywheel汽 缸： cylinder缸 体： cylinder block缸 盖： cylinder head齿 轮： gear胀断连杆： fracture-split connecting rod 量 产： mass production /volume production内 燃 机： internal combustion engine 扭 矩： torque马 力： horse power旋转方向： direction of rotation顺 时 针： clockwise逆 时 针： counter-clockwise风 冷： air cooling水 冷： water cooling排 放： emission排气系统： exhaust System润 滑 油： lubricant金属切削： metal cutting机 床： machine tool 金属工艺学： technology of metals 刀 具： cutter摩 擦： friction联 结： link传 动： drive/transmission弹 性： elasticity频率特性： frequency characteristic 误 差： error响 应： response定 位： allocation机床夹具： jig动 力 学： dynamic运 动 学： kinematic静 力 学： static分析力学： analyse mechanics拉 伸： pulling压 缩： hitting剪 切： shear扭 转： twist弯曲应力： bending stress强 度： intensity 或strength几何形状： geometrical精 度： precision正弦形的： sinusoid机械加工余量：machining allowance 变 形 力： deforming force变 形： deformation应 力： stress硬 度： rigidity 或hardness .热 处 理： heat treatment退 火： anneal正 火： normalizing脱 碳： decarburization渗 碳： carburization外圆磨削： external grinding 内圆磨削： internal grinding 平面磨削： plane grinding 变 速 箱： gearbox离 合 器：clutch绞 孔：fraising绞 刀：reamer螺纹加工：thread processing 螺 钉：screw铣 削：mill铣 刀：milling cutter功 率：power工 件：workpiece齿轮加工：gear mechining运 动：main movement切削深度：cutting depth加工中心：machining center 车 刀：lathe tool车 床：lathe钻削 镗削：bore车 削：turning磨 床：grinder基 准：benchmark钳 工： locksmith锻 ： forge压 模： stamping焊 weld拉 床：broaching machine拉 孔：broaching装 配：assembling 铸 造：found流体动力学：fluid dynamics流体力学：fluid mechanics加 工：machining切 线：tangent气 压：air pressure pneumatic pressure 稳 定 性：stability介 质：medium失 效：invalidation强 度：intensity载 荷：load安全系数：safty factor可 靠 性：reliability螺 旋：helix键 ：spline销 ：pin滚动轴承：rolling bearing滑动轴承：sliding bearing弹 簧：spring制动器 ：arrester brake皮 带：strap精 加 工：finish machining粗 加 工：rough machining腐 蚀：rust氧 化：oxidation磨 损：wear耐 用 度：durability残余应力：residual stress扭 力：torsion冷 加 工：cold machining电 动 机：electromotor汽 缸：cylinder过盈配合：interference fit热 加 工：hotwork摄 像 头：CCD camera倒 角：rounding chamfer优化设计：optimal design有 限 元：finite element滚 齿：hobbing插 齿：gear shaping伺服电机：actuating motor铣 床：milling machine钻 床：drill machine镗 床：boring machine电火花加工：electric spark machining电火花线切割加工：electrical discharge wire - cutting相 图：phase diagram固态相变：solid state phase changes有色金属：nonferrous metal电化学腐蚀：electrochemical corrosion板料冲压：sheet metal parts孔 加 工：spot facing machining车 间：workshop工程技术人员：engineer机械制图：Mechanical drawing投 影：projection视 图：view剖 视 图：profile chart标 准 件：standard component零 件 图：part drawing装 配 图：assembly drawing尺寸标注：size marking技术要求：technical requirements 刚 度：rigidity内 力：internal force位 移：displacement截 面：section疲劳极限：fatigue limit断 裂：fracture塑性变形：plastic distortion脆性材料：brittleness material刚度准则：rigidity criterion垫 圈：washer垫 片：spacer虚 约 束：passive constraint曲 柄：crank摇 杆：racker凸 轮：cams毛 坯：rough游标卡尺：slide caliper千 分 尺：micrometer calipers概 率：probability随机变量：random variable排列组合：permutation and combination机械零件：mechanical parts淬火冷却：quench淬 火：hardening回 火：tempering调 质：hardening and tempering砂 轮：grinding wheel工程标准IWS International Workman Standard 工艺标准ISO International Standard Organization 国际标准化组织GS General Specification 一般规格PMC Production & Material Control 生产和物料控制PPC Production Plan Control 生产计划控制 MC Material Control 物料控制ME Manafacture Engineering 制造工程部 PE Project Engineering 产品工程部A/C Accountant Dept 会计部P/A Personal & Administration 人事行政部 DC Document Center 资料中心QE Quality Engineering 品质工程(部)QA Quality Assurance 品质保证(处)QC Quality Control 品质管制(课)PD Product Department 生产部LAB Labratry 实验室IE Industrial Engineering 工业工程R&D Research & Design 设计开发部 alloy tool steel 合金工具钢aluminium alloy 铝合金钢bearing alloy 轴承合金blister steel 浸碳钢carbon tool steel 碳素工具钢clod work die steel 冷锻模用钢emery 金钢砂ferrostatic pressure 钢铁水静压力forging die steel 锻造模用钢galvanized steel sheet 镀锌铁板hard alloy steel 超硬合金钢high speed tool steel 高速度工具钢hot work die steel 热锻模用钢low alloy tool steel 特殊工具钢 low manganese casting steel 低锰铸钢 marging steel 马式体高强度热处理钢 martrix alloy 马特里斯合金meehanite cast iron 米汉纳铸钢 meehanite metal 米汉纳铁merchant iron 市售钢材molybdenum high speed steel 钼系高速钢 molybdenum steel 钼钢nickel chromium steel 镍铬钢 prehardened steel 顶硬钢silicon steel sheet 矽钢板stainless steel 不锈钢tin plated steel sheet 镀锡铁板tough pitch copper 韧铜troostite 吐粒散铁tungsten steel 钨钢vinyl tapped steel sheet 塑胶覆面钢板air permeability test 透气性试验 austenitic steel 沃斯田铁钢brinell hardness 布耐内尔硬度brinell hardness test 布氏硬度试验 charpy impact test 夏比冲击试验dart drop impact test 落锤冲击试验 Elmendorf test 埃罗门多撕裂强度试验 environmental stress cracking test 环境应力龟裂试验ericessen test 埃留伸薄板拉伸试验 falling ball impact test 落球冲击试验 fatigue test 疲劳试验ferrite 铁素体gantt chart 甘特图heat cycle test 热循环试验histogram 柱状图hot bend test 热弯试验izod impact test 埃左德冲击试验loop tenacity 环结强度martens heat distortion temperature test 马顿斯耐热试验mullen bursting strength tester 密廉式破裂强度试验机nol ring test 诺尔环试验normal distribution 常态分配ozone resistance test 抗臭氧试验pareto diagram 柏拉图peeling test 剥离试验pinhole test 针孔试验机rattler test 磨耗试验martensite 马氏体rockweel hardness test 洛氏硬度试验 rockweel hardness 洛氏威尔硬度 sampling inspection 抽样检查shore hardness 萧氏硬度surface abrasion test 表面磨耗试验taber abraser 泰伯磨耗试验机tensile impact test 拉伸冲击试验tensile strength 抗拉强度tension test 张力试验thermal shock test 冷热剧变试验torsion test 扭曲试验Vickers hardness test 维氏硬度试验 warpage test 翘曲试验weatherometer 人工老化试验机QCC Quality Control Circle 品质圈QIT Quality Improvement Team 品质改善小组PDCA Plan Do Check Action 计划 执行 检查 总结ZD Zero Defect 零缺点QI Quality Improvement 品质改善QP Quality Policy 目标方针TQM Total Quality Management 全面品质管理MRB Material Reject Bill 退货单LQL Limiting Quality Level 最低品质水准 RMA Return Material Audit 退料认可QAN Quality Amelionrate Notice 品质改善活动ADM Absolute Dimension Measuremat 全尺寸测量QT Quality Target 品质目标7QCTools 7 Quality Controll Tools 品管七大手法通用之件类ECN Engineering Change Notes 工程变更通知(供应商)ECO Engineering Change Order 工程改动要求(客户)PCN Process Change Notice 工序改动通知 PMP Product Management Plan 生产管制计划SIP Specification In Process 制程检验规格SOP Standard Operation Procedure 制造作业规范IS Inspection Specification 成品检验规范BOM Bill Of Material 物料清单PS Package Specification 包装规范 SPEC Specification 规格DWG Drawing 图面QC quality control 品质管理人员FQC final quality control 终点品质管制人员IPQC in process quality control 制程中的品质管制人员OQC output quality control 最终出货品质管制人员IQC incoming quality control 进料品质管制人员TQC total quality control 全面质量管理 POC passage quality control 段检人员 QA quality assurance 质量保证人员 OQA output quality assurance 出货质量保证人员QE quality engineering 品质工程人员品质保证类 ：FAI first article inspection 新品首件检查FAA first article assurance 首件确认 TVR tool verification report 模具确认报告3B 3B 模具正式投产前确认CP capability index 能力指数CPK capability index of process 模具制程能力参数SSQA standardized supplier quality 合格供应商品质评估 OOBA out of box audit 开箱检查QFD quality function deployment 品质机能展开FMEA failure model effectiveness analysis 失效模式分析8 disciplines 8 项回复内容FA final audit 最后一次稽核CAR corrective action request 改正行动要求corrective action report 改正行动报告 age hardening 时效硬化ageing 老化处理air hardening 气体硬化air patenting 空气韧化annealing 退火austempering 奥氏体等温淬火austenite 奥氏体bainite 贝氏体banded structure 条纹状组织barrel plating 滚镀barrel tumbling 滚筒打光blackening 染黑法blue bonderizing 磷酸盐皮膜处理box annealing 箱型退火box carburizing 封箱渗碳bright electroplating 辉面电镀bright heat treatment 光辉热处理 bypass heat treatment 旁路热处理 carbide 炭化物carburized case depth 浸碳硬化深层 carburizing 渗碳cementite 炭化铁chemical plating 化学电镀chemical vapor deposition 化学蒸镀 coarsening 结晶粒粗大化coating 涂布被覆cold shortness 低温脆性comemtite 渗碳体controlled atmosphere 大气热处理 decarburization 脱碳处理 decarburizing 脱碳退火depth of hardening 硬化深层 diffusion 扩散diffusion annealing 扩散退火 electrolytic hardening 电解淬火 embossing 压花etching 表面蚀刻ferrite 肥粒铁first stage annealing 第一段退火 flame hardening 火焰硬化 metallikon 金属喷镀法flame treatment 火焰处理full annealing 完全退火gaseous cyaniding 气体氧化法 globular cementite 球状炭化铁 grain size 结晶粒度granolite treatment 磷酸溶液热处理 graphitizing 石墨退火hardenability 硬化性hardenability curve 硬化性曲线hardening 硬化heat treatment 热处理hot bath quenching 热浴淬火 hot dipping 热浸镀induction hardening 高周波硬化ion carbonitriding 离子渗碳氮化 ion carburizing 离子渗碳处理ion plating 离子电镀isothermal annealing 等温退火 liquid honing 液体喷砂法low temperature annealing 低温退火 malleablizing 可锻化退火 martempering 麻回火处理martensite 马氏体/硬化铁炭 metallizing 真空涂膜nitriding 氮化处理overheating 过热nitrocarburizing 软氮化 normalizing 正火，正常化oil quenching 油淬化overageing 过老化pearlite 针尖组织phosphating 磷酸盐皮膜处理 physical vapor deposition 物理蒸镀 plasma nitriding 离子氮化pre-annealing 预备退火 precipitation 析出precipitation hardening 析出硬化 press quenching 加压硬化process annealing 制程退火quench ageing 淬火老化quench hardening 淬火quenching crack 淬火裂痕 quenching distortion 淬火变形quenching stress 淬火应力reconditioning 再调质 recrystallization 再结晶red shortness 红热脆性residual stress 残留应力retained austenite 残留奥rust prevention 防蚀salt bath quenching 盐浴淬火sand blast 喷砂处理seasoning 时效处理second stage annealing 第二段退火 secular distortion 经年变形 segregation 偏析selective hardening 部分淬火shot blast 喷丸处理shot peening 珠击法single stage nitriding 等温渗氮 sintering 烧结处理soaking 均热处理softening 软化退火solution treatment 固溶化热处理 spheroidizing 球状化退火stabilizing treatment 安定化处理 straightening annealing 矫直退火 strain ageing 应变老化stress relieving annealing 应力消除退火subzero treatment 生冷处理 upercooling 过冷surface hardening 表面硬化处理 temper brittleness 回火脆性temper colour 回火颜色tempering 回火 tempering crack 回火裂痕texture 咬花thermal refining 调质处理 thermoechanical treatment 加工热处理 time quenching 时间淬火 transformation 变态tufftride process 软氮化处理under annealing 不完全退火vacuum carbonitriding 真空渗碳氮化 vacuum carburizing 真空渗碳处理 vacuum hardening 真空淬火vacuum heat treatment 真空热处理 vacuum nitriding 真空氮化water quenching 水淬火wetout 浸润处理抗拉强度：tensile strength屈服强度：yield strength延 伸 率：elongation percentage冲 击 值：impact value金相组织：microstructure硬 度：hardness化学成分：chemical composition铸 铁：cast iron球墨铸铁：nodular cast ironADI ：Austempering cast iron奥 氏 体：austenite贝 氏 体：bainite铁 素 体： ferrite珠 光 体： pearlite贝 氏 体： bainite奥 氏 体： austenitic马 氏 体： martensite索 氏 体： sorbite正 火：normalizing回 火：tempering淬 火：induction harden /quench harden 退 火： annealing调 质：quench-tempering时 效：tempering硬 度 计：hardness tester中 心 距：throw感 应 器：inductor锻件：forging表面质量：surface quality超声波检验：ultrasonic examination淬火试验：jorminy test直读光谱仪：direct-reading spectrometer 万能材料试验机：universal material testing machine低倍组织：macrostructure目视：visual非金属夹杂：non-metallic inclusion超声波探伤仪：UT detector不合格：disqualified环境温度：environment temperature手动设置：manual setting自动控制：auto‐control监控设备：monitoring equipment风冷：wind cooling节拍时间：takt time浸入：immersion调整参数：adjust parameter淬火液：quenching liquid首检：initial inspection 巡检：tour inspection自检：self inspection专检：special inspection冷却方式：cooling time温度记录：temperature record氧化物夹杂：oxide inclusion硅酸盐夹杂：silicate inclusion钢丸直径：steel ball diameter电流：current电流表：ammeter锻造车间：forging workshop磁悬液浓度：suspension concentration 磁悬液污染物：suspension pollution 荧光灯亮度：fluorescent light周向电流：circumference current纵向电流：longitudinal current残余飞边：residual flash打磨：grinding直线度：straightness塞规：plug gage非加工面：non‐machining surface贮存：stockpile交付：delivery。

本主题共有帖子数4篇1 檢測中英文對照"按字母(1)","工厂常用英语词汇一览表",,,"按字母查询简表1",,,,"Rev: 01","英文简称","英文全名",,,,,"中文解释","5S","5S",,,,,"整理,整顿,清扫,清洁,教养","6","6 Sigma",,,,,"六标准差","A/I","Auto Insertion",,,,,"自动插件","AQL","Accept Quality Level",,,,,"允收水准","B/I","Burn-In",,,,,"高温热机(老化)过程","BOM","Bill Of Material",,,,,"材料明细表","BTO","Build To Order",,,,,"接单生产","CAD/CAM","Computer Aided Design/Manufacturing",,,,,"电脑辅助设计/制造","CAL","Calibration",,,,,"仪器校验 (仪校)","CAR","Corrective Action Response",,,,,"改善对策报告","CCR","Customer Complain Requirement",,,,,"客户抱怨/要求","Charge","Charge",,,,,"索取费用","CND","Cannot Duplicate",,,,,"无法复制,异常现象消失","CR","Critical",,,,,"严重(CR>MA>MI)","CS","Customer Service",,,,,"客户服务" ,"CTO","Configure To Order",,,,,"接单组装","Debit Note","Debit Note",,,,,"(会计) 帐目通知","DELL's Survey Form","DELL's Survey Form",,,,,"DELL公司稽核供应商的文件","ECN","Engineering Change Notice",,,,,"工程变更通知" ,"ECR","Engineering Change Request",,,,,"工程变更要求","EMI ","Electro Magnetic Interference",,,,,"电磁干扰" ,"ENG","Engineering",,,,,"工程(部)","ESD","Electrostatic Discharge",,,,,"静电放电" ,"FAE","Field Application Engineering",,,,,"客诉前置处理单位" ,"FAI ","First Article Inspection",,,,,"首件检查" ,"FN","Factory Notice",,,,,"工厂通知","FRR","Field Return Rate",,,,,"市场退修率","FRU","Field Replacement Unit",,,,,"市场不良回修更换套件" ,"Hi-Pot","Hi-Pot",,,,,"耐电压测试","Hold","Hold (shipping, production…)",,,,,"停止 (出货,生产…)" ,"ICT","In-Circuit Test",,,,,"(PC板)电路测试" ,"IE","Industrial Engineering",,,,,"工业工程","IPQC","In-Process Quality Control",,,,,"制程品质管制" ,"IQC","Incoming Quality Control",,,,,"进料品质管制","ISO ","International Organization for Standardization",,,,,"国际标准组织","JIT ","Just In Time",,,,,"即时 (行动,入料…)" ,"MA","Major",,,,,"主要","ME","Mechanical Engineering",,,,,"机械工程" ,"MFG","Manufacturing",,,,,"制造部(业)" ,"MI","Minor",,,,,"次要","MIS","Management Information System",,,,,"资讯管理系统" ,"MP","Mass Production",,,,,"量产 (亦指制造部)" ,"MRB","Material Review Board",,,,,"VQA材料异常会阅" ,"MTBF","Mean Time Between Failure ",,,,,"帄均失效时间" ,"ODM ","Original Developing Manufacturer",,,,,"原始设计生产" ,"OEM","Original Equipment Manufacturer",,,,,"原始配备生产" ,"O/I","Operational Instruction",,,,,"作业指导书","ORT ","On-going Reliablity Test",,,,,"在制品可靠度测试" ,"PDCA","Plan Do Check Action",,,,,"戴明循环" ,"PE","Production Engineering",,,,,"制造工程(部)","P/N","Part Number",,,,,"品名","P/R","Pilot-Run",,,,,"试作验证" ,"Preforming","Preforming",,,,,"预加工","P/O","Purchase Order",,,,,"采购下订单(P/O->S/O->W/O)" ,"PPM ","Part Per Million",,,,,"百万分之一 (品质计算单位)" ,"QA","Quality Assurance",,,,,"品质保证","QC","Quality Control",,,,,"品质管制","QCCA","Quality Control Circle Activities",,,,,"品管圈活动" ,"QIS","Quality Information System",,,,,"品质资讯系统" ,"REV","Revision",,,,,"版本","R/I","Run-In",,,,,"常温热机(老化)过程","RMA","Return Merchandise Approval(or Authorization)",,,,,"退货品认可","RTV","Return To Vendor",,,,,"退回厂商" ,"Safety","Safety",,,,,"安全规格 (安规)","SMT","Surface Mounting Technology",,,,,"表面黏著技术","S/N","Serial Number",,,,,"序号","S/O","Sales Order",,,,,"业务下订单","SPC","Statistics Process Control",,,,,"统计制程管制" ,"SPEC","Specification",,,,,"规格" ,"SWOT","Strength","Weaknesses Opportunities Threats",,,,"强势弱势潜在机会威胁","TE","Test Engineering",,,,,"测试工程","TPM ","Total Productive Maintenance",,,,,"全面性生产维护" ,"TQM ","Total Quality Management",,,,,"全面品质管理" ,"TUV","TUV",,,,,"德国莱茵技术监护顾问公司 (安规单位)" ,"UL","Underwriters Laboratories",,,,,"美国保险协会实验室 (安规单位)","VQA","Vender Quality Approval",,,,,"供应商品质保证 (雷同进料检验)","WIP","Work In Process",,,,,"尚未完成的在制品","W/O","Work Order",,,,,"生产工单""按字母(2)""工厂常用英语词汇一览表",,"按字母查询简表2",,,,"Rev: 01"" A""ac 交流电""α-epoxy 阿华水""after 在……之后""appearance 外观""apply(applying applied) 应用提供点(胶等)""approval 核准""ass'y=assembly 组合""average 帄均数""B""balance 帄衡""base 底座""before 在……之前""bifilar 双线并绕""black 黑色的""blue 篮色的""bobbin 绕线管线轴""BOM=bill of material 材料用量表" "brush 刷子刷"" ""C""c=capacitance 电容""cal=calibrate 校准测定" "carton 纸箱""case 外壳""check 检查检验""clean 清洗清洁""clip 耳夹""close 近的密的紧的""close winding 密绕""coil 线圈""collar 套管""condition 条件""copper 铜""copy 拷贝复制""core 铁心""coil forming 压线圈""core grinding 磨铁心""curing 烘烤""current 电流""cut(cutting cut) 切掉" "cut-off frequency 截止频率" "D""D/C=date code 周期""date 日期""DC 直流电""DCR 直流电阻""dimension 尺寸大小度量" "dip 浸入""direction 方向""soldering pot 锡炉""dot 点(色)""E""ECN 规格变更通知书" "electrical 电的关于电的" "enter 进入输入回车" "epoxy 胶""epoxy fill up 补胶" "equipment 设备""F""factory 工厂""finish 结束""fixture 治具""flux 助焊剂""FN=factory notice 工厂通知""foil 箔状物""frame 框架""function 功能作用""function test 功能测试""G""gap 间隙缝隙""green 绿色的""I""I.R=insulation resistance 绝缘阻抗" "impedance 阻抗""inch 英吋""inductance 电感""ink 油墨墨水""inter 里面的""inter package 内包装""isolation 隔离隔开""isolation paper 绝缘纸片""item 项目"" K""kilo- 一千倍千个""L""label 标签""layer 层""LCR meter 电桥器""leads 条形物脚""leakage 漏泄漏""leakage current 漏电流" "length 长度""line 线线性的组电源线""list 列示""low 低的""M""m=meter 米仪表仪器" "magnet 磁铁磁石""magnetic 磁性的""manual 手册手工的手动" "margin 边缘""margin tape 安全胶布" "marking 印章""Max 最大值""measure 测量测量值" "measurement 测试" "mechanical dimension 外观尺寸""meet 迎合满足符合""Min 最小值""mm=millimeter 毫米""must 必须""N""normal 正常的""notice 通知注意"" O""O/I=operation introduce 作业指导书" "off 关掉""ohm 欧姆(电阻单位)""on 打开""open 开路断线""operation 作业""out 出外面""outer package 外包装""oven 烤箱""P""P/N=part number 品名""package(packing) 包装""pad 垫片""page 页""paper 纸""parallel 并联""pc=piece 个片""pin 脚位脚""pin adjustment 整脚""plastic 塑料塑胶""plate 盘底盘""plug 塞子插头""PR=pair 双对""performing 预加工""preheat 预热""presoldering 预焊""pri=primary 初级的""procedure 程序""process 过程流程""product 生产""program 程序表""pull 拉扯""pulse 211.152.*2007-8-14 17:38:59回复此帖子2 Re:檢測中英文對照"P""P/N=part number 品名""package(packing) 包装" "pad 垫片""page 页""paper 纸""parallel 并联""pc=piece 个片""pin 脚位脚""pin adjustment 整脚" "plastic 塑料塑胶" "plate 盘底盘""plug 塞子插头""PR=pair 双对" "performing 预加工" "preheat 预热" "presoldering 预焊" "pri=primary 初级的" "procedure 程序" "process 过程流程" "product 生产" "program 程序表""pull 拉扯""pulse 脉冲""pulse transformer 脉冲变压器" " Q""quality 质素质品质" "quantity 量数量""question 问题疑问怀疑" "R""R=resistance 电阻""ratio 比例比率""read 读看""ready 准备(好)""recall 召回忆起""receiver 接收器""red 红色的""ref=reference 参考""reset 复位重新设置""return 返回""REV=revision 版本"" S""safe(safety) 安全""sample 样品""save 储存""sec=second 第二秒次级" "select 选择""sheet 表页""shield 保护护罩护盖" "short 短短路""solder 焊料""solder bar 锡棒" "solder coat wire 镀锡丝" "solder wire 锡丝" "sorting 挑选""space winding 疏绕" "spec=specification 规格" "speed 速度""stand-off 凸点""start 开始起始端" "step 步序""storage 储存""T""take off 取下" "transformer 变压器" "tape 胶布""temp=temperature 温度" "terminal 脚端子""test 测试测验""time 时间""timer 定时器""top 顶部上曾""total 总计""trifler 三线并绕""trim 整饰使整洁""tube 套管""turn 圈圈数""twist 绞线""U""unit 单位""V""vacuum 抽真空""varnish 凡立水""varnish dipping 泡凡立水" "visual 看外观""volt=voltage 电压伏特" "W""water 水""white 白色的""wide 宽的""width 宽度""wire 线""wire trimming 理线""wrap 包缠绕""X""x'fmr=transformer 变压器""Y""yellow 黄色的""Z""zero 零"" 数字""按类别""工厂常用英语词汇一览表",,"按类别查询简表",,,,"Rev: 01","1.生产规格(Specification or Spec)."," 1.1 BOM: Bill of material",,,,"料表"," 1.2 S/N: Spec notice",,,,"生产注意事项"," 1.3: ES : Electrical Spec",,,,"电气规格"," 1.4: PK: Schematic",,,,"电路图"," 1.5: PD: Physical dimension",,,,"外观尺寸图" ,"ES:Input characterstics",,,,"输入特性"," 1.1 Input voltage range ",,,,"输入电压范围"," 1.2 Input frequency range",,,,"输入频率范围"," 1.3 Max .input AC current",,,,"最大输入交流电流" ," 1.4 Inrush current(cold start)",,,,"突增电流(冷开机)"," 1.5 Efficency:60% Min.At nomall line",,,,"效率:60%,一般电压" ,,,,,"(指115/230V,除非另有说明)","Noise test",,,,"杂讯测试"," Static output characteristics",,,,"静态输出特性"," Dynamic output characteristics",,,,"动态输出特性"," Rise time ",,,,"DC输出电压上升时间"," Hold up time",,,,"DC输出电压持续时间" ,"Protection:",,,,"保护"," OVP(over voltage protection)",,,,"过电压保护"," OPP(over power protection)",,,,"过功率保护"," OCP(over current protection)",,,,"过电流保护"," OTP(over temp protection)",,,,"过温度保护"," Short circuit protection",,,,"短路保护","Hi-pot(dielectric withstand voltage)",,,,"耐电压测试"," 1.1 Primary to secondary ",,,,"初级对次级 AC TO DC"," 1.2 Primary to safety ground",,,,"初级对地 AC TO FG"," 1.3 Secondary to protection)",,,,"次级对地 DC TO FG"," 1.4 Insulation resistance",,,,"绝缘阻抗"," 1.5 Leakage current",,,,"漏电流","Electrical常用单词","regulation 调整 ",,,,,,"voltage / current 电压/电流" ,"ripple / noise / buzz 涟波/杂讯/异音",,,,,,"frequency / load 频率/负载","no power (NOP) 无输出",,,,,,"full load / low load 重载/轻载" ,"broken / blow out (BRO 烧机",,,,,,"damage / adjust 损坏/调整" ,"open / short 开路/短路",,,,,,"oscilloscope 示波器","SPEC(规格)常用单词","model: 机种",,,,"revision: 版本",,,,"issued date: 发行日期" ,"P/N: 品名,料号",,,,"discrption: 说明",,,,"remark: 备注" ,"reported by: 草拟",,,,"cheched by: 审核",,,,"approved by: 核准","2.FN(factory noice):工厂变更通知 / ECN(cngineering change notice)工程变更通知"," 2.1 FN实施方式: Immediated change 立即变更 Running change 旧料用完用新料"," 2.2 ECN: old rev.(旧版本)new rev.(新版本) drawing no / customer / alteration ref",,,,," (图号 / 客户 / 变更依据)","3.Department 部门"," 3.1 MFG:manufacturing",,,,"制造"," 3.1.1 AI: auto insertion",,,,"自动插件"," 3.1.2 preforming",,,,"加工"," 3.1.3 SMD",,,,"自动粘著"," 3.2 QA: quality assurance",,,,"品保"," 3.2.1 VQA",,,,"进料品质保证"," 3.2.2 PQC ,FQC",,,,"制程品管"," 3.2.3 Calibration , safety",,,,"仪校,安规"," 3.3 PE:production engineering",,,,"制造工程"," 3.3.1 TE:test engineering",,,,"测试工程"," 3.3.2 ME:mechanical engineering",,,,"机械工程"," 3.3.3 IE: industrial engineering",,,,"工业工程"," 3.4 HR:human resources",,,,"人力资源"," 3.5 Material",,,,"物料"," 3.5.1 PC:production control",,,,"生管"," 3.5.2 purchasing",,,,"采购"," 3.5.3 warehouse",,,,"仓库"," 3.6 ENG:engineering",,,,"工程"," 3.6.1 document center",,,,"资料中心","4. Safety"," 4.1 UL(Underwriters Laboratories)",,,,,,"美国保险协会实验室" ," 4.2 CSA(Canadian Standards Association)",,,,,,"加拿大标准协会"," 4.3 TUV",,,,,,"德国技术监护协会"," 4.4 VDE",,,,,,"德国电气标准"," 4.5 NEMKO",,,,,,"挪威电气标准"," 4.6 DEMKO",,,,,,"丹麦电气标准"," 4.7 CCEE(China Commission for Conformity ",,,,,,"中国电工产品认证委员会",,"Certification of Electronial Equipment)"," 4.8 CCIB(China Commodity Inspection Bureau)",,,,,,"中国商品检验局","5. Other 其他"," FAX(传真): date,to,fm,subject,dear,TKS,best regards,"," FAR: issue,description,corrective action,preventive action, analysis,defect,failure,supplier/vendor"," ISO:Internation Organization for Standardization 国际标准化组织"," Quality Manual:品质手册"," Procedure: 作业程序"," Quality policy: ",,"Quality",,"Reliability ",,"Excellence",,,"品质至上",,"信赖第一",,"追求卓越","6.Contraction(缩写)","AQL: accept quality lecer ",,,,,"允收水准","ATS: auto test system",,,,,"自动测试系统","CR: critical",,,,,"严重","ESD: electrostatic discharge",,,,,"静电放电","FET: field effective transistor",,,,,"场效电晶体","ICT: in-circuil test",,,,,"线路测试","MA: major",,,,,"主要","MI:minor",,,,,"次要","MRB: material reciew board",,,,,"不良材料审核组","NTC: negative temperatire characteristic",,,,,"热敏电阻","O/I: operation instruction",,,,,"工作指导书","PWM: pulse width modification",,,,,"脉波宽调整","S/N: series number",,,,,"序号","SMD: surface mounting device",,,,,"表面沾著","WIP:work in progress",,,,,"半成品(工作进行中)","JIT: just in time","IR: infra-red ",,,,,"红外线的","PDPC: process,decision,program,chart","QCCA: quality control circle activities",,,,,"品管圈活动" ,"CWQC: company-wide quality control",,,,,"全面品管" ,"QCCA: quality control circle activities",,,,,"品管圈活动" ,"CWQC: company-wide quality control",,,,,"全面品管","ponent(零件)"," bobbin",,,"线轴",,,"shield",,,"背板","bridge diode",,,"桥式整流",,,"triode",,,"三极管","cable tie",,,"束带",,,"tape ",,,"胶布","capactitor(cap)",,,"电容",,,"screw tapping",,,"自攻螺丝" ,"case",,,"外壳",,,"screw machine",,,"机械螺丝","ceramic capacitor",,,"陶瓷电容",,,"terminal",,,"端子","chip capacitor",,,"晶片电容",,,"transformer(X'FMR)",,,"变压器" ,"chip resistor",,,"晶片电阻",,,"transistor",,,"电晶体" ,"choke",,,"线圈",,,"tube",,,"套管","connector",,,"连接器",,,"varistor",,,"突波吸收器","control board",,,"基板",,,"VR(variable resistance)",,,"可变电阻","diode",,,"二极体",,,"washer ",,,"垫片","epoxy",,,"树脂",,,"zener",,,"齐纳","fan",,,"风扇",,,"photo couple",,,"光藕合二极体","FET",,,"场效电晶体",,,"regulator",,,"稳压器","filter",,,"滤波器",,,"resistor",,,"电阻","fuse",,,"保险丝作者： BB 211.152.* 2007-8-14 17:42:34 回复此帖子3 Re:檢測中英文對照,"ponent(零件)"," bobbin",,,"线轴",,,"shield",,,"背板","bridge diode",,,"桥式整流",,,"triode",,,"三极管","cable tie",,,"束带",,,"tape ",,,"胶布","capactitor(cap)",,,"电容",,,"screw tapping",,,"自攻螺丝","case",,,"外壳",,,"screw machine",,,"机械螺丝","ceramic capacitor",,,"陶瓷电容",,,"terminal",,,"端子","chip capacitor",,,"晶片电容",,,"transformer(X'FMR)",,,"变压器","chip resistor",,,"晶片电阻",,,"transistor",,,"电晶体","choke",,,"线圈",,,"tube",,,"套管","connector",,,"连接器",,,"varistor",,,"突波吸收器","control board",,,"基板",,,"VR(variable resistance)",,,"可变电阻","diode",,,"二极体",,,"washer ",,,"垫片" ,"epoxy",,,"树脂",,,"zener",,,"齐纳","fan",,,"风扇",,,"photo couple",,,"光藕合二极体" ,"FET",,,"场效电晶体",,,"regulator",,,"稳压器" ,"filter",,,"滤波器",,,"resistor",,,"电阻" ,"fuse",,,"保险丝",,,"ricer",,,"铆钉","fuse clip",,,"保险丝底座",,,"screw",,,"螺丝","fuse holder",,,"保险丝底座",,,"socket",,,"插座" ,"glue",,,"胶",,,"solder bar",,,"锡棒" ,"heatsink",,,"散热片",,,"sping washer",,,"弹簧垫片" ,"IC",,,"集成电路",,,"stand-off",,,"支柱" ,"inductor",,,"电感",,,"star washer",,,"星形垫片" ,"insulator",,,"绝缘片",,,"switch",,,"开关","jumper wire",,,"跳线",,,"output cable",,,"输出线" ,"label",,,"标签",,,"output wire",,,"输出线","lock washer",,,"接地唾形垫片",,,"PCB",,,"电路板" ,"NTC",,,"热敏电阻",,,"LED",,,"发光二极体","nut",,,"螺丝帽",,,"tubber foot",,,"脚垫" ,,,,,,,"TEFLON",,,"铁弗龙套管","8.Time(时间)","Jan.(Janury)",,,"一月",,"month",,,"月份" ,"Feb.(February)",,,"二月",,"period",,,"期间" ,"Mar.(March)",,,"三月",,"quarter",,,"季","Apr.(April)",,,"四月",,"since",,,"从….." ,"May",,,"五月",,"week",,,"周","Jun.(June)",,,"六月",,"after ",,,"在……之后" ,"Jul.(July)",,,"七月",,"before",,,"在……之前" ,"Aug.(August)",,,"八月",,"date",,,"日期","Sept.(September)",,,"九月",,"Mon=Monday 星期一" ,"Oct.(October)",,,"十月",,"Tue=Tuesday 星期二" ,"Nov.(November)",,,"十一月",,"Wed=Wednesday 星期三" ,"Dec.(December)",,,"十二月",,"Thu=Thuresday 星期四" ,,,,,,"Fri=Friday 星期五",,,,,,"Sat=Saturday 星期六",,,,,,"Sun=Sunday 星期日","9.Ver(动词)","change",,,"改变",,,"pay",,,"付给" ,"check",,,"检查",,,"produce",,,"产生" ,"come",,,"来",,,"provide",,,"提供" ,"damage",,,"损伤",,,"receive",,,"收到" ,"find",,,"发现",,,"replace",,,"代替","fix",,,"修理",,,"send",,,"发出" ,"go",,,"去",,,"take",,,"拿,采取" ,"happen",,,"发生",,,"touch",,,"碰触" ,"improve",,,"改善",,,"wind",,,"缠(盘,卷)绕,扭曲" ,"insert",,,"插入","issue",,,"发行","make ",,,"做,使","10.Non(名词)","action",,,"动作,措施","analysis",,,"分析","condition",,,"条件","data",,,"资料","defect",,,"缺点","disposition",,,"处置","engineer",,,"工程师","failure",,,"失败","file",,,"文件夹","inspector",,,"检验员","11.Process(制程)","assembly",,,"组立",,,"method",,,"方法","burn-in(B/I)",,,"崩应",,,"model",,,"机种" ,"component",,,"零件",,,"noise",,,"噪音","flux",,,"助焊剂",,,"pallet",,,"栈板","function test",,,"功能测试",,,"paper",,,"纸张" ,"gravity",,,"比重",,,"plan",,,"设划","Hi-pot test",,,"耐高压测试",,,"position",,,"位置" ,"insertion",,,"插件",,,"problem",,,"问题" ,"ORT",,,"可靠度测试",,,"procedure",,,"程序" ,"packing",,,"包装",,,"product",,,"产品","solder machine",,,"锡炉",,,"production",,,"生产" ,"station",,,"站别",,,"record",,,"记录","supplier/vendor",,,"厂商",,,"remark",,,"备注" ,"temperature",,,"温度",,,"report",,,"报告" ,"humidity",,,"湿度",,,"requirement",,,"要求" ,"torque",,,"扭距",,,"sample",,,"样品","touch-up(T/U)",,,"补焊(二次作业)",,,"target",,,"目标" ,"layout",,,"设计图",,,"trace",,,"(基板)线路" ,"location",,,"位置",,,"waybill",,,"运货单" ,"manager",,,"经理","operator",,,"作业员","technician",,,"技术员","12.Color(颜色)","black",,,"黑色","blue",,,"蓝色","brown",,,"棕色","gold",,,"金色","gray",,,"灰色","green",,,"绿色" ,"orange",,,"橙色","red",,,"红色","silver",,,"银色","violet(purple)",,,"紫色" ,"white",,,"白色" ,"yellow",,,"黄色","13.Number(数字)","one 一",,,,,,"twenty 二十","two 二",,,,,,"twenty-one 二十一" ,"three 三",,,,,,"thirty 三十","four 四",,,,,,"forty 四十","five 五",,,,,,"fifty 五十","six 六",,,,,,"sixty 六十","seven 七",,,,,,"seventy 七十" ,"eight 八",,,,,,"seventy-three 七十三" ,"nine 九",,,,,,"eighty 八十","ten 十",,,,,,"ninety 九十","eleven 十一",,,,,,"hundred 百"。

震动盘式粉碎磨仪操作流程英文回答：Operating Procedure for Vibration Disc Mill.I have been using the vibration disc mill for quite some time now, and I have developed a smooth operating procedure that ensures efficient and effective grinding. Here is a step-by-step guide on how to operate thevibration disc mill:1. Preparation:Ensure that the vibration disc mill is clean and free from any debris or residue.Check that the grinding discs are securely in place.Make sure that the desired grinding material is available and properly prepared.2. Power On:Turn on the power switch of the vibration disc mill.Wait for the machine to initialize and reach the desired speed.3. Loading the Sample:Open the lid of the vibration disc mill.Carefully place the sample material onto the center of the lower grinding disc.Close the lid securely.4. Adjusting the Grinding Time:Set the desired grinding time using the control panel.The grinding time will depend on the type of material and the desired fineness. It is important to refer to the manufacturer's guidelines or previous experience for optimal grinding time.5. Grinding:Press the start button on the control panel to begin the grinding process.Monitor the grinding progress and make any necessary adjustments to the grinding time or speed if required.The vibration disc mill will automatically stop once the set grinding time has elapsed.6. Collecting the Ground Material:Open the lid of the vibration disc mill.Use a brush or scraper to carefully collect the ground material from the lower grinding disc.Transfer the ground material to a suitable container for further analysis or use.7. Cleaning and Maintenance:After each use, clean the vibration disc mill thoroughly to remove any residual material.Inspect the grinding discs for any signs of wear or damage and replace if necessary.Regularly lubricate the moving parts of the machine as per the manufacturer's instructions.Overall, the operation of the vibration disc mill is relatively straightforward. It is important to follow the manufacturer's guidelines and recommendations for optimal performance and safety.中文回答：震动盘式粉碎磨仪操作流程。

玻璃常用汉英词汇A安培ampere安培表amperemeter安全玻璃safety glass安全操作safety operation安全措施safety measures安全阀，减压阀relief valve安全规程safety regulation安全条security bar安全中空玻璃safety double glass安装install,set up安装角rake angle(inclination angle of a windscreen)按；压press按钮button,push button按钮开关switch button凹印photogravureB靶式光源仪illuminator掰边；闸；制动器brake掰边台breaking table白边clear edge白玻璃，无色玻璃white glass, clear glass白云石dolomite百叶窗louver斑马法zebra(crossing)method板根meniscus板根肥大large and thick meniscus扳手spanner; wrench扳牙screw plate板边裂纹edge crack版本revision半径radius半圆边round semi-satin edge半自动semi-automatic包边moulding; encapsulation包边条moulding strip/profile包装package包装材料packing material包装纸wrapper保持；保存跳线keep; remain; maintain保护气体atmosphere保温材料insulating material保险insurance保险丝；熔断器fuse保窑protecting furnace报关customs clearance; pay customs duty爆边chip备件spare parts备件市场spare parts market备用standy-by备用发电机standby generator本厂碎玻璃domestic cullet,factory cullet比较compare必需的necessary边部缺陷edge fault边窗sidelight; sidelite边封sideseal编码器encoder变频器frequency inverter变速器variator变形deform变压器transformer标称尺寸nominal dimension标高elevation;level标题；题头title标志label; mark标准standard标准箱standard case表面强度surface strength表面张力surface tension波筋cord; threads; reams波浪wave波纹wavy cord; wave波纹streak玻璃板；玻璃原片glass sheet玻璃棒glass rod玻璃厂glass factory玻璃池窑（24小时）产量load玻璃池窑产量draw玻璃代码glass code玻璃带glass ribbon玻璃刀glass diamond玻璃钢glass-fiber reinforced plastic 玻璃工厂glass works玻璃管glass tube玻璃玛赛克mosaic glass玻璃密度glass density玻璃棉glass wool玻璃片粘在一起sticking together玻璃平衡厚度equilibrium thickness玻璃球glass marble玻璃容器glass vessel玻璃纱glass yarn玻璃上的图案monogramming玻璃丝glass silk玻璃态glass state玻璃陶瓷glass ceramic玻璃瓦glass tile玻璃纤维glass fiber玻璃性能glass performance玻璃液glass metal; melt玻璃液流flow玻璃液面glass level; metal level玻璃液面冷却水包fluxline waterbox玻璃液深度depth of metal玻璃毡glass mat玻璃粘度viscosity of glass玻璃纸glass paper玻璃纸cellophane玻璃砖glass block薄玻璃thin sheet glass薄层投料机blanket charging不合格玻璃off-grade glass不流动玻璃(窑内)dead glass不平行度/楔体wedge不碎玻璃non-shatterable glass不锈钢stainless steelC材料；物质；资料material材料库material storage财务部Financial Department采板snap采购buy; purchase采购部Purchasing Department采矿mining采取；采纳adopt; take one’s opinion彩带shade / top shade彩色玻璃colored glass彩饰玻璃stained glass菜单menu参数parameter操纵室control room操作operate操作手册operating manual操作员operator槽notch; channel槽口温度temperature of debiteuse mouth 槽子砖debiteuse草图sketch侧墙砖side wall block侧窗side window测量measure测量仪器measuring instrument测试test叉车fork truck叉式提升搬运车fork lift truck插座；套筒socket产量output产品product产销marketing and production铲槽子scraping debiteuse铲车lift truck长吨[英吨=2240磅]long ton长石feldspar厂外碎玻璃foreign cullet超载overload潮湿dampness车体玻璃exterior glazing撤消withdraw衬垫纸inter-leaving paper衬砖lining brick称量weighing成堆，散装的in bulk成品final product成品检验员final examiner成形to form; to shape成形环forming ring成形室drawing chamber成型form; shape成型机shaping machine成员member程序控制program control称量metage澄清fining澄清部fining area; refiner澄清剂refining agent澄清温度refining temperature橙色玻璃orange glass池壁 side wall池壁砖flux block池窑tank; tank furnace池窑卡脖tank neck尺寸size; dimension尺寸偏差size deviation齿轮gear; cogged wheel齿条toothed bar冲击实验impact test抽样specimen出口传输机outlet conveyor出口市场export market出料口discharge hole初压pre-nip除霜实验defrosting ability test储藏寿命shelf-life储油库oil reservoir处理deal with触点contact触摸屏touch screen传导率conductivity传动装置driving device传感器sensitive element;sensor传输带conveyor belt传输机conveyer船务代表shipping executive船运shipping窗玻璃window glass窗口window垂直的perpendicular; vertical垂直引上vertical drawing machine锤头hammer纯碱soda ash纯碱分散率loss soda ash percentage唇砖lip tile唇砖spout lip粗磨边coursely-ground edge粗抛光rough polishing粗砂coarse sand粗筛coarse screen粗研磨coarse grinding淬火，骤冷quenching; chilling淬火玻璃chilled glass存储器memory cartridge锉刀fileD打炉周期cycle of drawing chamber打开open; turn on; switch打孔机punching machine打样机proof machine大理石marble大修major repair大镟main arch呆扳手solid wrench单价unit price单片玻璃single layer单曲single bend; simple curvature 单向阀；止回阀one-way valve; non-return valve 弹簧spring氮nitrogen挡边keeping up the side导电玻璃conductive glass导阀；控制阀pilot valve导体conductor倒班工人shift worker倒角chamfer; fillet倒角孔chamfered hole倒料batch turning倒圆profiled edge捣打料ramming material捣渣池skim pocket灯光检验台luminous inspection table等外品oil filterD 玻璃（低介电玻璃）‘D’glass低标号水泥cement of low index底片film底座；机座base; base plate底座粘结实验Base Connection Test底座粘结性能base connection function地基，基础foundation点光源法method of dot light source点焊spot-weld电electricity电池battery电磁的electromagnetic电磁阀solenoid valve电镀electro-deposition电焊electric welding电极，焊条electrode电加温安全玻璃electric heating safety glass电缆cable电流current电炉丝resistor; heating element电气的electrical电气柜electric panel电气技术人员electrician电气修理车间electric-repair shop电热安全玻璃electrically-heated safety glass电容electric capacity电容器，冷凝器 condenser电熔莫来石砖electrically-fused mullite brick电熔窑electric furnace电熔铸耐火材料electrocast refractory电势计potentiometer电压voltage电压表voltmeter电源；功率power supply电源线power line电子元件electric element电阻electric resistance电阻偏差resistance deviation电阻试验resistance test电钻electrodrill垫片spacer; washer; lock washer吊车crane; hoist吊钩hook掉炉drawing-off吊墙hanging screen;suspended curtain wall 吊镟，矮镟（分隔工作部与熔化部)flying arch吊砖hanger brick调度；计划schedule; plan; project调度室Planning Department调节阀regulating valve掉模mold dropping叠差dislocation叠片机stacker钉柱locator pin钉箱nail the crate顶边top edge; edge tip订购place an order定额quota定位销taper pin; glass stop定影剂fixative董事；主任director董事长chairman of the board董事会Board of Directors动力车间power plant动平衡dynamic trim动作action冻结freezeDOT编号Department of Transportation Certification Number DOT 斗提机bucket elevator镀膜玻璃coated glass镀银silvering端盖end plate端口port短吨（美吨=2000磅）short ton短路short circuit短轴stud断路器circuit breaker断丝broken wire堆场container yard对辊 Asahi process drawing rollers对辊法Asahi process多层玻璃multiplayer glass惰性气体inert gas;noble gasE耳池auriculate bath二极管diode二氧化硫sulfur dioxideF发动机engine发货地place of delivery发霉mould;mildew发霉weathering of glass发票invoice发射emission发运人,承运人shipper阀门valve阀门组件valve complete法兰flange反馈feedback反射比luminous reflectance方向direction防弹玻璃bullet proof glass防火玻璃fireproof glass防眩玻璃glare reducing glass防眩风挡玻璃windshield glass against dazzle放边widening ribbon放玻璃水tapping of the melts放大器amplifier飞料batch carry-over非裸露边unexposed edge废玻璃破碎机cullet crusher废玻璃液dead metal废气exhaust gas废气waste steam废热锅炉waste-heat boiler废液waste liquor分解decompose分开separate分离器separator分料segregation分配器distributor分支烟道branch flue粉色玻璃pink glass粉碎comminution风挡windshield风机fan风冷air cooling风冷钢化玻璃air quench hardening glass封闭砖seal block弗克法（有槽垂直引上法）forming of glass伏特volt浮雕玻璃profile glass浮法玻璃float glass浮法玻璃工艺float glass process浮渣scum浮渣float slag浮渣层scum layer负荷load复合曲面complex-curved glass符号symbol辐照试验箱irradiator辅助材料auxiliary material辅助电熔electric boosting负极negative pole负责responsible for; be in charge of 副像偏离double vision; optical deviation 副像识别实验Secondary Image Separation Test 副像实验Secondary Image Test富氧燃烧oxygen-enriched副总经理Vice General ManagerG改板changing substance of ribbon钙玻璃lime glass盖砖cover block感光玻璃photosensitive glass干料dry batch干燥dry干燥剂desiccating agent;drying agent 干燥器desiccator钢steel钢化quench; harden钢化（出现的）虹彩tempering colors钢化玻璃tempered glass; toughed glass;钢化彩虹iris from tempering float glass 钢化彩虹bloom钢化度degree of the temper钢化风机quench fan钢化炉tempering furnace钢结构steel structure钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete钢球试验Ball Test高标号水泥cement of high index高低温湿热试验箱utmost temperature and humidity container 高温计infrared thermometer高温计pyrometer高压high pressure高压釜autoclave锆砖zircon brick疙瘩knot格子砖checker brick隔热heat-insulation铬硅砖chrome-silica brick铬镁砖chrome-magnesite brick铬质耐火材料chrome refractory铬砖chrome brick给定方向的光畸变optical distortion in a given direction 更改change; modify; revise工厂装置，设备plant工程，计划project; plan; schedule工程部Epuipment Engineering Department工程师engineer工具tool工序；过程process; procedure工作端working end工作服working clothes公差tolerance公式formulation供料通路fore health供水系统water supply system供应商supplier拱，旋arch拱高depth拱高height of segment构成composition鼓泡 bubbling鼓泡机bubbler固态燃料solid fuel故障trouble; be out of order; disorder刮刀squeegee刮刀胶条squeegee bar; rubber挂钩痕迹tongs mark关掉close; turn off; switch off关键的critical; key观察孔eye hole;sight hole观点；看法view; opinion; idea管道pipe line管接头pipe nipple管理manage光导纤维optic fiber光电离器optic coupler光畸变visibility distortion光畸变点spot distortion光畸变实验Visibility Distortion Test光洁度finish光谱spectrum光谱试验Spectrum Test光谱仪optical spectrometer光稳定性light stability光学玻璃optical glass光学偏移实验Optical Deviation Test光学性能评估evaluation of optical property光学要求optical requirement辊子伤roller scratch硅粉celite powder硅砂silica sand;quartz sand硅酸盐玻璃silicate glass硅砖silica block辊roller辊道传输机roller conveyer滚珠丝杆ball screw and nut国际玻璃委员会International Commission for Glass（I.C.G)过大火heating with normal burner过渡辊lift up rollers国内的；家居的domestic国外的；非本土的foreign过量加热over heating过滤器filterH哈哈镜magic mirror焊接welding焊天线weld the antenna焊锡solder航期voyage date合成synthesis合格原板qualified raw sheet合片laminate荷叶边flounce黑边obscuration band黑色印边black ceramic恒温恒湿箱constant temperature and humidity container 恒温器thermostat横火焰燃烧器cross-fired burner烘干机dryer烘弯炉Continued Bending Furnace红宝石玻璃ruby glass红外线infra-red ray;ultra-red ray后档玻璃rear windshield; backlight; backlite后墙back wall后三角rear vent厚玻璃thick sheet glass厚度thickness厚度偏差thickness offset; thickness deviation虎钳；台钳vise滑槽sliding channel滑动窗slider化合物compound化学分析chemical analysis化学钢化chemical-tempered glass化学稳定性chemical stability划伤scratch换火reversal还原剂reducing agent还原焰reducing flame环境environment; circumstance幻灯机projector换槽子changing debiteuse换算表conversion table换算系数conversion factor换向间隔reversal interval换向器reversal device灰色玻璃grey glass回流（玻璃液）back current回墨刀flood回油阀oil return valve绘图纸drawing paper汇总整合assembly混合料mixed batch混合物mixture混料仓blending bin混料机batch mixer混凝土地基concrete foundation活塞piston活塞泵piston pump活塞阀piston valve火根root of flame火稍end of flame火石玻璃flint glass火焰flame火焰发飘flame drifting火焰覆盖面积flame covered火焰亮度brightness of flame火焰调节flame adjustment火焰调整flame adjustment火焰控制flame controlJ机床machine tool机动车vehicle机器零件machine parts机体body机械的technical机械技师technician机修车间machine repair shop机油mobile oil;motor oil基本的basic; essential基础玻璃base glass基础玻璃，母体玻璃mother glass基准线datum line激光laser激烈的竞争cutthroat competition急停开关emergency stop switch集装箱container计时器timer计数卡count board计数器counter计算机computer计算机中心Computer Center记录log技术开发部Technical Development Department继电器relay架疙瘩passing knots over加料feed加料端feed end加料皮带feed belt加热，烤窑heat up加热器heater加热线heating wire; heating line; defrost line 加热线断线heating wire broken加热元件heat element夹层玻璃laminated glass;sandwich glass夹层风挡玻璃laminated windshield夹丝玻璃wired glass夹丝加热线玻璃heating of wire-laminated glass夹丝天线wire-antenna夹杂物foreign body钾硷/碳酸钾potash价目单price catalogue间隙clearance; gap间隙砖filler brick减速器gear motor检查inspection检查员inspector检具checking fixture剪切实验test of shear检验标准inspection standard建筑玻璃architectural glass;construction glass 键盘keyboard降级degrade交货delivery胶布tape胶合层不足sub-interlayer胶合层气泡bubble in interlay胶合层杂质interlayer dirt胶水glue角钢angle bracket角砖corner block角桌corner table搅拌stir搅拌器stirrer搅拌机blender接触器contactor接近开关proximity switch结料batch cake接收accept接头fitting节流阀throttle valve; orifice valve节省spare结石;油石stone解决solve解决方法solution解释；说明explain; interpret界面卡interface board金刚砂emery金刚石diamond金刚石玻璃刀diamond glass cutter浸没燃烧immersion combustion金属；玻璃液metal紧贴stickly firmly进气阀intake valve经验experience晶质玻璃crystal glass净化；提纯purity净重net weight静电的electrostatic镜框玻璃picture glass镜子mirror纠正correct酒精alcohol锯saw卷尺tape measure绝对编码器absolute encoder绝缘insulate绝缘层Carlite; insulation均化homogenize均匀度homogeneous degreeK卡脖waist卡脖吊墙shadow wall卡片纸card paper卡钳calipers开发；发展develop开口扳手open-ended spanner开口泡broken blister开口气泡open bottom bubble开瓶器opener看火孔peep hole看炉watching chamber抗冲击性impact resistance抗穿透实验Penetration Resistance Test抗穿透性penetration resistance抗磨性abrasion resistance抗压实验resistance-to-compression test抗张强度/张力tensile strength靠模cutting mold可编程控器programming logic controller可控硅thyristor; silicon controlled rectifier 刻度线scale mark刻花玻璃cut glass客户投诉customer complaint空气面air side空心玻璃hollow glass控制板control board控制阀control valve控制柜control panel控制器controller控制系统control system控制元件control element口令；密码password库存inventory库存品stock夸脱（=0.25加仑）quart宽度width矿泉水mineral water矿物的mineral框架frame扩孔钻reamer扩展板add-in boardLL 玻璃，铅玻璃，防辐射玻璃‘L’ glass拉边机top roller拉力实验resistance-to-tension test拉膜stretch拉丝机pulling machine拉条tie rod拉引速度stretching speed来源resource; source蓝色blue烙铁iron; soldering iron雷达radar类型；种类type; class冷端操作cold-end operation冷环cold ring冷却cool; cooling冷却部cooling end冷却剂coolant冷却空气cooling air冷却水cooling water冷却水包cooler冷却速度cooling rate冷却塔cooling tower冷修cold repair离岸港port of departure离合器clutch; brake里层印刷sub-surface printing粒化料pelletizing batch连接卡coupler联轴器coupling链扣chain connector链轮sprocket链条chain亮斑shiner/ dimple量具gauge燎裂子firing crack料道feeder channel料滴drop料斗batch hopper料斗车hopper car料堆float batch料架；料箱bin料盆 feeder spout料团lump裂纹crack;strings淋子方向flow direction灵敏度sensitivity流道canal流道闸板tweel流量调节器flow regulator流量计flow meter溜子chute流液洞furnace throat;dog-hole 硫磺sulfur/sulphur六角螺母hex head nut漏光leak light漏锡tin leaking露点dew point炉底砖paving block炉龄furnace life炉条镟rider arch炉渣furnace slag滤网gauze filter绿色玻璃green glass螺钉screw螺距pitch螺母nut螺栓bolt螺丝刀screw driver螺旋测微仪micrometer裸露边exposed edge落箭试验Dart Dropping TestMM'玻璃（高弹性模量玻璃）M' glass麻面（玻璃缺陷）burn麻点mottling麻点pit马达；电机motor马力horse power(HP)马蹄形，U形horse shoe马蹄焰窑end-fired furnace码垛pile唛头marks满槽fulled bath满足要求；使满意satisfy; fulfill; meet the requirement芒硝salt cake芒硝含率salt cake content芒硝水water of salt cake毛玻璃frosted glass;mat glass毛重gross weight煤粉powdered coal美国材料试验标准②American Standard of Testing Materials)美国材料试验学会ASTM(①AmericanSociety for Testing Materials )美国国家标准ANS(American National Standard）美国耐火材料学会ARI(American Refractory Institute)美国陶瓷协会ACS(American Ceramic Society)镁铬砖magnesite-chrome brick镁砖magnesite brick密度density密封sealing; gasket密封air proof密封检测仪pressurizing tester冕玻璃crown glass面板face plate面积squareness;surface面貌manners描图纸tracing paper秒表stop watch名片纸alabaster paper模布mold cloth模具mold模具痕迹mold mark模纸ceramic paper磨边edge grinding磨边机machine for edging磨耗仪abraser磨轮diamond wheel磨纱玻璃grounded glass磨伤scratch and rub磨削量grinding offset母线busbar木条箱crate目grid目标aim; goal目标窑target furnace目的destination; purpose目的港port of destination目录，索引index目前的present; currentN钠钙矽酸盐玻璃soda lime glass内存memory内径inside diameter内六角扳手Allen wrench耐潮湿试验Humidity Test耐潮湿性humidity resistance耐腐蚀性实验Chemical Resistance Test耐光试验Radiation Test耐寒试验Resistance to Cold Test耐寒性freezing resistance耐火材料的熔蚀erosion of refractory耐火砖refractory耐久性durability耐久性实验Durability Test耐老化性weathering quality耐老化性实验Weathering Test耐模拟气候试验Environment Resistance Test耐磨试验Abrasion Resistance Test耐清洗剂实验solvent Resistance Test耐清洗性solvent resistance耐燃烧性实验Flammability Test耐温度急变性试验Thermal Shock Test耐温试验Bake Teat能见度visibility泥浆mud粘度viscosity粘度计viscosimeter粘土clay粘土灰浆clay mortar黏土型芯core of clay粘土砖clay brick浓度consistency农用玻璃garden glass牛皮纸kraft paperPpH值pH valuePVB残留PVB surplus排放水drainage system排气系统exhaust system排泄管drain pipe判断judge抛光polish抛光边（仿型边）polished edge抛光玻璃polished glass跑料batch deviation;batch wandering;run 泡界线scum line泡界线（玻璃池窑中的）foam line泡沫玻璃foam glass配合料batch配合料方batch formula配合料结石batch stone配合料溶化时间batch free time配料batching配料车间furnishing room配料秤batch scale配料量dosage配套市场OEM market喷粉inject powder喷粉装置powder spray equipment喷咀砖burner block喷枪spray gun喷砂sand-blast硼砂borax硼酸boric acid硼矽酸盐玻璃borosilicate glass喷针needle of nozzle喷嘴nozzle膨胀缝expansion joint膨胀系数expansion coefficient皮带输送机belt conveyer皮尔金顿浮法生产法Pilkington float process匹兹堡法（无槽垂直引上法）Pittsburgh process片，张，件piece偏差deviation偏斜out of square票夹clip撇渣skimming频率frequency平板玻璃plate glass;flat glass;sheet glass平版印刷机/石印机lithographic press平钢化玻璃flat tempered glass平夹层玻璃flat laminated glass平拉法Colburn process平模吊杆vacuum chamber hanger roc sub-assembly平台platform平行的parallel平镟flat arch屏蔽电缆shield cable破例make an exception破皮sheel破碎后能见度试验Visibility Test after Fracture破碎试验Fracture Test破碎性fragmentation曝光exposure曝光灯halogen lampQ漆包线 enameled wire; insulated wire; covered wire 漆刷paint brush企业形象corporation image启动boot启动器starter气缸cylinder气密air seal气幕燃烧系统draft curtain system气泡bubble气压air pressure汽车玻璃 automotive glass汽化vaporization汽油petrol铅玻璃lead glass前档玻璃front windshield前言foreword浅绿色玻璃light green glass浅弯shallow bending嵌条fillerstrip强拉力high breaking strength敲击试验pummel adhesion切裁车间cutting shop切裁工cut off man=cutter切裁机cut off machine切裁率per cent of shear cut切裁率yield of glass sizing切点tac point; tan point切割尺寸cut size切割刀轮轴cutting wheel center pin切割砂轮cut off wheel切割头cutting head assembly; stripping head assembly切割压力cutting pressure切桌cutter’s table侵蚀erosion轻工业light industry轻质玻璃light soda ash清粉remove powder清洁clean清洁；清除clear球面sag球面cross bending区域field区域钢化玻璃zone-tempered glass曲率curvature曲率半径radius of curvature取玻璃液用铁杆/顶盘托杆punty/pontil取消cancel去掉；删除cut; remove; eliminate去离子水demineral water圈；环ring全拱full arch全自动化full automation缺角corner lack缺席be absent缺陷defectR热处理heat treatment热电隅thermocouple热反射玻璃reflecting glass热反射安全玻璃safety reflective glass热敏电阻thermal resistor热弯玻璃hot bending glass热修hot repair人工加料manual feeding人事行政部Human Resource Department;Personel Department 人头模型试验Head-Form Test认证approval日产量daily output日用玻璃domestic glass熔成率batch changing into melt rate绒毛fine hair容器玻璃container glass溶解dissolve熔化melting熔化部melting end熔化池melting tank熔化的molten熔化时间melting time熔化温度melting temperature熔化温度制度temperature regulation for glass-melting 熔窑melting furnace熔窑热效率heat efficency of furnace熔铸耐火材料molten-cast refractory乳白玻璃milk glass;opal glass乳浊玻璃opaque glass入口inlet入口传输机inlet conveyor软化点softening point软件software软盘floppy软水soft water润滑剂lubricant润滑脂greaseSS 玻璃（高强度玻璃纤维）‘S’glass塞尺clearance gauge晒图纸blueprint paper三极管triode三角窗quarter三通管three-way pipe三相电流three phase current三阳开泰three colors mixed散装load in bulk扫描器scanner色斑color spot纱布gauze砂布glass cloth砂轮机sharpener砂岩sandstone砂纸abrasive paper砂子sand筛分screen classification筛网screen筛网大小mesh size筛子sieve商标trade mark; logo商标位置logo location; location of trade mark 上炉drawing up上片load glass上片台loading table; index table烧边火side firing烧结sinter烧结铬铝砖sintered zircon-alumina brick烧炉firing drawing-chamber舌片terminal connector舌片焊接terminal soldering舌片拉力试验tongue tension test设备equipment; machine设计design设计参数design parameter设计产量designed output设计方案designing scheme设计生产能力designed productive capacity设置set设置提示prompt for setup深色deep color深弯deep bending审核audit; audition升级upgrade生产费用production costs生产工艺production tecnology生产线production line生料raw batch失效模式及影响分析Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)施釉机machine for glazing湿度humidity湿度，含水量moisture湿料wet batch十字镟crossed arch石灰石limestone石英玻璃quartz glass石油petroleum实际展开面积surface area实验片test piece实验室lab实验室玻璃laboratory glass实验员laboratory technician拾取pick up蚀刻etching使用；利用make use of; use;utilize使用寿命service life市场调研marketing investigation; marketing research 试运转test run室内温度ambient temperature适配器adapter module适用于apply to; suitable for收到receive; get收货人consignee收缩shrinkage手柄handle手动的manual手工切裁manual cutting受控的restricted售后服务after-sales service授权commission输出模组output unit输入模组input unit输送带belt鼠标mouse术语terms树脂resin树脂环resin ring数据data数控切割机NC-cutting machine数量quantity数显拉力机digital tensionmeter数字欧姆表digital ohmmeter刷子brush双层玻璃窗double glazing;double-pane safety glass双杆气缸twin rod cylinder双辊破碎机double-roll crusher双辊压延玻璃double-rolled glass双环扳手ring spanner双路气缸twin port cylinder双曲double bend; double curvature双斜边double bevel水表water-gauge水处理water treatment水龙头water tap水密的，不漏水的water-tight水泥cement水泥混凝土cement concrete水平的horizontal水纹water stained说明书description;instruction四大稳four large stabilizing四小稳four small stabilizing丝杆螺母box nut丝绢silk丝网印刷silk screened; silk print丝印机Silk-screen Printing Machine 丝锥screw tap丝锥扳手screw stock伺服电机 servo motor伺服控制器servo controller速度speed熟料grog熟料含率cullet adding碎玻璃仓cullet bin碎玻璃堆场cullet yard碎玻璃库cullet storage碎玻璃料斗cullet hopper碎片曝光仪fragment exposure light缩边narrowing ribbon梭子shuttle索赔claim锁定lockTT型管T-connector太阳玻璃helio glass太阳能玻璃solar glass碳粉carbon碳粉含率powdered carbon content搪瓷enamel glass烫伤scald; burn陶瓷材料ceramic material陶瓷的;油墨ceramic陶瓷辊ceramic roller掏渣de-drossing套筒扳手socket wrench特薄玻璃板extra-thin sheet glass特厚玻璃板extra-thick sheet glass特殊的special特性features; characteristic提单bill of lading提交submit; hand in提升elevate; lift提升机，电梯elevator体积，容积volume天窗ventilator roof天然气natural gas天线antenna条款clause; item跳线jumper铁锨shovel铁锈rust铁腰子iron band停产shut down停窑furnace shutdown通风ventilating通风烟囱draft stack通知地址notify address同步带timing belt同步带轮timing pulley同步的；同期的synchronous铜 copper统计工序控制Statistic Processing Control投料batch charging投料池dog house basin投料端墙end wall投料机batch charger投料口dog house透光度实验Luminous Transmittance Test透光系数light transmittance透镜lens透明玻璃clear glass透明的transparent透射率light transitivity凸块top-mesh凸模curved mold图纸；草图drawing; draft涂霜试验Efficiency of Melting Test退出exit; be out of退火annealing退火不足bad annealing退火范围annealing range退火温度annealing temperature退火窑lehr褪色discolor;fade托架粘接bracket adhesion脱胶delaminate脱色decolorize脱色剂decolouring agent脱水dewatering脱脂defatW瓦（特）watt瓦，砖tile外观质量appearance quality外压力external pressure弯玻璃bent glass弯钢化玻璃curved tempered glass弯管接头elbow joint弯曲bend; curve弯曲边curved side; bend side弯曲变形实验resistance-to-flexure弯曲度wrapage完成fulfill万向轮free wheel网版制作make a film; make an negative;screen making 网框framework网络network网歪斜out of square for wire危险danger; hazard微型气缸slim cylinder维修maintenance;repair维修车间repair shop未澄清的玻璃液batch free温度计thermometer温度性能temperature performance文件；资料file; document吻合度gap吻合度curvature tolerance吻合度偏差gap deviation; form contour污染pollution无光玻璃dull glass无碱玻璃alkali-free glass无铅油墨non-lead ceramic无污染pollution free无效的invalid无序disorder误差；错误error雾斑hot end dust雾化atomization雾化介质automizing mediumXX射线X-ray吸尘dust collection吸盘vacuum pad吸热玻璃heat-absorbing glass吸热钢化玻璃tempered heat-absorbing glass 析晶devitrify;crystallization矽肺病silicosis矽石silica稀释风dilution air稀释剂dilution锡tin锡槽tin bath锡渣dross吸热玻璃solar-aborsb-glass吸水纸absorbent paper洗涤wash洗砂机sand washer系数coefficient系统设置区域system setup field细节detail细裂纹hair cracks细磨边finely ground edge细纱fine sand下片unload显示display显示器monitor线道wire line线道，玻筋thread线圈coil线速度line speed线性电机linear motor线状削角linear chamfer; thready chamfer 线状削角thready chamfer; linear chamfer 限位开关limit switch霰弹袋试验shot-bag test相反地on the contrary镶嵌imbed橡胶管hose销售部Sales Department小刀knife小炉port小炉脖镟port neck arch小炉侧墙port side wall小炉口port opening小气泡fine seed小心caution小修minor repair小眼温度temperature of orifice协处理器coordinator协议；合同agreement; contract斜边beveled edge斜边切割bevel cutting卸货港port of discharge卸料discharge卸片机unstacker锌zinc新陶瓷(微晶玻璃）new ceramal信号signal行程开关position switch型号model性能performance性能实验performance test性质property胸墙breast wall修边trim修订记录revise a record蓄热室regenerator chamber蓄热室格子砖regenerator packing旋碴buckstay旋转接头rotary joint旋转桌rotating table选择开关option switch;selector switch 选料间rag sorting loft选片option panel镟碴 skewback循环circulating循环泵circulating pump循环时间cycle time循环水circulating waterY压槽子suppressing debiteuse down压辊press roll压花玻璃figured glass;patterned glass 压环bush压块料brinqueting batch压力表pressure gauge压模；热环hot ring; die assembly压缩机compressor压缩空气compressed air压延玻璃rolled glass压延法Rolling process压制成型press bending烟道flue烟道镟flue arch烟道闸板flue damper烟道砖flue block研磨grinding研磨机grinder颜料dye颜色识别实验Color Identification Test颜色识别实验identification of colors test 验收测试acceptance test氧oxygen氧化剂oxidizing agent氧化焰oxidizing flame样品;样片sample窑底砖bottom block窑期campaign of furnace窑体保温insulation of furnace wall要求require; command; ask。

Oral solid dosage form / Oral solid preparation 口服固体制剂Materials [mə'tɪərɪəlz]物料，材料Raw materials 原辅料Starting materials 起始物料Packing materials 包装材料Active pharmaceutical ingredient API [,fɑːmə'suːtɪk(ə)l; -'sjuː-]原料ingredient [ɪn'griːdɪənt] n. 原料；要素；组成部分adj. 构成组成部分的Excipient , adjuvant 辅料excipient [ik'sipint] n. 【药物】赋形剂adjuvant ['ædʒʊv(ə)nt] n. [药] 佐药；助理员adj. 辅助的Diluents 稀释剂Fillers 填充剂Starch 淀粉starch [stɑːtʃ]Dextrin 糊精dextrin ['dekstrɪn]Lactose 乳糖lactose ['læktəʊz; -s]Moistening agent , humectant [hjʊ'mekt(ə)nt]润湿剂Adhesive , binder 粘合剂[əd'hiːsɪv; -zɪv]Ethanol['eθənɒl]乙醇Disintegrants disintegrant [dɪs'ɪntɪɡrənt] 崩解剂Lubricant ['luːbrɪk(ə)nt]润滑剂Glidants 助流剂Antiadherent 抗粘剂Talc [tælk] 滑石粉Intermediates 中间体Finished product 最终成品Supper 供应商Distributor 分销商Manufacturer [,mænjʊ'fæktʃ(ə)rə(r)] 生产商Audit ['ɔːdɪt]审计Tablet 片剂Granules [grænju:ls]颗粒剂Capsules 胶囊剂Powder 散剂Pills 丸剂Compressed tablet 普通片Coated tablet 包衣片Sugar coated tablet 糖衣片Film coated tablet 薄膜衣片Enteric coated tablet 肠溶衣片Effervescent tablet [efə'vesənt]泡腾片Chewable tablet 咀嚼片Dispersible tablet 分散片Sustained release tablet 缓释片Controlled release tablet 控释片Multilayer tablet ['mʌltɪleɪə]多层片Manufacturing process 生产工艺Milling / grinding ['graɪndɪŋ]碾碎Sifting 过筛Dispensing 配料Blending ['blendɪŋ]混合Granulating / granulation [,ɡrænjʊ'leɪʃən]成粒，制粒Drying 干燥Tablet compression 压片compression [kəm'preʃ(ə)n] n. 压缩，浓缩；压榨，压迫Dedust [di:'dʌst]除尘Coating 包衣Polish ['pɒlɪʃ] 抛光Dies arrangement 配模arrangement [ə'reɪn(d)ʒm(ə)nt] n. 布置；整理；准备dies ['daii:z] n. [机] 模具（名词die的复数）；（拉）日n. (Dies)人名；(英)戴斯；(西)迭斯v. 死亡；消失（动词die的第三人称单数形式）；凋谢Packing 包装Bottle washing 洗瓶Bottle drying 烘瓶Packaging 包装，打包Labeling 贴签Filling 填充，灌装Capsule shell 胶囊壳shell [ʃel]n. 壳，贝壳；炮弹；外形vt. 剥皮；炮轰vi. 剥落；设定命令行解释器的位置Blister packing 起泡包装Inner packing material 内包材Outer packing material 外包材Whole test 全检Weight 重量Fineness 细度，粒度Particle size 粒度Loss on drying 干燥失重Content 含量Disintegration 崩解度Dissolution 溶出度Appearance 外观Quality 质量Quantity 数量Equipment / facility / apparatus / device 设备Process step 工艺步骤Weighing & dispensing 称配Granulation 制粒Compression 压片Coating 包衣Capsule filling 胶囊填充Batch production instruction / order 批生产指令Standard operation procedure 标准操作规程Formulation 处方Verification 确认，检定Calibration 校准Qualification 确认Validation 验证Authentication 认证Weighing cover 称重罩Weighting box 称重柜Balance 天平Electronic platform scale 电子台秤Vibrating sieve 振荡筛Mesh 网眼Grinder / pulverizer 粉碎机Inlet 进料口Steel tooth 钢齿Annular sieve plate 换装筛板Outlet 出粉口Charging hole 加料口Horizontal shaft 水平轴Shaking device 抖动装置Air bleeding pocket 放气袋Wet granulation 湿法制粒Dry granulation 干法制粒Spray granulation 喷雾制粒Mixing granulator 混合制粒机Pneumatic lid-opening device 启动开盖装置Cutting motor 切割电机Cooling water enters 冷却水进口Air admission orifice 进气管口Cooling water out 冷却水出口Touch screen 触摸屏Stirring motor 搅拌电机Power supply 电源Compressed air source 压缩空气源Controller 控制器Cutting knife 造粒刀Drum lid 桶盖Drum 盛料筒Discharge hole 出料口Stirrer 搅拌器Driving belt 传送皮带Machine base 机座Fluid bed granulator 流化床制粒机Hot air circulating oven 热风循环烘箱Heater 加热器Fan 风扇Filter gauze 滤网Mixing machine 混合机Quality test 质量检查Weight difference 片重差异Hardness 硬度Rigidity 脆碎度Rotary tablet press 旋转式压片机Die 冲模Punch 冲头Upper punch 上冲Upper pinch roller 上压轮Filling support 填充架Powder scraper 刮粉器Die 模圈Lower punch 下冲Tablet weight adjuster 片中调节器Lower pinch roller 下压轮ourlet adjuster 出片调节器coating 包衣isolated layer 隔离层sub-coating layer 粉衣层sugar-coating layer 糖衣层colored sugar-coating layer 有色糖衣层polishing 打光coating machine / coater 包衣机sidedoor 侧门upper box 上箱体lower box 下箱体airtight chamber 密闭工作室coating platen 包衣滚筒big sprocket 大链轮tensioner 涨紧轮cycle chain 链条washing pan 清洗盘small sprocket 小链轮electromotor 电动机capsule filling machine 胶囊填充机adjusting screw 填充杆调节螺钉upper die-set 上模架column 立柱powder loop 盛粉环metering plate 计量盘lock screw 锁紧螺钉fixed screw 固定螺钉gland flange 压板scale 标尺cover 盖板filling bar 填充杆powder scraper 刮粉器hopper 胶囊料斗liner bearing 直线轴承fork slider 拨叉滑块sliding valve 滑动门阀knob 旋钮baffle 挡板fastening screw 紧固螺钉order fork 顺序叉shifting fork 胶囊拨叉inverted trough 胶囊导槽lyophilized products / freeze drying preparation 冻干产品personnel 人员equipment 设备materials 物料regulations 法规environment 环境cross-contamination 交叉污染positive pressure 正压negative pressure 负压weighing room 称量室downflow booth 垂直层流工作室fan drive system 风机驱动系统HEPA filterHigh efficiency particulate air filter 高效过滤器Bleed air 排风Containment zone 控制区Background environment 背景环境Clean area 洁净区Grade A BUnclean area 一般区Differential pressure 压差Air speed 风速Temperature 温度Humidity 湿度Electronic balance 电子天平Operation keys 操作键Display with backlight 背光显示屏Model plate 型号标牌Draft shield element 放风圈Weighing pan 秤盘Draft shield 防风罩Leveling feet 水平调节脚Hager 秤钩AC adapter socket 交流电源适配器插座Interface 接口Solution preparation 配液Thick preparation 浓配Thin preparation 稀配Tanks for solution preparation 配液灌Sight glass 视镜Hatch 人孔Liquid level meter 液位计Liquid outlet 出液口Condensate water 冷凝水Steam inlet 蒸汽入口Automatic control 自动化控制Sterile filtration 无菌过滤Clean in place 在线清洗Sterilization in place 在线灭菌Critical process parameter 关键工艺参数Visible particles 可见异物Pressure parameter 压力参数Process water 工艺用水Drinking water 饮用水Purified water 纯化水Water for injection (WFI) 注射用水Cooling / chilled water 冷冻水Pure steam 纯蒸汽Compressed air 压缩空气Activated carbon 活性炭Adsorbent temperature 吸附温度Circulating temperature 循环温度Pass box 传递窗Stainless steel nozzle 不锈钢喷嘴Vision glass 观察窗High strength hinge 高强度合页Pass window 传递窗Air handling panel 通风板Handle 把手Electronic interlock 电子互锁机构Primary meshed plate 初校网孔板Purification fan unit 净化风机Differential pressure gauge 压差表Intercom device 对讲机Ultraviolet lamp 紫外灯Unpowered roller 无动力滚筒Cleaning and sterilization 清洗灭菌Filter element 过滤器滤芯Visible foreign matters 可见异物Insoluble particles 不溶性微粒Autoclave 高压灭菌器Document 文件Record 记录Report 报告Vial washing machine 洗瓶机Vertical ultrasonic washing machine 立体超声波清洗机Cycle index 循环次数Sterilizing and drying 灭菌干燥Heated air circulation sterilizing oven 热风循环烘箱Tunnel sterilizing oven 隧道烘箱Suction blower 吸风机Laminar flow 层流Valve 阀门Plenum chamber 静压箱Air bellow 风箱、Surface air cooler 表冷器Net belt 网带Rubber stopper cleaning machine 胶塞清洗机Bacterial endotoxin 细菌内毒素Filling and partially stoppering 灌装和半加塞Filling machine 灌装机Content adjustment 装量调节Laminar flow protection 层流保护Content uniformity 装量差异Samples 样品Stoppering system 加塞系统Feeding system 上料系统Freeze-drying system 冻干系统Sublimation 升华Desorption 解吸附Freeze dryer /lyophilizer 冻干机Chamber 冻干箱Shelves 板层Condense 冷肼Hydraulic 液压Circulation system 循环系统Vacuum system 真空系统Control system 控制系统Refrigeration system 制冷系统Compressor 压缩机Condensor 冷凝器Expansion valve 膨胀阀Evaporator 蒸发器Oil pump 油泵Crankcase heater 曲轴箱加热器Intake port 吸气口Junction box 接线盒Flusher 喷洒装置Mameplate 名牌Safety valve 安全阀Vacuum gauge 真空计Electrical heater 电加热Plate heat exchanger 板式加热器Pressure gauge 压力表Relay 继电器Pneumatic ball valve 气动球阀Diaphragm valve 隔膜阀Rolling cover operation 扎盖Rolling-cover machine 轧盖机Turntable 转台Orbit 轨道Bottle distribution 理瓶Capping structure 压盖结构Main motor 主电机Operation panel 操作面板Loading & unloading system 进出料系统Artificial feeding system 人工上料系统Laminar car 层流车Battery container 蓄电池箱Universal wheel 万向轮Fan filter unit 风机过滤单元Barrier system 隔离系统Isolator 隔离器Glove box 手套箱Half suit 半身衣。

ALWAYS READ INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE USINGRL4257" Angle Sander34513536373839 4041 42434449 4546477965211615141312101135017181920213332302928292324222548262027Item#1235679 1011 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25Part #Description Qty.Air InletExhaust BushingMotor HousingHandle CoverLeverThrottle Lever PinThrottle Valve BushingValve StemO-RingSpringAir RegulatorO-RingO-RingValve ScrewGasketBearing CapRetainer RingBall BearingRear End PlateRotor BladeRotorDowel PinCylinder11111111111111111214111Item#26272829303233343536373839404142434445464748495051Part #Description Qty.RS71626RS71627RS71628RS21109RS71630RS71632RS71633RS71634RS71635RS71636RS71637RS71638RS71639RS71640RS71641RS71642RS71643RS71644RS71645RS71646RS71647RS71648RS71649RS71650RS71651RS71601RS71602RS71603RS71605RS71606RS71607RS71609RS71610RS71611RS71612RS71613RS71614RS71615RS71616RS71617RS71618RS71619RS21417RS71621RS71622RS71623RS71624RS71625Front End PlateClamp NutSpacerBall BearingBevel Gear ShaftAllen Cap ScrewDead handleHousing-AngleNeedle BearingRetainer RingWave WasherBevel GearBearing BushingBall BearingWoodruff KeyGear ShaftGasketAngle Housing CoverScrew with Lock WasherSander PadRetaining NutO-RingStop SpannerRubberBearing Plate1112141111111111114111111Tools of this class operate on a wide range of airpressures. It is recommended that air pressure of these tools measure 90 PSI at the tool while running free.Higher pressure and unclean air will shorten the tool’s life because of faster wear and may create a hazardous condition.Water in the air line will cause damage to the tool.Drain the air tank daily. Clean the air inlet filterscreen on at least a weekly schedule. The recommended hook-up procedure can be viewed in Figure 2.The air inlet, Figure 1, used for connecting air supply, has standard 1/4" NPT American Thread.Line pressure should be increased to compensate for unusually long air hoses (over 25 feet). Minimum hose diameter should be 3/8" I.D. and fittings should have the same inside dimensionsAIR SUPPLYBefore operating this sander, it is important to ensure that the sanding pad is secure. To do this, hold the stop spanner on the gear shaft and turn the pad clockwise until tight.Note: Make sure dead handle is installed on appropriate side of sander for positive grip while operating tool.To change sanding discs: Remove retaining nut , place abrasive disk on sanding pad, then replace retaining nut. Again, make sure pad is tightened securely.Let the sander do the work. The normal weight of the machine is sufficient for efficient sanding. Do not put excessive pressure on the machine. This will only slow down the speed of the pad, reduce sanding efficiency and put an additional burden on the motor. Start the sander off the work, set it down on the work evenly and move it slowly back and forth in wide, overlapping areas. When finished sanding, lift it off the work before stopping the motor.OPERATIONTROUBLESHOOTINGLUBRICATION & MAINTENANCEWARRANTYLubricate the tool daily with a good grade of air tool oil. If no air line oiler is used, run a teaspoon of oil through the tool. The oil can be squirted into the tool air inlet, Figure 1, or into the hose at the nearest connection to the air supply, then run the tool. A rust inhibitive oil is acceptable for air tools.Matco warrants its air tools for a period of 1 year to the consumer. We will repair any air tool covered under this warranty which proves to be defective in material or workmanship during the warranty period.In order to have your tool repaired, return the tool to any Matco Authorized Warranty Center, freight prepaid. Please include a copy of your proof of purchase and a brief description of the problem. The tool will be inspected and if any part or parts are found to be defective in material or workmanship,they will be repaired free of charge and the repaired tool will be returned to you freight prepaid.This warranty gives you specific rights. You may also have other rights which vary from state to state.The foregoing obligation is Matco's sole liability under this or any implied warranty and under no circumstances shall Matco be liable for any incidental or consequential damages.Note: Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you.Figure 1Figure 2Air Inlet。

喷砂技术规范Procedure for Sand BlastingBLOCK 6 LIGHT CRUDE TIE IN TO BV2 OF GNPOC PIPELINE PROJECTCONTRACT NO.: PETRO-ENERGY/10/2008-5320DOCUMENT NO.: PE5320-CPF-CS-0050Procedure for Sand BlastingEPCC CONTRACTOR PMC CLIENTTable of Contents1.0Scope .................................................................................................................... .. (3)2.0Definition ............................................................................................................. . (3)3.0 Referencedstandards (3)4.0 Inspection Equipment and BlastingEquipment (3)5.0 SurfacePreparation (3)6.0 Method of SandBlasting (4)7.0Dedusting ............................................................................................................. .............. 4 8.0 Tank blasting and SafetyPrecaution (4)9.0 Inspection andTesting (5)10.0Safety ................................................................................................................... (5)11.0 Attachment........................................................................................................... .. (5)1.0 ScopeThis construction procedure is applicable for sand blasting used in Block 6 Light Crude Tie in to BV2 of GNPOC Pipeline Project.2.0 Definition2.1 Owner: PETRO-ENERGY2.2 Contractor: ZPEB/ASAWER CONSORTIUM3.0 Referenced standards- ISO8501-1 Preparation of Steel Substrate before Application of Paintand Related Products- Visual Assessment of SurfaceCleanliness--- Part1- NACERP0287 Field Measurements of Surface Profile of AbrasiveBlast Cleaned Steel Surface Using a Replica Tape- PE5320-MPF-QC-0030 Quality Control of Sand Blasting- PE5320-SPE-0000CC02 Specification for Anti-corrosion Materials of Field-weldJoint- PE5320-MPF-HSE-0013 Personnel Protecting Appliances4.0 Inspection Equipment and Blasting Equipment? ◆Hygrometer 湿度计? ◆Non-contact thermometer (Laser) 非接触温度计? ◆Talysurf 粗糙度比测仪? ◆Dry abrasive blasting equipment with air compressor 空压机All the equipment and tools must be in good working order during blasting operations. 5.0 Surface PreparationPrior to preparation, the entire metal surface shall be visually examined for dents, laps and other obvious defects. Defective surface shall be repaired by light grinding. Weldspatter shall be removed by wire brushing or light grinding. Any foreign substance (oil, grease, salt, mud, etc.) shall be removed from the metal surface6.0 Method of Sand BlastingUsing dry blasting techniques only, the metal surface shall be abrasively cleaned to remove all mill scale, and other impurities from the surface. Blast cleaning shall be to Grade Sa2? quality defined as “near white metal blast”. The surface profile表面粗糙度shall be between 25 and 40 microns, tested once daily in accordance with NACE Standard RP0287.Abrasive slag shall be local sand, kept dry, clean and free from contamination. The abrasive medium shall not be recycled more than two times. Blasting and other dust producing operations shall be kept separate from coating application operations. 7.0 DedustingUsing the air compressor for dedusting , and the compressed air supply used for it must be of sufficient pressure and volume to prepare the surface to be free of dust.After completion of dedusting operations, the steel surface must be thoroughly checked. After inspection and acceptance, the coating operation shall immediately follow blasting such that there is no deterioration or flash rusting of the surface. Surfaces that have deteriorated shall be re-blasted. If time lapse between blasting and coating exceeds 4 hours, the surfaces shall be re-blasted.8.0 Tank blasting and Safety Precaution8.1 Blasting of platesBefore blasting, all plate materials shall be properly stacked on supportsat least 100mm （在喷砂前所有的材料必须放在100mm高的支架上）from ground level. And Plates will be lifted by the Gantry Crane with suitable Vertical Lifting Clamps.8.2 Blasting after tank erectingAfter the tank is finished erecting , need install the scaffold and protecting wire net around the tank in order to blasting the tank body.在罐安装完毕后，需要安装脚手架和钢丝带来保护，以便对罐体进行喷砂When employees who are worked on tank blasting shall be require to wear safety belt and other protective equipments. (refer toPE5320-MPF-HSE-0013 Personnel Protecting Appliances.)9.0 Inspection and Testing9.1 GeneralIt shall be the responsibility of contractor to conduct the test and inspection as follows in accordance with project specification. OWNER shall monitor all tests preformed by Contractor.9.2 Environment Check 环境检查Before commencing work on surface preparation and coating, the atmospheric temperature 大气温度and relative humidity 相对湿度shall be measured in order to determine the dew point露点. Relative humidity readings shall be recorded every 2 hours during the blasting operation in the immediate vicinity of the operation.在喷砂过程中附近环境的相对湿度必须每2小时记录一次9.3 Visual Check for Surface Preparation 外观检查Pre-blast cleaning, inspection of the original surface condition should be carried out for laminations, lap, burrs and protrusions, 喷砂工作开始前表面杂物必须清理干净the presence of surface deposits and for the general overall condition to be assessed. All the prepared metal surfaces shall be visual checked for compliance with the specified surface cleanliness requirements.On dry blast cleaned surfaces, Talysurf shall be used for measuring surface profile.干燥喷砂表面，粗糙度仪用来测量表面粗糙度10.0 SafetySafety in grit blasting operations is paramount. Both operators and supervisors must be fully conversant with all safety requirements associated with grit blasting as per project safety manual.All spraying equipment shall be grounded, all high Voltage lines checked daily, operators shall wear all approved safety equipment at all times when spraying operations are in progress, and warning signs erected when blasting work is in progress. 11.0 Attachment11.1 Forms: Blasting recordsBlasting RecordReport No.:。

major uses for metallographic examination are in failure analysis,and in research and development.4.3Proper choice of specimen location and orientation will minimize the number of specimens required and simplify their interpretation.It is easy to take too few specimens for study, but it is seldom that too many are studied.5.Selection of Metallographic Specimens5.1The selection of test specimens for metallographic examination is extremely important because,if their interpre-tation is to be of value,the specimens must be representative of the material that is being studied.The intent or purpose of the metallographic examination will usually dictate the location of the specimens to be studied.With respect to purpose of study, metallographic examination may be divided into three classi-fications:5.1.1General Studies or Routine Work—Specimens should be chosen from locations most likely to reveal the maximum variations within the material under study.For example, specimens could be taken from a casting in the zones wherein maximum segregation might be expected to occur as well as specimens from sections where segregation could be at a minimum.In the examination of strip or wire,test specimens could be taken from each end of the coils.5.1.2Study of Failures—Test specimens should be taken as closely as possible to the fracture or to the initiation of the failure.Before taking the metallographic specimens,study of the fracture surface should be complete,or,at the very least, the fracture surface should be documented.In many cases, specimens should be taken from a sound area for a comparison of structures and properties.5.1.3Research Studies—The nature of the study will dictate specimen location,orientation,etc.Sampling will usually be more extensive than in routine examinations.5.2Having established the location of the metallographic samples to be studied,the type of section to be examined must be decided.5.2.1For a casting,a section cut perpendicular to the surface will show the variations in structure from the outside to the interior of the casting.5.2.2In hot-worked or cold-worked metals,both transverse and longitudinal sections should be studied.Special investiga-tions may require specimens with surfaces prepared parallel to the original surface of the product.5.2.3In the case of wire and small rounds,a longitudinal section through the center of the specimen proves advanta-geous when studied in conjunction with the transverse section.5.3Transverse sections or cross sections taken perpendicu-lar to the main axis of the material are often used for revealing the following information:5.3.1Variations in structure from center to surface,5.3.2Distribution of nonmetallic impurities across the sec-tion,5.3.3Decarburization at the surface of a ferrous material (see Test Method E1077),5.3.4Depth of surface imperfections,5.3.5Depth of corrosion,5.3.6Thickness of protective coatings,and5.3.7Structure of protective coating.5.4Longitudinal sections taken parallel to the main axis of the material are often used for revealing the following infor-mation:5.4.1Inclusion content of steel(see Practices E45,E768, E1122,and E1245),5.4.2Degree of plastic deformation,as shown by grain distortion,5.4.3Presence or absence of banding in the structure(see Practice E1268),and5.4.4The microstructure attained with any heat treatment.5.5The locations of surfaces examined should always be given in reporting results and in any illustrative micrographs.A suitable method of indicating surface locations is shown in Fig. 1.6.Size of Metallographic Specimens6.1For convenience,specimens to be polished for metallo-graphic examination are generally not more than about12to25 mm(0.5to1.0in.)square,or approximately12to25mm in diameter if the material is cylindrical.The height of the specimen should be no greater than necessary for convenient handling during polishing.6.1.1Larger specimens are generally more difficult to pre-pare.6.1.2Specimens that are,fragile,oddly shaped or too small to be handled readily during polishing should be mounted to ensure a surface satisfactory for microscopical study.There are,based on technique used,three fundamental methods of mounting specimens(see Section9).Symbol inDiagramSuggested DesignationA Rolled surfaceB Direction of rollingC Rolled edgeD Planar sectionE Longitudinal section perpendicular to rolled surfaceF Transverse sectionG Radial longitudinal sectionH Tangential longitudinal sectionFIG.1Method of Designating Location of Area Shown inPhotomicrograph.7.Cutting of Metallographic Specimens7.1In cutting the metallographic specimen from the main body of the material,care must be exercised to minimize altering the structure of the metal.Three common types of sectioning are as follows:7.1.1Sawing,whether by hand or machine with lubrication, is easy,fast,and relatively cool.It can be used on all materials with hardnesses below approximately350HV.It does produce a rough surface containing extensive plasticflow that must be removed in subsequent preparation.7.1.2An abrasive cut-off blade will produce a smooth surface often ready forfine grinding.This method of sectioning is normally faster than sawing.The choice of cut-off blade, lubricant,cooling conditions,and the grade and hardness of metal being cut will influence the quality of the cut.A poor choice of cutting conditions can easily damage the specimen, producing an alteration of the microstructure.Generally,soft materials are cut with a hard bond blade and hard materials with a soft bond blade.Aluminum oxide abrasive blades are preferred for ferrous metals and silicon carbide blades are preferred for nonferrous alloys.Abrasive cut-off blades are essential for sectioning metals with hardness above about350 HV.Extremely hard metallic materials and ceramics may be more effectively cut using diamond-impregnated cutting blades.Manufacturer’s instructions should be followed as to the choice of blade.Table1lists the suggested cutoff blades for materials with various Vickers(HV)hardness values.7.1.3A shear is a type of cutting tool with which a material in the form of wire,sheet,plate or rod is cut between two opposing blades.7.2Other methods of sectioning are permitted provided they do not alter the microstructure at the plane of polishing.All cutting operations produce some depth of damage,which will have to be removed in subsequent preparation steps.8.Cleanliness8.1Cleanliness(see Appendix X1)during specimen prepa-ration is essential.All greases,oils,coolants and residue from cutoff blades on the specimen should be removed by some suitable organic solvent.Failure to clean thoroughly can prevent cold mounting resins from adhering to the specimen surface.Ultrasonic cleaning may be effective in removing the last traces of residues on a specimen surface.8.2Any coating metal that will interfere with the subse-quent etching of the base metal should be removed before polishing,if possible.If etching is required,when studying the underlying steel in a galvanized specimen,the zinc coating should be removed before mounting to prevent galvanic effects during etching.The coating can be removed by dissolving in cold nitric acid(HNO3,sp gr1.42),in dilute sulfuric acid (H2SO4)or in dilute hydrochloric acid(HCl).The HNO3 method requires care to prevent overheating,since large samples will generate considerable heat.By placing the clean-ing container in cold water during the stripping of the zinc, attack on the underlying steel will be minimized.More information may be found in Test Method A90/A90M.N OTE2—Picral etchant produces little or no galvanic etching effects when used on galvanized steel.N OTE3—The addition of an inhibitor during the stripping of Zn from galvanized coatings will minimize the attack of the steel substrate.NEP (polethylinepolyamine)or SbCl3are two useful inhibitors.8.3Oxidized or corroded surfaces may be cleaned as described in Appendix X1.9.Mounting of Specimens9.1There are many instances where it will be advantageous to mount the specimen prior to grinding and polishing.Mount-ing of the specimen is usually performed on small,fragile,or oddly shaped specimens,fractures,or in instances where the specimen edges are to be examined.9.2Specimens may be either mechanically mounted, mounted in plastic,or a combination of the two.9.3Mechanical Mounting:9.3.1Strip and sheet specimens may be mounted by binding or clamping several specimens into a pack held together by two end pieces and two bolts.9.3.2The specimens should be tightly bound together to prevent absorption and subsequent exudation of polishing materials or etchants.9.3.3The use offiller sheets of a softer material alternated with the specimen may be used in order to minimize the seepage of polishing materials and e offiller material is especially advantageous if the specimens have a high degree of surface irregularities.9.3.4Filler material must be chosen so as not to react electrolytically with the specimen during etching.Thin pieces of plastic,lead,or copper are typical materials that are used. Copper is especially good for steel specimens since the usual etchants for steels will not attack the copper.9.3.5Alternatively,the specimens may be coated with a layer of epoxy resin before being placed in the clamp in order to minimize the absorption of polishing materials or etchants.9.3.6The clamp material should be similar in composition to the specimen to avoid galvanic effects that would inhibit etching.The specimen will not etch if the clamp material is more readily attacked by the etchant.9.3.7The clamp should preferably be of similar hardness as the specimens to minimize the rounding of the edges of the specimens during grinding and polishing.9.3.8Exercise care in clamping the specimen.Excessive clamping pressure may damage soft specimen.9.4Plastic Mounting:9.4.1Specimens may be embedded in plastic to protect them from damage and to provide a uniform format for bothTABLE1Cutoff Blade SelectionHardness HV Materials Abrasive Bond Bond Hardness up to300non-ferrous(Al,Cu)SiC P or R hardup to400non-ferrous(Ti)SiC P or R med.hardup to400soft ferrous Al2O3P or R hardup to500medium soft ferrous Al2O3P or R med.hardup to600medium hard ferrous Al2O3P or R mediumup to700hard ferrous Al2O3P or R&R med.softup to800very hard ferrous Al2O3P or R&R soft>800extremely hard ferrous CBN P or M hardmore brittle ceramics diamond P or M very hardtougher ceramics diamond M ext.hard P—phenolicR—rubberR&R—resin and rubberM—metalmanual and automatic preparation.This is the most commonmethod for mounting metallographic specimens.Mountingplastics may be divided into two classes—compression andcastable.9.4.2The choice of a mounting compound will influence theextent of edge rounding observed during the grinding andpolishing operations.There are several methods available thatminimize rounding.The specimen may be surrounded by hardshot,small rivets,rings,etc.,of approximately the samehardness or,when using a castable resin,a slurry of resin andalumina may be poured around the specimen.The specimenmay also be plated before mounting (see Section 10).Manymounting procedures result in sharp edges on the mountcorners.The corners should be beveled to remove any plasticmounting flash.9.4.3Compression Mounting —There are four types of com-pression mounting plastics used predominantly in the metallo-graphic laboratory (see Table 2).These plastics require the useof a mounting press providing heat (140-180°C)and force(27-30MPa).Thermosetting plastics can be ejected hot but thebest results are obtained when the cured mount is cooled underpressure.Thermoplastic compounds do not harden until cooledand therefore should not be ejected while hot.Regardless of theresin used,the best results are obtained when (1)the specimenis clean and dry,and (2)the cured mount is cooled under fullpressure to below 40°C before ejection from the press.Thiswill ensure minimal shrinkage gap formation.9.4.4Castable Plastics —Castable mounts are usually pre-pared at room temperature.Some may require an external heatsource or applied pressure in order to cure.These resins consistof two or more components which must be mixed just prior touse.There are four kinds of castable plastics in common use(see Table 3).9.4.5The molds for castable plastics are often simple cupsthat hold the resin until it cures.They may be reusable or not;the choice is a matter of convenience and cost.Handlingcastable resins requires care.They all can cause dermatitis.Manufacturers’recommendations for mixing and curing mustbe followed to obtain best results.9.5Mounting Porous Specimen :9.5.1Porous or intricate specimens may be vacuum impreg-nated in order to fill voids,prevent contamination and seepage,and prevent loss of friable or loose components.Impregnationis accomplished by placing the specimen in a mold in a vacuumchamber and then introducing the resin into the mold after thechamber has been evacuated.The introduction of the resin intothe mold can be accomplished either by having a funnel orstopcock fitted to the vacuum chamber or by having a basin ofthe resin present inside the chamber.A low-viscosity resin willproduce the best results.The pressure in the chamber mustremain above the critical vapor pressure of the hardener to avoid boiling away the hardener.After the pressure has equilibrated,the resin is introduced into the mold and the vacuum is released and air admired to the chamber.Atmo-spheric pressure will force the resin into fine pores,cracks,and holes.9.5.2If a low-viscosity resin is used,the funnel and stop-cock may be eliminated.The specimen and resin are placed in the mold prior to evacuation.The air in the specimen will bubble out through the resin.Exercise care to ensure the hardening agent is not evaporated during evacuation.Dipping the specimen in the resin prior to placing it in the mold may help in filling voids.9.5.3Vacuum impregnation is an effective method for ensuring optimal results for porous metallographic mounts.It is imperative that the specimens be completely dry prior to impregnation.9.5.4A more rapid technique but less effective method is to lacquer the specimens with one of the formulations used by the canning industry to line food containers.The formulations are highly penetrating and the cure is a short time at low temperatures.After lacquering,the specimens are mounted in the usual fashion.10.Plating of Specimens 10.1Specimens such as fractures or those where it is necessary to examine the edges,are often plated to obtain good edge retention.Plating can be done electrolytically or with electroless solutions.These specimens are invariably mounted prior to the grinding and polishing procedures.Electroless plating solutions can be purchased commercially.10.2Thoroughly clean the specimen surface prior to plating to ensure good adhesion of the plating.Avoid industrial cleaning treatments that are too harsh and may cause damage to the specimen der cleaning treatments that involve detergents,solvents,mild alkaline,or acidic solutions are recommended.10.3Chromium,copper,iron,nickel,gold,silver,and zinc may be electrolytically deposited although copper and nickel are predominantly used in metallographic laboratories.10.3.1Ferrous metals are commonly plated electrolytically with nickel or copper.A flash coat in a copper or electroless nickel bath can be first applied for specimens that are difficult to electroplate.10.3.2Nonferrous metals may be plated with silver and the precious metals may be plated with nickel,gold,or silver.10.4The plating material should not react galvanically with the base metal of the specimen during plating,polishing,or etching.10.5Electroless plating is preferred to electrolytic platingTABLE 2Characteristics of Hot-Compression Mounting CompoundsType of CompoundCharacteristics Acrylicthermoplastic,cure time 10-15min,optically clear,moderate shrinkage,low abrasion resistance,degraded by hot etchants Diallyl phthalate Athermosetting,cure time 5-10min,opaque,minimal shrinkage,good resistance to etchants,moderate abrasion resistance Epoxy Athermosetting,cure time 5-10min,opaque,very low shrinkage,good resistance to etchants,high abrasion resistance Phenolic A (Bakelite)thermosetting,cure time 5-10min,opaque,moderate shrinkage,degraded by hot etchants,moderate abrasion resistance A These compounds may be filled with wood flour,glass fiber or mineralparticulate.for specimens with rough,porous,or irregular surfaces,be-cause the electroless solution provides better surface coverageand penetration.10.6Active metals such as zinc and aluminum are difficultto plate.Sometimes a flash cyanide copper plate can bedeposited,which then can be followed by normal plating froma sulfate bath.Evaporated coatings of copper,gold,or chro-mium may also be used as starter coatings.10.7It is recommended that the plating thickness be at least5µm.11.Grinding and PolishingGeneral Information11.1Many metals and alloys can be prepared using a similarsequence of grinding and polishing.Hard alloys may requiregreater pressure than soft alloys.The major differences will bein the final polishing.Some metals and alloys will requirespecific combinations of abrasive and support material,but asurprising number can be handled by the same procedure.Supplies and instructions for grinding,lapping,and polishingare readily obtainable from laboratory supply houses.11.2Grinding —Grinding can be done in a number of ways,ranging from rubbing the specimen on a stationary piece ofabrasive paper to the use of automatic devices.The choice ofmethod depends on the number and type of specimens to bedone,financial considerations and requirements such as flat-ness and uniformity.11.2.1Abrasive grit size designations in this practice areexpressed in the ANSI (American National Standards Institute)or CAMI (Coated Abrasives Manufacturers Institute)systemunits with the corresponding FEPA (European Federation ofAbrasive Producers)numbers in parentheses.Table 4providesa correlation between these two systems and the approximatemedian particle diameter for a given size in micrometres.11.2.2Grinding should start with the finest paper,platen orstone capable of flattening the specimen and removing theeffects of prior operations,such as sectioning.The subsequentsteps should remove the effects of previous ones in a shorttime.Grinding consists of two stages-planar (rough)and fine.11.2.3Planar or rough grinding [240grit (P220)andcoarser]may be performed on belts,rotating wheels or stones.In some methods,diamond abrasives are used on rigid platens.Planar grinding may be used to accomplish the following:11.2.3.1Flatten an irregular or damaged cut surface,11.2.3.2Remove sectioning damage,scale and other surfaceconditions prior to mounting,11.2.3.3Remove substantial amounts of specimen materialto reach a desired plane for polishing,11.2.3.4Level the mount surface.11.2.4In fine grinding,damage to the specimen incurred from the planar or rough grinding step must be removed.The specimen is either ground on successively finer abrasive papers (using water to wash away grinding debris and to act as a coolant)or on a rigid disc or cloth charged with a suitable abrasive.11.2.5After all grinding is done,the specimen must be cleaned thoroughly.Ultrasonic cleaning in a water/soap solu-tion containing a corrosion inhibitor may prove beneficial.11.3Polishing —Polishing is usually distinguished from grinding by the use of loose abrasive (#6µm)embedded in an appropriately lubricated supporting surface.The choice of abrasive,lubricant,and polishing surface support is often specific to the metal and the object of the investigation.Polishing can be divided into rough and fine (final)stages.11.3.1Rough polishing is often sufficient for routine evalu-ations like microindentation hardness and grain size.11.3.2When fine polishing is required,it may be performed with diamond or an oxide slurry step or both.The choice of final polishing abrasive type and size is dictated by the hardness of the specimen.For instance,a lµm diamond final polish is often sufficient for many grades of steel,however,softer steels and non-ferrous materials often require an addi-tional polishing step with an oxide slurry or suspension of SiO 2or Al 2O 3.Final polishing cloths are generally softer and higher in nap than rough polishing cloths.Therefore,polishing time and force must be kept to a minimum to avoid artifacts such asTABLE 3Characteristics of Castable Mounting CompoundsType of CompoundCharacteristics AcrylicCure time 8-15min,moderate shrinkage,peak curing temperature can reach 90-120°C during polymerization,low abrasion resistance,opaque to transparent Polyester-acrylic (quartz-filled)Cure time 8-15min,very low shrinkage,peak curing temperature can reach 90-120°C during polymerization,high abrasion resistance,opaque PolyesterCure time 30-60min,high shrinkage,peak curing temperature can reach 90-120C during polymerization,moderate abrasion resistance,transparent Epoxy Cure time 1⁄2-20h,very low shrinkage,good adhesion,low heat generation during polymerization,moderate abrasionresistance,low viscosity (good for vacuum impregnation),transparentTABLE 4European/USA Grit Grade Comparison Guide FEPA ANSI/CAMI Grit Number Size (µm)Grit Number Size (µm)P120125.0120116.0P150100.018078.0P22068.022066.0P24058.5......P28052.224051.8P32046.2......P36040.528042.3P40035.032034.3P50030.2......P60025.836027.3P80021.840022.1P100018.350018.2P120015.360014.5P150012.680011.5P200010.310009.5P25008.415008.0P4000A 5.0......A Not found in the FEPA grading system.ANSI—American National Standards Institute CAMI—Coated Abrasives Manufacturers Institute FEPA—European Federation of AbrasiveProducersedge rounding and relief.11.3.3Careful cleaning of the specimen between stages ismandatory to prevent contamination by coarser abrasive.Ultrasonic cleaning may be effective.11.3.4The polishing operations may be conducted bymanual or by automated methods (preferred).Manual (Hand-held)Methods11.4When grinding manually,the specimen should bemoved back and forth across the paper to allow for even wear.Between grinding steps,the specimen should be rotated 45-90°.At the end of grinding on each paper,the surface of thespecimen and its mount,if any,should be flat with one set ofunidirectional grinding scratches.11.5Manual polishing methods consist of holding thespecimen by hand against an abrasive-charged rotating wheeland moving the specimen in a circular path around the wheelagainst the direction of rotation of the wheel.The specimenshould be held firmly in contact with the wheel.11.6The amount of force applied along with the rate ofmovement of the specimen during grinding and polishing is amatter of personal preference and experience.In the prepara-tion of difficult materials such as thermally sprayed coatings orcomposites,the operating parameters must be strictly con-trolled.11.7A traditional manual preparation sequence consists of aseries of grinding and polishing steps and may be similar tothose listed in Table 5.Automated Methods11.8Many styles of automated specimen preparation ma-chinery are available.Most units can perform grinding andpolishing steps.Many use holders capable of accommodatingmultiple specimens.Major advantages of automated grindingand polishing procedures are the consistent quality of specimenpreparation and the substantial decrease in time.Therefore,automated techniques are recommended over manual tech-niques.11.9Most of the devices for automated grinding and pol-ishing move the specimen around a rotating wheel covered with abrasive so that the specimen follows an epicycloid path.In some devices,the specimen rotates on its own axis as well.The resulting scratch pattern now consists of randomly ori-ented arcs.Deciding when the previous scratches have been removed is more difficult than with directional (manual)grinding.The specimen surface should show uniform scratches before proceeding to the next step.Cleaning between stages is required to prevent carryover of abrasives and contamination of subsequent preparation surfaces.11.10Table 5illustrates a traditional automated preparation method.This method uses conventional SiC papers for grind-ing and is suitable for all but the hardest of materials.Tables 6and 7are preparation methods that utilize rigid grinding discs or cloths for fine grinding.The method in Table 6has been shown to be effective for the preparation of materials harder than HRC45.The method in Table 7may be used for the preparation of materials softer than HRC45.These procedures may produce excellent results outside of the recommended hardness ranges.12.Special Procedures 12.1Occasionally,the metallographer is faced with the preparation of unfamiliar specimens or with special situations.Anticipation of every possible situation is,of course,impos-sible but some guidance can be offered.12.1.1When used properly,electrolytic polishing can pro-duce near deformation-free surfaces but works best on solid solution alloys.Once the operating parameters are set,speci-mens can be prepared quickly.See Guide E 1558.12.1.2Vibratory polishing produces excellent results on many materials.Although slow,a number of specimens can be prepared simultaneously.It is especially advantageous for soft materials.12.2Porous Specimens —Specimens with continuous or open pores can be vacuum-impregnated (see 9.5)with epoxy.Specimens with closed pores are mounted by a suitable method,ground through the fine grinding stage,cleaned,and dried thoroughly.The surface is then wiped with epoxy mounting compound,usually the same material used to mount the specimen,to seal the pores.After hardening,the lastTABLE 5Preparation Method 1(General Use)SurfaceLubricant Abrasive Type/Size ANSI (FEPA)Time sec.Force A N(lbf)Platen RPM B Rotation Planar Grindingpaper/stonewater 120–320(P120–400)grit SiC/Al 2O 315–4520–30(5–8)200–300C CO D Fine Grindingpaperwater 240(P220)grit SiC 15–4520–30(5–8)200–300CO paperwater 320(P500)grit SiC 15–4520–30(5–8)200–300CO paperwater 600(P1200)grit SiC 15–4520–30(5–8)200–300CO Rough Polishinglow/no nap clothcompatible lubricant 6µm diamond 120–30020–30(5–8)100–150CO Final Polishingmed./high nap clothcompatible lubricant 1µm diamond 60–12010–20(3–5)100–150CO synthetic suede Ewater 0.04µm colloidal silica or 0.05µm alumina 30–6010–20(3–5)100–150CONTRA F A Force per 30mm (11⁄4in.)diameter mount.BPower heads generally rotate between 25and 150rpm.C High-speed stone grinders generally rotate at greater than 1000rpm.D Complimentary rotation,surface and specimen rotate in same direction.E Optional step.F Contra rotation,surface and specimen rotate in oppositedirections.fine-grinding stage is repeated to remove the excess material,and specimen preparation is continued as usual.The choice ofepoxy for impregnation depends on the nature of the specimen.It should be inert toward the specimen.12.3Composite Materials —Composite materials,particu-larly hard fibers in a soft matrix or wires in a soft insulation,can be particularly difficult to prepare.The best approach is tofirst seal or impregnate pores or holes.Then grind carefully,using copious lubrication.The grinding surface must be keptflat and firm.In the polishing stages,the substrate should haveno nap and should be fairly hard.Diamond abrasive isrecommended.Both will minimize rounding of the hardcomponents.Sometimes,a compromise will have to be madebetween accepting a few artifacts such as scratches or roundededges.12.4Coated Materials :12.4.1Coated metals,such as galvanized steel,electro-plated metal,enamel ware,and so forth,can be considered avariety of composite materials.They present problems of theirown,such as flaking,chipping,and rounding.For example,some coatings are so thin as to be unresolvable on simple crosssections (tinplate).Other problems are the presence of a softcoating on a harder substrate (galvanized steel)or a hard brittlecoating on a soft substrate (porcelain enamel on aluminum).12.4.1.1The problem of thin coatings can be handled by using a taper mount.In this method,the specimen is mounted so that the plane of polish is at a small angle to the plane of the surface.For example,a tapered plug is inserted in the mounting press with the taper up.A blank tapered mount is prepared.Masking tape is wrapped around the circumference of the mount to make a well on the tapered end.A small amount of epoxy mounting compound is mixed.The specimen,cut to fit inside the well,is wetted with the epoxy and laid on the face of the tapered mount,coated side ing a probe,the specimen is pressed down firmly onto the tapered face.The balance of the epoxy compound is added and allowed to harden.The mounted specimen is ground and polished on the epoxy face in the conventional manner exercising care that the plane of polish is perpendicular to the cylindrical axis of the mount.This is easily done with most automatic grinding machines.12.4.1.2The problem of soft coatings can be solved by the use of a suitable backup.A piece of spring steel is useful to hold the backup in place,or the backup may be cemented to the specimen.The cement can act as an insulation to minimize galvanic effects.Caution:some cements will dissolve in epoxy mounting compounds.A particularly suitable backup is another piece of the same material,with the coating sandwiched in.Another solution is to add another coating,for example,TABLE 6Preparation Method 2for Harder Materials $HRC 45(450HV)SurfaceLubricant Abrasive Type/Size ANSI (FEPA)Time sec.Force A N(lbf)Platen RPM B Rotation Planar Grindingpaper/stonewater 120–320(P120–400)grit SiC/Al 2O 315–4520–30(5–8)200–300C CO D Fine Grindingrigid disccompatible lubricant 6–15µm diamond 180–30020–30(5–8)100–150CO Rough Polishinglow/no nap clothcompatible lubricant 3–6µm diamond 120–30020–30(5–8)100–150CO Final Polishingmed./high nap clothcompatible lubricant 1µm diamond 60–12010–20(3–5)100–150CO synthetic suede Ewater 0.04µm colloidal silica or 0.05µm alumina 30–6010–20(3–5)100–150CONTRA F A Force per 30mm (11⁄4in.)diameter mount.BPower heads generally rotate between 25and 150rpm.C High-speed stone grinders generally rotate at greater than 1000rpm.D Complimentary rotation,surface and specimen rotate in same direction.E Optional step.F Contra rotation,surface and specimen rotate in opposite directions.TABLE 7Preparation Method 3for Softer Materials #HRC 45(450HV)SurfaceLubricant Abrasive Type/Size ANSI (FEPA)Time sec.Force A N(lbf)Platen RPM B Rotation Planar Grindingpaper/stonewater 120–320(P120–400)grit SiC/Al 2O 315–4520–30(5–8)200–300C CO D Fine Grindingheavy nylon clothcompatible lubricant 6–15µm diamond 180–30020–30(5–8)100–150CO Rough Polishinglow/no nap clothcompatible lubricant 3–6µm diamond 120–30020–30(5–8)100–150CO Final Polishingmed./high nap clothcompatible lubricant 1µm diamond 60–12010–20(3–5)100–150CO synthetic suede Ewater 0.04µm colloidal silica or 0.05µm alumina 30–6010–20(3–5)100–150CONTRA F A Force per 30mm (11⁄4in.)diameter mount.BPower heads generally rotate between 25and 150rpm.C High-speed stone grinders generally rotate at greater than 1000rpm.D Complimentary rotation,surface and specimen rotate in same direction.E Optional step.F Contra rotation,surface and specimen rotate in oppositedirections.。

动火作业操作流程和标准英文回答：The process and standards for hot work operations are crucial for ensuring safety in the workplace. Hot work refers to any activity that involves open flames, sparks, or heat-producing tools or equipment. This can include welding, cutting, grinding, soldering, and other similar tasks. To carry out hot work operations safely, a specific procedure should be followed.Firstly, it is important to conduct a thorough risk assessment before starting any hot work. This involves identifying potential hazards and taking appropriate measures to mitigate them. For example, if there are flammable materials nearby, they should be removed or protected to prevent ignition. Additionally, fire extinguishers and other firefighting equipment should be readily available in case of an emergency.Next, it is essential to establish a controlled work area. This includes ensuring that the work area is properly ventilated to prevent the accumulation of flammable gases or vapors. The area should also be cordoned off and clearly marked to prevent unauthorized access. This helps to minimize the risk of accidents and ensures that onlytrained and authorized personnel are present during the hot work operation.Furthermore, all personnel involved in the hot work operation should be adequately trained and equipped with the necessary personal protective equipment (PPE). This may include flame-resistant clothing, gloves, safety glasses, and helmets. Proper PPE ensures that workers are protected from sparks, heat, and other potential hazards.During the hot work operation, constant vigilance is required. This means regularly monitoring the work area for any signs of fire or potential hazards. It is important to have a fire watch personnel stationed nearby to immediately respond to any fire outbreaks. The fire watch personnel should be trained in fire prevention and firefightingtechniques.After the hot work is completed, it is crucial to conduct a post-work inspection. This involves checking the work area for any smoldering materials or potential fire sources. All equipment and tools should be properly cleaned and stored. Additionally, the work area should be inspected for any damage or potential fire hazards caused by the hot work operation.In summary, the process and standards for hot work operations involve conducting a risk assessment, establishing a controlled work area, providing adequate training and PPE to personnel, maintaining constant vigilance during the operation, and conducting a post-work inspection. These measures are essential for ensuring the safety of workers and preventing fire accidents in the workplace.中文回答：动火作业操作流程和标准对于确保工作场所的安全至关重要。

操作规程的英文简称是什么《Operation Procedure (OP)》In any organization, the smooth operation and management of various tasks and processes are crucial for efficient and effective performance. To ensure that all activities are carried out in a standardized and systematic manner, many companies and institutions have established Operation Procedures (OPs) as a set of guidelines governing various tasks.An OP is a document that outlines the step-by-step instructions for performing a specific task or adhering to a specific process. It provides a framework for employees to follow, ensuring that tasks are completed in a consistent and reliable manner. OPs are often created based on best practices and industry standards, and they may be updated regularly to reflect changes in technology, regulations, or organizational needs.The content of an OP typically includes the purpose of the task or process, the necessary equipment and resources, the sequence of steps to be followed, and any safety or quality control considerations. It may also include troubleshooting tips, best practices, and references to related documents or resources.By following OPs, employees can ensure that they are meeting the requirements of their role, adhering to safety and quality standards, and contributing to the overall success of the organization. OPs also provide a valuable training resource for new employees, as they can be used to learn how to perform tasks correctly and efficiently.In summary, Operation Procedures (OPs) are an important tool for organizations to standardize and optimize their operations. By providing clear and detailed instructions for tasks and processes, OPs help ensure that work is carried out in a consistent and reliable manner, ultimately contributing to the success of the organization.。

2en Overview Note:Fitting jar:Place the jar on the top socket of the main unit, ensuring that the locks fit properly in the jar locking grooves of the top socket.Jar Lid: Ensure that the lid gasket is properly fitted. Place the lid on top of thejar, gently press down and lock the lid onto the jar using the lid lock clamps. Hold the lid gently while operating.Speed control: Turn the speed selector knob clockwise for speed 1, 2 or 3, asdesired.Pulse: Turn the speed selector knob anti-clockwise for a few seconds andrelease for momentary operation. Pulse is especially useful for applications such as grinding chutneys, crushing ice, etc.Overview3en Overview 4en Safety and important instructionsSafety and important instructionsRead and follow the instruction manual carefully and keep for later reference! Enclose these instructions when you give this appliance to someone else. If the instructions for correct use of the appliance are not observed, the manufacturer’s liability for any resulting damage will be excluded.1. This mixer grinder is strictly for household use and not applicable for non-domestic and/or commercial use.2. Please only use official Bosch parts and accessories with the Mixer Grinder. Never usethese parts and accessories with any other appliances.3. Check if the voltage indicated on the base of the mixer grinder corresponds to the localelectrical mains voltage before you connect the appliance.4. This appliance can be used by persons with reduced physical, sensory or mentalcapabilities or lack of experience and/or knowledge if they have been given supervision or instruction concerning use of the appliance in a safe manner and if they understand the hazards involved.5. Keep children away from the appliance and connecting cable and do not allow themto use the appliance. Do not let children play with the appliance. Cleaning and user maintenance must not be performed by children.6. Do not use the mixer grinder if the power cord and/or appliance are damaged. Only ourcustomer service may repair the appliance, e.g. by replacing a damaged power cord, in order to avoid hazards.7. Do not use the mixer grinder on a wet surface.8. Keep the mixer grinder away from hot gas burners, electric hot plates or similar appliances.9. The power cord must not come into contact with hot parts or be pulled across sharp edges.10. Always ensure that speed selector knob is in the OFF position and the applianceunplugged before you remove or attach jars or accessories.11. Blades should be fitted properly before running the mixer grinder.12. Do not operate the mixer grinder without locking the dome or lid in place or with an empty jar.13. Always unplug the mixer grinder before reaching into the jar with your fingers or anyother object (such as a spatula).14. Do not open the lid or dome when the mixer grinder is running.15. Do not add solid ingredients when the mixer grinder is running.16. Do not grind hot ingredients or sugar in the mixer grinder.17. Do not overload the mixer grinder.18. Do not leave the main unit unattended while in operation.19. Always unplug the mixer grinder after use, or whenever the appliance is unsupervisedor in the event of an error.20. In dry grinding, the jar may become hot due to friction. This is quite normal and hasnothing to do with the motor. The jar will cool down with time. If the motor is getting too hot and you can feel hot air coming out of the side vent or bottom, switch off the mixer grinder and restart after 10 minutes.21. Do not run the mixer grinder for more than 5 minutes continuously. Wait for 2 minutes ifyou need to use it for longer.22. Switch off the appliance if the motor stalls or smoke emanates from the appliance. Ifthis continues, call the Bosch service center.23. Never immerse the main unit in water or any other liquid. Do not rinse or wash in adishwasher.24. Handle the blades carefully, wash them under running water and do not rub with yourhands.5 en Safety and important instructions Congratulations on the purchase of your new Bosch TrueMixx Style/Pro Mixer Grinder. In doing so, you have opted for a modern, high-qualitydomestic appliance. You can find further information about our products on our web page.Know your mixer grinderMinimum capacity for all the above jars is at least up to blade level.ContentsOverview.....................................................2Safety and important instructions ...............4Know your mixer grinder.............................5Jar capacity ................................................5Using the product .......................................6Safety systems ...........................................7Operating your mixer grinder ......................7Cleaning ....................................................8Troubleshooting ..........................................8Blade changing procedure .........................9Blade selection .........................................10Dry grinding applications withPoundingBlade (11)25. It is normal for the mixer grinder to become a little discoloured, especially when usedwith ingredients like turmeric. To avoid this, make sure that the ingredients do not come into contact with the mixer grinder body.26. Do not drop the main unit or jars.27. Do not use the jars as storage containers.6 en Using the product3. H ow to fit/remove active flow breakerYour Bosch TrueMixx Style/Pro Mixer Grinder has an active flow breaker which improves the quality of your wet grinding applications. To fit the active flow breaker, insert the active flow Using the product1. How to fit/remove blades(big jar, medium jar, blender jar)Hold the coupler on the underside of the jar and with the spatula, tighten by rotating in an anti-clockwise direction to fit and clockwise to remove until the the blade, please refer to X “Blade changing procedure” see page 9. 2. How to fit jar to main unitCarefully insert the jar on top of themain unit. Ensure that the lock of the jar fits into the slot of the main unit. Rotate the jar clockwise until it locks and use en Operating your mixer grinderIf this happens, switch off your mixergrinder and remove the excess ingredients. Add sufficient water if dealing with thick paste and wait for 2-3 minutes. Press the red reset button and start the mixer grinder again.■You may observe some minor oilspillage in the Jars and Jar sockets during first two to three operations. This is normal. Thoroughly clean the minor oil spillages with water and wipe dry with soft cloth.Preparation of ingredientsImportant!■Cool down any hot ingredients beforeputting in the jar.■Cut large ingredients into small piecesapprox. 2 cm in size before mixing/grinding.Regular use and operation■For blending/liquidising/puréeing use‘Pulse’ on the speed selector knob. This will activate Pulse until you release the button. Use position 1-3 for continuous operation.1 = Lowest operating speed 3 = Highest operating speedHold down the jar lid gently while your mixer grinder is in operation.■After switching off the mixer grinder, waituntil the blade stops rotating completely and only then remove the lid or insert ■disconnected.■Avoid using your hand to fill or cleanjars. It is safer and more hygienic to use the spatula.■Avoid storing food in the jar.8To keep your Bosch mixer grinder sparkling clean, just follow these steps.1. First remove the mains plug from theelectrical socket.2. Clean the main unit using a damp/wetcloth. Do not use abrasive cleaning agents.3. Hold the jar under running water for aminute after each use to remove the residue.4. Please remove active flow breaker whilecleaning the jar. For instructions how to remove it, please refer to X “How to fit/remove active flow breaker” see page 6.5. Remove the jars after each use andwash in soapy water. Then rinse with clean water.6. Dry the parts thoroughly with a cleansoft cloth.7. Always keep/store the jars upside down.8. We recommend you clean your Boschmixer grinder immediately after use for easier removal of residue.9. Do not immerse the main unit in wateror any other liquid or pour liquid over it.10. Regularly clean the jars and gasketsafter each use for proper hygiene and performance of the Mixer Grinder. 11. After every use of the Mixer Grinder,pour small amounts of hot water into the jars to remove the leftover or sticky substances.Troubleshooting1011Puliyodharai masalaIngredients–Sesame seeds – 4 tsp (16 g)–Bengal gram (chana dal) – 4 tbsp (72 g) –Urad dal – 2 tbsp (36 g) –Dried red chillies – 8-10 –Black pepper – 2 tsp (9 g)–Coriander seeds – 4 tsp (10 g) –Fenugreek seeds – ¹⁄3 tsp (3 g)■Dry-roast the sesame seeds, chana daland urad dal in a pre-heated pan on a low/medium heat until there is enough aroma from the ingredients. Then add black pepper, dried red chillies, coriander seeds and fenugreek, one by one, in this order and roast the entire mixture for a bit longer.■After roasting, allow the ingredients tocool to room temperature.■Pour the roasted ingredients intothe medium jar fitted with thePoundingBlade and grind as per the 12en Dry grinding applications with PoundingBlade Rasam powder Ingredients–Coriander seeds – 2 cups (50 g) –Tur dal – ²/3 cup (50 g) –Dried red chillies – 6-8–Black pepper – ½ cup (30 g)–Cumin seeds (jeera) – 3 tsp (15 g) ■Dry-roast the coriander seeds andtur dal in a pre-heated pan on a low/medium heat until the mixture of ingredients turns brown/slightly dark. Then add black pepper, dried red chillies and cumin, one by one, in this order and roast the entire mixture for a bit longer. ■After roasting, allow the ingredients tocool to room temperature.■Pour the roasted ingredients intothe medium jar fitted with thePoundingBlade and grind as per the Idli podiIngredients–Sesame seeds – ½ tsp (2 g)–Bengal gram (chana dal) – ½ cup(100 g)–Urad dal – ½ cup (100 g) –Dry red chillies – 4-5 nos –Peeled garlic cloves – 5 nos –Spring curry leaf – 1 nos –Asafoetida – 1 pinch –Salt as per taste■Dry-roast the above ingredients in apre-heated pan on a low/medium heat until there is enough aroma from the ingredients.■After roasting, allow the ingredients tocool to room temperature.■Pour the roasted ingredients intothe medium jar fitted with thePoundingBlade and grind as per the 13en DisposalGaram masalaIngredients–Cloves – 16 (9 g)–Cumin seeds (shahi jeera) – 1 tbsp(27 g)–Bay leaf – 4-5 (3 g)–Green cardamom – 1 tsp (5 g) –Black cardamom – ½ tsp (5 g) –Star anise – 2 tbsp (6 g) –Mace 8 (3 g)–Cinnamon – 15-16 leaves (9 g) –Black pepper – 7 g–Lichen (pathar ka phool) – 2 g■Dry-roast the above ingredients in apre-heated pan on a low/medium heat until there is enough aroma from the ingredients. Add cumin seeds (shahi jeera) and bay leaves at the end.■After roasting, allow the ingredients tocool to room temperature.■Pour the roasted ingredients intothe Medium Jar fitted with thePoundingBlade and grind as per the Dane ki chutneyIngredients–Peanuts roasted – 120 g –Red chilli powder – 6 g –Salt to taste – 3 g –Cumin seeds – 4 g –Coriander seed – 5 g –Oil – 2.5 ml–Asafoetida powder – 2 pinch (0.5 g) ■Dry-roast the above ingredients in apre-heated pan on a low/medium heat until there is enough aroma from the ingredients.■After roasting, allow the ingredients tocool to room temperature.■Pour all the roasted ingredients (exceptthe peanuts) into the medium jar fitted with the PoundingBlade and grind as ■Then add the roasted peanuts to themixture and grind again as per following Note: The timings in all the above recipes are indicative to obtain the desired level of fineness/coarseness close to the traditional grinding method. However, you may adjust the timings as per your requirements.DisposalJ Save the environ m ent - dispose your e-waste in an environ m entally friendly manner by contacting designated e-waste collection centers. Please check our websitehttps://www.bosch-home.in/ for more details.Changes reserved.。

TS INTERNATIONAL MINING CO。

， LTD.SAFETY OPERATION PROCEDURESFOR THE MINING MACHINESTable of ContentsChute Feeder Safety Operation Procedures (2)400 x 600 Jaw Crusher Operation Procedures (2)Belt Conveyor Operation Procedures (4)1500 x 3600 Ball Mill Safety Operation Procedures (5)FC—1500 Grading Machine Safety Operation Procedures (6)Flotation Machine Safety Operation Procedures (7)Press Filter Safety Operation Procedures (8)Slurry Pump Safety Operation Procedures (9)Chute Feeder Safety Operation Procedures1) Equipment check1. Before turning on the machine(1) Machine Parts:A. Safety protection device is it working properly？B. Coupling bolts and roller is it working normally?Lubricating oil and grease for the deceleration part is it working properly?C. The wear and tear condition of the shield and funnelD. Pushing rod or handle is it balance, the bolts installed are they loose?(2) Motor:A. Are the starting device and the index lights working properly？B. Is the handle of the manual motor easy to rotate?2. Operating Check(1) Machine PartsA. Is the mine feeding process normal？B. Are they any debris or large pieces of ore that impact the mine feedingprocess？C. Is there any abnormal sound coming from the decelerator？ Does thetemperature of the decelerator keep rising?(2) MotorA. Is there any abnormal sound coming from the electric parts？ Does thetemperature of the electric parts keep rising？B. Is the electric current above the control cabinet working normally?2) The procedure to turn on and off the machine1. The procedure to turn on the machine(1) Follow the equipment check process and conduct equipment check(2) Caution about the switch on order. Press the switch on button after ensuringthat the machine is ready to work2. The procedure to turn off the machineUpon receiving the switch off order or emergency stop order on the machine， press the stop button right away to stop the machine from operating and then turn off the electric source inside the controlling cabinet.3) Note1. Following the production requirement to feed the mine evenly。

500/66S SHOWN“BUTCHER BOY”QUALITYDEPENDABILITY SERVICEMADE IN USAINSTALLATION PROCEDURE1. It is important to remove the feed screw from the bowl before beginning electrical work.2. An industrial electrician should do all electrical installation. Do not change wiring in electrical enclosures. Make connections and changes at terminals on disconnect switch only.3. When connections are complete, look into bowl and check rotation of drive chuck. Chuck should rotate counter-clockwise.SET UP PROCEDURE FOR MIXER GRINDERS After machine has been properly installed and is ready to process product, use the following information to configure your BUTCHER BOY mixer grinder for your specific product.BE SURE TO READ AND UNDERSTAND ALL THE INFORMATION REGARDING THIS EQUIPMENT PRIOR TO RUNNING THE EQUIPMENT. FOLLOW ALL SAFETY RULES WHEN THE EQUIPMENT IS ENERGIZED. ONLY AUTHORIZED PERSONS SHOULD WORK ON OR MAKE ADJUSTMENTS TO THIS EQUIPMENT.The control panel has 5 switches. (fig. 1)The MIX START turns on the paddle(s) and conveyor.The MIX STOP switch stops the machine, if in mix cycle the switch stops the mixing, if you have started to grind, both the grind and the mix will stop. The MIX STOP switch has a feature, which keeps the button, once depressed, in the stop position. The button must be released by turning or pulling to allow any machine operation.GRIND START will energize only if the MIX START is started first.GRIND STOP shuts down the GRIND only.JOG/RUN selector switch must be in RUN for MIX START to be energized. JOG is to jog paddle(s) (in reverse). This action will help dislodge any product behind the paddle(s) and aid placing the paddle(s) into paddle removal position, works in a one shot manner (when button is pressed motor will run for short timed duration).Open the control panel with a screwdriver by turning the slot 1/4 turn counterclockwise. Open the door, inside you will find (fig 2):CONVEYOR REVERSE timer TR1.MIXER PADDLE timer TR2.JOG relay TR3.Two control relays.Terminal strip.The only voltage in the control panel is 24 VAC, this allows fine tuning of the controls while power is applied to the machine.Start the mix cycle by depressing MIX START. Observe the mixer paddle(s) rotating continuously while the conveyor runs intermittently towards the rear of the hopper. The mixer speed is fixed; the conveyor rest time is adjustable separately from the adjustable run time.Place the product in the hopper. The conveyor should run long enough to move all the product in the conveyor into the mixing paddles but not so long that the product is overworked. The off time controls the frequency of the cycle i.e. the conveyor runs for 10 seconds and is off for 24 seconds. The relay TR1 would be set as follows:Top dial set at 1. with time range set at 10s.Bottom dial set at .8 with range set at 30s.When the GRIND START is depressed the grinder runs continuously, the conveyor runs continuously toward the grinder head and the mixer paddle(s) runs intermittently.The mixer paddle(s) needs to run just enough to keep the conveyor full but not to overwork the product. Adjust TR2 for mixer paddle(s) on-off timing the same as you adjusted TR1.CONVEYOR SPEED: this is the most important adjustment and unfortunately after you make this adjustment you need to go back and check all the previous settings. You may continue "fine tuning" the process until you are satisfied with the results.After the product begins to discharge from the plate, stop the machine, remove the end cover of the feed box and observe the "pack" of the product in the feed box. Too much packing with product being purged back into the hopper indicates too much conveyor speed; voids in the pack indicate not enough conveyor speed.Speed is changed with a crank handle, accessed by removing the bottom rear cover. Place the machine in the grind mode (the conveyor will run continuously)and turn the crank to increase or decrease the conveyor speed as needed. THE MOTOR MUST BE RUNNING WHILE PERFORMING THIS ADJUSTMENT. TIMER TR3 allows the jog button to work only as a one shot. This timer should not need adjusting.After optimum settings have been obtained the information should be recorded along with product description to use when the same product is run again.BUTCHER BOY 56, 56F & 66S – S/S CUTTING GROUPCOMMON TO 500/56, 56F & 66S500/56 MIXER GEAR BOXCONVEYOR DRIVE 500 MIXER GRINDER。

地坪打磨机操作流程英语Floor Grinder Operation Procedure.Pre-Operation Inspection.Inspect the floor grinder for any damage or loose parts.Check the power cord and plugs for any damage.Ensure that the grinding head is properly attached and secure.Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including safety glasses, ear protection, and a dust mask.Operation.1. Start the grinder: Connect the grinder to a power source and turn it on.2. Adjust the grinding pressure: Most grinders have a lever or knob that allows you to adjust the amount of pressure applied to the floor. Start with a light pressure and gradually increase it as needed.3. Guide the grinder: Hold the grinder firmly and guide it across the floor surface. Use smooth, even strokes and avoid applying excessive pressure.4. Monitor the progress: Observe the floor as you grind to ensure that you are achieving the desired results. Pay attention to the depth of the grind and the surface finish.5. Change grinding segments: As the grinding segments wear down, they will need to be replaced. Refer to the manufacturer's instructions for proper segment replacement procedures.Safety Precautions.Always wear appropriate PPE when operating the grinder.Keep hands and feet away from the grinding head.Never operate the grinder in a wet or damp environment.Disconnect the grinder from the power source before changing segments or performing any maintenance.Be aware of the surrounding environment and potential hazards.Maintenance.Clean the grinder regularly to remove dust and debris.Inspect the grinding segments regularly and replace them when necessary.Check the power cord and plugs periodically for any damage.Store the grinder in a dry and protected environmentwhen not in use.Additional Tips for Floor Grinding.Use a vacuum cleaner to remove dust and debris as you grind.Allow the floor to dry thoroughly before applying any coatings or sealers.If you are grinding on a concrete floor, use a bonding agent to ensure a strong bond between the concrete and the new coating.Troubleshooting.Grinder not starting: Check the power source and connections. Ensure that the switch is in the "on" position.Grinding too slowly: Increase the grinding pressure or replace the grinding segments.Excessive vibration: Check the grinder for any loose parts or unbalanced segments.Sparks or smoke: Disconnect the grinder from the power source and inspect for any electrical issues.Floor damage: Use a lighter grinding pressure and avoid applying excessive force.。