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module rational_utilityimplicit noneprivatepublic :: rational, &operator(+), operator(-), operator(*),&operator(/), assignment(=),operator(>),&operator(<), operator(==), operator(/=),&output, inputtype :: rationalinteger :: num, denomend type rationalinterface operator(+)module procedure rat__rat_plus_ratend interfaceinterface operator(-)module procedure rat__rat_minus_ratend interfaceinterface operator(*)module procedure rat__rat_times_ratend interfaceinterface operator(/)module procedure rat__rat_div_ratend interfaceinterface assignment(=)module procedure rat_eq_ratmodule procedure int_eq_ratmodule procedure real_eq_ratend interfaceinterface operator(>)module procedure rat_gt_ratend interfaceinterface operator(<)module procedure rat_lt_ratend interfaceinterface operator(==)module procedure rat_compare_rat end interfaceinterface operator(/=)module procedure rat_ne_ratend interfacecontainsfunction rat_gt_rat(a,b)implicit nonelogical :: rat_gt_rattype(rational), intent(in) :: a,breal :: fa,fbfa=real(a%num)/real(a%denom)fb=real(b%num)/real(b%denom)if ( fa > fb ) thenrat_gt_rat=.true.elserat_gt_rat=.false.end ifreturnend function rat_gt_ratfunction rat_lt_rat(a,b)implicit nonelogical :: rat_lt_rattype(rational), intent(in) :: a,breal :: fa,fbfa=real(a%num)/real(a%denom)fb=real(b%num)/real(b%denom)if ( fb > fa ) thenrat_lt_rat=.true.elserat_lt_rat=.false.end ifreturnend function rat_lt_ratfunction rat_compare_rat(a,b)implicit nonelogical :: rat_compare_rat type(rational), intent(in) :: a,b type(rational) :: cc=a-bif ( c%num == 0 ) thenrat_compare_rat=.true.elserat_compare_rat=.false. end ifreturnend function rat_compare_ratfunction rat_ne_rat(a,b)implicit nonelogical :: rat_ne_rattype(rational), intent(in) :: a,b type(rational) :: cc=a-bif ( c%num==0 ) thenrat_ne_rat=.false.elserat_ne_rat=.true.end ifreturnend function rat_ne_ratsubroutine rat_eq_rat( rat1, rat2 ) implicit nonetype(rational), intent(out):: rat1 type(rational), intent(in) :: rat2rat1%num = rat2%numrat1%denom = rat2%denomreturnend subroutine rat_eq_ratsubroutine int_eq_rat( int, rat ) implicit noneinteger, intent(out):: inttype(rational), intent(in) :: ratint = rat%num / rat%denomreturnend subroutine int_eq_ratsubroutine real_eq_rat( float, rat )implicit nonereal, intent(out) :: floattype(rational), intent(in) :: ratfloat = real(rat%num) / real(rat%denom)returnend subroutine real_eq_ratfunction reduse( a )implicit nonetype(rational), intent(in) :: ainteger :: btype(rational) :: reduseb=gcv_interface(a%num,a%denom) reduse%num = a%num/breduse%denom = a%denom/breturnend function redusefunction gcv_interface(a,b)implicit noneinteger, intent(in) :: a,binteger :: gcv_interfaceif ( min(a,b) .eq. 0 ) thengcv_interface=1returnend ifif (a==b) thengcv_interface=areturnelse if ( a>b ) thengcv_interface=gcv(a,b)else if ( a<b ) thengcv_interface=gcv(b,a)end ifreturnend function gcv_interfacerecursive function gcv(a,b) result(ans)implicit noneinteger, intent(in) :: a,binteger :: minteger :: ansm=mod(a,b)select case(m)case(0)ans=breturncase(1)ans=1returncase defaultans=gcv(b,m)end selectreturnend function gcvfunction rat__rat_plus_rat( rat1, rat2 )implicit nonetype(rational) :: rat__rat_plus_rattype(rational), intent(in) :: rat1,rat2type(rational) :: actact%denom= rat1%denom * rat2%denomact%num = rat1%num*rat2%denom + rat2%num*rat1%denom rat__rat_plus_rat = reduse(act)returnend function rat__rat_plus_ratfunction rat__rat_minus_rat( rat1, rat2 )implicit nonetype(rational) :: rat__rat_minus_rattype(rational), intent(in) :: rat1, rat2type(rational) :: temptemp%denom = rat1%denom*rat2%denomtemp%num = rat1%num*rat2%denom - rat2%num*rat1%denom rat__rat_minus_rat = reduse( temp )returnend function rat__rat_minus_ratfunction rat__rat_times_rat( rat1, rat2 )implicit nonetype(rational) :: rat__rat_times_rattype(rational), intent(in) :: rat1, rat2type(rational) :: temptemp%denom = rat1%denom* rat2%denomtemp%num = rat1%num * rat2%numrat__rat_times_rat = reduse(temp)returnend function rat__rat_times_ratfunction rat__rat_div_rat( rat1, rat2 )implicit nonetype(rational) :: rat__rat_div_rattype(rational), intent(in) :: rat1, rat2type(rational) :: temptemp%denom = rat1%denom* rat2%numtemp%num = rat1%num * rat2%denomrat__rat_div_rat = reduse(temp)returnend function rat__rat_div_ratsubroutine input(a)implicit nonetype(rational), intent(out) :: awrite(*,*) "分子:"read(*,*) a%numwrite(*,*) "分母:"read(*,*) a%denomreturnend subroutine inputsubroutine output(a)implicit nonetype(rational), intent(in) :: aif ( a%denom/=1 ) thenwrite(*, "(' (',I3,'/',I3,')' )" ) a%num,a%denom elsewrite(*, "(I3)" ) a%numend ifreturnend subroutine outputend module rational_utilityprogram mainuse rational_utilityimplicit nonetype(rational) :: a,b,ccall input(a)call input(b)c=a+bwrite(*,*) "a+b="call output(c)c=a-bwrite(*,*) "a-b="call output(c)c=a*bwrite(*,*) "a*b="call output(c)c=a/bwrite(*,*) "a/b="call output(c)if (a>b) write(*,*) "a>b"if (a<b) write(*,*) "a<b"if (a==b) write(*,*) "a==b"if (a/=b) write(*,*) "a/=b"stopend program main。
fortran95期末考试题及答案FORTRAN95期末考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 下列哪个是FORTRAN95中的合法变量名？A. 123abcB. _123abcC. 123D. variable-name答案：B2. 在FORTRAN95中，以下哪个语句用于定义数组？A. DIMENSIONB. DEFINEC. ARRAYD. DECLARE答案：A3. 下列哪个是FORTRAN95中的内建数据类型？A. INTEGERB. FLOATC. DOUBLED. STRING答案：A4. 在FORTRAN95中，以下哪个语句用于实现循环？A. IFB. DOC. THEND. ELSE答案：B5. 在FORTRAN95中，以下哪个语句用于条件判断？A. IFB. DOC. SELECTD. CASE答案：A6. 下列哪个是FORTRAN95中的文件打开语句？A. OPENB. CLOSEC. READD. WRITE答案：A7. 在FORTRAN95中，以下哪个语句用于实现模块化编程？A. MODULEB. FUNCTIONC. SUBROUTINED. PROGRAM答案：A8. 下列哪个是FORTRAN95中的参数传递方式？A. PASS BY VALUEB. PASS BY REFERENCEC. BOTH A AND BD. NEITHER A NOR B答案：C9. 在FORTRAN95中，以下哪个语句用于定义常量？A. DEFINEB. CONSTANTC. PARAMETERD. EQUIVALENCE答案：C10. 下列哪个是FORTRAN95中的文件关闭语句？A. OPENB. CLOSEC. READD. WRITE答案：B二、简答题（每题5分，共30分）1. 简述FORTRAN95中模块化编程的优点。
答案：模块化编程允许程序被分解成独立的模块，每个模块可以独立编译和测试，提高了代码的可读性和可维护性。
fortran考试题及答案1. 以下哪个选项是Fortran语言中合法的变量名？A. 2variableB. variable2C. _variable2D. variable-2答案：C. _variable22. Fortran程序中，以下哪个语句用于定义一个整型数组？A. INTEGER :: array(10)B. REAL :: array(10)C. INTEGER :: array[10]D. REAL :: array[10]答案：A. INTEGER :: array(10)3. 在Fortran中，以下哪个是正确的循环结构？A. DO i = 1, 10B. FOR i = 1 TO 10C. DO i = 1 TO 10D. FOR i = 1, 10答案：A. DO i = 1, 104. Fortran中，以下哪个函数用于计算数组的平均值？A. SUMB. AVERAGEC. MEAND. AVG答案：C. MEAN5. 在Fortran程序中，以下哪个语句用于打开一个文件？A. OPEN(unit=1, file='example.txt')B. CREATE(unit=1, file='example.txt')C. READ(unit=1, file='example.txt')D. WRITE(unit=1, file='example.txt')答案：A. OPEN(unit=1, file='example.txt')6. Fortran中，以下哪个语句用于声明一个双精度实数变量？A. REAL :: xB. DOUBLE PRECISION :: xC. INTEGER :: xD. LOGICAL :: x答案：B. DOUBLE PRECISION :: x7. 在Fortran中，以下哪个是正确的条件语句？A. IF x > 0 THENB. IF (x > 0) THENC. IF x > 0 THEND. IF x > 0 THEN答案：B. IF (x > 0) THEN8. Fortran程序中，以下哪个是正确的子程序声明？A. SUBROUTINE mySubroutineB. FUNCTION myFunctionC. MODULE myModuleD. PROGRAM myProgram答案：A. SUBROUTINE mySubroutine9. 在Fortran中，以下哪个语句用于读取一个整数？A. READ(*,*) iB. PRINT(*,*) iC. WRITE(*,*) iD. FORMAT(*,*) i答案：A. READ(*,*) i10. Fortran中，以下哪个是正确的模块声明？A. MODULE myModuleB. SUBROUTINE myModuleC. FUNCTION myModuleD. PROGRAM myModule答案：A. MODULE myModule。
FORTRAN习题答案习题⼆⼀、问答题1. 给出下⾯变量名称,哪些是合法变量？哪些是⾮法变量？说明原因。
Count 、num_2、x&y 、4x+5y 、china-suzhou 、$us 、AbCdE 、Mr.bai 、t5、_another 、school_class_25、#125、2002Y 、π、β、A01/02、alpha 、date(1) 1. 判定下⾯整数,指出哪些是合法整数,哪些是⾮法整数？说明原因。
-0、+ 215、$125、3,245,895、5.3245、5#384、-524_3、#5DFE 、23-345、16#1A2B 、38#ABCD 、8#275_2、+327890、4 #3212. 判定下⾯实数,指出哪些是合法实数,哪些是⾮法实数？说明原因。
-0E2、45.2345E3.5、-5489E25_8、-.2345E-35、$185.45E 、+ 2.753425E24_3、 58D85、+0.E-0、-00000.001E5、5,443,223.44、-12 34E+2、+ 18.5E 18、2.5E42习题三⼀、选择题1．下⾯是V isual Fortran 中正确的表达式是。
（A ）A*COS(X)+∣B ∣（B ）2*EXP(2*X)/SQRT(16.0)（C ）B 2-4AC （D ）MOD （24.5,0.5）2．下⾯算术赋值语句中正确的语句是。
（A ）M*N=(X-Y)/Z （B ）+R=A+B/C（C ）X=Y=Z-1.0 （D ）Y=A*B/C/D3．算术表达式1/3+2/3的值为。
（A ）0 （B ） 1 （C ） 0.99999999 （D ）值不确定⼆、问答题1. 将下列代数式⽤Visual Fortran 表达式描述：①②③ 4sin 3A-3sinA+sin3A ④ 2．执⾏下列赋值语句后，变量中的值。
变量的类型遵循I —N 规则。
1. 从键盘输入a,b,c 的值，计算f=cos ｜a+b ｜/sin ｜b｜｜a｜++tan c 上机执行该程序，输入a=-4.6°,b=10°,c=21.85°,观察计算结果。
Program ex1_1implicit nonereal a,b,c,fprint*,'请输入a,b,c(角度值)'read*,a,b,ca=a*3.14159/180.0b=b*3.14159/180.0c=c*3.14159/180.0f=cos(abs(a+b))/sin(sqrt(abs(a)+abs(b)))+tan(c)write(*,*)'f=',fstopEnd2.设圆锥体底面半径r 为6，高h 为5，从键盘输入r 、h ，计算圆锥体体积。
计算公式为V=32h r π。
Program ex1_2implicit nonereal r,h,vprint*,'请输入r,h 的值'read*,r,hv=3.14159*r*r*h/3write(*,*)'v=',vstopEnd3.求一元二次方程02=++c bx ax 的两个根1x 和2x 。
方程的系数a 、b 、c 值从键盘输入并假定042>-ac b 。
Program ex1_3implicit nonereal a,b,c,x1,x2print*,'请输入a,b,c 的值'read*,a,b,cx1=(b+sqrt(b*b-4*a*c))/2*ax2=(b-sqrt(b*b-4*a*c))/2*awrite(*,*)'x1=',x1,'x2=',x2stopEnd4.从键盘输入一个三位十进制整数，分别输出其个位、十位、百位上的数字。
Program ex1_4implicit noneinteger xprint*,'请输入一个三位十进制整数'read*,xwrite(*,*)'个位数=',mod(x,10)write(*,*)'十位数=',mod(x/10,10)write(*,*)'百位数=',x/100stopEnd5.已知ysin(⋅)+=+，分别计算等号两边的算式并输出计算⋅sinyxcosxycosx sin结果（x=30°,y=45°从键盘输入）。
Fortran95程序设计习题答案第四章 1.program main implicit none write(*,*) "Have a good time." write(*,*) "That's not bad." write(*,*) '"Mary" isn''t my name.' end program 2.program main real, parameter :: PI=3 implicit none.14159real radius write(*,*) "请输入半径长" read(*,*) radius write(*,"(' 面积='f8. 3)") radius*radius*PI end program 3.program main implicit none real grades write(*,*) "请输入成绩" read(*,*)grades write(*,"(' 调整后成绩为 'f8.3)") SQRT(grades)*10.0 end program 4.integer a,b real ra,rb a=2 b=3 ra=2.0 rb=3.0 write(*,*) b/a ! 输出1, 因为使用整数计算, 小数部分会无条件舍去 write(*,*) rb/ra ! 输出1.5 5.program main implicit none type distance real meter, inch, cm end type type(distance) :: d write(*,*) "请输入长度:" read(*,*) d%meter d%cm = d%meter*100 d%inch = d%cm/2.54 write(*,"(f8.3'米 ='f8.3'厘米='f8.3'英寸')") d%meter, d%cm, d%inch end program 第五章 1.program main implicit none integer money real tax write(*,*) "请输入月收入" read(*,*) money if ( money<1000 ) then tax = 0.03 else if ( money<5000) then tax = 0.1 else tax = 0.15 end if write(*,"(' 税金为 'I8)") nint(money*tax) end program 2.program main implicit none integer day character(len=20) :: tv write(*,*) "请输入星期几" read(*,*) day select case(day) case(1,4) tv = "新闻" case(2,5) tv = "电视剧" case(3,6) tv = "卡通" case(7) tv = "电影" case default write(*,*) "错误的输入" stop end select write(*,*) tv end program 3.program main implicit none integer age, money real tax write(*,*) "请输入年龄"write(*,*) "请输入月收入" read(*,*) money if ( age<50 ) thenread(*,*) ageif ( money<1000 ) then tax = 0.03 else if ( money<5000 )then tax = 0.10 else tax = 0.15 end if else if ( money<1000 ) then tax = 0.5 else if ( money<5000 )then tax = 0.7 else tax = 0.10 end if end ifwrite(*,"(' 税金为 'I8)") nint(money*tax) end program 4.program main implicit none integer year, days logical mod_4, mod_100, mod_400write(*,*) "请输入年份" read(*,*) year mod_4 = ( MOD(year,4) == 0 ) mod_100 = ( MOD(year,100) == 0 ) mod_400 = ( MOD(year,400) == 0 ) if ( (mod_4 .NEQV. mod_100) .or. mod_400 ) then days = 366 else days = 365 end if write(*,"('这一年有'I3'天')") days stop end program 第六章1.program main implicit none integer i do i=1,5 write(*,*) "Fortran" end do stop end program2.program main implicit none integer i,sum sum = 0 do i=1,99,2 sum = sum+i end do write(*,*) sum stop end program3.program main implicit none integer, parameter :: answer = 45 integer, parameter :: max = 5 integer weight, i do i=1,max write(*,*) "请输入体重" read(*,*) weight if ( weight==answer ) exit end do if ( i<=max ) then write(*,*) "猜对了" else write(*,*) "猜错了" end if stop end program4.program main implicit none integer, parameter :: max=10 integer i real item real ans ans = 1.0 item = 1.0 do i=2,max item = item/real(i) ans = ans+item end do write(*,*) ans stop end program5.program main implicit none integer, parameter :: length = 79 character(len=length) :: input, output integer i,j write(*,*) "请输入一个字串" read(*,"(A79)") input j=1 do i=1, len_trim(input) if( input(i:i) /= ' ' ) then output(j:j)=input(i:i) j=j+1 end if end do write(*,"(A79)") output stop end program 第七章 1.program mainimplicit none integer, parameter :: max = 10 integer i integer ::a(max) = (/ (2*i, i=1,10) /) integer :: t ! sum()是fortran库函数write(*,*) real(sum(a))/real(max) stop end program2.integer a(5,5) ! 5*5=25 integer b(2,3,4) ! 2*3*4=24 integerc(3,4,5,6) ! 3*4*5*6=360 integer d(-5:5) ! 11 integer e(-3:3, -3:3) ! 7*7=49 3.program main implicit none integer, parameter :: max=10integer f(max) integer i f(1)=0 f(2)=1 do i=3,max f(i)=f(i-1)+f(i-2) end do write(*,"(10I4)") f stop end program 4.program main implicit none integer, parameter :: size=10 integer :: a(size) = (/5,3,6,4,8,7,1,9,2,10 /) integer :: i,j integer :: t do i=1, size-1 do j=i+1, size if ( a(i) < a(j) ) then ! a(i)跟a(j)交换 t=a(i)a(i)=a(j) a(j)=t end if end do end do write(*,"(10I4)") a stop end5.a(2,2) ! 1+(2-1)+(2-1)*(5) = 7 a(3,3) ! 1+(3-1)+(3-1)*(5) = 13 第八章1.program main implicit none real radius, area write(*,*) "请输入半径长" read(*,*) radius call CircleArea(radius, area) write(*,"(' 面积 ='F8.3)") area stop end program subroutine CircleArea(radius, area) implicit none real, parameter :: PI=3.14159 real radius, area area = radius*radius*PI return end subroutine 2.program main implicit nonereal radius real, external :: CircleArea write(*,*) "请输入半径长" read(*,*) radius write(*,"(' 面积 = 'F8.3)") CircleArea(radius) stop end program real function CircleArea(radius) implicit none real, parameter :: PI=3.14159 real radius CircleArea = radius*radius*PI returnend function 3.program main implicit none call bar(3) call bar(10) stop end program subroutine bar(length) implicit none integer, intent(in) :: length integer i character(len=79) :: string string=" " do i=1,length string(i:i)='*' end do write(*,"(A79)") string return end subroutine 4.program main implicit none integer, external :: add write(*,*)add(100) end program recursive integer function add(n)integer, intent(in) :: n if ( n<0 ) then sum=0 return elseresult(sum) implicit noneif ( n<=1 ) then sum=n return end if sum = n + add(n-1) return end function 5.program main implicit none integer, external :: gcdwrite(*,*) gcd(18,12) end program integer function gcd(A,B) implicit none integer A,B,BIG,SMALL,TEMP BIG=max(A,B) SMALL=min(A,B) dowhile( SMALL /= 1 )TEMP=mod(BIG,SMALL) if ( TEMP==0 ) exit BIG=SMALL SMALL=TEMP enddo gcd=SMALL return end function 6.program main use TextGraphLib implicit none integer, parameter :: maxx=60, maxy=20 real, parameter :: StartX=0.0, EndX=3.14159*2.0 real, parameter :: xinc = (EndX-StartX)/(maxx-1) real x integer i,px,py call SetScreen(60,20) call SetCurrentChar('*') x=StartX do px=1,maxx py = (maxy/2)*sin(x)+maxy/2+1 call PutChar(px,py) x=x+xinc end docall UpdateScreen() stop end program 第九章 1.program main implicitnone character(len=79) :: filename character(len=79) :: buffer integer, parameter :: fileid = 10 integer count integer :: status = 0 logical alive write(*,*) "Filename:" read (*,"(A79)") filenameinquire( file=filename, exist=alive) if ( alive ) then open(unit=fileid, file=filename, & access="sequential", status="old") count = 0 dowhile(.true.) read(unit=fileid, fmt="(A79)", iostat=status ) bufferif ( status/=0 ) exit ! 没有资料就跳出循环 write(*,"(A79)") buffercount = count+1 if ( count==24 ) then pause count = 0 end if end do else write(*,*) TRIM(filename)," doesn't exist." end if stop end2.program main implicit none character(len=79) :: filenamecharacter(len=79) :: buffer integer, parameter :: fileid = 10 integer i integer :: status = 0 logical alive write(*,*) "Filename:" read (*,"(A79)") filename inquire( file=filename, exist=alive) if ( alive ) then open(unit=fileid, file=filename, & access="sequential",status="old") do while(.true.) read(unit=fileid, fmt="(A79)",iostat=status ) buffer if ( status/=0 )exit ! 没有资料就跳出循环 do i=1, len_trim(buffer) buffer(i:i) = char( ichar(buffer(i:i))-3 ) end do write(*,"(A70)") buffer enddo else write(*,*) TRIM(filename)," doesn't exist." end if stop end3.program main implicit none type student integer chinese, english, math, science, social, total end type type(student) :: s, total integer, parameter :: students=20, subjects=5 integer iopen(10,file="grades.bin",access="direct",recl=1) write(*,"(7A10)") "座号","中文","英文","数学","自然","社会","总分" total =student(0,0,0,0,0,0) do i=1, students read(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+1)s%chinese read(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+2) s%english read(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+3) s%math read(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+4) s%scienceread(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+5) s%social s%total =s%chinese+s%english+s%math+s%science+s%social total%chinese =total%chinese+s%chinese total%english = total%english+s%englishtotal%math = total%math+s%math total%science = total%science+s%science total%social = total%social+s%social total%total = total%total+s%total write(*,"(7I10)") i, s end do write(*,"(A10,6F10.3)") "平均", & real(total%chinese)/real(students),&real(total%english)/real(students),&real(total%math)/real(students),&real(total%science)/real(students),&real(total%social)/real(students),& real(total%total)/real(students) stop end 4.program main implicit none character(len=79) :: filename character(len=79) :: buffer integer, parameter :: fileid = 10 integer i integer :: status = 0 logical alive write(*,*) "Filename:" read (*,"(A79)") filename inquire( file=filename, exist=alive) pen(unit=fileid, file=filename, & access="sequential", if ( alive ) then ostatus="old") do while(.true.) read(unit=fileid, fmt="(A79)",iostat=status ) buffer if ( status/=0 ) exit ! 没有数据就跳出循环 doi=1,len_trim(buffer) buffer(i:i) = char( ichar(buffer(i:i))-(mod(i-1,3)+1) ) end do write(*,"(A70)") buffer end do else write(*,*)TRIM(filename)," doesn't exist." end if stop end 5.module typedef typestudent integer :: num integer :: Chinese, English, Math, Natural, Social integer :: total integer :: rank end type end module program main use typedef implicit none integer, parameter :: fileid=10 integer, parameter :: students=20 character(len=80) :: tempstrtype(student) :: s(students) ! 储存学生成绩 type(student) :: total ! 计算平均分数用 integer i, num, error open(fileid,file="grades.txt",status="old", iostat=error) if ( error/=0 ) then write(*,*) "Open grades.txt fail." stop end if read(fileid, "(A80)") tempstr ! 读入第一行文字 total=student(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0) ! 用循环读入每位学生的成绩 do i=1,students read(fileid,*) s(i)%num, s(i)%Chinese,s(i)%English, & s(i)%Math, s(i)%Natural, s(i)%Social ! 计算总分s(i)%Total = s(i)%Chinese + s(i)%English + & s(i)%Math + s(i)%Natural + s(i)%Social ! 累加上各科的分数, 计算各科平均时使用 total%Chinese = total%Chinese +s(i)%Chinese total%English = total%English + s(i)%Englishtotal%Math = total%Math + s(i)%Math total%Natural = total%Natural +s(i)%Natural total%Social = total%Social + s(i)%Social total%Total = total%Total + s(i)%Total end do call sort(s,students) ! 重新输出每位学生成绩 write(*,"(8A7)") "座号","中文","英文","数学","自然","社会","总分","名次" do i=1,students write(*,"(8I7)") s(i) end do ! 计算并输出平圴分数 write(*,"(A7,6F7.1)") "平均", &real(total%Chinese)/real(students),&real(total%English)/real(students),&real(total%Math) /real(students),&real(total%Natural)/real(students),& real(total%Social)/real(students),& real(total%Total) /real(students) stop end program subroutine sort(s,n) use typedef implicit none integer ntype(student) :: s(n), t integer i,j do i=1,n-1 do j=i+1,n if( s(i)%total < s(j)%total ) then t = s(i) s(i)=s(j) s(j) = t end if end do end do forall(i=1:n) s(i)%rank = i end forall end subroutine 第十章 1.integer(kind=4) ::4 bytes real(kind=4) :: b ! 4 bytes real(kind=8) :: c ! 8 bytes character(len=10) :: a !str ! 10 bytes integer(kind=4), pointer :: pa ! 4 bytesreal(kind=4), pointer :: pb ! 4 bytes real(kind=8), pointer :: pc ! 4 bytes character(len=10), pointer :: pstr ! 4 bytes type studentinteger Chinese, English, Math end type type(student) :: s ! 12 bytes type(student), pointer :: ps ! 4 bytes 2.integer, target :: a = 1 integer, target :: b = 2 integer, target :: c = 3 integer, pointer :: p p=>a write(*,*) p ! 1 p=>b write(*,*) p ! 2 p=>c p=5 write(*,*) c ! 53.module linklist type student integer :: num integer :: Chinese, English, Math, Science, Social end type type datalink type(student) :: item type(datalink), pointer :: next end type contains function SearchList(num, head) implicit none integer :: num type(datalink), pointer :: head, p type(datalink), pointer :: SearchList p=>headnullify(SearchList) do while( associated(p) ) if ( p%item%num==num ) then SearchList => p return end if p=>p%next end do return end function end module linklist program ex1016 use linklist implicit nonecharacter(len=20) :: filename character(len=80) :: tempstrtype(datalink), pointer :: head type(datalink), pointer :: ptype(student), allocatable :: s(:) integer i,error,size write(*,*) "filename:" read(*,*) filename open(10, file=filename, status="old", iostat=error) if ( error/=0 ) then write(*,*) "Open file fail!" stop end if allocate(head) nullify(head%next) p=>head size=0 read(10,"(A80)") tempstr ! 读入第一行字符串, 不需要处理它 ! 读入每一位学生的成绩do while(.true.) read(10,fmt=*, iostat=error) p%item if ( error/=0 )exit size=size+1 allocate(p%next, stat=error) ! 新增下一个数据 if( error/=0 ) then write(*,*) "Out of memory!" stop end if p=>p%next ! 移动到链表的下一个数据 nullify(p%next) end do write(*,"('总共有',I3,'位学生')") size allocate( s(size) ) p=>head do i=1,size s(i)=p%itemp=>p%next end do do while(.true.) write(*,*) "要查询几号同学的成绩?" read (*,*) i if ( i<1 .or. i>size ) exit ! 输入不合理的座号write(*,"(5(A6,I3))") "中文",s(i)%Chinese,& "英文",s(i)%English,& "数学",s(i)%Math,& "自然",s(i)%Science,& "社会",s(i)%Social end do write(*,"('座号',I3,'不存在, 程序结束.')") i stop end program 4.module typedef implicit none type :: datalink integer :: i type(datalink), pointer :: next end type datalink end module typedef program ex1012 use typedef implicit none type(datalink) , pointer :: p, head, nextinteger :: i,n,err write(*,*) 'Input N:' read(*,*) n allocate( head ) head%i=1 nullify(head%next) p=>head do i=2,n allocate( p%next,stat=err ) if ( err /= 0 ) then write(*,*) 'Out of memory!' stop endif p=>p%next p%i=i end do nullify(p%next) p=>head dowhile(associated(p)) write(*, "(i5)" ) p%i p=>p%next end do ! 释放链表的存储空间 p=>head do while(associated(p)) next => p%nextdeallocate(p) p=>next end do stop end program 第十一章 1.moduleutility implicit none interface area module procedure CircleArea module procedure RectArea end interface contains real function CircleArea(r) real, parameter :: PI=3.14159 real rCircleArea = r*r*PI return end function real function RectArea(a,b) real a,b RectArea = a*b return end function end module program main use UTILITY implicit none write(*,*) area(1.0) write(*,*) area(2.0,3.0)stop end program 2.module time_utility implicit none type :: timeinteger :: hour,minute,second end type time interface operator(+) module procedure add_time_time end interface contains functionadd_time_time( a, b ) implicit none type(time) :: add_time_timetype(time), intent(in) :: a,b integer :: seconds,minutes,carryseconds=a%second+b%second carry=seconds/60minutes=a%minute+b%minute+carry carry=minutes/60add_time_time%second=mod(seconds,60)add_time_time%minute=mod(minutes,60)add_time_time%hour=a%hour+b%hour+carry return end functionadd_time_time subroutine input( a ) implicit none type(time),intent(out) :: a write(*,*) " Input hours:" read (*,*) a%hourwrite(*,*) " Input minutes:" read (*,*) a%minute write(*,*) " Input seconds:" read (*,*) a%second return end subroutine input subroutine output( a ) implicit none type(time), intent(in) :: a write(*, "(I3,'hours',I3,' minutes',I3,' seconds')" ) a%hour,a%minute,a%second return end subroutine output end module time_utility program main usetime_utility implicit none type(time) :: a,b,c call input(a) callinput(b) c=a+b call output(c) stop end program main 3.modulerational_utility implicit none private public :: rational, &operator(+), operator(-), operator(*),& operator(/),assignment(=),operator(>),& operator(<), operator(==), operator(/=),& output, input type :: rational integer :: num, denom end type rational interface operator(+) module procedure rat__rat_plus_rat end interface interface operator(-)module procedure rat__rat_minus_rat end interface interfaceoperator(*) module procedure rat__rat_times_rat end interfaceinterface operator(/) module procedure rat__rat_div_rat end interface interface assignment(=) module procedure rat_eq_rat module procedureint_eq_rat module procedure real_eq_rat end interface interface operator(>) module procedure rat_gt_rat end interface interface operator(<) module procedure rat_lt_rat end interface interface operator(==) module procedure rat_compare_rat end interface interface operator(/=) module procedure rat_ne_rat end interface containsfunction rat_gt_rat(a,b) implicit none logical :: rat_gt_rattype(rational), intent(in) :: a,b real :: fa,fbfa=real(a%num)/real(a%denom)fb=real(b%num)/real(b%denom) if ( fa > fb ) then rat_gt_rat=.true. else rat_gt_rat=.false. end if return end function rat_gt_ratfunction rat_lt_rat(a,b) implicit none logical :: rat_lt_rattype(rational), intent(in) :: a,b real :: fa,fbfa=real(a%num)/real(a%denom) fb=real(b%num)/real(b%denom) if ( fb > fa ) then rat_lt_rat=.true. else rat_lt_rat=.false. end if return end function rat_lt_rat function rat_compare_rat(a,b) implicit nonelogical :: rat_compare_rat type(rational), intent(in) :: a,btype(rational) :: c c=a-b if ( c%num == 0 ) thenrat_compare_rat=.true. else rat_compare_rat=.false. end if returnend function rat_compare_rat function rat_ne_rat(a,b) implicit none logical :: rat_ne_rat type(rational), intent(in) :: a,btype(rational) :: c c=a-b if ( c%num==0 ) then rat_ne_rat=.false.else rat_ne_rat=.true. end if return end function rat_ne_ratsubroutine rat_eq_rat( rat1, rat2 ) implicitnone type(rational), intent(out):: rat1 type(rational),intent(in) :: rat2 rat1%num = rat2%num rat1%denom = rat2%denom return end subroutine rat_eq_rat subroutine int_eq_rat( int, rat ) implicit none integer, intent(out):: int type(rational), intent(in) :: rat int = rat%num / rat%denom return end subroutine int_eq_rat subroutinereal_eq_rat( float, rat ) implicit none real, intent(out) :: floattype(rational), intent(in) :: rat float = real(rat%num) /real(rat%denom) return end subroutine real_eq_rat function reduse( a ) implicit none type(rational), intent(in) :: a integer :: btype(rational) :: reduse b=gcv_interface(a%num,a%denom) reduse%num =a%num/b reduse%denom = a%denom/b return end function reduse functiongcv_interface(a,b) implicit none integer, intent(in) :: a,b integer :: gcv_interface if ( min(a,b) .eq. 0 ) then gcv_interface=1 return end if if (a==b) then gcv_interface=a return else if ( a>b ) thengcv_interface=gcv(a,b) else if ( a<b ) then gcv_interface=gcv(b,a)end if return end function gcv_interface recursive function gcv(a,b) result(ans) implicit none integer, intent(in) :: a,b integer :: m integer :: ans m=mod(a,b) select case(m) case(0) ans=b returncase(1) ans=1 return case default ans=gcv(b,m) end select return end function gcv function rat__rat_plus_rat( rat1, rat2 ) implicit none type(rational) :: rat__rat_plus_rat type(rational), intent(in) :: rat1,rat2 type(rational) :: act act%denom= rat1%denom * rat2%denom act%num = rat1%num*rat2%denom + rat2%num*rat1%denom rat__rat_plus_rat = reduse(act) return end function rat__rat_plus_rat functionrat__rat_minus_rat( rat1, rat2 ) implicit none type(rational) ::rat__rat_minus_rat type(rational), intent(in) :: rat1, rat2type(rational) :: temp temp%denom = rat1%denom*rat2%denom temp%num =rat1%num*rat2%denom - rat2%num*rat1%denom rat__rat_minus_rat = reduse( temp ) return end function rat__rat_minus_ratfunction rat__rat_times_rat( rat1, rat2 ) implicit nonetype(rational) :: rat__rat_times_rat type(rational), intent(in) :: rat1, rat2 type(rational) :: temp temp%denom = rat1%denom* rat2%denom temp%num = rat1%num * rat2%num rat__rat_times_rat = reduse(temp)return end function rat__rat_times_rat function rat__rat_div_rat( rat1, rat2 ) implicit none type(rational) :: rat__rat_div_rattype(rational), intent(in) :: rat1, rat2 type(rational) :: temptemp%denom = rat1%denom* rat2%num temp%num = rat1%num * rat2%denomrat__rat_div_rat = reduse(temp) return end function rat__rat_div_rat subroutine input(a) implicit none type(rational), intent(out) :: awrite(*,*) "分子:" read(*,*) a%num write(*,*) "分母:" read(*,*)a%denom return end subroutine input subroutine output(a) implicit none type(rational), intent(in) :: a if ( a%denom/=1 ) then write(*, "(' (',I3,'/',I3,')' )" ) a%num,a%denom else write(*, "(I3)" ) a%num end if return end subroutine output end module rational_utility program main use rational_utility implicit none type(rational) :: a,b,c call input(a) call input(b) c=a+b write(*,*) "a+b=" call output(c) c=a-bwrite(*,*) "a-b=" call output(c) c=a*b write(*,*) "a*b=" call output(c)c=a/b write(*,*) "a/b=" call output(c) if (a>b) write(*,*) "a>b" if(a<b) write(*,*) "a<b" if (a==b) write(*,*) "a==b" if (a/=b) write(*,*) "a/=b" stop end program main 4.module vector_utility implicit none type vector real x,y end type interface operator(+) module procedurevector_add_vector end interface interface operator(-) module procedurevector_sub_vector end interface interface operator(*) module procedure real_mul_vector module procedure vector_mul_real module procedure vector_dot_vector end interface interface operator(.dot.) module procedure vector_dot_vector end interface contains type(vector) functionvector_add_vector(a,b) type(vector), intent(in) :: a,bvector_add_vector = vector(a%x+b%x, a%y+b%y) end function type(vector) functionvector_sub_vector(a,b) type(vector), intent(in) :: a,bvector_sub_vector = vector(a%x-b%x, a%y-b%y) end function type(vector) function real_mul_vector(a,b) real, intent(in) :: a type(vector), intent(in) :: b real_mul_vector= vector( a*b%x, a*b%y ) end functiontype(vector) functionvector_mul_real(a,b) type(vector), intent(in) :: a real, intent(in) :: b vector_mul_real = real_mul_vector(b,a) end function real function vector_dot_vector(a,b) type(vector), intent(in) :: a,bvector_dot_vector = a%x*b%x + a%y*b%y end function subroutineoutput(vec) type(vector) :: vec write(*,"('('F6.2','F6.2')')") vec end subroutine end module program main use vector_utility implicit none type(vector) a,b,c a=vector(1.0, 2.0) b=vector(2.0, 1.0) c=a+b call output(c) c=a-b call output(c) write(*,*) a*b end program main。
fortran课后习题答案Fortran课后习题答案在学习Fortran编程语言时，课后习题是巩固知识、提高编程能力的重要途径。
通过解答课后习题，学生可以加深对Fortran语法和逻辑的理解，提高编程实践能力。
以下是一些Fortran课后习题答案，供大家参考。
1. 编写一个Fortran程序，计算并输出1到100的所有偶数的和。
程序代码如下：```fortranprogram sum_even_numbersimplicit noneinteger :: i, sumsum = 0do i = 2, 100, 2sum = sum + iend doprint *, 'The sum of even numbers from 1 to 100 is:', sumend program sum_even_numbers```2. 编写一个Fortran程序，找出一个整数数组中的最大值和最小值，并输出它们的位置。
程序代码如下：```fortranprogram find_max_minimplicit noneinteger :: i, n, max_val, min_val, max_pos, min_pos integer, dimension(10) :: arr! 初始化数组arr = (/3, 7, 2, 8, 5, 10, 1, 6, 4, 9/)! 初始化最大值和最小值max_val = arr(1)min_val = arr(1)max_pos = 1min_pos = 1! 找出最大值和最小值do i = 2, 10if (arr(i) > max_val) thenmax_val = arr(i)max_pos = iendifif (arr(i) < min_val) thenmin_val = arr(i)min_pos = iendifend doprint *, 'The maximum value is', max_val, 'at position', max_posprint *, 'The minimum value is', min_val, 'at position', min_posend program find_max_min```通过这些课后习题的答案，我们可以看到Fortran语言的一些基本特性和常用语法的运用。
Fortran95第二章第五大题习题与答案1. 计算以下分段函数的值。
≤≤-<≤-+-=)0(s i n)2()0(s i n )2(ππππx x x x x x y Program ex2_1implicit nonereal x,yreal,parameter::pi=3.14159real,parameter::npi=-3.14159print*,'请输入x 的值'read*,xif(x>=npi.and.x<0)theny=-(2.0*pi+x)*sin(x)write(*,*)'y=',yelseif(x>=0.and.x<=pi)theny=(2.0*pi-x)*sin(x)write(*,*)'y=',yelsewrite(*,*)'x 值超出定义域范围'endifstopEnd2. 输入一个数M ，判断它是否能被3或5整除，如能被其中一个数整除，则输出M ，否则输出“此数不能被3或5整除”的提示信息。
Program ex2_2implicit noneinteger mprint*,'请输入一个整数的值'read*,mif(mod(m,3)==0.or.mod(m,5)==0)thenwrite(*,*)'m=',melsewrite(*,*)'输入的整数不能被3或5整除!'endifstopEnd3. 某电视台晚上8点的节目安排如下：星期一、星期四播出新闻；星期二、星期五播出电视剧；星期三、星期六播出儿童节目；星期日播出电影。
写出程序，根据输入星期几来查询当天晚上的节目。
Program ex2_3implicit noneinteger mprint*,'请输入星期序号(星期一~日依次为1~7)'read*,mif(m==1.or.m==4)thenwrite(*,*)'新闻'elseif(m==2.or.m==5)thenwrite(*,*)'电视剧'elseif(m==3.or.m==6)thenwrite(*,*)'儿童节目'elseif(m==7)thenwrite(*,*)'电影'elsewrite(*,*)'输入序号不正确!'endifstopEnd4.输入一个学生的学号和三门课程的成绩。
一、判断题（共20分，每题1分，√表示对，×表示错）1．FORTRAN源程序的一条语句无法在一行内写下时，在行末用续行标志“！”，表示下一行是当前行的继续。
2．语句X=X+1的含义是将内存中名为X+1的存储单元的值赋给变量X。
3．如果程序单元中有说明语句PARAMETER（A=2.1），则不允许在该程序单元中改变A的值。
4．主程序和子程序可以储存到不同的文件中。
5．即使编译和连接都正确无误，FORTRAN程序运行时仍可能出错。
6．在数据块子程序中，可以调用另一个数据块子程序。
7．设有如下输入语句READ '(1X, F5.2)' , X若由键盘输入：12.3456789，则变量Y的值为12.34。
8．如果有以下程序段CHARACTER::A=’FORTRAN’则A内存储的实际值是’F’。
9．M=2000，为了在屏幕上输出□□***2000*** （其中□表示空格）。
则应使用的语句为：WRITE(*,100)M100 FORMAT(2X,’***’,I4,’***’)10．模块可用USE引用，也可用CALL调用。
11．语句函数定义语句在程序内的位置是：在程序块开头语句之后，END语句之前。
12．若有以下程序段：INTEGER,POINTER ::P1, P2INTEGER,TARGET::I=20, J=30P1=>I; P2=>J; P1=>P2; P2=>P1运行程序，I、J的值都为20。
13．COMMON语句的功能是给不同程序模块中的若干变量分配同一存储单元。
14．设C是复型变量，A、B是实型变量。
把A 的值赋给C的实部，把B的值赋给C的虚部的赋值语句是C=CMPLX(A,B)。
15．顺序存储结构的存储一定是连续的，链式存储结构的存储空间不一定是连续的。
16．A2B的FORTRAN表达式为A**2*B。
17．程序中说明了变量a具有POINTER属性，若a=>b，则b应具有PARAMETER属性。
第四章1.program mainimplicit nonewrite(*,*) "Have a good time."write(*,*) "That's not bad."write(*,*) '"Mary" isn''t my name.'end program2.program mainreal, parameter :: PI=3implicit none.14159real radiuswrite(*,*) "请输入半径长"read(*,*) radiuswrite(*,"(' 面积='f8. 3)") radius*radius*PIend program3.program mainimplicit nonereal gradeswrite(*,*) "请输入成绩"read(*,*) gradeswrite(*,"(' 调整后成绩为'f8.3)") SQRT(grades)*10.0end program4.integer a,breal ra,rba=2b=3ra=2.0rb=3.0write(*,*) b/a ! 输出1, 因为使用整数计算, 小数部分会无条件舍去write(*,*) rb/ra ! 输出1.55.program mainimplicit nonetype distancereal meter, inch, cmend typetype(distance) :: dwrite(*,*) "请输入长度:"read(*,*) d%meterd%cm = d%meter*100d%inch = d%cm/2.54write(*,"(f8.3'米='f8.3'厘米='f8.3'英寸')") d%meter, d%cm, d%inch end program第五章1.program mainimplicit noneinteger moneyreal taxwrite(*,*) "请输入月收入"read(*,*) moneyif ( money<1000 ) thentax = 0.03else if ( money<5000) thentax = 0.1elsetax = 0.15end ifwrite(*,"(' 税金为'I8)") nint(money*tax)end program2.program mainimplicit noneinteger daycharacter(len=20) :: tvwrite(*,*) "请输入星期几"read(*,*) dayselect case(day)case(1,4)tv = "新闻"case(2,5)tv = "电视剧"case(3,6)tv = "卡通"case(7)tv = "电影"case defaultwrite(*,*) "错误的输入"stopend selectwrite(*,*) tvend program3.program mainimplicit noneinteger age, moneywrite(*,*) "请输入年龄"read(*,*) agewrite(*,*) "请输入月收入"read(*,*) moneyif ( age<50 ) thenif ( money<1000 ) thentax = 0.03else if ( money<5000 )thentax = 0.10elsetax = 0.15end ifelseif ( money<1000 ) thentax = 0.5else if ( money<5000 )thentax = 0.7elsetax = 0.10end ifend ifwrite(*,"(' 税金为'I8)") nint(money*tax)end program4.program mainimplicit noneinteger year, dayslogical mod_4, mod_100, mod_400write(*,*) "请输入年份"read(*,*) yearmod_4 = ( MOD(year,4) == 0 )mod_100 = ( MOD(year,100) == 0 )mod_400 = ( MOD(year,400) == 0 )if ( (mod_4 .NEQV. mod_100) .or. mod_400 ) then days = 366elsedays = 365write(*,"('这一年有'I3'天')") daysstopend program第六章1.program mainimplicit noneinteger ido i=1,5write(*,*) "Fortran"end dostopend program2.program mainimplicit noneinteger i,sumsum = 0do i=1,99,2sum = sum+iend dowrite(*,*) sumstopend program3.program mainimplicit noneinteger, parameter :: answer = 45 integer, parameter :: max = 5 integer weight, ido i=1,maxwrite(*,*) "请输入体重"read(*,*) weightif ( weight==answer ) exitend doif ( i<=max ) thenwrite(*,*) "猜对了"elsewrite(*,*) "猜错了"end ifstop4.program mainimplicit noneinteger, parameter :: max=10 integer ireal itemreal ansans = 1.0item = 1.0do i=2,maxitem = item/real(i)ans = ans+itemend dowrite(*,*) ansstopend program5.program mainimplicit noneinteger, parameter :: length = 79 character(len=length) :: input, output integer i,jwrite(*,*) "请输入一个字串"read(*,"(A79)") inputj=1do i=1, len_trim(input)if ( input(i:i) /= ' ' ) thenoutput(j:j)=input(i:i)j=j+1end ifend dowrite(*,"(A79)") outputstopend program第七章1.program mainimplicit noneinteger, parameter :: max = 10 integer iinteger :: a(max) = (/ (2*i, i=1,10) /)! sum()是fortran库函数write(*,*) real(sum(a))/real(max)stopend program2.integer a(5,5) ! 5*5=25integer b(2,3,4) ! 2*3*4=24integer c(3,4,5,6) ! 3*4*5*6=360integer d(-5:5) ! 11integer e(-3:3, -3:3) ! 7*7=493.program mainimplicit noneinteger, parameter :: max=10integer f(max)integer if(1)=0f(2)=1do i=3,maxf(i)=f(i-1)+f(i-2)end dowrite(*,"(10I4)") fstopend program4.program mainimplicit noneinteger, parameter :: size=10integer :: a(size) = (/ 5,3,6,4,8,7,1,9,2,10 /) integer :: i,jinteger :: tdo i=1, size-1do j=i+1, sizeif ( a(i) < a(j) ) then ! a(i)跟a(j)交换t=a(i)a(i)=a(j)a(j)=tend ifend doend dowrite(*,"(10I4)") astopend5.a(2,2) ! 1+(2-1)+(2-1)*(5) = 7a(3,3) ! 1+(3-1)+(3-1)*(5) = 13第八章1.program mainimplicit nonereal radius, areawrite(*,*) "请输入半径长"read(*,*) radiuscall CircleArea(radius, area)write(*,"(' 面积= 'F8.3)") areastopend programsubroutine CircleArea(radius, area)implicit nonereal, parameter :: PI=3.14159real radius, areaarea = radius*radius*PIreturnend subroutine2.program mainimplicit nonereal radiusreal, external :: CircleAreawrite(*,*) "请输入半径长"read(*,*) radiuswrite(*,"(' 面积= 'F8.3)") CircleArea(radius)stopend programreal function CircleArea(radius)implicit nonereal, parameter :: PI=3.14159real radiusCircleArea = radius*radius*PIreturnend function3.program mainimplicit nonecall bar(3)call bar(10)stopend programsubroutine bar(length)implicit noneinteger, intent(in) :: lengthinteger icharacter(len=79) :: stringstring=" "do i=1,lengthstring(i:i)='*'end dowrite(*,"(A79)") stringreturnend subroutine4.program mainimplicit noneinteger, external :: addwrite(*,*) add(100)end programrecursive integer function add(n) result(sum) implicit noneinteger, intent(in) :: nif ( n<0 ) thensum=0returnelse if ( n<=1 ) thensum=nreturnend ifsum = n + add(n-1)returnend function5.program mainimplicit noneinteger, external :: gcdwrite(*,*) gcd(18,12)end programinteger function gcd(A,B)implicit noneinteger A,B,BIG,SMALL,TEMPBIG=max(A,B)SMALL=min(A,B)do while( SMALL /= 1 )TEMP=mod(BIG,SMALL)if ( TEMP==0 ) exitBIG=SMALLSMALL=TEMPend dogcd=SMALLreturnend function6.program mainuse TextGraphLibimplicit noneinteger, parameter :: maxx=60, maxy=20real, parameter :: StartX=0.0, EndX=3.14159*2.0 real, parameter :: xinc = (EndX-StartX)/(maxx-1) real xinteger i,px,pycall SetScreen(60,20)call SetCurrentChar('*')x=StartXdo px=1,maxxpy = (maxy/2)*sin(x)+maxy/2+1call PutChar(px,py)x=x+xincend docall UpdateScreen()stopend program第九章1.program mainimplicit nonecharacter(len=79) :: filenamecharacter(len=79) :: bufferinteger, parameter :: fileid = 10integer countinteger :: status = 0logical alivewrite(*,*) "Filename:"read (*,"(A79)") filenameinquire( file=filename, exist=alive)if ( alive ) thenopen(unit=fileid, file=filename, &access="sequential", status="old")count = 0do while(.true.)read(unit=fileid, fmt="(A79)", iostat=status ) bufferif ( status/=0 ) exit ! 没有资料就跳出循环write(*,"(A79)") buffercount = count+1if ( count==24 ) thenpausecount = 0end ifend doelsewrite(*,*) TRIM(filename)," doesn't exist."end ifstopend2.program mainimplicit nonecharacter(len=79) :: filenamecharacter(len=79) :: bufferinteger, parameter :: fileid = 10integer iinteger :: status = 0logical alivewrite(*,*) "Filename:"read (*,"(A79)") filenameinquire( file=filename, exist=alive)if ( alive ) thenopen(unit=fileid, file=filename, &access="sequential", status="old")do while(.true.)read(unit=fileid, fmt="(A79)", iostat=status ) bufferif ( status/=0 ) exit ! 没有资料就跳出循环do i=1, len_trim(buffer)buffer(i:i) = char( ichar(buffer(i:i))-3 )end dowrite(*,"(A70)") bufferend doelsewrite(*,*) TRIM(filename)," doesn't exist."end ifstopend3.program mainimplicit nonetype studentinteger chinese, english, math, science, social, totalend typetype(student) :: s, totalinteger, parameter :: students=20, subjects=5integer iopen(10,file="grades.bin",access="direct",recl=1)write(*,"(7A10)") "座号","中文","英文","数学","自然","社会","总分" total = student(0,0,0,0,0,0)do i=1, studentsread(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+1) s%chineseread(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+2) s%englishread(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+3) s%mathread(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+4) s%scienceread(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+5) s%socials%total = s%chinese+s%english+s%math+s%science+s%socialtotal%chinese = total%chinese+s%chinesetotal%english = total%english+s%englishtotal%math = total%math+s%mathtotal%science = total%science+s%sciencetotal%social = total%social+s%socialtotal%total = total%total+s%totalwrite(*,"(7I10)") i, send dowrite(*,"(A10,6F10.3)") "平均", &real(total%chinese)/real(students),&real(total%english)/real(students),&real(total%math)/real(students),&real(total%science)/real(students),&real(total%social)/real(students),&real(total%total)/real(students)stopend4.program mainimplicit nonecharacter(len=79) :: filenamecharacter(len=79) :: bufferinteger, parameter :: fileid = 10integer iinteger :: status = 0logical alivewrite(*,*) "Filename:"read (*,"(A79)") filenameinquire( file=filename, exist=alive)if ( alive ) thenopen(unit=fileid, file=filename, &access="sequential", status="old")do while(.true.)read(unit=fileid, fmt="(A79)", iostat=status ) bufferif ( status/=0 ) exit ! 没有数据就跳出循环do i=1, len_trim(buffer)buffer(i:i) = char( ichar(buffer(i:i))-(mod(i-1,3)+1) )end dowrite(*,"(A70)") bufferend doelsewrite(*,*) TRIM(filename)," doesn't exist."end ifstopend5.module typedeftype studentinteger :: numinteger :: Chinese, English, Math, Natural, Socialinteger :: totalinteger :: rankend typeend moduleprogram mainuse typedefimplicit noneinteger, parameter :: fileid=10integer, parameter :: students=20character(len=80) :: tempstrtype(student) :: s(students) ! 储存学生成绩type(student) :: total ! 计算平均分数用integer i, num, erroropen(fileid, file="grades.txt",status="old", iostat=error)if ( error/=0 ) thenwrite(*,*) "Open grades.txt fail."stopend ifread(fileid, "(A80)") tempstr ! 读入第一行文字total=student(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0)! 用循环读入每位学生的成绩do i=1,studentsread(fileid,*) s(i)%num, s(i)%Chinese, s(i)%English, &s(i)%Math, s(i)%Natural, s(i)%Social ! 计算总分s(i)%Total = s(i)%Chinese + s(i)%English + &s(i)%Math + s(i)%Natural + s(i)%Social ! 累加上各科的分数, 计算各科平均时使用total%Chinese = total%Chinese + s(i)%Chinesetotal%English = total%English + s(i)%Englishtotal%Math = total%Math + s(i)%Mathtotal%Natural = total%Natural + s(i)%Naturaltotal%Social = total%Social + s(i)%Socialtotal%Total = total%Total + s(i)%Totalend docall sort(s,students)! 重新输出每位学生成绩write(*,"(8A7)") "座号","中文","英文","数学","自然","社会","总分","名次" do i=1,studentswrite(*,"(8I7)") s(i)end do! 计算并输出平圴分数write(*,"(A7,6F7.1)") "平均", &real(total%Chinese)/real(students),&real(total%English)/real(students),&real(total%Math) /real(students),&real(total%Natural)/real(students),&real(total%Social) /real(students),&real(total%Total) /real(students)stopend programsubroutine sort(s,n)use typedefimplicit noneinteger ntype(student) :: s(n), tinteger i,jdo i=1,n-1do j=i+1,nif ( s(i)%total < s(j)%total ) thent = s(i)s(i)=s(j)s(j) = tend ifend doend doforall(i=1:n)s(i)%rank = iend forallend subroutine第十章1.integer(kind=4) :: a ! 4 bytesreal(kind=4) :: b ! 4 bytesreal(kind=8) :: c ! 8 bytescharacter(len=10) :: str ! 10 bytesinteger(kind=4), pointer :: pa ! 4 bytesreal(kind=4), pointer :: pb ! 4 bytesreal(kind=8), pointer :: pc ! 4 bytescharacter(len=10), pointer :: pstr ! 4 bytestype studentinteger Chinese, English, Mathend typetype(student) :: s ! 12 bytestype(student), pointer :: ps ! 4 bytes2.integer, target :: a = 1integer, target :: b = 2integer, target :: c = 3integer, pointer :: pp=>awrite(*,*) p ! 1p=>bwrite(*,*) p ! 2p=>cp=5write(*,*) c ! 53.module linklisttype studentinteger :: numinteger :: Chinese, English, Math, Science, Social end typetype datalinktype(student) :: itemtype(datalink), pointer :: nextend typecontainsfunction SearchList(num, head)implicit noneinteger :: numtype(datalink), pointer :: head, ptype(datalink), pointer :: SearchListp=>headnullify(SearchList)do while( associated(p) )if ( p%item%num==num ) thenSearchList => preturnend ifp=>p%nextend doreturnend functionend module linklistprogram ex1016use linklistimplicit nonecharacter(len=20) :: filenamecharacter(len=80) :: tempstrtype(datalink), pointer :: headtype(datalink), pointer :: ptype(student), allocatable :: s(:)integer i,error,sizewrite(*,*) "filename:"read(*,*) filenameopen(10, file=filename, status="old", iostat=error)if ( error/=0 ) thenwrite(*,*) "Open file fail!"stopend ifallocate(head)nullify(head%next)p=>headsize=0read(10, "(A80)") tempstr ! 读入第一行字符串, 不需要处理它! 读入每一位学生的成绩do while(.true.)read(10,fmt=*, iostat=error) p%itemif ( error/=0 ) exitsize=size+1allocate(p%next, stat=error) ! 新增下一个数据if ( error/=0 ) thenwrite(*,*) "Out of memory!"stopend ifp=>p%next ! 移动到链表的下一个数据nullify(p%next)end dowrite(*,"('总共有',I3,'位学生')") sizeallocate( s(size) )p=>headdo i=1,sizes(i)=p%itemp=>p%nextend dodo while(.true.)write(*,*) "要查询几号同学的成绩?"read (*,*) iif ( i<1 .or. i>size ) exit ! 输入不合理的座号write(*,"(5(A6,I3))") "中文",s(i)%Chinese,&"英文",s(i)%English,&"数学",s(i)%Math,&"自然",s(i)%Science,&"社会",s(i)%Social end dowrite(*,"('座号',I3,'不存在, 程序结束.')") istopend program4.module typedefimplicit nonetype :: datalinkinteger :: itype(datalink), pointer :: nextend type datalinkend module typedefprogram ex1012use typedefimplicit nonetype(datalink) , pointer :: p, head, nextinteger :: i,n,errwrite(*,*) 'Input N:'read(*,*) nallocate( head )head%i=1nullify(head%next)p=>headdo i=2,nallocate( p%next, stat=err )if ( err /= 0 ) thenwrite(*,*) 'Out of memory!'stopend ifp=>p%nextp%i=iend donullify(p%next)p=>headdo while(associated(p))write(*, "(i5)" ) p%ip=>p%nextend do! 释放链表的存储空间p=>headdo while(associated(p))next => p%nextdeallocate(p)p=>nextend dostopend program第十一章1.module utilityimplicit noneinterface areamodule procedure CircleAreamodule procedure RectArea end interfacecontainsreal function CircleArea(r)real, parameter :: PI=3.14159real rCircleArea = r*r*PIreturnend functionreal function RectArea(a,b)real a,bRectArea = a*breturnend functionend moduleprogram mainuse UTILITYimplicit nonewrite(*,*) area(1.0)write(*,*) area(2.0,3.0)stopend program2.module time_utilityimplicit nonetype :: timeinteger :: hour,minute,secondend type timeinterface operator(+)module procedure add_time_time end interfacecontainsfunction add_time_time( a, b )implicit nonetype(time) :: add_time_timetype(time), intent(in) :: a,binteger :: seconds,minutes,carryseconds=a%second+b%secondcarry=seconds/60minutes=a%minute+b%minute+carrycarry=minutes/60add_time_time%second=mod(seconds,60)add_time_time%minute=mod(minutes,60)add_time_time%hour=a%hour+b%hour+carryreturnend function add_time_timesubroutine input( a )implicit nonetype(time), intent(out) :: awrite(*,*) " Input hours:"read (*,*) a%hourwrite(*,*) " Input minutes:"read (*,*) a%minutewrite(*,*) " Input seconds:"read (*,*) a%secondreturnend subroutine inputsubroutine output( a )implicit nonetype(time), intent(in) :: awrite(*, "(I3,' hours',I3,' minutes',I3,' seconds')" ) a%hour,a%minute,a%secondreturnend subroutine outputend module time_utilityprogram mainuse time_utilityimplicit nonetype(time) :: a,b,ccall input(a)call input(b)c=a+bcall output(c)stopend program main3.module rational_utilityimplicit noneprivatepublic :: rational, &operator(+), operator(-), operator(*),&operator(/), assignment(=),operator(>),&operator(<), operator(==), operator(/=),&output, inputtype :: rationalinteger :: num, denomend type rationalinterface operator(+)module procedure rat__rat_plus_ratend interfaceinterface operator(-)module procedure rat__rat_minus_ratend interfaceinterface operator(*)module procedure rat__rat_times_ratend interfaceinterface operator(/)module procedure rat__rat_div_ratend interfaceinterface assignment(=)module procedure rat_eq_ratmodule procedure int_eq_ratmodule procedure real_eq_ratend interfaceinterface operator(>)module procedure rat_gt_ratend interfaceinterface operator(<)module procedure rat_lt_ratend interfaceinterface operator(==)module procedure rat_compare_rat end interfaceinterface operator(/=)module procedure rat_ne_ratend interfacecontainsfunction rat_gt_rat(a,b)implicit nonelogical :: rat_gt_rattype(rational), intent(in) :: a,breal :: fa,fbfa=real(a%num)/real(a%denom)fb=real(b%num)/real(b%denom)if ( fa > fb ) thenrat_gt_rat=.true.elserat_gt_rat=.false.end ifreturnend function rat_gt_ratfunction rat_lt_rat(a,b)implicit nonelogical :: rat_lt_rattype(rational), intent(in) :: a,breal :: fa,fbfa=real(a%num)/real(a%denom)fb=real(b%num)/real(b%denom)if ( fb > fa ) thenrat_lt_rat=.true.elserat_lt_rat=.false.end ifreturnend function rat_lt_ratfunction rat_compare_rat(a,b)implicit nonelogical :: rat_compare_rat type(rational), intent(in) :: a,b type(rational) :: cc=a-bif ( c%num == 0 ) thenrat_compare_rat=.true.elserat_compare_rat=.false. end ifreturnend function rat_compare_ratfunction rat_ne_rat(a,b)implicit nonelogical :: rat_ne_rattype(rational), intent(in) :: a,b type(rational) :: cc=a-bif ( c%num==0 ) thenrat_ne_rat=.false.elserat_ne_rat=.true.end ifreturnend function rat_ne_ratsubroutine rat_eq_rat( rat1, rat2 ) implicit nonetype(rational), intent(out):: rat1 type(rational), intent(in) :: rat2rat1%num = rat2%numrat1%denom = rat2%denomreturnend subroutine rat_eq_ratsubroutine int_eq_rat( int, rat ) implicit noneinteger, intent(out):: inttype(rational), intent(in) :: ratint = rat%num / rat%denomreturnend subroutine int_eq_ratsubroutine real_eq_rat( float, rat ) implicit nonereal, intent(out) :: floattype(rational), intent(in) :: ratfloat = real(rat%num) / real(rat%denom)returnend subroutine real_eq_ratfunction reduse( a )implicit nonetype(rational), intent(in) :: ainteger :: btype(rational) :: reduseb=gcv_interface(a%num,a%denom) reduse%num = a%num/breduse%denom = a%denom/breturnend function redusefunction gcv_interface(a,b)implicit noneinteger, intent(in) :: a,binteger :: gcv_interfaceif ( min(a,b) .eq. 0 ) thengcv_interface=1returnend ifif (a==b) thengcv_interface=areturnelse if ( a>b ) thengcv_interface=gcv(a,b)else if ( a<b ) thengcv_interface=gcv(b,a)end ifreturnend function gcv_interfacerecursive function gcv(a,b) result(ans)implicit noneinteger, intent(in) :: a,binteger :: minteger :: ansm=mod(a,b)select case(m)case(0)ans=breturncase(1)ans=1returncase defaultans=gcv(b,m)end selectreturnend function gcvfunction rat__rat_plus_rat( rat1, rat2 )implicit nonetype(rational) :: rat__rat_plus_rattype(rational), intent(in) :: rat1,rat2type(rational) :: actact%denom= rat1%denom * rat2%denomact%num = rat1%num*rat2%denom + rat2%num*rat1%denom rat__rat_plus_rat = reduse(act)returnend function rat__rat_plus_ratfunction rat__rat_minus_rat( rat1, rat2 )implicit nonetype(rational) :: rat__rat_minus_rattype(rational), intent(in) :: rat1, rat2type(rational) :: temptemp%denom = rat1%denom*rat2%denomtemp%num = rat1%num*rat2%denom - rat2%num*rat1%denom rat__rat_minus_rat = reduse( temp )returnend function rat__rat_minus_ratfunction rat__rat_times_rat( rat1, rat2 )implicit nonetype(rational) :: rat__rat_times_rattype(rational), intent(in) :: rat1, rat2type(rational) :: temptemp%denom = rat1%denom* rat2%denomtemp%num = rat1%num * rat2%numrat__rat_times_rat = reduse(temp)returnend function rat__rat_times_ratfunction rat__rat_div_rat( rat1, rat2 )implicit nonetype(rational) :: rat__rat_div_rattype(rational), intent(in) :: rat1, rat2type(rational) :: temptemp%denom = rat1%denom* rat2%numtemp%num = rat1%num * rat2%denomrat__rat_div_rat = reduse(temp)returnend function rat__rat_div_ratsubroutine input(a)implicit nonetype(rational), intent(out) :: awrite(*,*) "分子:"read(*,*) a%numwrite(*,*) "分母:"read(*,*) a%denomreturnend subroutine inputsubroutine output(a)implicit nonetype(rational), intent(in) :: aif ( a%denom/=1 ) thenwrite(*, "(' (',I3,'/',I3,')' )" ) a%num,a%denom elsewrite(*, "(I3)" ) a%numend ifreturnend subroutine outputend module rational_utilityprogram mainuse rational_utilityimplicit nonetype(rational) :: a,b,ccall input(a)call input(b)c=a+bwrite(*,*) "a+b="call output(c)c=a-bwrite(*,*) "a-b="call output(c)c=a*bwrite(*,*) "a*b="call output(c)c=a/bwrite(*,*) "a/b="call output(c)if (a>b) write(*,*) "a>b"if (a<b) write(*,*) "a<b"if (a==b) write(*,*) "a==b"if (a/=b) write(*,*) "a/=b"stopend program main4.module vector_utilityimplicit nonetype vectorreal x,yend typeinterface operator(+)module procedure vector_add_vectorend interfaceinterface operator(-)module procedure vector_sub_vectorend interfaceinterface operator(*)module procedure real_mul_vectormodule procedure vector_mul_realmodule procedure vector_dot_vectorend interfaceinterface operator(.dot.)module procedure vector_dot_vectorend interfacecontainstype(vector) function vector_add_vector(a,b)type(vector), intent(in) :: a,bvector_add_vector = vector(a%x+b%x, a%y+b%y) end functiontype(vector) function vector_sub_vector(a,b)type(vector), intent(in) :: a,bvector_sub_vector = vector(a%x-b%x, a%y-b%y) end functiontype(vector) function real_mul_vector(a,b)real, intent(in) :: atype(vector), intent(in) :: breal_mul_vector = vector( a*b%x, a*b%y )end functiontype(vector) function vector_mul_real(a,b)type(vector), intent(in) :: areal, intent(in) :: bvector_mul_real = real_mul_vector(b,a) end functionreal function vector_dot_vector(a,b)type(vector), intent(in) :: a,bvector_dot_vector = a%x*b%x + a%y*b%y end functionsubroutine output(vec)type(vector) :: vecwrite(*,"('('F6.2','F6.2')')") vecend subroutineend moduleprogram mainuse vector_utilityimplicit nonetype(vector) a,b,ca=vector(1.0, 2.0)b=vector(2.0, 1.0)c=a+bcall output(c)c=a-bcall output(c)write(*,*) a*bend program main。
